湖南省名校联盟联考高三上学期11月月考英语试题

绝密☆启用前2026届高三11月质量检测英语本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用0.5mm的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillBenarriveattherestaurant?A.At8:30p.m.B.At8:00p.m.CAt7:30p.m.,2.Whatwillhappentothecitycentre?A.Feweraccidents.B.Morepollution.C.Moretrafficjams.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Bycreditcard.B.Bycheck.C.Incash.4.Whatisthewomanplainingabout?A.Theslowservice，B.Thebadtasteoffish.C.Thecoldenvironment.5.Wherearetheygoingprobably?A.Toagasstation.B.Toarestaurant.C.Toatheatre.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatkindofsoupwilltheymake?A.Sweetandsour.BSpicy.C.Salty.7.Wherewillthewomangetlemonjuice?A.Fromthemarket.B.Fromthekitchen.C.Fromhermum’shouse.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoesthemanwanttogotocollege?A.InHongKong.B.InShanghai.C.InBeijing.9.WhatdoesLilywanttomajorin?A.Finance.B.puterscience.C.Medicine.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WheredidChristinaandherhusbandlivebefore?A.Washington.B.Nebraska.C.Texas.11.WhatdoesBrycedoforaliving?A.Ateacher.B.Abanker.C.Adesigner.12.WhatdoesChristinaliketodoinhersparetime?A.Makefurniture.B.Paint.C.Bakingcookies.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howmanyplacesdidtheyvisitduringthetrip?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.14.Whatdidthemanlikeinthemuseum?A.Ancientpaintings.B.Classicstamps.C.Oldclocks.15.Whendidtheygotothechurch?A.Inthemorning.B.Afterlunch.C.Intheevening.16.WhydidthemanfailtobuythebookaboutDurham?A.Becauseitwastooexpensive.B.Becauseitwasn’tinteresting.C.Becausehedidn’thaveenoughtime.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatwilltheorganizationfocusoninTexasforthefirstfewdays?A.Searchingforthepeopleinthemostneed.B.Collectingthereactionfromthepeopleinneed.C.Feedingfirstrespondersandsearchandrescueteams.18.Whatcanwesayabouttheorganization?A.Itishelpful.B.Ithaslimitedresources.C.Itfacesfewchallenges.19.WhatdidHaysthinkoftheirwork?A.Demanding.B.Satisfying.C.Boring.20.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.ThedamageofHurricaneBeryl.B.TheestablishmentofOperationBBQRelief.C.ThereliefworkofOperationBBQReliefinTexas.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHere’salookattheprettiestsmalltownsinScotlandyoucanbaseyourselfin.AnstrutherAtriptothispicturesquefishingvillagewouldnotbepletewithoutvisitingtheAnstrutherFishBar—andyes,that’safishandchipshop.It’swonbagsofawardsforitstastyfoodandhasservedthelikesofRobertDeNiro,TomHanks,andPrinceWilliam.AnotherawardwinningplaceintownistheScottishFisheriesMuseum,whereyoucanlearnabouttheScottishfishingindustryfromprehistorytopresentday.KelsoJustastone’sthrowfromtheEnglishborderandfullofhistoricalandarchitecturalinterest,Kelsocametolifewhentheconstructionofitsabbey(修道院)wasgivenpermissionin1138.Almostathousandyearslater,theruinsofKelsoAbbeyarestillingoodshape.FloorsCastle,whichwasbuiltin1721,ismorerecent.Theoutsideofthisbigcastleisamazing,buttheinsidehasbeautifultapestries(挂毯)onthewalls.TobermoryThecolourfulshopsandrestaurantsofTobermoryontheIsleofMullarefamousforbeingfeaturedonchildren’stelevisionshowBalamory,amongotherthings.Youcanseewhy:theylookincrediblypicturesqueagainstthegreentrees,glassyblackwaterandgreysky.LinlithgowTheancienttownofLinlithgow,withitshistoricHighStreet,featuresaveryfamouslandmark:LinlithgowPalace.PossiblyScotland’sfinestexampleoflatemedieval(中世纪的)architecture,it’sthebirthplaceofJamesVandMary,QueenofScotsandissurroundedbyascenicstretchofparklandknownlocallyas“thePeel”.TothesouthoftownisapartoftheGlasgowEdinburghUnionCanal.1.WhatmakestheAnstrutherFishBarspecial?A.Ithasanabbey. B.Ithaswonmanyawards.CIt’sacastlelikeplace. D.Itfeaturesmedievalarchitecture.2.WhyaretheshopsandrestaurantsinTobermorywellknown?A.Theyhavecolourfuldecorations. B.Theyaresurroundedwithgreentrees.C.Theyappearedonachildren’sTVshow. D.Theyhaveservedalotofcelebrities.3.WhichofthefollowingwitnessedthebirthofJamesVandMary,QueenofScots?A.LinlithgowPalace. B.KelsoAbbey.C.TheIsleofMull. D.TheScottishFisheriesMuseum.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了苏格兰四座最美小镇——Anstruther、Kelso、Tobermory和Linlithgow——的迷人之处。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据介绍Anstruther的句子“AtriptothispicturesquefishingvillagewouldnotbepletewithoutvisitingtheAnstrutherFishBar——andyes,that’safishandchipshop.It’swonbagsofawardsforitstastyfoodandhasservedthelikesofRobertDeNiro,TomHanks,andPrinceWilliam.(到这个风景如画的渔村旅行，如果不去AnstrutherFishBar，那就不完整了——是的，那是一家炸鱼薯条店。它因其美味的食物赢得了无数奖项，并为罗伯特·德尼罗、汤姆·汉克斯和威廉王子等人提供服务。)”可知，AnstrutherFishBar因多次获奖而特别。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据介绍Tobermory的句子“ThecolourfulshopsandrestaurantsofTobermoryontheIsleofMullarefamousforbeingfeaturedonchildren’stelevisionshowBalamory,amongotherthings.(马尔岛上的Tobermory的色彩缤纷的商店和餐馆因儿童电视节目《Balamory》等而闻名。)”可知，Tobermory的商店和餐馆因儿童电视节目《Balamory》而闻名。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据介绍Linlithgow的句子“TheancienttownofLinlithgow,withitshistoricHighStreet,featuresaveryfamouslandmark:LinlithgowPalace.PossiblyScotland’sfinestexampleoflatemedieval(中世纪的)architecture,it’sthebirthplaceofJamesVandMary,QueenofScotsandissurroundedbyascenicstretchofparklandknownlocallyas“thePeel”.(Linlithgow古镇有着历史悠久的商业街，这里有一个非常著名的地标：LinlithgowPalace。可能是苏格兰中世纪晚期建筑的最佳典范，是詹姆斯五世和苏格兰女王玛丽的出生地，周围是一片风景优美的绿地，当地人称之为“皮尔”。)”可知，LinlithgowPalace见证了詹姆斯五世和苏格兰女王玛丽的出生。故选A项。BLikemanypeopleIknow,IdecidedaboutamonthagotogetanewiPhone.MyoldiPhone’sfancyfeatureswerenowweakandbarelyworking.Itsbatterywasajoke.IwentofftotheVerizonstore.Imadeanappointmentandwastolditwouldbequick.Butitwasn’tquickatall.Thesalesrepresentative’sexplanationofpricingandplanslastedlongerthanmanyofmylectures.Itwas10timesashardtofollow.Iplacedmyorderanyway.Threedayslater,whenIwentbacktotradeinmyold,slowphoneforthenewone,thedatatransfer(传输)thatwassupposedtotake60minutestookoverthreehours.ThenIspentdayssendingtextmessagesandemailstothesalesrepresentativetofixalltheproblems.Ah,theparadoxes(矛盾)ofprogress.Moreconveniencesalsobringmoreandmoreinconveniences.Youmustdownloadthis.Youmustuploadthat.Youmusttakeaphoto.Youmustchangethissettingandthenthatsetting,andhaveyouupdatedtheapp?Updatetheapp!Becausethenyou’llbeabletocustomizeyourexperienceevenfurther,providedyouhavethetimeandpatiencetoeducateyourselfontheinfinitecustomizations.Yes,I’mold,andyoungerpeoplearebetteratusingallthedifferentpartsofourwirelesstechnology.Oldpeopleandtechnologygotogetherlikepeanutbutterandsardines(沙丁鱼)—theyjustdon’tmatchwell.Butit’salsotruethatpeoplefromallgenerations—babyboomers,GenX,millennials,andGenZ—allstrugglewithlotsofthingslikeinputs,outputs,passwords,QRcodes,andremindersthatdidn’texist25yearsago.Thosetechannoyancesacpanyinnovationsthatundeniablystreamlinearangeofexperiences—callingaride,plottingaroute,buyingamovieorconcertticket,checkinginforaflight—toadegreethatIwouldn’tbefoolishenoughtowishaway.Buttheinnovationsseldomliveupfullytotheirpromisesofeaseandspeed,andtheyintroduceplicationsandimperfectionsalltheirown.4.WhydidtheauthordecidetobuyanewiPhone?AHeneededanewphoneforwork.B.Hewasinfluencedbyfriendstoupgrade.C.HisoldiPhonehadfailingfeaturesandapoorbattery.D.HewasofferedaspecialdiscountattheVerizonstore.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sexperienceattheVerizonstore?A.Enjoyableanduserfriendly. B.Quickbutdisappointing.C.Confusingandtimeconsuming. D.Necessarybutboring.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofmoderntechnology?A.Itmakeslifesimplerbutalsomoreplicated. B.Itismainlybeneficialtoyoungergenerations.C.Ithasremovedmanyinconveniences. D.Itistooexpensiveformostpeople.7.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthorfromthelastparagraph?A.Heispletelysatisfiedwithtechnologicalinnovations.B.Hewishesthesetechnologicalinnovationswilldisappear.C.Hebelievestechnologicalinnovationsbringmoreproblemsthansolutions.D.Heacknowledgesthebenefitsoftechnologybutalsohighlightsitslimitations.【答案】4C5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者通过自己的经历论述了技术进步给生活带来便利的同时，也让生活更加复杂。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“MyoldiPhone’sfancyfeatureswerenowweakandbarelyworking.Itsbatterywasajoke.(我那部旧iPhone的精彩功能现在很弱，几乎不能用了。它的电池是个笑话)”可知，作者的旧手机功能失效、电池糟糕，所以决定买一部新手机。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Imadeanappointmentandwastolditwouldbequick.Butitwasn’tquickatall.Thesalesrepresentative’sexplanationofpricingandplanslastedlongerthanmanyofmylectures.Itwas10timesashardtofollow.(我预约了，他们告诉我很快就能搞定。但它一点也不快。销售代表对价格和计划的解释比我的许多讲座都要长。要跟上它要困难十倍)”可知，作者在Verizon商店的经历过程冗长，且销售员的解释难懂。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。第四段首句“Moreconveniencesalsobringmoreandmoreinconveniences.(更多的便利也带来越来越多的不便)”明确作者的核心观点，下文“Youmustdownloadthis.Youmustuploadthat.,Youmusttakeaphoto.Youmustchangethissettingandthenthatsetting,andhaveyouupdatedtheapp?Updatetheapp!Becausethenyou’llbeabletocustomizeyourexperienceevenfurther,providedyouhavethetimeandpatiencetoeducateyourselfontheinfinitecustomizations.(必须这个。你必须上传。你必须拍张照片。你必须更改这个设置，然后更改那个设置，你更新应用程序了吗？