2026年英语学业水平合格考考前模拟卷02（广东专用）（全解全析）

2/22026年学业水平合格考考前模拟卷02（广东专用）英语·全解全析本试卷共6页，46小题，满分150分。考试用时90分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑:如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上:如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效4.考生必须保持答题卡整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。I．情景交际(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下列简短对话，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，将对话补全。1．—I’dbehappytohelpyouwithyourmath,ifyoucouldhelpmewithEnglishinreturn.—________Howaboutstartingtomorrow?A．It’sadeal! B．Nohurry!C．Itdepends. D．Nothingserious.【答案】A【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我很乐意帮你学数学，如果你能反过来帮我学英语的话。——一言为定！明天开始怎么样？A.It’sadeal!一言为定；B.Nohurry!不急；C.Itdepends.看情况而定；D.Nothingserious.没什么大不了的。根据上下句句意可知，此处为短语It’sadeal!“一言为定”，用于表示同意对方的提议并达成约定，符合语境。故选A项。2．—I’mafraidIwillbefiredforthemistakeImadeinmywork.—_________!Itcan’tbeasbadasallthat.A．Goodluck B．CheerupC．Holdon D．Noproblem【答案】B【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我担心我会因为工作中犯的错误而被解雇。——振作起来！事情不会那么糟的。A.Goodluck祝你好运；B.Cheerup振作起来；C.Holdon坚持；D.Noproblem没问题。由“Itcan’tbeasbadasallthat”可知，是在安慰对方，鼓励对方不要过于悲观，空格处意为“振作起来”。故选B。3．—I’mthinkingofjoiningthedebateclubtoimprovemyspeakingskills.—________!It’sagreatwaytobuildconfidenceandmakenewfriends.A．Goodidea B．Withpleasure C．Nevermind D．Ibegtodiffer【答案】A【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我正在考虑加入辩论俱乐部，以提高我的口语表达能力。——好主意！这是一种增强自信心并结交新朋友的绝佳方式。A.Goodidea好主意；B.Withpleasure乐意效劳；C.Nevermind没关系；D.Ibegtodiffer我不敢苟同。根据后文“It’sagreatwaytobuildconfidenceandmakenewfriends.”可知，评论这是好主意。故选A。4．—I’mafraidIhavebrokenthechair.—________.Icangetitfixed.A．Noway B．Nevermind C．Pardonme D．Goahead【答案】B【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——恐怕我把椅子弄坏了。——没关系。我可以把它修好。A.Noway没门儿；B.Nevermind没关系；C.Pardonme请再说一遍；D.Goahead前进，继续。由“Icangetitfixed”可知，第二个人说没关系，自己可以把椅子修好，因此空格处是“没关系”。故选B。5．—Theweatherreportsayswewillexpectasunnydaytomorrow.—________.Iamgoingtogoclimbingwithmyclassmates.A．Badluck B．Ihopeso C．Soundsterrible D．I’mafraidso【答案】B【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——天气预报说明天会是晴天。——希望如此。我打算和同学们去爬山。A.Badluck倒霉；B.Ihopeso希望如此；C.Soundsterrible听起来糟糕；D.I’mafraidso恐怕是这样。由语境可知，说话人计划爬山，因此对晴天预报应持积极态度。B选项既符合天气预报的预期，又呼应了爬山需要好天气的期待。故选B项。II．阅读理解（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）第一节阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。