广西壮族自治区来宾市2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广西壮族自治区来宾市2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVirginia’sautumnfoliage(枝叶)appearsinfullforcethismonth.Hereareplacestocatchitall.TidewaterTidewaterareasfeatureforestswithuniquetreessuchasthebaldcypress.Sweetgumtrees,aneasternVirginiaspecies,haveeverysinglecolorononetree.Oneinterestingthingaboutswampy(沼泽的),low-lyingareasintheeasternpartofthestate:theychangeearlierthantraditionalforestsdointhesurroundinglandscape,likelybecausecoldernightsclosertowatersourcesforceanearlierchangeinthosespecies.SouthwestVirginiaThankstoacombinationoftreespecies,highelevation(海拔)andgeographiclocation,thisregionisoneoftheearliesttoshowitsstrikingcolors.Everyyearisalittledifferent,dependingonwhathashappenedoverthesummerintermsofrainfallandheat.ButgenerallyinSouthwestVirginia,thepeak(巅峰状态的)timeofcolorisgoingtostartinthewestandprogresstotheeast.NorthernVirginiaParkssuchasSkyMeadowsStateParkinFauquierCountyandPrinceWilliamForestParkboastanimpressivevarietyoftreetypesthatproduceapictureofcolors.Beechandhickoriesareprettymuchmidseasonstandouts,turningyellowgoldalloverthetree.Thiscontrastswellwithalltheoaks,whichareusuallylateseason;allofthemoftenaregreenwhileeverythingelseisblazing.CentralandSouthsideVirginiaCentralandSouthsideVirginiaaredominatedbydiverseforestsofconiferous(松柏科的)treesthatdonotchangecolor,suchaspinetreesandleaf-droppingtreessuchasoaksandhickories.PocahontasStatePark,southofRichmond,providesnearly8,000acresofall-inclusiveforestthattowersovervisitors,whileHighBridgeTrailStateParkgivesatop-downfoliageview.1.Whatisspecialaboutsweetgumtreesinautumn?A.Theychangecolorsinlateseason.B.Theymaintainoriginalgreencolor.C.Theytakeonagoldenyellowcolor.D.Theydisplaymanycolorsononetree.2.WhyistheautumnfoliagedifferenteachyearinSouthwestVirginia?A.Thehighelevationcausescoldnights.B.Thesummerweatherconditionsvary.C.Thetreespecieschangeseachyear.D.Thewatersourcesaffectthecolor.3.Whichplaceoffersabird’s-eyeviewoftheautumnfoliage?A.SkyMeadowsStatePark. B.PocahontasStatePark.C.PrinceWilliamForestPark. D.HighBridgeTrailStatePark.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍弗吉尼亚州本月秋季枝叶繁茂的景象，并推荐该州不同地区观赏秋叶的好去处及各地区特色。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Tidewater部分中的“Sweetgumtrees,aneasternVirginiaspecies,haveeverysinglecolorononetree.(枫香树是弗吉尼亚州东部的一个树种，一棵树就能呈现出所有颜色。)”可知，枫香树在秋天的特别之处在于单棵树上能展现多种颜色。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据SouthwestVirginia部分中的“Everyyearisalittledifferent,dependingonwhathashappenedoverthesummerintermsofrainfallandheat.(每年的情况都略有不同，这取决于夏季的降雨量和热量情况。)”可知，弗吉尼亚州西南部每年秋叶景象不同，是因为夏季的天气条件存在差异。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据CentralandSouthsideVirginia部分中的“PocahontasStatePark,southofRichmond,providesnearly8,000acresofall-inclusiveforestthattowersovervisitors,whileHighBridgeTrailStateParkgivesatop-downfoliageview.(里士满以南的波卡洪塔斯州立公园拥有近8000英亩包罗万象的森林，这些树木高耸于游客之上；而高桥步道州立公园则能提供自上而下的枝叶景观。)”可知，“top-downview”即“鸟瞰视角”，高桥步道州立公园能让人鸟瞰秋叶。故选D项。