专题04 考前必背阅读词汇归纳及对点精练（知识清单江苏专用）（原卷版）

3/3专题04考前必背阅读词汇归纳及对点精练知识点1文娱体育类词汇与文娱相关的词汇1.amusementn.娱乐2.audiencen.听众，观众3.instrumentn.乐器4.programmen.节目；方案5.applaudv.鼓掌欢迎6.preparev.准备7.performv.表演；履行8.hitn.（演出等）成功9.concertn.音乐会10.enthusiasticadj.热情的11.perfectadj.完美的，极好的12.presentadj.出现的，出席的13.refreshv.使恢复精力14.worthwhileadj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等）15.brilliantadj.巧妙的，使人印象深刻的；技艺高的16.haveagreatpassionfor对……有极大的热情17.takepartin/participatein参加18.haveagift/talentfor对……有天赋19.preferAtoB比起B更喜欢A20.getintoshape/buildupone'sbody强身健体21.competefor/against为/与……竞争22.setanewrecord刷新纪录23.compare…with/to…把……和……比较24.cultivateone'spatience培养某人的耐心与体育相关的词汇1.awardv.授予，奖励n.奖状2.judgen.裁判员v.评判3.selectv.挑选，选拔4.championn.冠军5.medaln.奖牌6.organizev.组织7.defeatv.击败，战胜8.competitorn.竞赛者9.delayv.&n.延期10.eventn.事件，大事11.cheerv.&n.欢呼，喝彩12.cancelv.取消13.tournamentn.锦标赛14.reputationn.名誉，名声15.athleticadj.健壮的，体育运动的16.aclosegame一场势均力敌的比赛17.contributeto促成，造成18.goallout全力以赴19.signup报名；签约20.ingoodform状态好21.makeahit流行22.cooperatewith与……合作23.physicalexercise体育锻炼24.strengthenfriendship增进友谊知识点2人文历史类词汇1.culturen.文化2.culturaladj.文化的3.ancientadj.古代的4.ceremonyn.庆典5.customn.习惯；习俗6.templen.寺庙7.historyn.历史8.adoptv.采用9.compassn.罗盘10.respectv.尊敬11.existv.存在12.monumentn.纪念碑，纪念馆13.prayv.祈祷14.remindv.提醒，使记起15.beliefn.信仰；信念16.ancestorn.祖先17.heritagen.遗产18.preservev.保护1.attendaceremony出席仪式2.followacustom遵循习俗3.datebackto/datefrom追溯到4.comeintobeing/existence出现5.thePalaceMuseum/theForbiddenCity紫禁城6.passdownfromgenerationtogeneration一代代传下来7.BeijingOpera京剧8.paper-cutting剪纸9.theGreatWall长城10.Mid-AutumnDay中秋节11.theSummerPalace颐和园12.spreadChineseculture传播中国文化13.inmemoryof纪念14.culturalrelics文物15.makeanimpressionon…给……深刻印象知识点3文化节日类词汇与文化相关的词汇1.traditionn.传统，风俗2.customn.风俗，习俗3.symboln.象征4.treatv.款待；对待5.representv.代表；象征6.ceremonyn.典礼，仪式；礼节7.formaladj.正式的8.exchangen.&v.交流；交换9.ancientadj.古代的10.arousev.唤醒；引起；激发11.diverseadj.不同的，形形色色的12.widespreadadj.分布广的13.familyreunion家庭团聚14.bearoundthecorner/beapproaching临近，靠近15.dressup打扮；装饰16.datebackto/from追溯到，始于，自……至今17.inmemoryof纪念18.holdavarietyofactivities举办各种各样的活动19.experiencediverseChineseculture体验多元的中国文化20.followacustom遵循习俗21.inhonourof为了纪念；向……表示敬意与节日相关的词汇1.festivaln.节日2.hostv.主办，主持n.主人；主办国；节目主持人3.hostessn.女主人；女主持人4.decorationn.装饰；装饰品5.decoratev.装饰6.gatherv.聚集7.celebrate/observev.庆祝8.harvestn.收割；收获v.收割9.invitationn.邀请；请帖10.adequateadj.足够的11.lunaradj.月亮的；阴历的12.get-togethern.（非正式的）聚会，联欢会11.beconsidered/regardedas被认为是12.leaveadeepimpressiononsb.给某人留下深刻印象13.haveagreateffecton对……有很大的影响14.passdown使世代相传，流传15.receiveluckymoney收红包16.enjoythefullmoontogether一起欣赏满月17.celebrateananniversary庆祝周年纪念日18.spreadChineseculture传播中国文化19.haveabetterunderstandingof对……有更好的理解知识点4突出贡献类的人物词汇1．geniusn．天才；天资；天赋2．creativeadj.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的3．gentleadj.温柔的；文静的4．