AWhenyouareawayfromhome,eatingismorethanjustawaytokeepyourstomachfull.Sharingamealwithothersisakindofcommunication.Thereisnobetterwaytosay,“Gladtomeetyou...”Clearly,mealtimeisnotthetimeforyoutosay“Thanks,butnothanks.”Justconsider:WhatwouldpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkofaforeignvisitorwhodidn’twanttotryabitofhomemadeapplepie?Whenyouareinaforeigncountry,sayingyestothefoodonyourplateisimportant.Itmeansthatyouacceptthehost,thecountry,andthecompany.That’swhymostexperiencedtravelerstrytoeateverythingeverywhere,eventhoughthedishlooksstrange.Weoftenfeeluncomfortablewithfoodthatweareunfamiliarwith.However,foodthatseemsstrangeinoneculturemaybeafavoritefoodinanother.InSouthChina,forinstance,therearemanyrestaurantsthatmakedishesfromsnakes.Sheep’seyeballsmaybeunfamiliarinsomepartsoftheworld,butinSaudiArabia,theyareachoicefood.InpartsofColombia,roastedantsare.Canyourefusesuchfoodwithoutbeingrude?Mostexperiencedbusinesstravelerssayno.Youshouldatleasttryabitofit.Ithelps,though,tocutthingsintoverythinpieces.Thisway,youwon’tnoticetheappearanceorrememberwhereitcamefrom.Or,“Swallowitquickly,”asonetraveleradvises.“Istillcan’ttellyouwhatroastedantstastelike.”Anotherusefulpieceofadviceisthis:It’sbetterifyoudon’tknowwhatyouareeating.Don’taskwhat’sfordinner.Avoidlookingatrestaurantmenus.Yourhostwillbeveryhappybecauseyouareeatingthefoodthatheorsheoffers.6．Theauthorputstheunderlinedquestion“Whatwould...applepie?”inordertoshow______.A．theimportanceoftastingforeignfood B．Americans’attitudetowardforeignersC．thefeaturesofAmericanfood D．hisinterestinforeignfood7．ThetravelermentionedinParagraph4mostprobablyhasbeento______.A．theUnitedStates B．China C．SaudiArabia D．Colombia8．Accordingtothetext,whenofferedstrangefoodinaforeigncountry,youshould______.A．learnwhereitcamefrom B．seehowitwascookedC．askaboutitsname D．haveatasteofit9．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tosolveaproblem. B．Togivepracticaladvice.C．Totellaninterestingstory. D．Tointroducebusinesstrips.10．Whoaremostprobablyinterestedinthetext?A．Businessmen. B．Cooks. C．Educators. D．Waiters.【答案】6．A7．D8．D9．B10．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于在国外如何处理被提供奇怪食物的实用建议。6．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Justconsider:WhatwouldpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkofaforeignvisitorwhodidn’twanttotryabitofhomemadeapplepie?Whenyouareinaforeigncountry,sayingyestothefoodonyourplateisimportant.Itmeansthatyouacceptthehost,thecountry,andthecompany.That’swhymostexperiencedtravelerstrytoeateverythingeverywhere,eventhoughthedishlooksstrange.(想象一下：一个外国游客不想尝一点自制的苹果派，美国人会怎么想？当你在国外时，对你盘子里的食物说“是”很重要。这意味着你接受了主人、国家和同伴。这就是为什么大多数有经验的旅行者会到处尝试吃所有的东西，即使这道菜看起来很奇怪)”可推知，作者提出“一个外国游客不想尝一点自制的苹果派，美国人会怎么想？”这个问题是为了表明品尝外国食物的重要性。故选A。7．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sheep’seyeballsmaybeunfamiliarinsomepartsoftheworld,butinSaudiArabia,theyareachoicefood.InpartsofColombia,roastedantsare.(羊眼球可能在世界上的一些地方不为人知，但在沙特阿拉伯，它们是一种受欢迎的食物。在哥伦比亚的一些地区，烤蚂蚁也是一道美食)”及第四段中的“Or,“Swallowitquickly,”asonetraveleradvises.“Istillcan’ttellyouwhatroastedantstastelike.”(或者，像一位旅行者建议的那样，“快快吞下去”。