江苏省宜兴市2024-2025学年高一上学期期中调研测试（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省宜兴市2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语调研测试第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThedocumentaryAllThatBreathes,featuringthebird-savingbrothersNadeemShehzadandMohammadSaudi,waspraisedhighlyamongthecritics.Thebirdstheysaveareblackkites(黑鸢).Thebrothershaveadeeploveforthismeat-eating,misunderstoodbird.Peoplethinkofthemasvicious(凶猛的)huntersbuttheyhuntonlywhentheyneedto,saythebrothers.Forthemostpart,thebirdsarescavengers(食腐动物).They’reanunlovedbird.Somepeopleareevenscaredofthem.NadeemShehzadcallstheweeksaftermid-July“abloodbath”.It’sagreattimeforkite-flyinginDelhi.Atthistimeofyear,thebrotherstakeinbirdafterbird,theirwingstornandbodiesbleeding,tothebirdhospitaltheyrunfromtheirhome.ManypeopleinDelhitakepartinapopularkite-fightinggameinwhichtheyaimtocutthroughthestrings(细绳)ofanopponent’skite.Theyusethemanja,akitewhosestringiscoatedwithpowderedglass.Theglass-coveredstringcanbeadangerforbirds.Foryears,thebrothershavetriedtobuildawarenessaboutthesedeadlykiteswhilestrugglingtosavethebirdvictims.Afterthesuccessofthedocumentary,donationspouredinfromallovertheworld.Attheendofthedocumentary,Nadeemwaspreparingtostudyveterinaryscience(兽医学)intheU.S.HewasacceptedataprivateuniversityinNorthCarolinabutwasn’tabletogobecausehis$5,000scholarshipwouldonlycover10%ofthecosts.“It’salwaysbeenadreamtostudyintheU.S.,”hesays.Hestillhopestogetformalscientifictrainingtoimprovetheknowledgeheandhisbrotherhavegainedontheirown.Forexample,themanjakitestringscausesuchdeepandcomplexwoundstobirds’wingsthatsomecanneverflyagain.Manyveterinarianstoldthemthatthesewoundssimplycannotheal(治愈)completely.However,Nadeemusedtheirowntechniquetohelpthosewiththeworstofinjuriesflyagain.Nadeemhopestoconductresearchandsharehisknowledgewiththewidercommunityofveterinariansandrescuers.21.Whatispeople’sattitudetowardsblackkitesaccordingtothebrothers?A.Positive. B.Unsure. C.Concerned. D.Negative.22.Whatendangersthelivesofblackkites?A.Theirlackoffood. B.Theirshortwings.C.Treatingthemasplaythings. D.Usingglass-coatedstringsonkites.23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“opponent”meaninparagraph2?A.friend. B.volunteer. C.competitor. D.supporter.24.WhatpreventedNadeemfromachievinghisdream?A.Hehadtotreatinjuredbirds.B.Hisinabilitytoaffordthecosts.C.Hehadtolookafterhisyoungerbrother.D.Hiswrongunderstandingofprivateuniversities.25.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthelastparagraph?A.Tospreadthebrothers’latestresearchfindings.B.Tocriticizetheveterinarians’lackofprofessionalism.C.Tostressthebrothers’loveforbirdrescueandtreatment.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofreceivingformalscientificeducation.【答案】21.D22.D23.C24.B25.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了受好评的纪录片《生生相息》中的Nadeem兄弟，他们救助受风筝玻璃线伤害的黑鸢，渴望深造以提升救助能力。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Peoplethinkofthemasvicious(凶猛的)huntersbuttheyhuntonlywhentheyneedto,saythebrothers.Forthemostpart,thebirdsarescavengers(食腐动物).They’reanunlovedbird.Somepeopleareevenscaredofthem.