江苏省扬州某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省扬州某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACan’tfindtheperfectbiketosuitallyourneeds?JoinusforourBuild-Your-OwnBikeWorkshopandcustomizeoneforyourself!Ourcommittedtrainerswilltakeyouthroughstep-by-stepinstructionsinthis5-dayworkshoptoguideyouinbuildingyourownbike.Thisworkshopwillnotonlyprovideasatisfyinghands-onexperiencebutwillalsoexpandyourknowledgeofbikeparts,howtheyworkandhowtomaintainthem.Gearupforanenrichingtime!Date:2—6June2025Time:9am—12pmdailyCourseFees:$500perparticipantFeesinclude☑Allbikeparts☑Instructionsheets□TrainerfeesLimitedto6participantstoensureyougettheattentionyouneed.Signupnowatfortheultimatebuild-your-ownbikeexperience!10%EarlyBirdDiscountForSign-upsBefore1May*Membershipentitlesyoutoanadditionalcashdiscountof$40.WhatUrbanBikeShopisallabout...Wearethego-toplatformforcycliststoshopforbikepartsandbuildtheirownbikes.Additionally,ourplatformlinksyoutothevariousbikeretailers(零售商)soyoucanshopforbikesandcomponentsmoreeasily.OurVisionTopromotethejoyofcyclingandserveasaplatformwherecyclistscansetfitnessgoals,achievethem,andberewardedfortheirefforts,wehopetoconnectcyclistsandinspirethemtosharetheirexperienceswithouryear-longevents.1.Whatcanparticipantsdointheworkshop?A.Maintainfitnessthroughcycling.B.Producebikecomponentsbyhand.C.Gaintheknow-howtobuildbicycles.D.Acquirecyclingskillsthroughpractice.2.HowmuchshouldanUrbanBikeShopmemberpayforregistrationinApril?A.$410. B.$450. C.$460. D.$4903.WhatisUrbanBikeShop’slong-termgoal?A.Toprovidefreebikemaintenanceservices.B.Toconnectcycliststovariousbikeretailers.C.Tocreateaninteractionnetworkforcyclists.D.Tohelpshopforbikesandcomponentseasily.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了城市自行车店举办的自制自行车工坊的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ourcommittedtrainerswilltakeyouthroughstepbystepinstructionsinthis5dayworkshoptoguideyouinbuildingyourownbike.(我们敬业的教练将在这个为期5天的工坊中为你提供循序渐进的指导，引导你打造自己的自行车)”可知，参与者在工坊中可以获得制造自行车的诀窍。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“CourseFees:$500perparticipant(课程费用：每位参与者500美元)”、表格中优惠信息“10%EarlyBirdDiscountForSignupsBefore1May(5月1日前报名可享受10%的早鸟折扣)”与“*Membershipentitlesyoutoanadditionalcashdiscountof$40.(*会员可额外享受40美元的现金折扣)”可知，会员在4月报名，先享受10%的早鸟折扣，即$500×(1-10%)=$450，再享受40美元的会员折扣，即$450-$40=$410。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Topromotethejoyofcyclingandserveasaplatformwherecyclistscansetfitnessgoals,achievethem,andberewardedfortheirefforts,wehopetoconnectcyclistsandinspirethemtosharetheirexperienceswithouryearlongevents.(为了推广骑行的乐趣，并作为一个平台，让骑行者可以设定健身目标、实现目标，并为他们的努力获得奖励，我们希望通过我们为期一年的活动将骑行者联系起来，并激励他们分享自己的经历)”可知，城市自行车店的长期目标是将骑行者联系起来，为骑行者创建一个互动网络。故选C项。