“我还是说不出烤蚂蚁是什么味道。”)”可知，这位旅行者去过哥伦比亚，因为烤蚂蚁是哥伦比亚部分地区的食物。故选D。8．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Canyourefusesuchfoodwithoutbeingrude?Mostexperiencedbusinesstravelerssayno.Youshouldatleasttryabitofit.(你能不粗鲁地拒绝这样的食物吗？大多数有经验的商务旅行者说不。你至少应该尝一点)”可知，当在国外被提供奇怪的食物时，你应该至少尝一尝。故选D。9．推理判断题。通读全文及最后一段中“Anotherusefulpieceofadviceisthis:It’sbetterifyoudon’tknowwhatyouareeating.(另一个有用的建议是：如果你不知道你正在吃什么会更好)”可推知，本文的目的是介绍一些关于在国外如何处理被提供奇怪食物的实用建议。故选B。10．推理判断题。通读全文及第二段中的“That’swhymostexperiencedtravelerstrytoeateverythingeverywhere,eventhoughthedishlooksstrange.(这就是为什么大多数有经验的旅行者会到处尝试吃所有的东西，即使这道菜看起来很奇怪)”及第四段中的“Canyourefusesuchfoodwithoutbeingrude?Mostexperiencedbusinesstravelerssayno.Youshouldatleasttryabitofit.(你能不粗鲁地拒绝这样的食物吗？大多数有经验的商务旅行者说不。你至少应该尝一点)”可知，文章主要介绍了一些关于在国外如何处理被提供奇怪食物的实用建议。由此推知，最有可能对这篇文章感兴趣的经常出差在外面就餐的商人。故选A。BManyofusaremorelikelytopraisesomeonewithlowself-esteem(自尊心)thansomeonewithhighself-esteembecausewethinktheirneedforpositivecommentsisgreater.However,itisfoundthatcompliments(夸奖)mightnotbenefitpeoplewithlowself-esteematall,andcanevenmakethemfeeluncomfortable.Inonestudy,collegestudentswithlowself-esteemshowedastrongerpreferenceforkeepingtheircurrentroommateifthatroommateviewedthemnegatively,thaniftheirroommatesawthemmorepositively.Whydidtheypreferthecompanyofapersonwhoregardedthempoorly?Theansweristhatpeopleactivelyseektoconfirm(证实，确认)theirownviewsofthemselves,whetherthosearepositiveornegative.Whenourself-esteemislow,positivecommentsbecomedifficultforustoabsorbbecauseitgoesagainstourexistingself-beliefs.Andifwebelievewe’reincapableofsuccess,receivingpraiseabouthowcapablewearecanfeellikeaset-upforfuturedisappointment.Theresistancepeoplewithlowself-esteemhavetocomplimentscanbeespeciallyobviouswhenthepraisecomesfromtheirpartners.Givingpeoplewithlowself-esteempraiseaboutbeingconsiderate(体贴的)wasenoughtomakethemfeelmoreinsecure(不安全的)abouttheirpartnersandevenviewtheirentirerelationshipmorenegatively.Praisewillmakethembecomemoredistantandwithdrawn(孤立的),astheyhopeunconsciouslytolowertheirpartner’sexpectationsbydoingso.Theconnectionbetweenlowself-esteemandaresistancetocomplimentsshouldnotbeover-explained.Peoplewithlowself-esteemareoftenuncomfortablereceivingcomplimentsbutnoteveryonewhoisuncomfortablereceivingcomplimentsnecessarilyhaslowself-esteem.Forexample,itismuchmoreacceptabletopraisechildreninsomeculturesthaninothersanditismuchmoreacceptabletoexpresspositiveregardtoadultsinsomeculturesthaninothers.Thebottomlineis:givethoughttothelistenerwhenyouvoiceacomplimentandconsiderwhetheryoushouldexpressitatallifyoususpecttheirself-esteemislow.11．Whatdoweknowaboutpeoplewithlowself-esteem?A．Theytendtofeellonelyinagroup. B．Theyneedgreaterpositivecomments.C．Theyareoftenunwillingtopraiseothers. D．Theyoftendon’tliketobepraised.12．