更新应用程序！因为这样你就可以进一步定制你的体验，只要你有时间和耐心来自学无限的定制)”列举、设置、更新等繁琐操作，强调需时间与耐心才能体验技术的进步。由此推知，作者认为现代科技使生活更简单，但也更复杂。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thosetechannoyancesacpanyinnovationsthatundeniablystreamlinearangeofexperiences—callingaride,plottingaroute,buyingamovieorconcertticket,checkinginforaflight—toadegreethatIwouldn’tbefoolishenoughtowishaway.Buttheinnovationsseldomliveupfullytotheirpromisesofeaseandspeed,andtheyintroduceplicationsandimperfectionsalltheirown.(这些技术上的烦恼伴随着创新，这些创新无疑简化了一系列体验——叫车、规划路线、购买电影或音乐会门票、办理航班登机手续——达到了我不会愚蠢到希望消失的程度。但是，这些创新很少能完全实现它们承诺的简单和快速，而且它们自己也带来了复杂性和缺陷)”可推知，作者先是承认技术优势，如它简化了一系列体验，接着指出其局限性，即它们很少能完全实现它们承诺的简单和快速，而且它们自己也带来了复杂性和缺陷，故选D。C“Beingshoutedatbytheirparentsreshapeschildren’sbrainsandmakesthemmorelikelytohavementalillhealthandstruggletomaintainfriendships,”membersofParliament(议会)weretoldbyexperts.Verbal(言语的)abusebyadultscanleavechildrenunabletoenjoypleasureandseeingtheworldasthreatening,expertsinchilddevelopmentandmentalhealthtoldameetingatWestminster.“Aschildrenwebelievewhatwearetold,deeplyfoldingthewordsofadultsintoourunderstandingofourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Whenthosewordsaremean,disrespectful,ormakesomeonefeelbad,theycanaffectapersonfortheirwholelife,”saidProfEamonMcCrory,aclinicalpsychologist.Scans(扫描)ofchildren’sbrainshaveshownthat“sustainedexposuretoabuse,includingverbalabuse,leadstosignificantbiologicalalterationsinthebrain’sstructureandfunction”,McCrorysaid.Itcanchangeboththe“threats”and“rewards”circuitsinachild’sbrain,whichplayakeyroleinhelpingthemtounderstandanddealwiththeworldandalsoinbuildingandmaintainingrelationships.McCroryandotherleadingexpertswillwarnpeoplefromvariouspoliticalpartiesthatverbalabuseofchildrenbyparents,teachersandactivityleadersduringtheirearlyyearsiswidespreadand“themostmonformofchildmaltreatment”.TheWorldHealthOrganisationviewsemotionalabuse,includingverbalabuse,asakeyformofmaltreatmentofandviolenceagainstchildren.Twoinfivechildren(41%)intheUKaresubjectedtoverbalabusesomeofthetimeorregularly,accordingtoaresearchstudyin2023.Themeetingwithparliamentarians,organisedbythecharityWordsMatter,ispartofaneffortto“bringverbalabuseoutoftheshadowsandgiveitthesameattentionasotherformsofmaltreatment”,saidProfPeterFonagy,theheadofthedivisionofpsychologyandlanguagesciencesatUCL.JessicaBondy,thefounderofWordsMatter,urgedministerstoact.“Ifthegovernmenttrulywantsthehealthiestgenerationinhistory,tacklingverbalabusemustbeeacorepartofthenationalmentalhealthstrategy,”shesaid.8.Whateffectdoesverbalabusehaveonchildren?A.Itimprovestheirsocialskills. B.Itmakesthemmoreviolent.C.Itcausespotentialmentalhealthproblems. D.Ithelpsthemunderstandtheworldbetter.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alterations”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Repairs. B.Changes. C.Improvements. D.Discoveries.10.WhatisthemainpurposeofthemeetingorganisedbythecharityWordsMatter?A.Toraiseawarenessofverbalabuse. B.Toencouragetheuseofproperlanguage.C.Toaddressthedrawbacksofverbalabuse. D.Totackletheissueofmentalmaltreatment.11.Whatistheexperts’collectiveattitudetoverbalabuse?A.Ithasnolinktolongtermgrowth. B.Itisunavoidableinchilddevelopment.C.Itisaminorissueparedtoothermaltreatment. D.Itshouldbeprioritizedinmentalhealthproblems.