(兄弟俩说，人们认为他们是凶猛的猎手，但它们只在需要的时候狩猎。在大多数情况下，这些鸟是食腐动物。它们是一种不受欢迎的鸟，有些人甚至害怕它们)”可推知，人们对黑鸢的态度是负面的。故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ManypeopleinDelhitakepartinapopularkite-fightinggameinwhichtheyaimtocutthroughthestrings(细绳)ofanopponent’skite.Theyusethemanja,akitewhosestringiscoatedwithpowderedglass.Theglass-coveredstringcanbeadangerforbirds.(德里的许多人参加了一项流行的风筝格斗游戏，他们的目标是切断opponent的风筝线。他们使用manja，这是一种风筝线上涂有玻璃粉的风筝。玻璃覆盖的绳子可能对鸟类构成危险)”可知，风筝上的玻璃涂层线危及黑鸢的生命。故选D项。【23题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段第二段“ManypeopleinDelhitakepartinapopularkite-fightinggameinwhichtheyaimtocutthroughthestrings(细绳)ofanopponent’skite.Theyusethemanja,akitewhosestringiscoatedwithpowderedglass.(德里的许多人参加了一项流行的风筝格斗游戏，他们的目标是切断opponent的风筝线。他们使用manja，这是一种风筝线上涂有玻璃粉的风筝)”可知，在风筝格斗游戏中，人们要切断对方风筝的线，推测划线词opponent的意思是“对手，竞争者”，与competitor意思相近。故选C项。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“HewasacceptedataprivateuniversityinNorthCarolinabutwasn’tabletogobecausehis$5,000scholarshipwouldonlycover10%ofthecosts.(他被北卡罗来纳州一所私立大学录取，但未能入学，因为5000美元奖学金仅能覆盖10%的费用)”可知，无力承担费用阻碍了纳迪姆实现梦想。故选B项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hestillhopestogetformalscientifictrainingtoimprovetheknowledgeheandhisbrotherhavegainedontheirown.(他仍然希望接受正式的科学培训，以提高他和兄弟自己获得的知识)”以及“Nadeemhopestoconductresearchandsharehisknowledgewiththewidercommunityofveterinariansandrescuers.(Nadeem希望进行研究，并与更广泛的兽医和救援人员分享他的知识)”可知，他们希望接受正规科学训练，改进救助技术并分享知识，由此推知，作者写最后一段是为了凸显了他们对救助和治疗鸟类的热爱。故选C项。BSomeschoolsintheUSareconsideringwhethertobanchatbots(聊天机器人),whichuseartificialintelligence,orAI.However,somemathandcomputerscienceteachersthinkchatbots,whichenablestudentsto“learn”aboutsubjectsfromtheInternet,arejustanothertool.JackPricehastaughtmathusingWolframAlpha.Itisawebsitethatsolvesalgebraic(代数的)problemsonline.Ithaslongthreatenedtomakealgebrahomeworkathingofthepast.Teacherslearnedtoworkwithit,saidPrice.HeisanassistantprofessorofmathematicsandcomputerscienceattheUniversityofPugetSoundinWashington.PricedoesnotconsiderChatGPTasathreat,andheisnotalone.SomemathprofessorsbelieveAI,whenusedcorrectly,canhelpstrengthenmathlearning.Itisarrivingatatimewhenstudents’mathscoresareatahistoriclowandeducatorsarequestioningifmathshouldbetaughtdifferently.Pricemakessurestudentshavetheabilitytosolveproblemsontheirown.Then,hediscussesthelimitationsofthetechnologiestheymightwanttousewhentheygethome.“Computersarereallygoodatdoingboringthings,”Pricesaid.“Wedon’thavetodoalltheboringstuff.Wecanletthecomputerdoit.Andthenwecanknowtheanswerandthinkaboutwhatittellsusaboutthedecisionsweneedtomake.”MinSunisaneducationprofessorattheUniversityofWashington.Shethinksstudentsshouldusechatbotslikepersonaltutors.Ifstudentsdonotunderstandamathoperation,theycanaskChatGPTtoexplainitandgiveexamples.ShewantsteacherstouseChatGPTastheirownassistanttoplanmathlessons,givestudentsfeedbackandcommunicatewithparents.“Thisisparticularlyhelpfulforteacherswhoarenewtothejoborhavestudentswithdifferentneeds,”Sunsaid.MagdalenaBalazinskaisaprofessorataUniversityinWashington.ShewelcomesAI.