BIfyouhaveeverdrivencoasttocoastacrosstheUnitedStates,chancesarethatyouhavepassedbeneaththeflightofafearlesssongbird,thecliffswallow(崖燕).Unlikemostwildlifethatretreatfromhumanfootprint,thecliffswallowhassurvivedalongsideit.Originallyabirdofthewesternmountains,ithas,overthepastcentury,colonizedtheGreatPlains,buildingitsmudnestsbeneathbridges—wondersofnaturalengineeringlikeourown.Fornearlyfortyyears,researcherCharlesBrownhasconductedannualsurveysofhundredsofthesenestingcoloniesinNebraska,seekingtounderstandthedynamicsofswallowsociety.HehasfoundthatinwesternNebraska,mostcliffswallowslivewithinastone’sthrowofaroad.Thischoiceofhabitatis,ofcourse,exceptionallydangerous.WhenBrownbeganstudyingswallowsinthe1980s,heoftenpickedupdeadswallowsontheroads.In2012,however,Brownsuddenlyfound,though,therewasvirtuallynoroadkilltobefound.He’dcollectedtwentydeadbirdsin1984,whentheprojectbegan,andtwentymorein1985and1986.Thenthetrendlinewentdownward:fifteenin1989,thirteenin1991,eightin2002.By2011ithaddroppedtofour.Brownthought:somehowswallowshadbecomehardertokill.Bymeasuringthebirds’wings,hesawthattheswallowskilledbycarsusuallyhadlongerwingsthantheoneshecaughtalive.Brownknewwhatthismeant:Thetrafficwasweedingclumsier,long-wingedswallowsfromthepopulationandfavoringthequicker,short-wingedones—Darwinianselectioninaction.“Longago,”Brownsaid,“cliffswallowslivedmostlyapartfromhumans.Now,theyaresomuchapartofourworldthatourroadsandbridgeshavechangedtheirverygenes.”Thecliffswallowsbecamerarewinnersinaworldofconcreteandsteel.Butthissuccesscamewithacost—thelossofthelong-wingedswallowsandapermanentchangetothebirds’nature.Theyhadbeenshaped,forever,bytheroad.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“retreatfrom”inparagraph1mean?A.Avoids. B.Expands. C.Erases. D.Reduces.5.Howisparagraph3mainlydeveloped?A.Byprovidingdata. B.Byextendingadefinition.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingaclassification.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlytalkingabout?A.Backgroundsofastudy. B.Reasonsforaphenomenon.C.Theoriesofnaturalselection. D.Assumptionsaboutanexperiment.7.Whatdidcliffswallows’survivalcostthem?A.Theirgenesbecameabnormal.B.Theirpopulationdeclinedsharply.C.TheywereedgedoutofGreatPlains.D.Long-wingedswallowswereweededout.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了崖燕在人类活动影响下的生存情况及其基因变化。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中划线词所在句“Unlikemostwildlifethatretreatfromhumanfootprint,thecliffswallowhassurvivedalongsideit.(与大多数retreatfrom人类足迹的野生动物不同，崖燕一直与人类共存。)”可知，崖燕能与人类共存，而大多数野生动物则相反，会“躲避”人类活动痕迹。“retreatsfrom”为“避开，远离”之意，与“Avoid”意思相近。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“He’dcollectedtwentydeadbirdsin1984,whentheprojectbegan,andtwentymorein1985and1986.Thenthetrendlinewentdownward:fifteenin1989,thirteenin1991,eightin2002.By2011ithaddroppedtofour.(1984年项目开始时，他收集了20只死鸟，1985年和1986年又收集了20只。然后趋势线开始下降：1989年15只，1991年13只，2002年8只。到2011年，这一数字已经降至4只。)”可知，本段主要是通过提供数据来说明崖燕被车辆撞死的数量在逐年减少。故选A项。【6题详析】段落大意题。根据第四段中“Bymeasuringthebirds’wings,hesawthattheswallowskilledbycarsusuallyhadlongerwingsthantheoneshecaughtalive.Brownknewwhatthismeant:Thetrafficwasweedingclumsier,long-wingedswallowsfromthepopulationandfavoringthequicker,short-wingedones—Darwinianselectioninaction.(通过测量鸟的翅膀，他发现被车撞死的崖燕的翅膀通常比他活捉的崖燕的翅膀要长。布朗知道这意味着什么：交通正在从种群中淘汰那些笨拙的长翼崖燕，而青睐那些更快、短翼的崖燕——达尔文的选择正在起作用。)”可知，本段主要解释了为什么崖燕被车撞死的数量在减少，即交通对崖燕种群进行了自然选择，使得短翼崖燕更适应环境。