BItwasthesummerbeforejunioryear.Iwasawaitressatalittlerestaurant.Mydutieswerestraightforward:Takeorders,deliverfoodandcleantables.Igotreallygoodatmanagingmultipletasks,andhavingalotofresponsibilitiesmadememoreresponsible.Thesevaluesandskillsarewhatnumerousstudiesholdupastheimportantreasonswhyteenagersshouldworkduringthesummer.They’rewhatteachersmentionwhentheyencourageustogetjobs.Idevelopedthoseskills.ButIdon’tthinkthat’sthemainbenefithighschoolstudentsgetfromworking.Somuchhappenedintheinterstitial(空隙的)timeandspacesbetweenourrolesofwaitress,cook,andcustomer.ThisiswhereIthinkthevalueofahighschooljoblies:learninghowtoformcommunitywithpeopleIneverwouldhaveotherwiseknown.Highschoolstudentsspendaboutsevenhoursadayinclasses,thenoftenstayafterwardforschool-sponsoredsportsoractivities.It’snotnecessarilyabadthingtobewrappedupinschool.ButwhatIfindisthatajobcanserveasarelieffromtheacademictasksofhighschool.Ithinkhighschoolstudentsgenerallyattachmoreimportancetohighschooleducationtobeadmittedintocolleges,thusbecomingmoretenseandwillingtoconsumemoretimetostudy.Ialsothinkthatthelackofboredomcomesintoplay.WithphonesandtheInternet,teensneverhavetobeboredagain.Whygetasometimes-boringjobtoeaseboredom?ButthepeopleImetattherestauranttaughtmethatyoucanbecomefriendswiththosedecadesolderthanyouandstrangerswhohavenoneofthesameinterestsorhobbiesasyoudo.Theytaughtmethatyoucanwildlydisagreewithsomeoneandstillrespectthem,stilllearnfromthem,andstilllovethem.4.Whatdoestheauthorvaluemostabouthighschoolstudentsworking?A.Connectingwithvariouspeople.B.Fulfillingteachers’expectations.C.Developingmultitaskingabilities.D.Buildingasenseofresponsibility.5.Howdidtheauthorfindherjobcomparedtoschoollife?A.Itwasequallystressful.B.Itfeltlikeawelcomebreak.C.Ithelpedimprovehergrades.D.Itwasphysicallychallenging.6.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Theacademicperformanceofhighschoolstudents.B.Thewayshighschoolstudentssocializeatschool.C.Thecommonhobbiesamonghighschoolstudents.D.Thereasonsforhighschoolstudentsnotworking.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadviseonhowtorelieveboredom.B.Tostressthedevelopmentofjobskills.C.Tohighlightthebenefitsofstudentjobs.D.Todiscussthepressureofacademictasks.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者通过高中暑期餐厅打工经历，分享高中生工作的核心价值，而非仅强调技能提升。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThisiswhereIthinkthevalueofahighschooljoblies:learninghowtoformcommunitywithpeopleIneverwouldhaveotherwiseknown.(我认为高中工作的价值就在于此：学会如何与那些我原本不可能认识的人建立联系。)”可知，作者认为高中生工作最有价值的地方是能与各种各样的人建立联系。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ButwhatIfindisthatajobcanserveasarelieffromtheacademictasksofhighschool.(但我发现，工作可以缓解高中的学业压力。)”可知，作者认为这份工作相较于学校生活，是一个受欢迎的休息机会。故选B项。【6题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“Ithinkhighschoolstudentsgenerallyattachmoreimportancetohighschooleducationtobeadmittedintocolleges,thusbecomingmoretenseandwillingtoconsumemoretimetostudy.Ialsothinkthatthelackofboredomcomesintoplay.WithphonesandtheInternet,teensneverhavetobeboredagain.Whygetasometimes-boringjobtoeaseboredom?(我认为高中生为了考上大学，通常会更重视高中教育，因此变得更加紧张，也愿意花更多时间学习。