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要论述了专家向议会指出，父母对孩子的言语虐待会重塑儿童大脑结构，导致心理健康问题并影响社交能力，呼吁将其纳入国家心理健康战略重点。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段““Beingshoutedatbytheirparentsreshapeschildren’sbrainsandmakesthemmorelikelytohavementalillhealthandstruggletomaintainfriendships,”membersofParliament(议会)weretoldbyexperts.Verbal(言语的)abusebyadultscanleavechildrenunabletoenjoypleasureandseeingtheworldasthreatening,expertsinchilddevelopmentandmentalhealthtoldameetingatWestminster.(专家告诉议员：“被父母大喊大叫会重塑孩子的大脑，使他们更有可能患上精神疾病，难以维持友谊。”。儿童发展和心理健康专家在威斯敏斯特的一次会议上表示，成年人的言语虐待会使儿童无法享受快乐，并将世界视为威胁。)”可知，言语虐待会造成孩子们潜在的心理健康问题。故选C。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Itcanchangeboththe“threats”and“rewards”circuitsinachild’sbrain,whichplayakeyroleinhelpingthemtounderstandanddealwiththeworldandalsoinbuildingandmaintainingrelationships.(它可以改变孩子大脑中的“威胁”和“奖励”回路，这在帮助他们理解和应对世界以及建立和维护关系方面发挥着关键作用。)”可知，持续遭受虐待，包括言语虐待会改变孩子的大脑，故可推测alterations的意思为“改变”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Themeetingwithparliamentarians,organisedbythecharityWordsMatter,ispartofaneffortto“bringverbalabuseoutoftheshadowsandgiveitthesameattentionasotherformsofmaltreatment”,saidProfPeterFonagy,theheadofthedivisionofpsychologyandlanguagesciencesatUCL.(伦敦大学学院心理学和语言科学系主任彼得·福纳吉教授表示，由慈善机构WordsMatter组织的与议员的会议是“将言语虐待从阴影中带出来，并给予其与其他形式的虐待同等关注”努力的一部分。)”可知，由慈善机构WordsMatter组织的会议的主要目的是让人们关注言语虐待，也就是说提高对言语虐待的认识。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“McCroryandotherleadingexpertswillwarnpeoplefromvariouspoliticalpartiesthatverbalabuseofchildrenbyparents,teachersandactivityleadersduringtheirearlyyearsiswidespreadand“themostmonformofchildmaltreatment”.(麦克罗里和其他主要专家将警告各政党的人们，父母、教师和活动负责人在儿童早期对其进行言语虐待是普遍存在的，是“最常见的虐待儿童形式”。)”及最后一段“ JessicaBondy,thefounderofWordsMatter,urgedministerstoact.“Ifthegovernmenttrulywantsthehealthiestgenerationinhistory,tacklingverbalabusemustbeeacorepartofthenationalmentalhealthstrategy,”shesaid.(WordsMatter的创始人杰西卡·邦迪敦促部长们采取行动。她说：“如果政府真的想要历史上最健康的一代人，那么解决言语虐待问题必须成为国家心理健康战略的核心部分。”。)”再结合全文可知，专家们认为言语虐待普遍存在，危害孩子们的心理健康，要重视其存在，由此可推测，专家们对言语虐待的集体态度是其应在心理健康问题中被优先考虑。故选D。DArecentstudyonmountaingorillas(大猩猩)offersvaluableinsightsintohowsocialbondsimpacthealthandsurvival.Researchersfoundthatthestrengthofsocialconnectionsintheseanimalsaffectstheirwellbeing,buttheresultsvarybasedongroupsize,sex,andotherfactors.Thestudy,conductedbytheDianFosseyGorillaFundanduniversitiesintheUKandSwitzerland,exploredhowthesociallivesof164wildgorillasinfluencetheirhealthandfitnessovertime.Thisresearchcontributestounderstandinghowthesocialenvironmentcanshapeananimal’sdevelopment,behaviour,andsurvival.Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,usedlongtermdatafrommountaingorillaslivinginVolcanoesNationalPark,Rwanda.Researchersexaminedindividualsocialbondsandthedynamicswithinthelargersocialgroups.Theyfoundthat,forfemales,strongandstablesocialbondsgenerallyledtobetterhealthoutes,withfewerillnesses.However,theoppositewastrueinmales—strongbondswereassociatedwithahigherriskofillness.Surprisingly,thehealthbenefitsofsocialbondsalsodependedongroupsize;Insmallgroups,strongfemalebondsledtofewerillnessesandlowerbirthrates,whileinlargergroups,theoppositeoccurred.Theteamalsodiscoveredthattheseeffectscouldnotbeexplainedmerelybytheindividualgorillas’socialbehaviour.Thebroadersocialgroup,includingitssizeandstability,playedasignificantroleindeterminingthehealthoutes.Forexample,insmallgroups,femaleswithstrongbondshadfewerhealthissuesbutproducedfeweroffspring(后代),whereasinlargergroups,theoppositewastrue.Thisplexityhighlightshowtheenvironmentandsocialstructureinfluenceindividualandgrouphealth.Researchersbelievethatunderstandingthesedynamicsiscrucialforstudyinggorillasandbroaderevolutionary(进化的)biology.Socialbehaviourinhumansandotheranimalsisstronglylinkedtohealthandlifelength,andthefindingsfromthisstudymayprovideinsightsintohowsocialstructuresinfluencewellbeingacrossspecies.12.Howdoresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byobservinggorillasinzoos. B.Byanalyzinglongtermdata.C.Byconductingexperimentsinlabs. D.Byinterviewinggorillaexperts.13.Whatistheimpactofstrongsocialbondsonfemalegorillasinsmallgroups?A.Lesssickness. B.Higherbirthrates.C.Moresocialconflicts. D.Shortenedlifeexpectancy.14.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GorillasandTheirSocialBehaviourB.WhyGorillaGroupSizeMatters?C.TheHealthBenefitsofSocialBondsD.HowSocialBondsAffectGorillas’HealthandSurvival?15.Whereisthetextmostlikelytakenfrom?A.Afictionnovel. B.Asciencemagazine. C.Atravelbrochure. D.Awildlifeguidebook.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于山地大猩猩的最新研究，揭示社交纽带如何通过群体大小、性别等因素影响其健康与生存。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段句子“Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,usedlongtermdatafrommountaingorillaslivinginVolcanoesNationalPark,Rwanda.(这项发表在《英国皇家学会学报B》上的研究使用了生活在卢旺达火山国家公园的山地大猩猩的长期数据)”可知，研究者通过分析长期野外数据开展研究。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段句子“Insmallgroups,strongfemalebondsledtofewerillnessesandlowerbirthrates,whileinlargergroups,theoppositeoccurred.(在小群体中，强大的雌性纽带导致更少的疾病和更低的出生率，而在大群体中，情况正好相反)”可知，在小群体里稳固的社交纽带使雌性大猩猩患病率更低。故选A项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。通过全文内容，特别是文章第一句“Arecentstudyonmountaingorillasoffersvaluableinsightsintohowsocialbondsimpacthealthandsurvival.(最近一项关于山地大猩猩的研究为社会关系如何影响健康和生存提供了有价值的见解)”可知，文章通篇阐述社交纽带如何通过群体大小、性别等因素影响大猩猩的健康与生存，因此最佳标题应概括这一核心内容。所以D项“HowSocialBondsAffectGorillas’HealthandSurvival?(社会关系如何影响大猩猩的健康和生存？)”作为本文的标题，与文章主题相符合。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。本文涉及科学研究过程(如数据来源、期刊发表)、专业术语“evolutionarybiology(进化生物学)”及学术价值“crucialforstudyingbroaderevolutionarybiology(对于研究更广泛的进化生物学至关重要)”，根据这些可推断文章最可能摘自科普类科学杂志。