extraordinaryadj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的5．standoutn．突出的人(或物)6．remarkableadj.非凡的；显著的7．acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢8．theoryn．理论；学说9．patentn．专利；专利证书adj.有专利的；受专利保护的10．publishvt.出版，发行；发表；公布11．professorn．教授12．devicen．方法；技巧；装置；仪器13．wisdomn．才智；明智；智慧，知识，学问14．outspokenadj.直率的；直言的15．experimentn．实验，试验vi.做试验，进行实验16．datan．数据，资料，材料17．commitvt.做出(错事或非法的事)；承诺vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitmentn．投入；奉献；承诺18．academyn．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会academicadj.学业的；学术的19．evaluatevt.评价；评估evaluationn．评价；评估20．scientificadj.科学(上)的；关于科学的sciencen．科学scientistn．科学家21．conclusionn．结论；推论concludevt.断定；推断出22．contributevi.&vt.有助于，促成，贡献，投稿contributionn．捐款；贡献；捐赠23．curiousadj.好奇的，求知欲强的curiosityn．好奇心；求知欲24．intendvi.&vt.想要，计划；意指intentionn．打算25．applyvt.&vi.应用；申请applicationn．申请；应用applicantn．申请人26．intelligentadj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的intelligencen．才智27．beneficialadj.有益的，有用的benefitn．益处vt.对……有益处28．succeedindoingsth成功地做某事29．takeitforgranted想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然30．putforward提出；提议；建议31．doctoraten．博士学位32．artemisininn．[药]青蒿素33．crucialadj.至关重要的；关键性的34．malarian．疟疾35．vitaladj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的36．respectfuladj.有礼貌的；恭敬的；殷勤的37．authorityn．权威；权力；官方38．instituten．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑39．encountervt.偶然碰到；遇到n．邂逅；遭遇40．illustratevt.说明，解释；加插图于illustrationn．图解，图示41．declarevt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报declarationn．宣称；公布，宣布42．insiston坚决要求43．sumup总结；概括44．referto查阅，参考；提到，谈及45．speedup(使)加速46．peculiarityn．个性；特点，怪异的性质47．competentadj.能胜任的48．diligentadj.勤奋的49．straightforwardadj.坦率的50．thoughtfuladj.考虑周到的51．persistentadj.坚持的，不屈不挠的；持续不断的52．physiologyn．生理学；生理机能53．intellectualadj.脑力的；有才智的n．知识分子，脑力劳动者54．qualificationn．资格55．accurateadj.准确的；精准的56．advocatevt.拥护；提倡；主张57．ambitionn．雄心；野心58．artificialadj.人工的；人造的59．throughtrialanderror反复试验60．haveapassionfor对……有强烈的爱好知识点5公益事业和志愿服务类词汇1．charityn．慈善组织，慈善机构；慈善事业2．sponsorn．赞助者vt.赞助3．raisevt.提高；筹集4．grab(grabbed，grabbed)v．抓住；攫取n．抓取；抢夺5．membershipn．会员身份；全体会员；会员人数6．sheltern．庇护；避难所vt.保护；使掩蔽vi.躲避，避难7．entryn．加入；进入；参与8．humanisticadj.人文主义的humanityn．人性；人道；(统称)人类9．influentialadj.有很大影响力的influencen．影响vt.影响；对……起作用10．beworthyof值得11．takechargeof负责12．befacedwith面对，面临13．docharitablework做慈善工作14．handout分发；施舍15．non-profitorganization非营利组织16．contributev．贡献；捐献；投稿contributionn．贡献17．donatev．捐赠；赠送18．offerv．(主动)提供19．operationn．操作；运转；经营；企业；手术20．platformn．[C]平台；讲台；戏台；站台21．privilegen．特权，优待，优惠22．purchasen．购买；购买的物品vt.买；购买；换得23．securityn．安全；保护措施；安全工作；担保24．servev．服务，服役servicen．服务25．volunteern．[C]志愿者；自愿者vt.&vi.自愿(做某事)；主动建议voluntaryadj.志愿的；自愿的26．participatein参与，参加27．inneed在困难中；在危急中28．getthrough完成；接通电话；顺利通过29．makeadifference有影响；起(重要)作用30．rid...of...使……免除；使……摆脱31．schemen．方案；计划32．reputationn．