我还认为，不再感到无聊也是一个原因。有了手机和互联网，青少年再也不用忍受无聊了。那何必找一份有时很无聊的工作来打发无聊呢？)”可知，该段主要讲述了高中生不工作的两个原因：重视学业和有手机、网络消遣无需应对无聊。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Thesevaluesandskillsarewhatnumerousstudiesholdupastheimportantreasonswhyteenagersshouldworkduringthesummer.They’rewhatteachersmentionwhentheyencourageustogetjobs.Idevelopedthoseskills.ButIdon’tthinkthat’sthemainbenefithighschoolstudentsgetfromworking.(这些价值观与技能，正是众多研究认为青少年应在暑期工作的重要原因。它们也是老师鼓励我们找工作时会提到的点。我确实培养了这些技能，但我认为这并非高中生从工作中获得的主要益处。)”和第三段“Somuchhappenedintheinterstitial(空隙的)timeandspacesbetweenourrolesofwaitress,cook,andcustomer.ThisiswhereIthinkthevalueofahighschooljoblies:learninghowtoformcommunitywithpeopleIneverwouldhaveotherwiseknown.(在服务员、厨师和顾客这些角色之间的空隙时间与空间里，发生了很多事。我认为高中阶段工作的价值就在于此：学会如何与那些原本根本不可能认识的人建立联系。)”可知，文章主要目的是强调学生工作的益处，不仅是技能提升，更有人际交往等方面的收获。故选C项。CMillionsofpeopleinSouthAsiacelebrateHoli.ThefestivalisobservedasanationalholidayinIndia.Thenoisyfestivalseespeopletakepartindiversecelebrationsoftheendofwinterandthevictoryofgoodoverevil.HolihasitsoriginsinIndianmythologyandlegendandsymbolizesatimeofrebirth.Itisnowapowerfuloccasionforharmony,wheremisunderstandingsandconflictsaremomentarilyforgiven.ThetruespiritofHolithrivesonplayfulmischief(淘气)andcollectivejoy.Thestreetsbecomeastageforaplayfulbattle,wheretheonlyruleistojointhechaseandfun.Ifyou’recaughtupintheHolifestivitiesinIndia,youcaneitherstayindoorsorbepreparedforyourclothestoberuined.Acrossthecountry,people,mostlydressedinallwhiteclothes,celebratethefestivalbythrowingpigmentpowder(颜料粉末)ateachother.Children,restingonrooftopsandbalconies,throwwaterballoonsfilledwithcoloredpigmentsatpassers-by.ItisthistraditionthatearnsHolithenameof“theFestivalofColors”.Otherthanafestivalofcolors,othercelebrationsvarysignificantlyfromplacetoplaceinIndia.InMathura,UttarPradesh,womenplayfullychasemenwithstickswhilethemenarenotallowedtofightback,thusgivingthefestivalitsname—LathmarHoli,orStickHoli.InRajasthan,peopletwistwetclothesintoropesandusethemtostrikeothers.InVaranasi,peoplecometothestreetsincrowds,cursing(咒骂)theevilloudlyandfreely.Inruralareas,Holiisevenmorelively,withcelebrationssometimeslastingforoveramonth.InstateslikeBihar,peoplesingsongspraisingspring,throwingmudateachother.InmanypartsofIndia,peoplealsolightlargebonfiresthenightbeforethefestivaltoshowthedestructionofevilandvictoryofgood.Familiesgatheraroundtheflamestosing,danceandmakeaheartfeltwishforthecomingyear.8.WhatdoweknowaboutHoli?A.Itisconsideredasatimetostrengthenrelationships.B.ItscelebrationisexactlythesamethroughoutIndia.C.Touristsareadvisedtokeepawayfromthefestivities.D.ItoriginallycamefromahistoricaleventinRajasthan.9.HowdopeopleacrossIndiamainlycelebrateHoli?A.Bylightinguplargebonfiresatnight. B.Bysingingtraditionalsongs.C.Bythrowingcoloredpowderatothers. D.Bywearingcolorfulclothes.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodoinparagraph3?A.DescribechangesinHoliactivities.B.Explaintheinfluenceofthefestival.C.CompareHolitraditionsofdifferenttimes.D.ListregionaldifferencesofHolitraditions.