Whenourself-esteemislow,weoftenjudgeothers’commentsaccordingto________.A．whethertheyarepositiveornot B．whethertheymakeusappearuniqueC．whethertheyagreewithourself-beliefs D．whethertheycanimproveourself-confidence13．Howdopeoplewithlowself-esteemrespondtocomplimentsfromtheirpartners?A．Theybecomeclosertotheirpartners.B．Theyreactnegativelytotheirpartners’praise.C．Theyfeelmoresecureabouttheirrelation.D．Theytrytodobettertomeettheirpartners’expectations.14．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．Childrenneedmorecomplimentsthancriticism.B．Receivingcriticismmakespeoplemoreconfident.C．Adultsfeelmorecomfortablereceivingcompliments.D．Praisecanbeinfluencedbyculturalbackground.15．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Whatmakessomepeoplehatecompliments? B．Howtopraisepeopleinarightway?C．Whatcanwelearnfromothers’compliments? D．Howtohelppeopleovercomelowself-esteem?【答案】11．D12．C13．B14．D15．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了低自尊者常抗拒夸奖，因赞美与其自我认知冲突，反致不适；文化差异也会影响赞美的接受度，所以建议夸奖别人前应先考量对方自尊水平与文化背景。11．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,itisfoundthatcompliments(夸奖)mightnotbenefitpeoplewithlowself-esteematall,andcanevenmakethemfeeluncomfortable.(然而，研究发现，赞美可能对自卑的人一点好处也没有，甚至会让他们感到不舒服。)”可知，夸奖低自尊的人有可能会使他们不舒服，他们并不愿意被人赞美。故选D项。12．推理判断题。根据第二段“Whenourself-esteemislow,positivecommentsbecomedifficultforustoabsorbbecauseitgoesagainstourexistingself-beliefs.Andifwebelievewe’reincapableofsuccess,receivingpraiseabouthowcapablewearecanfeellikeaset-upforfuturedisappointment.(当我们的自尊不高时，积极的评论对我们来说很难接受，因为它违背了我们现有的自我信念。如果我们认为自己没有能力成功，那么接受别人对我们有能力的赞扬就像是为未来的失望埋下了陷阱。)”可知，假如我们是低自尊这样的情况，我们会看对方的赞美是否与我们自己的自我认知一致。故选C项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Givingpeoplewithlowself-esteempraiseaboutbeingconsiderate(体贴的)wasenoughtomakethemfeelmoreinsecure(不安全的)abouttheirpartnersandevenviewtheirentirerelationshipmorenegatively.Praisewillmakethembecomemoredistantandwithdrawn(孤立的),astheyhopeunconsciouslytolowertheirpartner’sexpectationsbydoingso.(表扬那些自尊心低的人体贴，足以让他们对自己的同伴感到更不安全，甚至更消极地看待他们的整个关系。赞美会让他们变得更加疏远和孤僻，因为他们希望无意识地通过这样做来降低同伴的期望。)”可知，低自尊的人对自己同伴的赞美是抗拒的，会消极看待他们的赞美。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Peoplewithlowself-esteemareoftenuncomfortablereceivingcomplimentsbutnoteveryonewhoisuncomfortablereceivingcomplimentsnecessarilyhaslowself-esteem.Forexample,itismuchmoreacceptabletopraisechildreninsomeculturesthaninothersanditismuchmoreacceptabletoexpresspositiveregardtoadultsinsomeculturesthaninothers.(低自尊的人通常不愿意接受赞美，但并不是每个不愿意接受赞美的人都是低自尊的人。例如，在一些文化中，赞美孩子比其他文化更容易被接受，在一些文化中，对成年人表达积极的尊重比其他文化更容易被接受。)”可知，人们对赞美的接受程度受文化背景的影响。故选D项。