“WiththesupportofAI,humansoftwareengineersgettofocusonthemostinterestingpartofcomputerscience:answeringbigsoftwaredesignquestions,”Balazinskasaid.26.WhatisWolframAlpha’sgoal?A.Makingstudents’learningofalgebraeasy.B.Cancellingstudents’homeworkofalgebra.C.Helpingstudentslearnmoreaboutalgebra.D.Gettingstudentstohavehighermathscores.27.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Traditionalmethodsworkwellonmath.B.Teachersfounditchallengingtoteachmath.C.ThetimeforAItobeusedinmathteachingiscoming.D.ItiswidelyacceptedthatChatGPTisdangerous.28.WhatcanChatGPTdoforstudentsaccordingtoMinSun?A.Dohomeworkforthem.B.Answertheirmathquestions.C.Findapersonaltutorforthem.D.Talkwithparentsontheirproblems.29.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThedifferentattitudestowardsAI.B.ThestrengthsandweaknessesofAI.C.TheapplicationofAIinthefutureuse.D.ThebenefitsofAIinthefieldofeducation.30.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Bysettingexamplesfromdailyuse.B.Bygivingopinionsfromprofessors.C.Bygivingfiguresfromexperiments.D.Byprovidingevidencefromresearch.【答案】26.A27.C28.B29.D30.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍美国部分学校考虑禁用AI聊天机器人，但多位教授认为其可辅助数学等教学，能助力学生学习与教师工作。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“JackPricehastaughtmathusingWolframAlpha.Itisawebsitethatsolvesalgebraic(代数的)problemsonline.(JackPrice使用WolframAlpha教授数学。这是一个在线解决代数难题的网站)”可知，WolframAlpha可以在线解决代数难题，由此可知，其目标是使学生的代数学习变得容易。故选A项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Itisarrivingatatimewhenstudents’mathscoresareatahistoriclowandeducatorsarequestioningifmathshouldbetaughtdifferently.(它的出现正值学生数学成绩处于历史低位，教育工作者质疑数学教学是否应该有所不同)”可推知，AI用于数学教学的时机即将到来。故选C项。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Ifstudentsdonotunderstandamathoperation,theycanaskChatGPTtoexplainitandgiveexamples.(如果学生不理解某个数学运算，他们可以让ChatGPT解释并给出例子)”可知，ChatGPT能为学生解答数学问题。故选B项。【29题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“SomeschoolsintheUSareconsideringwhethertobanchatbots(聊天机器人),whichuseartificialintelligence,orAI.However,somemathandcomputerscienceteachersthinkchatbots,whichenablestudentsto“learn”aboutsubjectsfromtheInternet,arejustanothertool.(美国的一些学校正在考虑是否禁止使用人工智能的聊天机器人。然而，一些数学和计算机科学教师认为，聊天机器人只是另一种工具，它使学生能够从互联网上“学习”科目)”、第二段“PricedoesnotconsiderChatGPTasathreat,andheisnotalone.SomemathprofessorsbelieveAI,whenusedcorrectly,canhelpstrengthenmathlearning.(Price并不认为ChatGPT是一种威胁，而且他并不孤单。一些数学教授认为，如果使用得当，人工智能可以帮助加强数学学习)”、第四段“MinSunisaneducationprofessorattheUniversityofWashington.Shethinksstudentsshouldusechatbotslikepersonaltutors.Ifstudentsdonotunderstandamathoperation,theycanaskChatGPTtoexplainitandgiveexamples.(MinSun是华盛顿大学的教育学教授。她认为学生应该像私人导师一样使用聊天机器人。如果学生不理解数学运算，他们可以要求ChatGPT解释并举例说明)”以及第五段“MagdalenaBalazinskaisaprofessorataUniversityinWashington.ShewelcomesAI.(MagdalenaBalazinska是华盛顿一所大学的教授。她欢迎人工智能)”可知，文章第一段提出美国一些学校在考虑是否禁止聊天机器人，而一些数学和计算机科学教师认为聊天机器人只是另一种工具，第二段到第五段分别介绍了不同教授对人工智能在教学中的应用及其看法，阐述了人工智能在教育领域的好处，所以文章主要介绍了人工智能在教育领域的好处。故选D项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“PricedoesnotconsiderChatGPTasathreat,andheisnotalone.SomemathprofessorsbelieveAI,whenusedcorrectly,canhelpstrengthenmathlearning.(Price并不认为ChatGPT是一种威胁，而且他并不孤单。