故选B项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butthissuccesscamewithacost—thelossofthelong-wingedswallowsandapermanentchangetothebirds’nature.(但这种成功是有代价的——长翼崖燕的消失和鸟类本性的永久改变。)”可知，崖燕的生存是以长翼崖燕的消失为代价的。故选D项。CWhileweraceintoafuturewhereweoutsourcemostofourproblem-solvingtoartificialintelligence,thegreatestthreatisnotsuperintelligentmachinery.It’smindlesslyputtingtoomuchtrustinBigTechandnotenoughtrustinthepowerofourownminds.Aphilosophyofartfulthinkingisagoodwaytoavoidthis.Tothinkartfullymeanstosolveproblemsusingnotjustourbrains,butalsoourhands,eyes,andears,alongwithouremotions.Thisapproachtapsintothecognitive(认知的)resourcesthatarespreadthroughoutourbodiesbutoftengounused.Changinghowwethinkishardwork.Anditstartswithamindfulnesspractice.Accessingartfulintelligencerequiresbeingmindfulofhowwethinkwithourbody,howweuseourlimbs(四肢),organs,andemotionstomakesenseoftheworld.Bemindfulofallthedifferentmessagesyourbodyissendingyouaswellasthedifferentrolesandfunctionsyourbodilyactionscanplay.Forexample,gesturing(做手势)inconversationsisnotjustcommunicative.Thesemovementsoftenhelpthespeakertosmoothouttheirthoughtprocessandassistingettingthewordsout.Today,BigTechispushingamessageofartificial-intelligencecrazinessandfear.Whatmakesyoustuckinit?It’sseeingthesamethingswhereveryoulook.BigTechgivesyouscreens,hopingthatyourattentionwillalwaysbeattractedbytheirdevices.IfyouwanttofindmorefreedominthisAI-filledworld,improveyourabilitytomindfullyshiftyourattentionbetweendifferentobjectsorlevelsoffocus.Remembereverythingisbornofachoice.Artfulthinkingdemandseffortfulmindfulnesstoensurethatwhatwedo,whatwehopetoachievebyusingthesetechnologicaltools,willnotweakenourhumanity.AsThichNhatHanhsaid,“Mindfullivingisanart,andeachofushastotraintobeanartist.”8.Whatcanwelearnaboutartfulthinking?A.Itsimplifiesproblem-solving. B.Itfocusesondevelopingourbrains.C.Itpreventsusfromover-relyingonAI. D.Ithelpspromotehigh-techmachinery.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Benefitsofartfulintelligence. B.Mind-bodyawarenessinthinking.C.Significanceofbeingmindful. D.Socialinteractionthroughmovements.10.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedointheAI-filledworld?A.Enhancetheflexibilityofattention. B.AdapttotheriseofAI.C.AvoidtheinterruptionsfromBigTech. D.Improvethelevelsoffocus.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtfulThinkingAdvancesBigTech B.TooMuchTrustinAIHarmsOurMindsC.PhysicalActionsBetterCognitiveFunctions D.MindfulnessKeepsUsHumanintheAgeofAI【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了在AI时代正念思维对保持人性的重要性。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Aphilosophyofartfulthinkingisagoodwaytoavoidthis.Tothinkartfullymeanstosolveproblemsusingnotjustourbrains,butalsoourhands,eyes,andears,alongwithouremotions.Thisapproachtapsintothecognitive(认知的)resourcesthatarespreadthroughoutourbodiesbutoftengounused.(巧妙思考的哲学是避免这种情况的好方法。巧妙思考意味着不仅要用大脑，还要用手、眼睛、耳朵以及情感来解决问题。这种方法利用了我们身体中分布但常常未被利用的认知资源)”可知，巧妙思考能防止我们过度依赖人工智能。故选C。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Changinghowwethinkishardwork.Anditstartswithamindfulnesspractice.Accessingartfulintelligencerequiresbeingmindfulofhowwethinkwithourbody,howweuseourlimbs(四肢),organs,andemotionstomakesenseoftheworld.