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Manyofusaremorelikelytopraisesomeonewithlowself-esteem(自尊心)thansomeonewithhighself-esteembecausewethinktheirneedforpositivecommentsisgreater.However,itisfoundthatcompliments(夸奖)mightnotbenefitpeoplewithlowself-esteematall,andcanevenmakethemfeeluncomfortable.Inonestudy,collegestudentswithlowself-esteemshowedastrongerpreferenceforkeepingtheircurrentroommateifthatroommateviewedthemnegatively,thaniftheirroommatesawthemmorepositively.(比起自尊心强的人，我们中的许多人更有可能赞美自尊心弱的人，因为我们认为自尊心弱的人更需要积极的评价。然而，研究发现，赞美可能对自卑的人一点好处也没有，甚至会让他们感到不舒服。在一项研究中，低自尊的大学生表现出更强烈的倾向，如果他们现在的室友对他们持消极态度，而不是他们的室友对他们持积极态度。)”及第四段“Forexample,itismuchmoreacceptabletopraisechildreninsomeculturesthaninothersanditismuchmoreacceptabletoexpresspositiveregardtoadultsinsomeculturesthaninothers.(例如，在一些文化中，赞美孩子比其他文化更容易被接受，在一些文化中，对成年人表达积极的尊重比其他文化更容易被接受。)”可知，本文主要讲并不是所有人都喜欢被赞美或夸奖，并解释了哪些因素导致人们讨厌别人的赞美，例如被赞美者的自尊程度和自我认知，此外文化背景也会对此有影响。故选A项。第二节阅读短文。从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?Itwaseasyforyourmindtowanderifyouweren’tinterestedinwhatyouwerelearning.16,butunderstandinghowtodoitandknowingwhatisdistracting(使分心)youcanhelp.Scientistshavelookedatwhatmakesusdelayandfoundanumberofwaystohelpusstayinthezone.Oneofthemostobviousthingsisremovingnoise.17!Italsofoundturningoffnoticesonyourphone,orswitchingitoffaltogetherhelpsusfocusonthetaskathand.18.AttentionresearcherNilliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskmorevisually(视觉上)demanding(要求高的)takesupmoreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.19.Therearemorepracticaltipstokeepingyourmindfocused.Theseincludemakingalistortimetableofthetasksyouhavetodo,findingaworkspacewhereyoucanfocusonwhatyouaredoing,orchewingsomegum(口香糖)!20.A．ResearchfoundsilenceisbestforconcentrationB．So,keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswerC．StayingfocusedcanstillbeachallengeinadultlifeD．MaybethemovementinyourmouthcanpreventdistractionsinthebrainE．Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspan(注意力短暂)isbraintraining【答案】16．C17．A18．E19．B20．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些保持专注的方法和技巧。16．根据前文“Whenyouwereatschool,wereyouevertoldtostopdaydreamingandconcentrate?Itwaseasyforyourmindtowanderifyouweren’tinterestedinwhatyouwerelearning.(当你在学校的时候，有没有人告诉你不要做白日梦，要集中精神？如果你对所学的东西不感兴趣，你的思维很容易走神。)”可知，此处描述在学校中会遇到无法集中精神，走神的问题。C选项“Stayingfocusedcanstillbeachallengeinadultlife(在成年人的生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战)”承接前文，指出不仅学生会有无法集中精神的问题，对成年人来说，保持专注仍然是一个挑战，保持话题一致。故选C。17．根据前文“Oneofthemostobviousthingsisremovingnoise.(最明显的一件事就是去除噪音。)”可知，此处强调噪音是导致人走神的一个重要原因。A选项“Researchfoundsilenceisbestforconcentration(研究发现，寂静最有利于集中注意力)”强调寂静是最有利于集中精力，与前文提出的去处噪音呼应，符合语境。故选A。18．根据后文“AttentionresearcherNilliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskmorevisually(视觉上)demanding(要求高的)takesupmoreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.