一些数学教授认为，如果使用得当，人工智能可以帮助加强数学学习)”、第四段“MinSunisaneducationprofessorattheUniversityofWashington.Shethinksstudentsshouldusechatbotslikepersonaltutors.Ifstudentsdonotunderstandamathoperation,theycanaskChatGPTtoexplainitandgiveexamples.(MinSun是华盛顿大学的教育学教授。她认为学生应该像私人导师一样使用聊天机器人。如果学生不理解数学运算，他们可以要求ChatGPT解释并举例说明)”以及第五段“MagdalenaBalazinskaisaprofessorataUniversityinWashington.ShewelcomesAI.(MagdalenaBalazinska是华盛顿一所大学的教授。她欢迎人工智能)”可知，作者主要通过引用不同教授的观点来展开论述，介绍了他们对人工智能在数学教学中应用的看法。故选B项。CIheardsomegoodnewsrecently.My91-year-oldgrandfathercalledmetotesthisnewhearingaid.Forthefirsttimeinalongtime,hecouldhearmyvoice.Itthrilledusboth.Isoonfoundouttherewasanotherreasonwhymygrandparentsweresohappy—theirnewaudiologist(听觉病矫治专家),Anna.Unlikethepreviousprovidersthey’dbeendealingwith,Annagavetimeandattention.Annanotonlyensuredthenewhearingaidworkedasitshould,butalsoofferedtogotomygrandparents’apartmenttoshowthemhowtouseit.Suchkindnessmightsoundrare,butI’vesincestartedwondering:whatifit’smorecommonthanwethink?Itstartedwithsomeresearchthatshowedpeopleoftenunderestimatethewillingnessofstrangerstoengagewith,orevenbefriendthem.ThenIcameacrossastudythatsuggestednewscoverageofcurrentaffairstendstobemorenegativethanpositivebecausehumanstendtogivenegativeeventsmoreattention.Negativestoriescanattractourattentionandprepareusfordisappointment.Butifwedon’tengagewithpositiveones,theymightleadustobemorecriticaloftheworld,moredefensive(防御的)andlesshopefulthanweneedtobe.SoIthinksometimeswhatwehear,seeorevenknowmightnotbethewholepicture.Thetruthmightbehiddenfromus,requiringustonoticeanddiscoverit.Weshouldstartbyaskingourselveswhetherwearefocusingmoreonnegativeorpositivestories,andwhetherwearelettingnegativenewssurroundus.Maybeevenpayingmoreattentiontogoodnews,orpayingmoreattentiontosharinggoodnewswillhelp.Anna’sattitudewasremarkable.Shewentbeyondthecallofdutyand,uponleaving,refusedtoacceptanythingbutwordsasthanks.Whynotremindourselvesthat,forallofthebadthat’sintheworldandinthenews,behindthescenes,inpeople’sordinarylives,lieuntoldstoriesofextraordinarygood.31.HowwasAnnadifferentfrompreviousaudiologists?A.Shedisplayedmorepatienceandhonesty.B.Sheofferedherpatientspersonalassistance.C.Shepaidlittleattentiontoherpatients’needs.D.Sherefusedtoacceptpaymentforthehearingaid.32.Whyarenewsreportsoncurrenteventsusuallymorenegativethanpositive?A.Torevealthehardlifeinreality.B.Towarnpeopleofpotentialrisks.C.Toattractaudiencesmoreeffectively.D.Toencouragepeopletoseekoutthetruth.33.Whatisapotentialresultoffocusingonlyonnegativestories?A.Areducedsenseofsafety.B.Increasedcourageandhope.C.Amoreobjectiveviewoftheworld.D.Improvedabilitytodealwithstress.34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledo?A.Shareonlypositivenewsstories.B.Paynoattentiontonegativenews.C.Takeadvantageofothers’kindness.D.Maintainapositiveattitudetowardtheworld.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Avoidthebad. B.Displayyourkindness.C.Uncoverthegood. D.Prepareourselvesforthenegative.【答案】31.B32.C33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者通过祖父的经历和研究发现，人们往往低估陌生人的善意，而负面新闻的过度关注可能使我们更批判世界，作者呼吁关注并发现生活中的美好。