名誉；名声33．easevi.&vt.使(宽慰)；减轻；缓解n．容易；舒适；自在34．reliableadj.可信赖的，可靠的35．nervousadj.神经的；紧张不安的36．faithfuladj.忠实的，忠诚的37．concernedadj.有关的；关心的38．cooperativeadj.合作的；合作性的39．inreturn作为报答40．allofasudden突然，猛地41．introuble处于不幸中；处于困难中42．comeacross偶遇；无意中发现43．givesbahand/dosbafavor帮某人一个忙44．inplace在适当的位置；适当45．helpsbtoone’sfeet帮助某人站起身来46．eliminatevt.消除，排除47．endeavourv．&n．努力；尽力48．endowvt.捐赠；资助49．enhancevt.增强；提高50．enterprisen．事业，规划51．exertvt.努力；尽力52．formulan．方案；公式53．forumn．论坛；讨论会54．fulfilvt.履行；实现55．grantv．同意，准予n．拨款56．hospitalityn．好客57．impactn．影响v．对……有影响58．incredibleadj.难以置信的59．inheritvt.继承60．giveaway赠送一、根据语境写出单词的汉语意思（一）写出下列句子中perform的含义1．Lastmonth,anEnglishfestivalwasheldinourschool,andourclassperformedasong.2．Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot.3．Youshouldperformyourpromisenomatterwhathappens.4．In1844theyboughtitfor$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheirmarriageceremonyin1842.（二）写出下列句子中hit的含义5．Thetanksexplodedastheplanehittheground.6．Theregion'seconomywilltakeahitiftheairbaseisclosed.7．IthitmethatthiswasalessonIcoulddrawfrom.Ilearnedsomethingaboutmyselfinthatmoment.8．Thebombfailedtohititstarget.9．WhenIfirstheardthesongIknewitwouldbeahit.（三）判断下列句子中adopt/adapt的含义10．Tohisparents’satisfaction,headoptedapositiveattitudetostudyandlife.11．Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.12．Afterafewmonths,theorphancametoadapttohisnewlife.13．Thefilmisadaptedfromabookwrittenbyafamouswomanwriter.二、单句语法填空1．Asteadyjobandagrowingsavingsaccountgiveherthefinancial(secure)sheneedstoplanforthefuture.2．Ourschoolmadea(donate)of12,000yuantothechildrenintheflood-strickenarea,expectingthatitcouldhelpthemgetthroughthedifficulty.3．Parentsaredeeply(concern)abouttheirchildren’smentalhealthinteenageyears.4．HesaidhehadfaithhelpingtheforeignguestslearnaboutChina’sdiversecustoms.5．Differentteachersmakedifferent(contribute)toastudent’sgrowth.6．Usingemojiscanaddhumourandfeeling,keepingone’s(intend)clear.7．Duetothecompany’sexcellentreputation,alargenumberof(apply)arewaitingfortheinterview.8．Her(ambitious)istobecomeanartistaftergraduation.三、选词填空A．reflect

B．flexibility

C．instantly

D．wrinkles

E.attained

F.paceG.symbolize

H.aggressive

I.continuously

J.motivation

K.refreshed1．Afterforty,manypeoplegetaroundtheireyes.2．Weneedaforeignpolicythatshowsmore.3．Theathletessuccessthroughhardworkandwereawardedmedals.4．Dogscanbeifprovoked.5．Hiswassostrongthatwedoubtedhecouldfail.6．Afterashoweratthehotel,travellersfelt.7．Justforamoment—Iswhatyouplantobuywhatyoureallyneed?8．Milkpowdermeltswhenputintothewater.9．Dovespeace.10．Experiencedteachersareabletokeepaproperofthelessontheydeliver.