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHistoryofHoli:FromMythtoNationalHolidayB.Colors,MudandSticks:TheManyFacesofHoliC.BeyondColors:AUniqueCelebrationinRuralHoliD.AColorfulWarning:HowtosurvivetheHoliFestival【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了印度胡里节的起源、意义、庆祝方式以及各地不同的庆祝传统。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itisnowapowerfuloccasionforharmony,wheremisunderstandingsandconflictsaremomentarilyforgiven.(现在，这是一个促进和谐的强大场合，误解和冲突暂时得到原谅。)”可知，Holi被认为是一个加强关系、促进和谐的时刻。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Acrossthecountry,people,mostlydressedinallwhiteclothes,celebratethefestivalbythrowingpigmentpowder(颜料粉末)ateachother.(在全国范围内，人们，大多穿着全白的衣服，通过互相投掷颜料粉末来庆祝这个节日。)”可知，印度各地的人们主要通过互相投掷彩色粉末来庆祝Holi。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。通读第三段，尤其是根据第三段中“Otherthanafestivalofcolors,othercelebrationsvarysignificantlyfromplacetoplaceinIndia.(除了“色彩节”的身份，印度各地的庆祝方式还存在巨大差异。)”可知，作者在第三段中想要列举Holi在不同地区的传统差异。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“MillionsofpeopleinSouthAsiacelebrateHoli.ThefestivalisobservedasanationalholidayinIndia.Thenoisyfestivalseespeopletakepartindiversecelebrationsoftheendofwinterandthevictoryofgoodoverevil.HolihasitsoriginsinIndianmythologyandlegendandsymbolizesatimeofrebirth.Itisnowapowerfuloccasionforharmony,wheremisunderstandingsandconflictsaremomentarilyforgiven.ThetruespiritofHolithrivesonplayfulmischief(淘气)andcollectivejoy.Thestreetsbecomeastageforaplayfulbattle,wheretheonlyruleistojointhechaseandfun.(南亚数百万人都会庆祝Holi。这个节日在印度被定为全国性假日。在这个热闹的节日里，人们会以多种方式庆祝冬季的结束和正义战胜邪恶。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Holi的起源、意义、庆祝方式以及各地不同的庆祝传统，包括色彩、泥土和棍棒等元素。选项B“Colors,MudandSticks:TheManyFacesofHoli(色彩、泥土和棍棒：Holi的多种面貌)”最全面地概括了文章的主题，适合用作标题。故选B。DWhenaplantispressedbysomething,itdoesn’tkeepquiet.Youwon’theartheplant’scrybecauseit’sintheultrasonic(超声波的)range—toohigh-pitchedforhumanears—but,fordecades,scientistshavebeenusingspecialdevicestolisten.Forthefirsttime,ateamofresearchershasdocumentedthatinsectscanhearandinterpretplants’soundpainsignals.Thescientistswantedtoknowiftheseultrasonicsoundswerebeingpickedupbyinsects,sotheyobservedtheEgyptianleafwormmoth(蛾),whichlaysitseggsonplantleaves.Whenthescientistspresentedfemalemothswithachoicebetweenadried-outtomatoplantandafreshone,themothsgatheredtothefreshplant.Theteamwantedtounderstandwhetherthesoundsfromthedried-outplantwereafactorinthemoths’selection.Theresearcherssetanareaconsistingoftwoboxes.Inonebox,theyplayedrecordingsofplants’painsounds,whiletheotherboxwassilent.Intheexperiment,mothsturnedtothenoisybox,andscientiststheorizethatit’sbecausethesoundssuggestedthattheywouldfindalivingplantthere.Thispreferencevanishedwhenthescientistsdeafenedthemoths,leadingtotheconclusionthatmothswerelisteningtotheplantsbeforetheymadetheirchoices.