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Unlikethepreviousprovidersthey’dbeendealingwith,Annagavetimeandattention.Annanotonlyensuredthenewhearingaidworkedasitshould,butalsoofferedtogotomygrandparents’apartmenttoshowthemhowtouseit.(与他们之前接触过的供应商不同，Anna付出了时间和精力。Anna不仅确保新的助听器正常工作，还主动提出去我祖父母的公寓教他们如何使用。)”可知，Anna与之前的听觉病矫治专家的不同在于她为病人提供了个人帮助。故选B。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThenIcameacrossastudythatsuggestednewscoverageofcurrentaffairstendstobemorenegativethanpositivebecausehumanstendtogivenegativeeventsmoreattention.(然后我看到一项研究表明，时事新闻报道往往负面多于正面，因为人类倾向于更多地关注负面事件。)”以及第五段中“Negativestoriescanattractourattentionandprepareusfordisappointment.(负面故事可以吸引我们的注意力，让我们为失望做好准备。)”可知，时事新闻报道通常是负面的多于正面的，是为了更有效地吸引观众。故选C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Butifwedon’tengagewithpositiveones,theymightleadustobemorecriticaloftheworld,moredefensive(防御的)andlesshopefulthanweneedtobe.(但是，如果我们不关注正面的新闻，它们可能会让我们对世界更加挑剔，更加防御，更加缺乏希望。)”可知，只关注负面故事可能会导致安全感降低。故选A。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“SoIthinksometimeswhatwehear,seeorevenknowmightnotbethewholepicture.Thetruthmightbehiddenfromus,requiringustonoticeanddiscoverit.Weshouldstartbyaskingourselveswhetherwearefocusingmoreonnegativeorpositivestories,andwhetherwearelettingnegativenewssurroundus.Maybeevenpayingmoreattentiontogoodnews,orpayingmoreattentiontosharinggoodnewswillhelp.(所以我想，有时候我们听到、看到甚至知道的可能不是全部。真相可能还未向我们显露，需要我们注意并发现它。我们应该先问问自己，我们是否更多地关注负面或正面的故事，我们是否让负面新闻包围着我们。也许，多关注好消息，或者多关注分享好消息，会有所帮助。)”以及最后一段中“Whynotremindourselvesthat,forallofthebadthat’sintheworldandinthenews,behindthescenes,inpeople’sordinarylives,lieuntoldstoriesofextraordinarygood.(我们为什么不提醒自己，尽管世界和新闻中有那么多不好的事情，但在幕后，在人们的日常生活中，却隐藏着无数非凡美好的故事。)”可知，作者建议人们对世界保持积极的态度。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第六段中“SoIthinksometimeswhatwehear,seeorevenknowmightnotbethewholepicture.Thetruthmightbehiddenfromus,requiringustonoticeanddiscoverit.(所以我想，有时候我们听到、看到甚至知道的可能不是全部。真相可能还未向我们显露，需要我们注意并发现它。)”以及最后一段“Whynotremindourselvesthat,forallofthebadthat’sintheworldandinthenews,behindthescenes,inpeople’sordinarylives,lieuntoldstoriesofextraordinarygood.(我们为什么不提醒自己，尽管世界和新闻中有那么多不好的事情，但在幕后，在人们的日常生活中，却隐藏着无数非凡美好的故事。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过祖父的经历和研究发现，人们往往低估陌生人的善意，而负面新闻的过度关注可能使我们更批判世界，呼吁关注并发现生活中的美好。可知，C选项“Uncoverthegood(发现美好)”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourpeersarethepeoplewhoarethesameageasyouorwhohavethesamestatusasyou.Whentheytrytoinfluenceyoutodosomething,it’scalledpeerpressure.____36____.Peerpressureoftenoccurswhenoneormoremembersofyoursocialgrouppressureyoutobehaveoractinparticularways.____37____,suchassmoking,drinkingalcohol,dangerousdriving,andmore.Peerpressuredoesn’tsuddenlyappearatacertainage.Peerpressuretranscends(超越)agegroupsandcanbeginbeforethefirstdayofschool.Onceachildbeginsseeingthemselvesasapartofacommunity,thedesiretofitinmayoccurforbetterorworse.____38____.Positivepeerpressurecanmotivateindividualstomakehealthychoices,suchasexercisingregularly,studyingdiligently,orengagingincommunityservice.Ontheotherhand,negativepeerpressuremayleadindividualstoadoptriskybehaviors,suchassmoking,drinkingalcohol,orengaginginillegalactivitiesinordertogainacceptanceorapprovalfromtheirpeers.