四、阅读理解AHaveyoueverreceivedagiftandwantedtosendathank-younote,butdidn’tknowwhattowrite?Don’tworry!Writingathank-younoteiseasyandfun.Justfollowthesesimplesteps.Step1:Startwithagreeting.Write“Dear[Person’sName],”.Step2:Saythankyouclearly.Startyourmessagebysaying“Thankyousomuchforthe[gift].”Ifitwasanactofkindness,youcansay“Thankyouforyourhelp.”Step3:Adddetails.Thisisthemostimportantpart.Tellthepersonwhyyoulikethegiftorhowyouwilluseit.Forexample,“Ilovethebook!Ihavealreadystartedreadingit.”Or,“Thescarfissowarmandperfectforwinter.”Step4:Looktothefuture.Youcanwritesomethingaboutthenexttimeyouwillmeet.Forexample,“Ican’twaittoseeyouatthepartynextweek.”Step5:Endpolitely.Closeyournotewithafriendlyendinglike“Yours,”or“Withlove,”andthensignyourname.Athank-younotedoesn’tneedtobelong.Afewsinceresentencescanmakethepersonwhogaveyouthegiftfeelveryhappyandappreciated.1．Whoisthispassagewrittenfor?A．Peoplewholovewritingletters.B．Peoplewhodon’tknowhowtowriteathank-younote.C．Peoplewhosellgifts.D．Peoplewhoreceivetoomanygifts.2．Whatshouldyoudorightafterthegreeting?A．Saythankyouforthegift. B．Tellastoryaboutyourself.C．Askabouttheperson’shealth. D．Describetheweather.3．Accordingtothepassage,whichstepisthemostimportant?A．Step1. B．Step2. C．Step3. D．Step4.4．Whatisthemainpurposeofathank-younote?A．Toshowoffyourwritingskills. B．Tomakethegift-giverfeelappreciated.C．Toaskforanothergift. D．TopracticeyourEnglish.BItallstartedwhenthen16-year-oldBoyanSlatwasscubadiving(水肺潜水)inGreeceandwassurprisedtoseemoreplasticthanfish.Thequestion“Whydon’twejustcleanitup?”stayedinhismind,andledhimtodevotehishighschoolscienceprojecttounderstandingtheproblem.Afterayearofexperimenting,Boyancameupwiththeideatousetheoceancurrentstohisadvantage,andletthembethedrivingforcebehindcatchingandcollectingtheplastic.Insteadofgoingaftertheplastic,youcouldlettheplasticcometoyou.Initially,hisideadidnotgainattention.HedecidedtoquithisstudiesandfoundedTheOceanCleanup,withjust300eurosofsavingsasastartingcapital.ThenonenightinMarch2013,thingschanged.HespokeonTEDxaboutthisproject.TheTEDxvideospreadtohundredsofthousandsofpeople.Inamatterofdays,aninitialteamwasbuilt,anditraisedthefirstUSD90,000.Theprojecttookoff.Theirearlymodelshadtheirshareoffailures—plasticslippingthrough,partsbreakingoffintheocean.Buttheykeptatit.In2019,System001/Bfinallyworked.ThencameSystem002,whichin2021gathered20,000poundsofoceanwaste.NowtheylaunchedtheInterceptor:asolar-poweredsystemdesignedtocatchplasticinriversbeforeitreachestheocean.Sofar,InterceptorshavebeenusedinIndonesia,Malaysia,theDominicanRepublic,andLosAngeles—withmoreontheway.BoyanSlat’sjourneyisapowerfulreminderthatinnovation,passion,anddeterminationcanleadtosignificantchange.Hisworktocleanuptheoceanshasmadealastingimpactontheworldandservesasaninspirationforotherstotakeactiononenvironmentalissues.5．WhatinspiredBoyanSlattodealwithplasticproblems?A．Ahighschoolscienceproject. B．Anunpleasantdivingexperience.C．Acleanupresearchprogram. D．Anexperimentofoceancurrents.6．WhatisBoyan’sideaoftheoceancleanup?A．