(改变我们的思维方式是一项艰苦的工作。它始于正念练习。获取巧妙智慧需要留意我们如何用身体思考，如何用四肢、器官和情感来理解世界)”可知，第三段主要讲了思考中的身心意识。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“IfyouwanttofindmorefreedominthisAI-filledworld,improveyourabilitytomindfullyshiftyourattentionbetweendifferentobjectsorlevelsoffocus.(如果你想在这个充满人工智能的世界中找到更多的自由，提高你自觉地在不同物体或注意力层次之间转移注意力的能力)”可推知，作者建议我们在充满人工智能的世界里增强注意力的灵活性。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Artfulthinkingdemandseffortfulmindfulnesstoensurethatwhatwedo,whatwehopetoachievebyusingthesetechnologicaltools,willnotweakenourhumanity.AsThichNhatHanhsaid,“Mindfullivingisanart,andeachofushastotraintobeanartist.”(巧妙思考需要努力保持正念，以确保我们所做的，以及我们希望通过使用这些技术工具实现的目标，不会削弱我们的人性。正如一行禅师所说：“正念生活是一门艺术，我们每个人都必须训练成为艺术家。”)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要论述了在人工智能时代，保持正念的重要性，它能让我们保持人性，不被技术所吞噬。D选项“正念让我们在人工智能时代保持人性”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。DDietscomeanddietsgo.Oneofthemostpopulartodayis“intermittentfasting”,whichlimitsone’sfoodintaketocertaintimewindows.Onepopularvariant,the“5-2diet”,requireseatingeitherverysmallamounts,ornothingatall,ontwodaysaweek,butallowsnormaleatingontheotherfive.Asaweight-lossstrategy,intermittentfastingissimple—nocaloriecountingormajordietarychanges.Limitingtherestrictionstoacoupleofdaysaweek,orseveralhoursadayalsorequireslesswillpower,whichmightmakeiteasiertostickwith.NicholaLudlam-Raine,adietitianandspokeswomanfortheBritishDieteticAssociation,notesthatintermittentfastingseemstoworkroughlyaswellforweightlossastraditionalcalorie-countingdoes.Beyondweightmanagement,animalstudiessuggestfastingmayextendlifespanbyupto40%,slowaging,andreducecancerrisk.Exactlyhowitdoesallthatisnotentirelyclear.Oneimportantfactorseemstobeautophagy(细胞自噬),theprocessbywhichcellsbreakdownandrecyclepartsofthemselves.Thehopeisthatintermittentfastingmighthaveasimilarresponseinhumans,sincewesharethesebiologicalresponseswithotheranimals.Butrunningdefinitivehumantrialsofthesortdoneonlabanimalsisimpossible.“Whenwesay‘calorierestriction’wemeannearlystarving[theanimals],”saysAdamCollins,anutritionresearcherattheUniversityofSurrey.Currentresearchonintermittentfastingreliesonlimited,short-termstudiesusingmoderatebiomarkerslikeinsulin(胰岛素)/cholesterol(胆固醇)levels.Theirresultsaremixed.AreviewpaperpublishedinApril2024lookedat23otherstudiesandconcludedthatintermittentfastingwasslightlybetterthanordinarydietingforoverweightpeoplewhenitcametoimprovinglevelsofcholesterolandinsulin.Asimilararticle,publishedinJanuary,foundnomeaningfuldifferenceforeitherweightlossorcardiovascular(心血管的)health.Therearealsorisks.AstudyinmicepublishedinNatureinOctober2024foundthatseverefasting(wherecalorieswerecutby40%)haddownsides,includingmusclemasslossand,possibly,weakenedimmunesystems.Moderation,too,shouldbetakeninmoderation.12.Whichofthefollowingispracticingintermittentfasting?A.Anathletestrictlycontrollingfatintakeasthecoachrequires.B.ATVhostweighingallfoodtocountcaloriesbeforeeating.C.Anofficeworkertryingtoloseweightbyeatingonly2mealseveryday.D.AclerkonregularmealsbutskippingmealsonMondaysandThursdays.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Fastingaffectshumansandanimalsinthesameway.B.Calorierestrictionforanimalsismilderthanforhumans.C.Humantrialslikeanimalonesforintermittentfastingareno-gos.D.Autophagyplaysadefiniteroleinexplainingthebenefitsoffasting.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsintermittentfasting?A.Enthusiastic. B.Subjective. C.Favorable. D.Impartial.15.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheSecretsofFasting:AScientificWarningB.IntermittentFasting:APopularbutMysteriousDietC.CalorieCountingvs.Fasting:WhichWorksBetter?D.FromAnimaltoHuman:TheScienceBehindFasting【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了间歇性禁食（intermittentfasting）这一流行的饮食方式，包括其具体做法、可能的健康益处、相关研究结果以及潜在风险。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Onepopularvariant,the‘5-2diet’,requireseatingeitherverysmallamounts,ornothingatall,ontwodaysaweek,butallowsnormaleatingontheotherfive.(一种流行的变体“5-2饮食法”要求每周有两天只吃极少量的食物或完全不吃，但其他五天可以正常进食)”可知，间歇性禁食的核心是“特定时间禁食，其他时间正常饮食”。选项D“一名职员平时正常吃饭，但周一和周四禁食”符合这一描述。故选D。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Butrunningdefinitivehumantrialsofthesortdoneonlabanimalsisimpossible.(但像对实验室动物那样对人类进行明确的试验是不可能的)”可推知，像动物实验那样对人类进行间歇性禁食的严格试验是不可行的。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。全文作者既提到间歇性禁食的潜在益处（如减肥、延长寿命等），也提到研究结果的不确定性（“Theirresultsaremixed”）和潜在风险（如肌肉流失、免疫系统减弱），并未表现出明显的倾向性。因此，作者的态度是客观中立的。选项D“Impartial(公正的)”符合文意。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了间歇性禁食这种流行的饮食方式，包括它的具体模式、作为减肥策略的优点、在动物研究中的潜在益处等，但它是怎样达到这些功效的尚未揭晓，说明它是一种受欢迎但又比较神秘的饮食方式，选项B“IntermittentFasting:APopularbutMysteriousDiet(间歇性禁食：流行但神秘的饮食法)”最能概括全文主旨。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Takingactionisoneofthemostimportantfactorsthatwilldetermineyoursuccess.Regardlessofwhatyouwantinyourlife,whetheryouwanttogetrich,buildamulti-milliondollarbusiness,traveltheworld,orownaluxuryhouse,youneedtotakeaction.Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.___16___Theydreamaboutwhattheywantandtheytalkabouttheirgoals,butattheendoftheday,iftheydonotputintheworkandpourintheeffort,theirdreamsandtheirgoalswillnevercometrue.___17___Itisnotlikemoneyisgoingtofallfromtheskyoryouwakeupthenextdayandfindthatyouhaveyourdreamcarsittinginyourgarage.Attheageof12,Mikewascuriousandwantedtobuildafrequencycounter(频率计数器),buthedidnothavetheparts.___18___.WhathappenednextwasthatMikethoughtTom,acompanymanager,mightbeabletohelpingettingtheparts.HecheckedoutthetelephonebookforTom’snumber,andthencalledthatnumber.ToMike’ssurprise,TomansweredthephoneandthentheyoungMiketalkedtoTomandrequestedthepartsfromhim.___19___Healsoofferedhimasummerjobathiscompany,forassemblingthefrequencycounters.ThisishowMikegotintothecompany,kick-startedhiscareer,learnedaboutcomputers,andtherestbecamehistory.The12yearsoldMikemightnotknowwhatwashappeningbackthen;allheknewwasthathewantedthepartstobuildthefrequencycounter.