(伦敦大学学院的注意力研究人员NilliLavie发现，让一项任务对视觉的要求更高，会消耗更多的处理能力，让大脑无法处理分心的事情。)”可知，此处强调的是提升注意力的方法是让大脑在短时间内处理视觉要求更高的任务，让大脑无法处理分心的事情。E选项“Anotherpossiblecureforashortattentionspan(注意力短暂)isbraintraining(另一种治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练)”概括本段段旨，指出另一种治疗注意力持续时间短的方法是大脑训练，引起下文。故选E。19．根据前文“AttentionresearcherNilliLavieofUniversityCollegeLondonhasfoundthatmakingataskmorevisually(视觉上)demanding(要求高的)takesupmoreprocessingpowerandleavesthebrainnothinglefttoprocessdistractions.(伦敦大学学院的注意力研究人员NilliLavie发现，让一项任务对视觉的要求更高，会消耗更多的处理能力，让大脑无法处理分心的事情。)”可知，此处强调的是提升注意力的方法是让大脑在短时间内处理视觉要求更高的任务即让大脑忙碌起来，让大脑无法处理分心的事情。B选项“So,keepingyourmindbusymightbetheanswer(所以，让你的大脑忙碌起来可能是答案)”承接前文，让大脑忙碌起来则不会让大脑分心，更加有助于提高注意力。故选B。20．根据前文“Theseincludemakingalistortimetableofthetasksyouhavetodo,findingaworkspacewhereyoucanfocusonwhatyouaredoing,orchewingsomegum(口香糖)!(这些方法包括列出你必须完成的任务的清单或时间表，找一个可以专注于你正在做的事情的工作空间，或者嚼口香糖)”可知，此处建议可以通过嚼口香糖的方法保持注意力。D选项“Maybethemovementinyourmouthcanpreventdistractionsinthebrain(也许你嘴里的动作可以防止大脑分心)”中的“口腔里的动作”指代前文的“嚼口香糖”，形成呼应。故选D。III．完形填空（共15小题，每小题3分，共45分）阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。Learninganotherlanguagebecomesincreasinglypopulartoday.Ithelpspeopleunderstandacultureanditspeople.21,languagelearningisnevereasy.Sometimeswefeeldiscouragedbythe22oflearning.RecallingmydaysoflearningChinese,I’dliketosaythateverymoment23.I’dbeenlearningChinesefor5monthsbutitseemedtobe24.ItjustfeltlikeIwastheonlyonefacingthis25fight.EveryoneinmyChineseclassseemedtohaveagood26ofthelanguageexceptme.Iwasalwaysafraidofmakingmistakes,and27wheneverItriedtospeakChinese.WhydidIhavetobesuchaslow28?IknowthatChineseiscompletely29fromEnglish.Englishhasanalphabetwhereeachletterisasoundandthelettersarecombinedtoformwords.Character-basedChinese,however,forcesmetolearnatotallynewwriting30.“Evenmistakeshelpyougrow.”MyChineseteachersensedmy31.Shetoldmenottobeso32onmyself.“Learningalanguage33timeandpractice.Aslongasyouarebravetospeak,you’llmemorizenewwordsandphrases.Thenwithpractice,yourpronunciationwillimprove,too.”Practicemakesperfect.NowI’m34enoughtospeakChinese,thoughit’s35Chinesenowandthen.ButIknowlearningthisnewskillwillopendoorstomanyopportunities.21．A．However B．Therefore C．Instead D．Then22．A．intentions B．struggles C．assumptions D．features23．A．settles B．behaves C．suits D．matters24．A．goingnowhere B．windingup C．comingacross D．burningout25．A．downtown B．in-depth C．uphill D．outdoor26．A．habit B．understanding C．look D．fear27．A．hadbutterfliesinmystomach B．hadafroginmythroat C．pulledupmysocks D．jumpedinwithbothfeet28．A．volunteer B．reminder C．learner D．graduate29．A．hidden B．free C．safe D．different30．A．style B．system C．tradition D．schedule31．A．anxiety B．impression C．confidence D．misadventure32．A．dependent B．impressed C．hard D．focused33．A．contains B．delivers C．