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。When19yearoldClarisseLeGuernicarrivedinShanghaifromFrancein2015,shewasshyandonlyhadthecouragetoorderasimpleplateofeggfriedriceatalocalrestaurant.____16____.Thoughsmall,thisroutinehelpedherslowlyoverefearandbuildconfidenceinanewlanguageandculture.____17____.Today,at29,LeGuernicisthefounderofArcadeExperiences,aShanghaibasedpanythatoffersimmersive“citywalk”tours—guidedwalksthroughthecity’slesserknownhistoriesandoverlookedcorners.Hertoursattractbothlocalandinternationalparticipants.AbouthalfofherclientsareChinesethankstoherfluencyinMandarin—askillshebegandevelopinginmiddleschool.“IchoseChineseasmysecondforeignlanguage.____18____,”shesaid.“Notmanystudentschoseit,soitfeltlikeacoolsecretlanguage.”AshortstudytriptoChinaduringhighschoolleftadeepimpressiononher.Shelaterreturnedin2015asanexchangestudentatFudanUniversityinShanghaiandmadethecityherpermanenthomein2019.In2020,whentheCOVID19pandemicceasedinternationaltravel,LeGuerniccameupwithanewidea:designedcitywalksforpeoplelivinginShanghai.“____19____,”sheexplained.“Ifocusedonlesserknownspotsoruntoldstorieshiddeninpopularareas.”Overthepastfiveyears,LeGuernichasdevelopedmorethan30originalwalkingroutesthroughextensiveresearch.LeGuernicbelievesShanghaistillhasmanyuntoldstories.“WhenIfirstarrived,everythingwasunfamiliar.Afterafewyears,IthoughtIunderstoodthecity,”shesaid.“ButonceIstartedresearchingforthetours,Irealizedhowmuchmorethereistouncover.____20____.”A.ThepossibilitiesfordiscoveryareendlessB.ThatexperienceledtoalargertransformationC.Shebelievestheyarekeytounderstandingthecity’stransformationD.Shealwayschecksforsafepathways,nearbyrestrooms,andreststopsE.ItfeltmagicalpletelydifferentfromotherlanguagesI’dstudiedF.Sincethesevisitorsarealreadyfamiliarwiththecity,IwantedtocreatesomethingdifferentG.Toavoidspeakingmorethannecessary,shestucktothesamedisheverydayforanentiremonth【答案】16G17.B18.E19.F20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，短文讲述了法国女孩克拉丽丝・勒热尼克从2015年初到上海时的害羞状态，逐步成长为专注小众城市漫步体验的创业者的故事。【16题详解】根据前文“shewasshyandonlyhadthecouragetoorderasimpleplateofeggfriedriceatalocalrestaurant.(她很害羞，在当地餐馆里只敢点一份简单的蛋炒饭)”，以及后文“Thoughsmall,thisroutinehelpedherslowlyoverefear(尽管是小事，但这个习惯帮她慢慢克服了恐惧)”可知，此空需补充“这个习惯”的具体内容——为避免多说话而长期点同一道菜。G选项“Toavoidspeakingmorethannecessary,shestucktothesamedisheverydayforanentiremonth.(为了避免说多余的话，她整整一个月每天都点同一道菜)”中，“avoidspeakingmorethannecessary”呼应前文“shy”，“stucktothesamedish”明确“thisroutine”的所指，衔接“害羞点蛋炒饭”与“习惯帮她克服恐惧”的逻辑，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详解】根据前文“Thoughsmall,thisroutinehelpedherslowlyoverefear(尽管是小事，但这个习惯帮她慢慢克服了恐惧)”，以及后文“ Today,at29,LeGuernicisthefounderofArcadeExperiences,aShanghaibasedpanythatoffersimmersive“citywalk”tours—guidedwalksthroughthecity’slesserknownhistoriesandoverlookedcorners.