___20___A.Nothingwillcometoyouautomatically.B.Whenyoutakeaction,everythingwillmove.C.Unfortunately,mostpeopledonottakeaction.D.Afterabout20minutesofchatting,TomagreedtogiveMiketheparts.E.Andlikeallothersuccessfulpeoplearoundtheworld,hewasfearlessintakingaction.F.Someactionsarehugeandtheymayrequirealotofyourenergyandtimetocomplete.G.However,hesomehowgottheideathatsomeoneintheindustrymayhavethepartsthathedesired.【答案】16.C17.A18.G19.D20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了行动对于成功的重要性，并以Mike为例进行说明。Mike在12岁时想要制作一个频率计数器，但没有零件，于是他采取行动，打电话给一家公司经理Tom请求帮助，最终得到了零件和一个暑期工作机会，从而开启了他的职业生涯和计算机学习之路。【16题详析】上文提到“Takingactionistheonlythingthatwillconnectyoutoyourresults.(采取行动是连接你与成果的唯一途径。)”，强调了行动的重要性，后文“Theydreamaboutwhattheywantandtheytalkabouttheirgoals,butattheendoftheday,iftheydonotputintheworkandpourintheeffort,theirdreamsandtheirgoalswillnevercometrue.

(他们梦想他们想要的，他们谈论他们的目标，但在一天结束的时候，如果他们不投入工作和努力，他们的梦想和目标永远不会实现。)”也提出不采取行动后，梦想和目标不会实现的结果；C选项“Unfortunately,mostpeopledonottakeaction.(不幸的是，大多数人都没有采取行动。)”则指出大多数人并没有采取行动，与前文形成对比，突出了采取行动的重要性，符合题意。故选C。【17题详析】上文提到“butattheendoftheday,iftheydonotputintheworkandpourintheeffort,theirdreamsandtheirgoalswillnevercometrue.(但归根结底，如果他们不投入工作和努力，他们的梦想和目标就永远不会实现。)”，强调了不采取行动就无法实现梦想和目标；A选项“Nothingwillcometoyouautomatically.(没有什么会自动来到你身边。)”则进一步强调了不采取行动就无法获得任何成果，符合题意。故选A。【18题详析】上文提到“Attheageof12,Mikewascuriousandwantedtobuildafrequencycounter(频率计数器),buthedidnothavetheparts.(12岁时，Mike很好奇，想做一个频率计数器，但他没有零件。)”，说明Mike想要做频率计数器但没有零件；下文“WhathappenednextwasthatMikethoughtTom,acompanymanager,mightbeabletohelpingettingtheparts.(接下来发生的事情是，Mike认为公司经理Tom也许能帮他弄到零件。)”指出Mike向Tom寻求帮助；G选项“However,hesomehowgottheideathatsomeoneintheindustrymayhavethepartsthathedesired.(然而，他不知怎么地想到，这个行业里可能有人有他想要的零件。)”则指出Mike想到了可能有人有他需要的零件，为下文他打电话给Tom请求零件做了铺垫，符合题意。故选G。【19题详析】上文提到“ToMike’ssurprise,TomansweredthephoneandthentheyoungMiketalkedtoTomandrequestedthepartsfromhim.(令Mike惊讶的是，Tom接了电话，然后年轻的Mike和Tom通了电话，并向他请求零件。)”，说明Mike向Tom请求零件；D选项“Afterabout20minutesofchatting,TomagreedtogiveMiketheparts.(聊了大约20分钟后，Tom同意给Mike零件。)”则指出打电话过程中，经过聊天后，Tom同意给Mike零件，符合题意。故选D。【20题详析】上文提到“The12yearsoldMikemightnotknowwhatwashappeningbackthen;allheknewwasthathewantedthepartstobuildthefrequencycounter.(12岁的Mike可能不知道当时发生了什么；他只知道他想要制作频率计数器的零件。)”，说明Mike当时只知道自己想要零件，对于未来发生的什么事情并不畏惧；E选项“Andlikeallothersuccessfulpeoplearoundtheworld,hewasfearlessintakingaction.(和世界上所有其他成功人士一样，他在采取行动时无所畏惧。)”则指出Mike像其他成功人士一样勇敢地采取了行动，符合题意。且该选项中的“takingaction”与前文相呼应，强调了行动的重要性。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Adangerousencounterwithabison(野牛)wasnotwhatRebeccaClarkhadinmindwhenshesetoutforahikingtripinthenationalpark.Knownforitsfantasticredrocksandgreenplains,thepark____21____alargenumberofvisitors,includingRebecca.Ithasanother____22____—thewildbison,whichwerenotonherradar(认知).Untilsuddenly,theywere.Rebeccawaswalkingbackdownapathwhenshe____23____agroupofbison.Theyweremovingslowly,soshedecidedto____24____them—closerthantherecommendedsafetydistance.Asshepassedtheanimals,she____25____themomentonhersmartphone.Thingsgot____26____veryquicklywhenoneofthebison,apparently____27____,tooknotice.