strengthens D．requires34．A．qualified B．intelligent C．courageous D．responsible35．A．informal B．broken C．sharp D．respectable【答案】21．A22．B23．D24．A25．C26．B27．A28．C29．D30．B31．A32．C33．D34．C35．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者学习中文时遭遇困难而沮丧，在老师鼓励下勇敢练习，最终有所收获的经历。21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，语言学习从来都不轻松。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Instead相反；D.Then然后。根据前文“Ithelpspeopleunderstandacultureanditspeople”与后文“languagelearningisnevereasy”可知，两者为转折关系。故选A项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时我们会因学习的艰难而感到沮丧。A.intentions意图；B.struggles艰难，挣扎；C.assumptions假设；D.features特征。根据前文“languagelearningisnevereasy”可知，学习语言并非易事，我们在学习过程中会因为遇到的困难而感到沮丧。故选B项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回忆我学习中文的日子，我想说每一刻都很重要。A.settles解决；B.behaves表现；C.suits适合；D.matters重要。根据后文Evenmistakeshelpyougrow.”可知，学习过程的每一刻（包括犯错误的那些时刻），都很重要。故选D项。24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我已经学了五个月中文，但似乎毫无进展。A.goingnowhere毫无进展；B.windingup结束；C.comingacross偶然遇到；D.burningout耗尽精力。根据后文“EveryoneinmyChineseclassseemedtohaveagood____6____ofthelanguageexceptme.”可知，其他同学学得都很好，只有我学不好，可以推断此处作者感觉自己的汉语学习好像毫无进展。故选A项。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉只有我一个人在进行这场艰难的斗争。A.downtown市中心的；B.in-depth深入的；C.uphill艰难的；D.outdoor户外的。根据前文“butitseemedtobe____4____.”及后文“EveryoneinmyChineseclassseemedtohaveagood____6____ofthelanguageexceptme.”可知，作者学习汉语的过程是非常艰难的。故选C项。26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了我之外，中文班里的每个人似乎都对这门语言有很好的理解。A.habit习惯；B.understanding理解；C.look样子；D.fear恐惧。根据前文“ItjustfeltlikeIwastheonlyonefacingthis____5____fight.”可知，作者感觉自己没有汉语班的其他同学那份对汉语的理解力。故选B项。27．考查固定短语辨析。句意：我总是害怕犯错，每次尝试说中文时都紧张不安。A.hadbutterfliesinmystomach紧张不安；B.hadafroginmythroat说不出话；C.pulledupmysocks振作起来；D.jumpedinwithbothfeet全身心投入。根据前文“Iwasalwaysafraidofmakingmistakes”可知，因为害怕犯错误，我每次说汉语，心情都十分紧张。故选A项。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么我非得是这么慢的学习者呢？A.volunteer志愿者；B.reminder提醒物；C.learner学习者；D.graduate毕业生。根据前文“RecallingmydaysoflearningChinese”以及全文围绕作者学习中文展开可知，作者十分沮丧，认为自己学得慢。故选C项。29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道中文和英文完全不同。A.hidden隐藏的；B.free自由的；C.safe安全的；D.different不同的。根据后文“Englishhasanalphabetwhereeachletterisasoundandthelettersarecombinedtoformwords.Character-basedChinese,however,forcesmetolearnatotallynewwriting____10____.”可知，英文有字母表，中文以汉字为基础，由此可知，汉语和英语完全不同。故选D项。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，以汉字为基础的中文迫使我学习一种全新的书写系统。A.style风格；B.system系统；C.tradition传统；D.schedule日程。根据前文“Character-basedChinese,however”可知，汉语与英语完全不同，我不得不学习一套全新的书写体系。故选B项。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的中文老师察觉到了我的焦虑。A.anxiety焦虑；B.impression印象；C.confidence自信；D.misadventure不幸遭遇。根据前文“Iwasalwaysafraidofmakingmistakes,and____7____wheneverItriedtospeakChinese.”