____39____,buttherearewaysthatcanhelpindividualsdealwithsocialsituationsandmakedecisionsthatalign(一致)withtheirvaluesandwell-being.Aboveall,betruetoyourself.Taketimetoreflectonyourvalues,beliefsandgoals.Understandingwhoyouareandwhatisimportanttoyoucanhelpyoumakedecisionsthatareinlinewithyourtrueself,eveninthefaceofpeerpressure.____40____.Seekoutfriendsandpeerswhoshareyourvaluesandsupportyouinmakinghealthychoices.Buildingasupportivenetworkcanhelpyouresistnegativepeerpressureandfeelmoreconfidentinyourdecisions.A.PeerpressureisverycommonatschoolB.DealingwithpeerpressurecanbechallengingC.PeerpressurecanbebothpositiveandnegativeD.ItisoftenassociatedwithnegativeorharmfulactivitiesE.Moreimportantly,surroundyourselfwithpositiveinfluenceF.YoungpeopleareoftenaffectedbytheopinionsandbehaviorsoftheirpeersG.Thispressureoftenresultsfromadesiretobeacceptedortobelikedbyone’speers【答案】36.G37.D38.C39.B40.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了同伴压力的定义、成因、正负影响及应对方法，帮助读者理性看待。【36题详析】上文“Yourpeersarethepeoplewhoarethesameageasyouorwhohavethesamestatusasyou.Whentheytrytoinfluenceyoutodosomething,it’scalledpeerpressure.(你的同龄人是和你同龄或地位相同的人。当他们试图影响你去做某事时，这被称为同伴压力)”说明同伴压力的定义，空处应该进一步解释这种压力产生的原因，G选项“这种压力通常源于渴望被同龄人接受或喜欢的愿望”承接上文，解释了同伴压力产生的原因，符合语境。故选G。【37题详析】上文“Peerpressureoftenoccurswhenoneormoremembersofyoursocialgrouppressureyoutobehaveoractinparticularways.(当你的社交群体中的一个或多个成员迫使你以特定的方式行事或表现时，同伴压力就会发生)”说明同伴压力发生的情况，下文“suchassmoking,drinkingalcohol,dangerousdriving,andmore.(比如吸烟、喝酒、危险驾驶等等)”列举了同伴压力可能导致的负面行为，空处需建立上文“特定行事”与下文负面行为的关联，D选项“它通常与负面或有害的活动有关”承接上文，引出下文的具体例子，符合语境。故选D。【38题详析】下文“Positivepeerpressurecanmotivateindividualstomakehealthychoices,suchasexercisingregularly,studyingdiligently,orengagingincommunityservice.Ontheotherhand,negativepeerpressuremayleadindividualstoadoptriskybehaviors,suchassmoking,drinkingalcohol,orengaginginillegalactivitiesinordertogainacceptanceorapprovalfromtheirpeers.(积极的同伴压力可以激励个人做出健康的选择，比如定期锻炼、勤奋学习或参与社区服务。另一方面，负面的同伴压力可能会导致个人采取冒险行为，比如吸烟、喝酒或参与非法活动，以获得同龄人的接受或认可)”说明同伴压力有积极和消极两个方面，空处需概括这一核心逻辑，总领全段，C选项“同伴压力既有积极的也有消极的”概括了下文内容，符合语境。故选C。【39题详析】下文“buttherearewaysthatcanhelpindividualsdealwithsocialsituationsandmakedecisionsthatalignwiththeirvaluesandwell-being.(但是有一些方法可以帮助个人应对社交场合，并做出符合他们价值观和福祉的决策)”说明虽然应对同伴压力有挑战性，但是有方法可以帮助个人应对，空处需先强调应对同伴压力的难度，B选项“应对同伴压力可能具有挑战性”引出下文，形成转折关系，衔接自然。故选B。【40题详析】上文“Aboveall,betruetoyourself.Taketimetoreflectonyourvalues,beliefsandgoals.Understandingwhoyouareandwhatisimportanttoyoucanhelpyoumakedecisionsthatareinlinewithyourtrueself,eveninthefaceofpeerpressure.(最重要的是，做真实的自己。花时间反思你的价值观、信仰和目标。了解你是谁以及什么对你来说很重要，可以帮助你做出符合真实自我的决定，即使面对同伴压力)”说明做真实的自己的重要性，下文“Seekoutfriendsandpeerswhoshareyourvaluesandsupportyouinmakinghealthychoices.Buildingasupportivenetworkcanhelpyouresistnegativepeerpressureandfeelmoreconfidentinyourdecisions.(寻找那些与你有共同价值观并支持你做出健康选择的朋友和同龄人。建立一个支持性的网络可以帮助你抵制负面的同伴压力，并对自己的决定更有信心)”说明要与积极的人交往，空处需承接上文建议，引出新的应对方法，E选项“更重要的是，让自己置身于积极的影响之中”体现建议的递进关系，引出下文的具体做法，逻辑连贯。故选E。