“Isawhimturn,”Rebeccarecalled,“and____28____Iknewhewasgoingtocomeafterme.”Shemadea____29____attempttorunaway,butitwastoolate.Thelargeanimal_____30_____frombehindandknockedherdown,itshorn(角)cuttingdeepintoherbody._____31_____,Rebeccawasstillawakeandabletomove.Shemanagedtotexthersonandtwofriendsforhelp.Shortlyafter,shewas_____32_____tothehospital,whereshestayedforsixdays,receivingintensive_____33_____care.Rebeccasharedhervideoonsocialmediasootherscouldlearnfromher_____34_____.“Thebestwaytocoexistwithwildanimalsistokeepa(n)_____35_____distancefromthem,”sheposted.21.A.attracts B.holds C.trains D.challenges22.A.threat B.prize C.limit D.draw23.A.thoughtof B.droveaway C.cameacross D.leftbehind24.A.lookafter B.waitfor C.playwith D.walkby25.A.appreciated B.recorded C.witnessed D.ignored26.A.admirable B.embarrassing C.dangerous D.interesting27.A.contented B.disturbed C.confused D.inspired28.A.instantly B.eventually C.directly D.gradually29.A.fruitless B.desperate C.brave D.serious30.A.watched B.shouted C.charged D.appeared31.A.Strangely B.Certainly C.Thankfully D.Naturally32.A.rushed B.forced C.invited D.followed33.A.skin B.wound C.health D.psychology34.A.experience B.treatment C.guidance D.discovery35.A.enormous B.emotional C.comfortable D.respectful【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.D25.B26.C27.B28.A29.A30.C31.C32.A33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了丽贝卡·克拉克在国家公园徒步时，因未与野牛保持安全距离而遭遇袭击受伤的经历。她康复后在社交媒体分享自己的经历，警示他人与野生动物共处时需保持适当距离。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公园以其绝美的红岩和绿原而闻名，吸引了大量游客，包括丽贝卡。A.attracts吸引；B.holds持有；C.trains训练；D.challenges挑战。根据上文“Knownforitsfantasticredrocksandgreenplains”可知，公园凭借独特景观“吸引”游客，这是常见的逻辑搭配，故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它还有另一个吸引人的地方——野生野牛，而这并没有引起她的注意。A.threat隐患，威胁；B.prize奖品；C.limit限制；D.draw吸引力。根据前文Knownforitsfantasticredrocksandgreenplains(以其奇特的红色岩石和绿色平原而闻名)可知，此处表示公园吸引人的地方还有野生野牛，作者在描述公园的特征。故选D。【23题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡正沿着小路往回走，突然遇到了一群野牛。A.thoughtof想到；B.droveaway赶走；C.cameacross遇到；D.leftbehind留下。根据下文“agroupofbison”以及后文发生的袭击事件可知，此处指徒步途中意外“遇到”野牛，故选C。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：野牛们走得很慢，所以她决定从它们身边走过——而且距离比建议的安全距离更近。A.lookafter照顾；B.waitfor等待；C.playwith和……玩耍；D.walkby走过。根据上文“Rebeccawaswalkingbackdownapath”以及下文“Asshepassedtheanimals”可知，丽贝卡是要“从野牛身边走过”，故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她从这些动物身边经过时，她用智能手机记录下了这一刻。A.appreciated欣赏；B.recorded记录；C.witnessed目睹；D.ignored忽视。根据下文“Rebeccasharedhervideoonsocialmedia”可知，她当时用手机“记录”了视频，故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当其中一头显然被惊扰到的野牛注意到她时，情况很快变得危险起来。A.admirable令人钦佩的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.dangerous危险的；D.interesting有趣的。根据下文“frombehindandknockedherdown,itshorn(角)cuttingdeepintoherbody”可知，野牛袭击丽贝卡，此时情况变得“危险”，故选C。【27题详析】7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当其中一头显然被惊扰到的野牛注意到她时，情况很快变得危险起来。A.contented满足的；B.disturbed被惊扰的；C.confused困惑的；D.inspired受启发的。根据下文野牛“comeafterme”的行为可知，野牛是被丽贝卡的靠近“惊扰”了，故选B。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我看到它转过身来，”丽贝卡回忆道，“我立刻就知道它要追我了。”A.instantly立刻；B.eventually最终；C.directly直接地；D.gradually逐渐地。根据上文野牛转身的动作以及下文“Iknewhewasgoingtocomeafterme”可知，丽贝卡“立刻”意识到危险，故选A。