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersagainofferedthefemalemothsaselectionoftwotomatoplants.Thistime,bothplantswerewatered,butonewasnearaspeakerplayingultrasonicstresssounds.Theresultwasthatalmostallthemothspickedthequieterplant.Together,theseexperimentstoldtheresearchersthatthemothswerelisteningtoandrecognizingsoundsmadebyplants,andthattheywereusingthatacoustic(听觉的)informationtomakedecisionsaboutthoseplantsfortheirreproduction.Plantacousticsisanareaofgrowinginterestforscientists,andprimaryworksuggeststhatsound-makingiswidespread.Futureresearchcouldinvestigatetheuseofacousticmonitoringtounderstandhowstressaffectsplanthealthandcouldhelpwithagriculturalpest(害虫)control.12.Whatcaninsectsdoaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Talkwithstressedplants. B.Helpplantsreducestress.C.Understandplants’sounds. D.produceultrasonicsignals.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vanished”inparagraph3mean?A.Strengthened. B.Disappeared. C.Continued. D.Unfolded.14.Whathappenedintheexperimentwithtwowateredplants?A.Mothsavoidedtheplantnearsounds. B.Mothsmadesoundsnearthespeaker.C.Mothscausedtheplantstomakesounds. D.Mothsnolongerchoseplantsthroughsounds.15.Whatmightfutureresearchfocuson?A.Howinsectsmakesoundsignals. B.Whyplantsproducestresssounds.C.Plantsounds’potentialapplicationinfarming. D.Approachesofstoppingplantstomakesounds.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。研究首次证实昆虫（如蛾类）能听见并解读植物受压时的超声波信号，还会据此选择产卵植物，未来研究或应用于农业病虫害防治等领域。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Forthefirsttime,ateamofresearchershasdocumentedthatinsectscanhearandinterpretplants’soundpainsignals.(首次有研究团队证实，昆虫能够听到并解读植物发出的“疼痛”信号)”可知，昆虫能够了解植物发出的声音。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Theresearcherssetanareaconsistingoftwoboxes.Inonebox,theyplayedrecordingsofplants’painsounds,whiletheotherboxwassilent.Intheexperiment,mothsturnedtothenoisybox,andscientiststheorizethatit’sbecausethesoundssuggestedthattheywouldfindalivingplantthere.(研究人员设置了一个由两个盒子组成的区域。在一个盒子里，他们播放了植物疼痛时发出的声音录音，而另一个盒子里则是静音状态。在实验中，飞蛾都趋向于选择有声音的那一个盒子，科学家们推测这是因为这些声音暗示着它们会在那里找到活着的植物)”以及后文“whenthescientistsdeafenedthemoths,leadingtotheconclusionthatmothswerelisteningtotheplantsbeforetheymadetheirchoices(当科学家们将飞蛾弄聋后，得出的结论是：飞蛾在做出选择之前是会倾听植物发出的声音的)”可知，前文说飞蛾会倾向有植物痛苦声音的盒子，后文说“当飞蛾被弄聋后，这种偏好就消失了”，由此可推断“vanished”意为“消失”。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersagainofferedthefemalemothsaselectionoftwotomatoplants.Thistime,bothplantswerewatered,butonewasnearaspeakerplayingultrasonicstresssounds.Theresultwasthatalmostallthemothspickedthequieterplant.(在另一项实验中，研究人员再次为雌性飞蛾提供了两种番茄植株供其选择。这一次，两株植株都得到了浇水处理，但其中一株靠近一个播放超声波压力声的扬声器。结果是，几乎所有的蛾子都选择了较安静的那株植株)”可知，在关于两株浇水过的植物的实验中，飞蛾会避开发出声音的那株植物。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Futureresearchcouldinvestigatetheuseofacousticmonitoringtounderstandhowstressaffectsplanthealthandcouldhelpwithagriculturalpest(害虫)control.(未来的研究可以探索利用声学监测技术来了解压力如何影响植物的健康状况，并且这或许有助于实现农业害虫的防治工作)”可知，未来的研究可能会关注植物声音在农业中的潜在应用。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Perfectionismisoftencharacterizedbythepersistentpursuitofexcellenceandthesettingofexceptionallyhighstandards.Itisapositivequality,especiallyformanyprofessions,sayapilotorabrainsurgeon.