Catchingplasticsbyscubadivers. B．Breakingdownplasticsinthesea.C．Trappingtrashusingoceancurrents. D．Goingafterplasticswithmachines.7．WhatwastheturningpointoftheTheOceanCleanup?A．Thedonated300eurostotheproject. B．Boyan’spresentationinaTEDxvideo.C．ThesuccessfullaunchingofInterceptor. D．Boyan’sdecisiontodropoutofschool.8．WhatcanbelearnedfromBoyanSlat’sstory?A．Betterlatethannever. B．AllroadsleadtoRome.C．Agoodbeginningishalfdone. D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.CInrecentyears,China’sexpressdeliveryindustryhasexperiencedremarkablegrowth.Thisservicehasbecomeanessentialpartofdailylifeformillionsofpeople.Itoperatesthroughawell-organizedsystemthatmovespackagesfromsellerstobuyersefficiently.Bothurbanandruralresidentsnowenjoyequalaccesstogoodsfromalloverthecountrythroughthisnetwork.Thedeliveryprocessbeginswhenacustomerplacesanorder.Thesellerthenpreparestheitemforshipmentbypackingitsecurely.Adeliveryworkercollectsthepackageandtransportsittoanearbyprocessingcenter,whereworkersandmachinesorganizetheparcelsbasedontheirfinaladdresses.Thiscarefulorganizationensuresthateachpackagereachestherightcityandneighborhood.Moderntechnologyplaysacrucialroleinmakingdeliveryservicesefficient.Companiesemployadvancedsystemstomonitorpackagesthroughouttheirjourney.Customersreceivespecialnumbersthatletthemfollowtheirpackage’sprogressonline.Inmajorprocessingcenters,automatedequipmentcanprocesshugequantitiesofparcelsdaily.Thesetechnologicalsolutionshelpmaintainreliableservicestandards.Theexpressdeliveryindustryprovidessignificantadvantagestothecommunity.Itenablesonlineshoppingplatformstofunctionsmoothly,givingpeopleaccesstonumerousproducts.Thesectoralsoemploysmanypeopleasdeliveryworkersandwarehousestaff.Additionally,ithelpsbusinessesinlessdevelopedregionsreachcustomersinmajorurbancenters,promotingbalancedeconomicdevelopmentacrossdifferentareas.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“essential”inthefirstparagraphmean?A．unnecessary B．difficult C．important D．expensive10．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheprocessingcenter?A．Topacktheitems B．TotakeordersfromcustomersC．Toarrangepackagesbydestination D．Tohelpcustomerstrackpackages11．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Technologyreducesservicequality.B．Technologyimprovesdeliveryefficiency.C．Packagesareeasilytracedoffline.D．Automatedequipmentcanlowerthepackagingcost.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．HowtoShopOnline B．TheDevelopmentofChineseTechnologyC．China’sExpressDeliverySystem D．