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她试图逃跑，但为时已晚，徒劳无功。A.fruitless无果的；B.desperate拼命的；C.brave勇敢的；D.serious严肃的。根据下文“butitwastoolate.(但为时已晚)”和 “knockedherdown,itshorn(角)cuttingdeepintoherbody.(用角猛撞她，角深深地刺进了她的身体。)可知，她没有逃跑成功。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这头庞大的动物从后面冲过来，把她撞倒在地，牛角深深刺入她的身体。A.watched观看；B.shouted喊叫；C.charged冲；D.appeared出现。根据下文“knockedherdown”的结果可知，野牛是“冲过来”袭击她，故选C。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，丽贝卡还清醒着，并且能够活动。A.Strangely奇怪地；B.Certainly当然；C.Thankfully值得庆幸地；D.Naturally自然地。根据下文“Rebeccawasstillawakeandabletomove”以及后文她成功求救可知，这是“值得庆幸的”事情，故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她被紧急送往医院，在那里住了六天，接受了intensive伤口护理。A.rushed紧急送往；B.forced强迫；C.invited邀请；D.followed跟随。根据上文丽贝卡被牛角刺伤的危急伤情可知，她会被“紧急送往”医院，故选A。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，她被紧急送往医院，在那里住了六天，接受了十分细致的伤口护理。A.skin皮肤；B.wound伤口；C.health健康；D.psychology心理。根据上文“itshorncuttingdeepintoherbody”可知，丽贝卡有很深的伤口，需要“伤口”护理，故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡在社交媒体上分享了她的视频，这样其他人就可以从她的经历中吸取教训。A.experience经历；B.treatment治疗；C.guidance指导；D.discovery发现。根据上文丽贝卡遭遇野牛袭击的事情并结合上文“Rebeccasharedhervideoonsocialmedia

”可知，她分享的是自己的“经历”以警示他人，故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“与野生动物共处的最佳方式是与它们保持适当的距离，”她发帖称。A.enormous巨大的；B.emotional情感的；C.comfortable舒适的；D.respectful适当的，值得尊重的。根据上文丽贝卡因距离野牛过近被袭击的教训并结合上文“Thebestwaytocoexistwithwildanimalsistokeep”可知，与野生动物共处需要保持“适当的”安全距离，“respectfuldistance”在此处可理解为符合安全规范的距离，故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Haveyouhadenough(orenuf)troublespellingEnglishwordstomakeyouwanttoscream(orskreem)?Youarenotalone.Partoftheproblem____36____(cause)bythediverseoriginsofEnglishwords.German,Latin,FrenchandGreekareallcommonsources,witheachfollowingadifferentsetofrulesforspelling.Infact,evenwithinanyoneoftheselanguages,itisimpossibletoguarantee____37____(consistent).SomeEnglishlearnersknowthatmemorizingtheLatinrootsofEnglishwordsisagreatway____38____(expand)theirvocabulary,butmostLatin-rootedwordsenteredEnglishfromFrenchaftertheNormanConquestofthe11thcentury.TheNormansusedFrenchasthelanguageofthecourt,____39____(throw)OldEnglish,aGermanicoriginlanguage,outofofficialusageforaround300years.BythetimeEnglishwasagainallowedatthecourt,itwasaFrench-influencedlanguage(MiddleEnglish).Therewasactuallynosetformofspelling.InGeoffreyChaucer’sCanterburyTales,thesamewordcanbefound____40____(spell)differentlyindifferentplaces.Thiswasnothisfault.Hewassimplyfollowingtherulesofspellingforhistime.Standardizationdidn’tcome____41____the15thcentury.Theuseoftheprintingpressandmassdistributionofbooksfrozethespellingofwords.Theveryspellingsystem____42____weusetodayisbasedonthepronunciationofthattime.Nowthestorygetsabittricky.Between1450and1750,Englishpronunciationwentthrough____43____expertscalltheGreatVowelShift.____44____thenatureofhowEnglishwordsarepronouncedhasevolved,thespellingsystemhasremainedlargelyunchanged.SupportersofEnglishspellingreformarguethatreplacingwordswithmorephoneticallyaccuratelettercombinationswillpromoteliteracy.Othersdon’tthinkso.Theysaythatthespellingsystemweusetodayleavesplentyofkey