(如今，29岁的勒盖尔尼克是ArcadeExperiences的创始人，这是一家总部位于上海的公司，提供沉浸式的“城市漫步”导览服务——带领人们深入探索这座城市鲜为人知的历史和被忽视的角落。)”可知，此空需承接“小习惯带来的小改变”，引出“成为公司创始人”的大转变，体现变化的递进。B选项“Thatexperienceledtoalargertransformation.(那次经历带来了更大的转变)”中，“Thatexperience”指代前文“每天点蛋炒饭、克服恐惧”的经历，“largertransformation”直接衔接后文“成为创始人”的人生转变，符合“小改变到大蜕变”的叙事逻辑。故选B项。【18题详解】根据前文“IchoseChineseasmysecondforeignlanguage.(我选择中文作为第二外语)”，以及后文“Notmanystudentschoseit,soitfeltlikeacoolsecretlanguage.(没多少学生选，所以它感觉像一门很酷的秘密语言)”可知，此空需说明“选择中文”的原因——中文给她的特别感受。E选项“ItfeltmagicalpletelydifferentfromotherlanguagesI’dstudied.(它感觉很奇妙——和我学过的其他语言完全不同)”中，“It”指代“Chinese”，“magical”“pletelydifferent”解释了“选择中文”的核心原因，与后文“coolsecretlanguage”呼应，体现中文在她心中的独特性，符合语境。故选E项。【19题详解】根据前文“In2020,whentheCOVID19pandemicceasedinternationaltravel,LeGuerniccameupwithanewidea:designedcitywalksforpeoplelivinginShanghai.(2020年，当新冠疫情中断了国际旅行时，勒盖尔尼克萌生了一个新想法：为居住在上海的人们设计城市漫步路线。)”，以及后文“Ifocusedonlesserknownspotsoruntoldstorieshiddeninpopularareas.(我专注于不太知名的地点或热门区域里不为人知的故事)”可知，此空需解释“为何聚焦小众内容”——因为受众是熟悉上海的本地人，需要与众不同的体验。F选项“Sincethesevisitorsarealreadyfamiliarwiththecity,Iwantedtocreatesomethingdifferent.(由于这些参与者已经熟悉这座城市，我想创造一些不一样的东西)”中，“thesevisitors”指代前文“peoplelivinginShanghai”，“alreadyfamiliarwiththecity”解释了“聚焦小众内容”的原因，“createsomethingdifferent”呼应后文“lesserknownspotsoruntoldstories”，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详解】根据前文“ButonceIstartedresearchingforthetours,Irealizedhowmuchmorethereistouncover.(但一旦开始为漫步活动做研究，我就意识到还有太多东西有待发现)”可知，此空需承接“有太多待发现的内容”，强调“探索的无限可能”。A选项“Thepossibilitiesfordiscoveryareendless.(探索的可能性是无限的)”中，“discovery”呼应前文“uncover”，“endless”进一步强化“还有太多东西可挖掘”的含义，作为结尾句升华“上海有诸多未被讲述的故事”的核心，符合语境。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InVictoria,33yearoldBriannaHurstriskedherownsafetytosavethelivesofthreedrowningstrangers.Theevent____21____nearApolloBayonSundayafternoon.Asthesunnyafternoontookadarkturn,BriannaHurstfoundherself____22____turnedintotheroleofahero.Sittingaloneonthebeach,sheheardthepanicked____23____ofaswimmerwhohadmanagedtoreachtheshore.Withouthesitation,Hurst____24____towardsthewateranddivedin,swimmingtowardsthethreestrugglingmen.“Iwenttotheonethatwas____25____tome,”sherecounted.“Ihadtoswimoutabout20mtogethim.”Notfrightenedbythe____26____,Hurstpulledeachunconscious(昏迷的)mantosafetyonebyone.Witheachrescue,____27____anything,sheriskedherownsafetytobringthetrappedswimmersbacktoshore.“Atfirsttherewerenotmanyotherpeopleonthebeach,butbythetimeIwas____28____thethirdpersonout,theysawwhatwashappeningandcametohelp,”Hurstrecalled.____29____withotherconcernedbeachgoers,HurstperformedCPR(心肺复苏术)until____30____workersarrivedonthescene.Unfortunately,despitetheirbestefforts,oneofthemencouldnot____31____anddiedofthesuffering.However,thequickactionsofBriannaHurstundoubtedlysavedthe____32____oftheothertwomen,aged23and24,whoarecurrently____33____inhospital.ActingSeniorSergeantStephenBull____34____Hurst’scourageousefforts,acknowledgingtheundeniableimpactofherselfless____35____.21.A.fell B.lay C.unfolded D.located22.A.unaffectedly B.unexpectedly C.unconditionally D.undoubtedly23.A.laughter B.whisper C.cheers D.cries24.A.turned B.came C.pointed D.rushed25.A.slowest B.biggest C.closest D.youngest26.A.events B.waves C.strangers D.challenges27.A.settinga