第三部分语言应用(共四节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneday,afriendinvitedmetorunahalfmarathon.Whoa!CouldIreallyrunformorethan13miles?Runformorethantwohours?Itseemedtobea(n)____41____mission.However,withapassionforacceptingchallenges,I____42____togiveitatry.____43____,weneverknowwhatwecandountilwe____44____.IsignedupandstartedtraininginJanuaryto____45____myselffortherace.TheMayeventdate____46____came.Thenightbeforetherace,Ionlysleptfourhours.Inthemorning,Itookabottleofenergydrink.Thebeginningfew____47____usuallythehardestforme——passedeasilyasItookinthesights,readthesignsofthespectators(观众)____48____uson,andenjoyedtheeventatmosphere.Atmile5,myfriendneededto____49____alittle.IwalkedwithherthoughIcouldkeeprunning.Atmile8,sheneededtowalkagain,butIdidn’t.Atmile11,Iwas____50____Iwasfullofenergy,feelinggreatIlookedovertomyfriendandsaid,“Doyoujustwanttorunthewholemarathon?”Iwasjust____51____,ofcourse,butitprovedthatmyhardwork____52____.IhadachievedmuchmorethanIthoughtpossible.Nowhavingbeena____53____formorethanthreeyears,withfourhalfmarathonsundermyfeet,Ihavemoreevents____54____forthisyearandrunningafullmarathonisn’toutofmy____55____anymore.41.A.interesting B.impossible C.flexible D.significant42.A.managed B.proposed C.considered D.determined43.A.Afterall B.Inturn C.Aboveall D.Atleast44.A.try B.practice C.work D.achieve45.A.devote B.occupy C.prepare D.engage46.A.naturally B.finally C.formally D.basically47.A.steps B.miles C.points D.actions48.A.promoting B.driving C.cheering D.pushing49.A.walk B.run C.rush D.move50.A.worried B.confused C.satisfied D.astonished51.A.explaining B.reminding C.joking D.advising52.A.workedout B.tookover C.turnedup D.paidoff53.A.runner B.winner C.student D.teacher54.A.proposed B.demanded C.planned D.required55.A.sight B.reach C.mind D.vision【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.A45.C46.B47.B48.C49.A50.D51.C52.D53.A54.C55.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述受邀参加半程马拉松，作者起初觉得不可能，却因热爱挑战报名训练，最终顺利完赛。如今作者已是资深跑者，全程马拉松也不再遥不可及。【41题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是一项不可能完成的任务。A.interesting有趣的；B.impossible不可能的；C.flexible灵活的；D.significant重要的。根据上文“CouldIreallyrunformorethan13miles?Runformorethantwohours?”的质疑可知，作者认为半程马拉松难度极大，impossible符合“超出自身认知、难以实现”的语境。故选B项。【42题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，怀着接受挑战的热情，我决心试一试。A.managed设法做到；B.proposed提议；C.considered考虑；D.determined决心。根据上文“passionforacceptingchallenges”可知，作者有挑战欲，因此下定决心尝试，determined符合“坚定想要做某事”的语境。故选D项。【43题详析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：毕竟，在我们尝试之前，永远不知道自己能做到什么。A.Afterall毕竟；B.Inturn反过来；C.Aboveall首要的是；D.Atleast至少。根据下文“weneverknowwhatwecandountilwe.”以及语境可知，后文是对“决心尝试”的理由补充，强调“尝试是了解自身能力的前提”这一客观事实，Afterall用于补充说明理由，符合语境。故选A项。【44题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，在我们尝试之前，永远不知道自己能做到什么。A.try尝试；B.practice练习；C.work工作；D.achieve实现。根据上文“giveitatry”可知，此处强调“尝试”的重要性，try为原词复现，符合语境。故选A项。【45题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我报名参加了，并在1月份开始训练，为比赛做好准备。A.devote致力于；B.occupy占据；C.prepare准备；D.engage参与。根据下文“startedtraining”以及语境可知，训练的目的是为比赛做准备，prepareoneselffor，是固定搭配，意为“为……做好准备”，符合语境。故选C项。【46题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：五月的比赛日期终于到了。