____16____.Manymedicalandmentalhealthchallengesarerootedinperfectionism.Herearetipstoeaseuponyourself.Seeyourselfbeyondyourachievements____17____.However,it’snaturaltofeelbadordisappointedwhenfallingshortofyourgoals.Ourvalueisnotdefinedonlybyourexcellentperformance.Weareourrelationships,ourinterestsandourenjoymentoflife.Makeself-compassion(自我同情)easierSelf-compassionisoftendescribedastalkingtoyourselflikeagoodfriend.Self-compassioncanbeonewordoraphrase:“Easy”,“Gentle”,“You’reOK”.Self-compassioncanbeactions:threedeepbreaths,askingforhelportakingabreak.Itcanalsobepermissionnottodoallthethingsyouexpectofyourself.____18____.Tonedown(使······柔和)yourinnercriticThoseofuswhoaimhightakeourcommitmentsandourresponsibilitiesseriously.Thesameattitudecanextendtoourownthoughts.Whenwethink“I’mnotgoodenough”,or“I’mfallingshort”,wetreatthemasfact.Butactually,they’rejustthoughts.____19____.Butthatdoesn’tmeanwehavetotakeeverythoughtseriouslyandliterally.____20____Self-improvementfeelsgood,butresisttheurgetoturnyourleisuretimeintoanotherproject.Youdon’thavetobuildaskill,learnsomethingnew,ordosomethinggoodforyouallthetime.Improvementandpersonaldevelopmentareimportant,butsoarepleasureandenjoyment.A.DaretobeunproductiveB.AllowyourselftoreflectC.Somepeoplenaturallytendtobeself-criticalD.Youdon’thavetoloweryourstandardsorbelessdrivenE.Itcantipoverintounhealthybehaviorifleftunchecked,thoughF.ThiscouldmeanskippingthegymforsleepwhenyouarewornoutG.We’reproudofgoodgrades,anexcellentjobrevieworhittingourworkoutgoals【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.C20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文指出完美主义虽有积极面，但失控会引发健康问题，还给出四个缓解建议：正视自身价值、学会自我同情、缓和自我批评、敢于适度“无所事事”。【16题详析】根据上文“Perfectionismisoftencharacterizedbythepersistentpursuitofexcellenceandthesettingofexceptionallyhighstandards.Itisapositivequality,especiallyformanyprofessions,sayapilotorabrainsurgeon.(完美主义通常表现为对卓越的不懈追求以及设定极高的标准。这是一种积极的品质，尤其对于许多职业而言，比如飞行员或脑外科医生等)”以及后文“Manymedicalandmentalhealthchallengesarerootedinperfectionism.Herearetipstoeaseuponyourself.(许多身体和心理方面的健康问题都源于过度追求完美。以下是一些帮助你放松自己的建议)”可知，前文说完美主义是积极品质，空后转折提到它会引发健康问题，E项“但如果不加约束，它可能会陷入不健康的行为”承上启下，衔接自然。故选E。【17题详析】根据后文“However,it’snaturaltofeelbadordisappointedwhenfallingshortofyourgoals.Ourvalueisnotdefinedonlybyourexcellentperformance.Weareourrelationships,ourinterestsandourenjoymentoflife.(然而，当未能达成目标时，感到沮丧或失望是很正常的。我们的价值并不仅仅由出色的表现来定义。我们的价值在于我们的关系、我们的兴趣以及我们对生活的享受)”可知，空后讲“未达目标时难过很正常”，G项“我们为好成绩、优秀工作评价或达成健身目标而自豪”呼应“成就”，与后文形成转折逻辑。故选G。【18题详析】根据上文“Self-compassionisoftendescribedastalkingtoyourselflikeagoodfriend.Self-compassioncanbeonewordoraphrase:“Easy”,“Gentle”,“You’reOK”.Self-compassioncanbeactions:threedeepbreaths,askingforhelportakingabreak.Itcanalsobepermissionnottodoallthethingsyouexpectofyourself.(自我同情通常被描述为像对待好朋友那样与自己交流。自我同情可以是一个词或一个短语：比如“简单”“温和”“你没问题”。自我同情也可以是行动：做三次深呼吸、寻求帮助或者休息一下。它还可以是允许自己不必去做那些你期望自己完成的事情)”可知，前文举例自我同情的具体做法，F项“这可能意味着疲惫时放弃健身去睡觉”是对“允许自己不做所有期待之事”的具体举例，衔接紧密。故选F。【19题详析】根据后文“Butthatdoesn’tmeanwehavetotakeeverythoughtseriouslyandliterally.(但这并不意味着我们必须对每一个想法都认真地、字面地去对待)”可知，空后围绕“内心批评者”展开，C项“有些人天生倾向于自我批评”引出话题，且与后文“认为‘自己不够好’是想法而非事实”呼应。故选C。