2025年科技英语面试题及答案

2025年科技英语面试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共40分）1.Inthefieldofartificialintelligence,whichofthefollowingalgorithmsismainlyusedforunsupervisedlearningandaimstogroupsimilardatapointstogether?A.SupportVectorMachineB.K-MeansClusteringC.LogisticRegressionD.DecisionTree2.Whenitcomesto5Gtechnology,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutitscharacteristicsiscorrect?A.Ithasalowerdatatransferratecomparedto4G.B.Ithasextremelylowlatency,whichissuitableforreal-timeapplications.C.Itmainlyoperatesinthemillimeter-wavefrequencyband,buthasalong-rangesignalcoverage.D.Itdoesnotsupporttheconnectionofalargenumberofdevices.3.Inthedevelopmentofquantumcomputing,whatisthebasicunitofquantuminformation?A.BitB.ByteC.QubitD.Word4.Regardingblockchaintechnology,whichofthefollowingdescriptionsaboutitsdecentralizedfeatureisaccurate?A.Itmeansthatalldataisstoredinasinglecentralserver.B.Itallowsmultiplenodesinthenetworktoparticipateintheverificationandstorageofdatawithoutacentralauthority.C.Itonlysupportsthetransferofdigitalcurrenciesandhasnootherapplications.D.Ithasaveryhightransactionspeedcomparedtotraditionalcentralizedsystems.5.Intheareaofbiotechnology,CRISPR-Cas9isarevolutionarygene-editingtool.Whatisitsmainfunction?A.Tocreatenewgenesfromscratch.B.ToaccuratelycutandeditspecificDNAsequencesinanorganism'sgenome.C.Toincreasethemutationrateofallgenesinanorganismrandomly.D.Toproduceartificialproteinsinlargequantities.6.WhendiscussingtheInternetofThings(IoT),whichofthefollowingcomponentsisessentialforanIoTdevicetocommunicatewithotherdevicesorthecloud?A.SensorB.ActuatorC.CommunicationmoduleD.Displayscreen7.Inthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles,whichofthefollowingsensorsiscrucialfordetectingthedistanceandshapeofsurroundingobjects?A.CameraB.RadarC.LiDARD.Ultrasonicsensor8.Inthefieldofbigdata,whatisthemainpurposeofdatapre-processing?A.Toincreasethevolumeofdata.B.Toclean,transform,andintegratedatatoimproveitsqualityandusability.C.Todirectlyanalyzethedatawithoutanychanges.D.Tostoredatainmultipledifferentformatssimultaneously.9.Regardingvirtualreality(VR)technology,whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Itonlyprovidesavisualexperienceanddoesnotinvolveothersenses.B.Itcreatesacompletelyimmersivevirtualenvironmentthatuserscaninteractwith.C.Itismainlyusedforscientificresearchandhasnoapplicationintheentertainmentindustry.D.Itrequiresaverylow-resolutiondisplaytoachieveagoodeffect.10.Inthedevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnology,whichofthefollowingenergysourceshasthepotentialtobeamajorcontributortothefuturepowergridduetoitslarge-scaleavailabilityandrelativelylowenvironmentalimpact?A.CoalB.NaturalgasC.SolarenergyD.Nuclearenergy11.Whenitcomesto3Dprintingtechnology,whichofthefollowingmaterialsiscommonlyusedintheprocess?A.WoodB.MetalpowderC.GlassfiberD.Paper12.Inthefieldofsoftwaredevelopment,Agilemethodologyemphasizeswhichofthefollowingaspects?A.Strictanddetailedupfrontplanning.B.Frequentcustomerfeedbackanditerativedevelopment.C.Long-termprojectscheduleswithfixedrequirements.D.Asinglelarge-scalereleaseattheendoftheproject.13.Intheareaofrobotics,whatisthemainfunctionofarobot'send-effector?A.Tomovetherobotfromoneplacetoanother.B.Tosensethesurroundingenvironment.C.Toperformspecifictaskssuchasgrasping,welding,orpainting.D.Tocontroltherobot'soverallmovementspeed.14.Regardingnanotechnology,whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Itdealswithmaterialsanddevicesattheatomicandmolecularscale(usually1-100nanometers).B.Ithasnopracticalapplicationsintherealworldyet.C.Itonlyfocusesonthestudyoflarge-scalematerials.D.Itismainlyusedformilitarypurposesandhasnocivilianapplications.15.Inthedevelopmentofcloudcomputing,InfrastructureasaService(IaaS)providesuserswithwhichofthefollowing?A.Pre-builtsoftwareapplications.B.Operatingsystemsandstoragespaceonremoteservers.C.Aplatformfordevelopinganddeployingapplications.D.Onlysoftware-relatedserviceswithoutanyhardwarecomponents.16.Whendiscussinggeneticengineering,whatisthemainpurposeofgenetherapy?A.Tocreategeneticallymodifiedorganismsforagriculturaluse.B.Totreatorpreventdiseasesbyintroducing,removing,ormodifyinggenesinapatient'scells.C.Todevelopnewtypesofantibiotics.D.Toincreasetheintelligenceofanimalsthroughgeneticmodification.17.Inthefieldoftelecommunications,whichofthefollowingmultiplexingtechniquesallowsmultiplesignalstoshareasinglecommunicationchannelbydividingthefrequencyspectrum?A.Time-DivisionMultiplexing(TDM)B.Frequency-DivisionMultiplexing(FDM)C.Code-DivisionMultiplexing(CDM)D.Space-DivisionMultiplexing(SDM)18.Regardingthedevelopmentofartificialintelligencechips,whichofthefollowingtypesofchipsisspecificallydesignedtoacceleratedeeplearningalgorithms?A.CentralProcessingUnit(CPU)B.GraphicsProcessingUnit(GPU)C.Field-ProgrammableGateArray(FPGA)D.Application-SpecificIntegratedCircuit(ASIC)19.Intheareaofsmartcities,whichofthefollowingtechnologiesisusedtomanageandoptimizeurbanresourcessuchastraffic,energy,andwastemanagement?A.InternetofThings(IoT)B.AugmentedReality(AR)C.3DprintingD.Quantumcomputing20.Whenitcomestothedevelopmentofbatterytechnology,whichofthefollowingbatterytypesiswidelyusedinelectricvehiclesduetoitshighenergydensityandrelativelylongcyclelife?A.Lead-acidbatteryB.Nickel-cadmiumbatteryC.Lithium-ionbatteryD.Nickel-metalhydridebattery二、多项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingaretheadvantagesofartificialintelligenceinvariousfields?A.Improvingefficiencyandproductivity.B.Makingmoreaccuratepredictions.C.Reducinghumanerrors.D.Eliminatingalljobopportunitiesforhumans.2.Inthedevelopmentof5Gtechnology,whichofthefollowingapplicationscenariosareexpectedtoberealized?A.Smartmanufacturingwithhigh-precisioncontrol.B.Remotemedicalsurgerywithlowlatency.C.Massivemachine-typecommunicationsforIoTdevices.D.OnlyprovidingfastermobileInternetforsmartphones.3.Regardingblockchaintechnology,whichofthefollowingfeaturesarecorrect?A.Decentralization.B.Immutabilityofdata.C.Transparencyoftransactions.D.Hightransactionfees.4.Inthefieldofbiotechnology,whatarethepotentialapplicationsofgeneeditingtechnology?A.Treatinggeneticdiseases.B.Improvingcropyieldsandresistance.C.Creatingnewtypesoforganismsforecologicalrestoration.D.Developingnewbiologicalweapons.5.WhenitcomestotheInternetofThings(IoT),whichofthefollowingchallengesneedtobeaddressed?A.Securityandprivacyissues.B.Interoperabilitybetweendifferentdevices.C.High-costofsensordeployment.D.Lackofdatastoragecapacity.6.Inthedevelopmentofautonomousvehicles,whichofthefollowingtechnologiesareinvolved?A.Artificialintelligencefordecision-making.B.Sensortechnologyforenvironmentperception.C.Communicationtechnologyforvehicle-to-everything(V2X)communication.D.Traditionalmechanicalcontrolsystemsonly.7.Intheareaofbigdata,whichofthefollowingarethecharacteristicsofbigdata?A.Highvolume.B.Highvelocity.C.Highvariety.D.Highveracity.8.Regardingvirtualreality(VR)andaugmentedreality(AR)technologies,whichofthefollowingstatementsarecorrect?A.VRcreatesacompletelyvirtualenvironment,whileARoverlaysdigitalinformationontherealworld.B.BothVRandARrequirespecialdisplaydevices.C.VRismainlyusedforentertainment,andARhasnoapplicationintheentertainmentindustry.D.ARcanbeusedinfieldssuchaseducationandnavigation.9.Inthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy,whichofthefollowingenergysourcesareconsideredcleanandsustainable?A.Windenergy.B.Hydroelectricenergy.C.Geothermalenergy.D.Biomassenergy.10.Inthefieldofsoftwaredevelopment,whichofthefollowingaretheprinciplesofDevOps?A.Collaborationbetweendevelopmentandoperationsteams.B.Continuousintegrationandcontinuousdelivery.C.Frequentcodechangeswithouttesting.D.Automatingthesoftwaredevelopmentanddeploymentprocess.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Inartificialintelligence,supervisedlearningalgorithmsrequirelabeleddatafortraining.()2.5Gtechnologyhasaslowerdatatransferratethan4Gtechnology.()3.Blockchaintechnologycanensurethecompleteanonymityofalltransactions.()4.Geneeditingtechnologycanonlybeusedinthefieldofmedicineandhasnoapplicationinagriculture.()5.TheInternetofThings(IoT)onlyinvolvestheconnectionofsmarthomedevices.()6.Autonomousvehiclesrelysolelyoncamerasforenvironmentperception.()7.Bigdataanalysisonlyfocusesonthevolumeofdataandignoresdataquality.()8.Virtualreality(VR)technologycanprovideamulti-sensoryimmersiveexperience.()9.Renewableenergysourcesarealwaysavailableanddonotrequireanystoragesolutions.()10.Insoftwaredevelopment,theAgilemethodologyemphasizesstrictadherencetoapre-definedplan.()四、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Inartificialintelligence,theprocessofadjustingtheparametersofamodeltominimizetheerrorbetweenthepredictedoutputandtheactualoutputiscalled.2.Thefifth-generationmobilecommunicationtechnology,5G,operatesinboththesub-6GHzandfrequencybands.3.Blockchaintechnologyusesadatastructuretostoretransactioninformation.4.Inthefieldofbiotechnology,thetechniqueofintroducingforeignDNAintoanorganism'sgenomeiscalled.5.TheInternetofThings(IoT)devicesareusually