可知，作者害怕犯错、说话紧张，由此可知，此处体现作者的焦虑。故选A项。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我不要对自己太苛刻。A.dependent依赖的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.hard严厉的；D.focused专注的。根据前文““Evenmistakeshelpyougrow.”MyChineseteachersensedmy____11____.”可知，老师察觉到作者对汉语学习表现出来的焦虑，告诉他不要对自己太苛刻。故选C项。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习一门语言需要时间和练习。A.contains包含；B.delivers交付；C.strengthens加强；D.requires需要。根据后文“Aslongasyouarebravetospeak,you’llmemorizenewwordsandphrases.Thenwithpractice,yourpronunciationwillimprove,too.”可知，老师鼓励作者勇敢说、多练习就会进步，由此可知，学习离不开时间和练习。故选D项。34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我足够勇敢地说中文了，尽管偶尔会说不流利。A.qualified合格的；B.intelligent聪明的；C.courageous勇敢的；D.responsible负责任的。根据前文“Aslongasyouarebravetospeak,you’llmemorizenewwordsandphrases.”可知，老师鼓励作者勇敢地说，由此可知，作者现在有勇气开口说汉语了。故选C项。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我足够勇敢地说中文了，尽管偶尔会说不流利。A.informal非正式的；B.broken不流利的；C.sharp锋利的；D.respectable值得尊敬的。根据前文“ButIknowlearningthisnewskillwillopendoorstomanyopportunities.”可知，作者曾学习困难，虽现在敢说，但结合学习波折，仍有不流利情况。故选B项。IV．语法填空（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworld36(experience)itshottestyearsincerecordsbegan.Areportsaideverymonthinthepast12monthsbroketemperaturerecords.Everymonthwasmorethan1.5℃37(warm)thanpre-industrialaverages(平均值).The12-monthextremeheat38(affect)byElNiño(厄尔尼诺)whichlastedfromJune2023toMay2024inpart.But39researcherfromCopernicusClimateChangeServicesaidthereportalsoshowedalargeandcontinuingchangeinclimatechange.Hewarned:“Wearecertain40(see)newrecordsbeingbrokenastheclimatecontinuestowarm.Thisisgoingtohappenforsure,unlesswestop41(put)greenhousegasesintotheair.”Scientistssaythatanewtime42we’llhavemoredisastersbecauseoftheheatisbeginning.Inthepastyear,Earthwas1.64℃hotterthaninpre-industrialtimes.IntheUSA,LasVegasbroke43(it)all-timeheatrecord—thetemperaturetherereachedaterrible48.9℃.Scientistsconsiderglobalwarmingof2℃abovepre-industrialaveragetemperaturesanimportantpoint—warmingbeyondthis44(great)increasesthepossibilityofclimatebreakdown.ClimatescientistAditisaidthisshowedEarthis45risk.【答案】36．hasexperienced37．warmer38．wasaffected39．a40．tosee41．putting42．when43．its44．greatly45．at【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出全球气温连续12个月打破历史高温记录，极端高温与厄尔尼诺现象及持续的气候变化有关，科学家警告若不停止排放温室气体，高温灾难将成常态。36．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：世界经历了有记录以来最热的一年。空处作句子的谓语，结合“sincerecordsbegan”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作持续到现在，且主语Theworld是单数，助动词应用has。故填hasexperienced。37．考查比较级。句意：每个月都比工业化前的平均水平高出1.5摄氏度以上。空处作表语，结合空后的“thanpre-industrialaverages”可知，这里是作比较，应用warm“温暖的”的比较级形式。故填warmer。38．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这场持续12个月的极端高温部分受到2023年6月至2024年5月厄尔尼诺现象的影响。空处作句子的谓语，结合“whichlastedfromJune2023to