【20题详析】根据后文“Self-improvementfeelsgood,butresisttheurgetoturnyourleisuretimeintoanotherproject.Youdon’thavetobuildaskill,learnsomethingnew,ordosomethinggoodforyouallthetime.Improvementandpersonaldevelopmentareimportant,butsoarepleasureandenjoyment.(自我提升的感觉很棒，但要克制住将休闲时间也用于其他事务的冲动。你不必一直去培养一项技能、学习新知识或者做对自己有益的事情。提升自我和进行个人发展固然重要，但快乐和享受也同样重要)”可知，空后强调“不必把闲暇时间变成任务，享受快乐也很重要”，A项“敢于‘无所事事’”概括该段核心，作为段落主旨句最合适。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,JuliCobbwasdrivinghomefromwork.However,hercar____21____gasandstoppedinthemiddleoftheroadnearacrowdedhomelessencampmentundera(n)____22____.Cobbsaid,“Iwassittingthereso____23____andanxious.”Thenamanfromunderthebridge____24____Cobbandofferedassistance.Cobb____25____whathadhappened.Asthesteering(转向装置)was____26____andthecarwouldn’tmoving,themantriedtopushitsingle-handedly.Thentwoothermenranovertohelp.Oneman,carefulnotto____27____Cobb,askedwhetherhecouldreachthroughthewindowtocheckthesteeringcolumn.WithCobb’s____28____,hemanagedtounlockit.Allthewhile,vehiclesswerved(急转弯)aroundtoavoidhittingthem.Atonepoint,thegroupeven____29____alongtractortrailer(挂车)tochangelanes.____30____,thethreemenwereabletomovehercartosafety.Thefirstmanthen____31____togetgaswithhisfuelcanandCobbgavehimsomemoney.Whilehewasgone,oneofthemenstayedbyherside,____32____herthatitwasadangerousplace.Thereweresomepeoplethatwould____33____suchasituation.Cobbneverhadtostepoutofhercar.Beforelong,thefirstmanreturnedwithgasandshewas____34____ofgettingthecarstarted.The____35____ofthethreemenhaslongstayedwithCobb.21.A.ranoutof B.madeuseof C.figuredout D.tookover22.A.agreement B.umbrella C.bridge D.tree23.A.determined B.annoyed C.passionate D.powerless24.A.approached B.rescued C.contacted D.recognized25.A.identified B.described C.witnessed D.expected26.A.designed B.held C.stolen D.locked27.A.mention B.alarm C.ignore D.judge28.A.focus B.test C.permission D.personality29.A.directed B.allowed C.forced D.commanded30.A.Indeed B.Generally C.Eventually D.Moreover31.A.pretended B.forgot C.begged D.volunteered32.A.remarking B.warning C.promising D.appreciating33.A.dealwith B.callfor C.takeadvantageof D.takechargeof34.A.capable B.frightened C.aware D.ashamed35.A.relief B.ambition C.reminder D.generosity【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Cobb开车时车耗尽汽油且方向盘锁住，被困桥下流浪者营地旁，三名男子主动帮忙推车、解锁、买汽油，他们的慷慨助人让Cobb铭记于心。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，她的车没油了，停在了一座桥下一个拥挤的流浪者营地附近的路中间。A.ranoutof用完；B.madeuseof利用；C.figuredout弄清楚；D.tookover接管。根据后文“togetgaswithhisfuelcan”可知，她的车突然没油了，故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的车没油了，停在了一座桥下一个拥挤的流浪者营地附近的路中间。A.agreement协议；B.umbrella雨伞；C.bridge桥梁；D.tree树。根据后文“Thenamanfromunderthebridge”可知，车停在一座桥下。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科布说：“我当时坐在那里，感到无比无助和焦虑。”A.determined坚定的；B.annoyed生气的；C.passionate热情的；D.powerless无力的。根据后文“andanxious”可知，因为车子发动不了，感到无比无助和焦虑。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，桥下有个男子走上前来，向科布伸出了援手。A.approached靠近；B.rescued救援；C.contacted联系；D.recognized认出。根据后文“Cobbandofferedassistance”可知，男子靠近，向科布伸出了援手。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：科布讲述了所发生的事情。