A.naturally自然地；B.finally终于；C.formally正式地；D.basically基本上。根据上文“IsignedupandstartedtraininginJanuary”以及语境可知，从1月开始训练到5月比赛，经历了一段时间的等待，finally体现“经过一段时间后终于到来”的语境。故选B项。【47题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最初的几英里——对我来说通常是最难的——过得很顺利。A.steps脚步；B.miles英里；C.points要点；D.actions行动。根据下文“Atmile5”和“Atmile8”可知，比赛以“英里”为距离单位，miles为原词复现，符合语境。故选B项。【48题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欣赏着风景，读着观众为我们加油的标语，享受着活动氛围。A.promoting促进；B.driving驱使；C.cheering欢呼、加油；D.pushing推动。根据上文“spectators”以及语境可知，观众会为参赛者加油，cheeron是固定搭配，意为“为……加油”，符合语境。故选C项。【49题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在5英里处，我的朋友需要走一会儿。A.walk走路；B.run跑步；C.rush冲；D.move移动。根据下文“IwalkedwithherthoughIcouldkeeprunning”可知，朋友此时无法继续跑步，需要走路，walk为原词复现。故选A项。【50题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在11英里处，我感到惊讶——我精力充沛，状态很好……A.worried担心的；B.confused困惑的；C.satisfied满意的；D.astonished惊讶的。根据上文“CouldIreallyrunformorethan13miles?Runformorethantwohours?”以及语境可知，前文作者对自己能力有所质疑，所以这里指作者没想到自己在11英里处仍有充沛精力，astonished符合“超出预期的惊讶”的语境。故选D项。【51题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，我只是在开玩笑，但这证明了我的努力没有白费。A.explaining解释；B.reminding提醒；C.joking开玩笑；D.advising建议。根据上文“runthewholemarathon”和前文讲的半程马拉松赛程可知，作者并非真的要跑全程，只是玩笑话，joking符合语境。故选C项。【52题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，我只是在开玩笑，但这证明了我的努力得到了回报。A.workedout解决；B.tookover接管；C.turnedup出现；D.paidoff得到回报。根据上文“Atmile11,IwasIwasfullofenergy”以及语境可知，作者在11英里处仍状态良好，超出自身预期，说明之前的训练努力有了效果，paidoff符合“努力获得成功或回报”的语境。故选D项。【53题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我已经成为一名跑步爱好者三年多了，完成了四次半程马拉松。A.runner跑步者、跑步爱好者；B.winner获胜者；C.student学生；D.teacher老师。根据下文“fourhalfmarathonsundermyfeet”可知，作者持续参与跑步比赛，runner符合“长期跑步并参与赛事的人”的语境。故选A项。【54题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年我还有更多赛事计划参加，跑全程马拉松也不再遥不可及。A.proposed提议；B.demanded要求；C.planned计划；D.required要求。根据下文“runningafullmarathonisn’toutofmyanymore”可知，作者对后续赛事有规划，planned符合“预先安排要做的事”的语境。故选C项。【55题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年我还有更多赛事计划参加，跑全程马拉松也不再遥不可及。A.sight视力；B.reach范围；C.mind头脑；D.vision视野。根据上文“runningafullmarathonisn’toutofmy”以及语境可知，这里指全程马拉松对作者来说不再是难以实现的目标，outofreach是固定搭配，意为“遥不可及、够不到”，符合语境。故选B项。第二卷(共55分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThePoliceDogBrigadeofthecriminalPoliceDetachment(刑警支队警犬大队)inHechuanDistrict,Chongqinghas____56____(successful)trainedthefirstgroupofdrug-sniffingsquirrels(缉毒松鼠)inChina.____57____achievementwaspartofthecountry’snationalkeyresearchanddevelopmentproject,whichtriedtofindthecreation____58____newtrainingmethodsfordrug-detectionanimals.Apparently,scientists____59____(be)awareofsquirrels’keensenseofsmellforalongtime,butuntilnowrodent(啮齿动物)trainingmethodshavenotbeen____60____(advance)enough.Lastmonth,Chinesenewsmedia____61____(report)thatthesixspecially-traineddrug-detectionsquirrelswouldsoonstartworkingwiththepolice,____62____(help)themfindhiddenforbiddendrugs.YinJin,theleadtraineroftheHechuanpolicedogbrigade,toldjournaliststhatheandhisteammanagedtotrainthesixsquirrelsusinginternallydevelopedtechnologyandtrainingmethods.Therodentswerereportedlytrainedtoscratch(抓)attheplace____63____theydetecte