FindingJobsinDeliveryServicesDThephilosopherAristotlesaid,“Wishingtobefriendsisquickwork,butfriendshipisaslowripening(成熟)fruit.”Friendshipisimportantforhumans,butittakestimetodevelopafriendship.Friendshipcanbeneglectedeasily.AccordingtotheGallupOrganization’sdirector,TomRath,weusuallyrealizethevalueoffriendshipduringdifficulttimes.Inhisbook,VitalFriends:ThePeopleYouCan’tAffordToLiveWithout,Rathmakesthepointthatifyouaskpeoplewhytheybecomehomeless,whytheirmarriagefailsorwhytheyovereat,theyoftensayitisbecauseofthepoorqualityoffriendship.Theyfeelunloved.Rathundertookalotofstudyonfriendship.Hisworkresultedinsomesurprisingstatistics(统计数据):Ifyourbestfriendeatshealthily,youarefivetimesmorelikelytohaveahealthydiet.Marriedpeoplesayfriendshipismorethanfivetimesasimportantasphysicalintimacy(亲密关系)withinmarriage.Thosewhosaytheyhavenorealfriendsatworkhaveonlyaone-in-twelvechanceoffeelingengagedintheirjob.Onthecontrary,ifyouhavea“bestfriendatwork”,youareseventimesmorelikelytofeelengagedinyourjob.BritishwriterMarkVernonfoundsupportforthisidea.OscarWildealsosupportedtheselflessaspectoftruefriendshipwhenhesaid,“Anybodycanfeelsorryforthesufferingsofafriend,butitneedsaveryfinenaturetoenjoyafriend’ssuccess.”Inhissearchfortheessence(本质)offriendship,Vernonexploredalotofwordsfromwell-knownpeople.Forexample,RalphEmersonsaid,“AfriendisapersonwithwhomImaybesincere.”Vernon’sbook,ThePhilosophyofFriendship,makesthepointthatwehavenowknownthatmoneydoesnotbuyhappiness.HesuggeststhatwelearnfromAristotleandspendatleastafifthofourtimewithourfriends.13．Aristotle’swordsarementionedinParagraph1toshow_______.A．friendshipgetsbrokeneasily.B．friendshipcannotbecreatedquickly.C．friendshiphaspositiveinfluencesonhumans.D．friendshipnormallydoesn’texistbetweenmenandwomen.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“neglected”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．ignored. B．misunderstood.C．remembered. D．cheated.15．AccordingtoTomRath,manypeople’sproblemsarecausedby________.A．thebadhealthconditions.B．thefriendshipofpoorquality.C．thebadworkenvironment.D．thestressfromtheirfamily.16．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Thebenefitsoffriendship. B．Thetipsonchoosingfriends.C．Theimportanceoffriendship. D．Thedifferentopinionsonfriendship.五、完形填空Atmylastcheck-up,thedoctormentionedthatmybloodpressurewasalittlehigh—notdangerous,buthigherthanbefore.Ratherthanputmeonmedication,thedoctor1thatIpurposelyrelaxeveryday.Ihadneverput“purposelyrelax”onmydailyschedule,butIdecidedtotryit2.Iconsideredvariousrelaxation3—meditation,yoga,deep-breathingexercises,butdecidedonsomethingmore4:Iboughtahammock(吊床).I5agoodsiteinthebackyardforthehammock.Itriedseveraltimestofindtheperfect6tocomfortablylieinthehammockwithouttippingover(倾倒).Ifoundmyselfreadinganovel,enjoyingthecoolshade,andtakinganap.MycatJasperjoinedme,andhissudden7causedthehammocktosway(摇晃)likea(n)8instormyseas.Iquicklyheldtheedgestosteadymyself.Oncewe9rocking,bothJasperandIrelaxed.AsIlaytherewithmybookandmycat,gentlyswayinginthelightwind,I10thathammocksaremuchlikelife.Theyteachyouto11balance,relax,andletgototrulyenjoyyoursel