A.identified识别；B.described讲述，描述；C.witnessed目击；D.expected期待。根据后文“whathadhappened”可知，科布讲述了所发生的事情。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于方向盘被锁住了，汽车无法移动，于是这名男子试图单人推车。A.designed设计；B.held举行；C.stolen偷窃；D.locked锁住。后文提到“managedtounlockit”，说明此处方向盘是锁着的，故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名男子小心翼翼地没有惊动科布，他询问自己是否能够从窗户伸出手去检查一下转向柱。A.mention提及；B.alarm使惊慌；C.ignore忽视；D.judge判断。根据上文“Oneman,carefulnotto”可知，男人小心翼翼的动作，是为了不让科布惊慌，故选B。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在科布的允许下，他终于成功将其打开了。A.focus集中；B.test测试；C.permission允许；D.personality个性。根据上文“askedwhetherhecouldreachthroughthewindowtocheckthesteeringcolumn”可知，男人要伸手进车窗检查，需要得到科布的允许，故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，这个团队甚至指挥一辆长长的牵引式挂车改变了车道。A.directed指导；B.allowed允许；C.forced迫使；D.commanded要求。根据后文“alongtractortrailertochangelanes”可知，他们需要指挥长拖车变道以避免危险，故选A。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，这三个人成功地将她的汽车移至安全地带。A.Indeed确实；B.Generally通常；C.Eventually最后；D.Moreover此外。根据后文“thethreemenwereabletomovehercartosafety”可知，此处表示最终的结果——三人成功把车移到安全处，故选C。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随后，第一个男子主动提出用他的汽油桶去取汽油，科布给了他一些钱。A.pretended假装；B.forgot忘记；C.begged恳求；D.volunteered自愿。根据后文“togetgaswithhisfuelcan”可知，男人主动提出用自己的油桶去买汽油，“自愿”符合其乐于助人的形象，故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他离开期间，其中一名男子一直守在她身旁，向她警告说这里是个危险的地方。A.remarking评论；B.warning警告；C.promising承诺；D.appreciating欣赏。根据“itwasadangerousplace”可知男人是在警告科布，故选B。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一些人会趁此机会谋取私利。A.dealwith处理；B.callfor呼叫；C.takeadvantageof利用；D.takechargeof负责。根据后文“suchasituation”可知，男人提醒科布这里危险，是因为有人可能会利用这种情况（趁火打劫），故选C。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，第一个男人就带着汽油回来了，于是她终于能够启动汽车了。A.capable有能力的；B.frightened害怕的；C.aware意识到的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根据上文“Beforelong,thefirstmanreturnedwithgas”可知，男人带回汽油后，科布就能启动车了，“becapableof”表示“能够”，故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这三个人的慷慨大方给科布留下了深刻的印象。A.relief安慰；B.ambition抱负；C.reminder提醒物；D.generosity慷慨。三人主动帮助科布，体现的是他们的“慷慨助人”，这份品质让科布铭记，其他选项均不符合主旨。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PekingOperaenjoyssuchahighreputationamongChinesepeoplethateven“PekingOperaMonth”hasbeendeclared.Fullofhistorical____36____(fact),theoperapresentstheaudiencewithanencyclopedia(百科全书)ofChineseculture,aswellasbeautifulpaintings,variouscostumes,gracefulgesturesandarts.Itisa____37____(harmony)combinationoftheGrandOperaandacrobatics,dance,monologues,withmartialartsandmimealso____38____(include).Witha200-year-longhistory,itisbelievedthatPekingOpera____39____(gradual)cameintobeingafter1790whenthefamousfourAnhuioperatroupescametoBeijing.PekingOperaunderwentfastdevelopmentinsomedynasties,eventually____40____(become)moreaccessibletothecommonpeople.Inancienttimes,PekingOpera____41____(perform)mostlyonstageintheopenair,teahousesortemplecourtyards.PekingOperaperformersmainlyhavetwotypesoffacialdecorations:masksandfacialpainting.Thefrequenton-stagechangingofmasks____42____theaudiencenoticingisaspecialtechniqueknownaschangingfaces.Sinceeachdynastyhad____43____(it)ownuniqueoperaticcos