【英语】2023年高考真题-全国乙卷

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国乙卷)英语学科第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inthebookstore.B．Intheregisteroffice.C．Inthedormbuilding.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny.B．Cloudy.C．Rainy.3．Whatdoesthemanwanttodoontheweekend?A．Dosomegardening.B．Haveabarbecue.C．Gofishing.4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Anewoffice.B．Achangeoftheirjobs.C．Aformercolleague.5．WhatdoweknowaboutAndrew?A．He’soptimistic.B．He’sactive.C．He’sshy.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whichofthefollowingdoesthewomandislike?A．Thebedroom.B．Thesittingroom.C．Thekitchen.7．Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydonext?A．Gotoanotheragency.B．Seesomeotherflats.C．Visittheneighbours.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whatisthemandoing?A．He’smakingaphonecall.B．He’schairingameeting.C．He’shostingaprogram.9．WhatmakesMrsJohnsonworriedaboutherdaughterinAfrica?A．Lackofmedicalsupport.B．Inconvenienceofcommunication.C．Poortransportationsystem.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatpositiondoesthemanapplyfor?A．Asalesperson.B．Anengineer.C．Anaccountant.11．Whichaspectofthecompanyappealstotheman?A．Thecompanyculture.B．Thefreeaccommodations.C．Thecompetitivepay.12．Whatisdifficultforthemantodealwith?A．Interpersonalrelationships.B．Quality-quantitybalance.C．Unplannedhappenings.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．HowdoesRobertsoundwhenspeakingofhisbeingawriter?A．Hopeful.B．Grateful.C．Doubtful.14．WhatwasRobertlikebeforehewas9yearsold?A．Hehadwildimagination.B．Heenjoyedsports.C．Helovedscience.15．WhatdidRobert’sfatherdo?A．Ateacher.B．Acoach.C．Alibrarian.16．WhathelpedRobertbecomeawriter?A．Writingdaily.B．Listeningtostories.C．Readingextensively.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WherewasOpenTchaikovskyCompetitionheldin1986?A．InMoscow.B．InChelyabinsk.C．InBerlin.18．WhatdoesMaximsayaboutthecompetitionheattendedat10?A．Itinspiredmanyyoungmusicians.B．Itwasthemusiceventofhisdreams.C．Itwasalife-changingexperience.19．Whichkindofmusicaretheyoungplayersrequiredtoplay?A．Rockmusic.B．Popmusic.C．Classicalmusic.20．WhatdoesMaximvaluemostinyoungplayers’performance?A．Expressiveness.B．Smoothness.C．Completeness.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence，shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(证明)ofherabilityasadoctor，shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut，dressedasaman，shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813，thenjoinedtheBritishArmy，servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859，havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461—1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However，Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511，Tanwroteabook，SayingsofaFemaleDoctor，describingherlifeasaphysician.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater，shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865，wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性从医人员的生平与事迹。21．WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon?A．Doingteachingjobs.B．Beinghiredasphysicians.C．Performingsurgery.D．Beingbannedfrommedicine.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。通过第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence，shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.”以及第二部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813...”可推知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。22．HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners?A．Shewroteabook.B．Shewentthroughtrials.C．Sheworkedasadentist.D．Shehadformaleducation.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，再根据第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook，SayingsofaFemaleDoctor，describingherlifeasaphysician”可推知，谈允贤与其他医学从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。23．WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree?A．JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B．TanYunxian.C．JamesBarry.D．RebeccaLeeCrumpler.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。通过第四部分中的“Fouryearslater，shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。BLivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge，mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar，eitherfarmfieldsorhighways，sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots，Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake，Wisconsin，toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks，wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However，wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace，itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still，lookingbackonthephotos，theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师的经历和收获。24．HowdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscapephotographerintheMidwest?A．Byteamingupwithotherphotographers.B．Byshootinginthecountrysideorstateparks.C．Bystudyingthegeographicalconditions.D．Bycreatingsettingsinthecornfields.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。通过第二段中的“Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。25．Whatisthekeytosuccessfullandscapephotographyaccordingtotheauthor?A．Propertimemanagement.B．Goodshootingtechniques.C．Adventurousspirit.D．Distinctivestyles.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。通过第三段以及最后一段中的“Still，lookingbackonthephotos，theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键在于适当的时间管理。故选A。26．Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’stripwithfriendstoDevil’sLake?A．Theywentcrazywiththepurplequartzrock.B．Theyfeltstressedwhilewaitingforthesunset.C．Theyreachedtheshootingspotlaterthanexpected.D．Theyhadproblemswiththeirequipment.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。通过最后一段中的“However，wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。27．HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A．Amusing. B．Satisfying.C．Encouraging. D．Comforting.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。通过最后一段中的“Still，lookingbackonthephotos，theyaresomeofmybestshots...”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。CWhatcomesintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofBritishfood?Probablyfishandchips，oraSundaydinnerofmeatandtwovegetables.ButisBritishfoodreallysouninteresting?EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine，itisproducingmoretopclasschefswhoappearfrequentlyonourtelevisionscreensandwhoserecipebooksfrequentlytopthebestsellerlists.It’sthankstotheseTVchefsratherthananyadvertisingcampaignthatBritonsareturningawayfrommeat-and-two-vegandready-mademealsandbecomingmoreadventurousintheircookinghabits.ItisrecentlyreportedthatthenumberofthosestickingtoatraditionaldietisslowlydecliningandaroundhalfofBritain’sconsumerswouldliketochangeorimprovetheircookinginsomeway.TherehasbeenariseinthenumberofstudentsapplyingforfoodcoursesatUKuniversitiesandcolleges.ItseemsthatTVprogrammeshavehelpedchangewhatpeoplethinkaboutcooking.Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto，andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills，andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV，it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国人在烹饪节目的影响下改变对烹饪的看法并尝试新的烹饪习惯。28．WhatdopeopleusuallythinkofBritishfood?A．Itissimpleandplain.B．Itisrichinnutrition.C．Itlacksauthentictastes.D．Itdeservesahighreputation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段前三句以及第四句中的“EventhoughBritainhasareputationforless-than-impressivecuisine...”可知，人们通常会觉得英国食物平淡无奇。故选A。29．WhichbestdescribescookeryprogrammesonBritishTV?A．Authoritative. B．Creative.C．Profitable. D．Influential.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句和最后一句以及第三段内容可知，英国的烹饪节目能够改变英国人对烹饪的看法，尝试从传统的英式饮食走出来，尝试新的烹饪习惯，由此推知英国的烹饪节目具有很大的影响力。故选D。30．Whichisthepercentageofthepeopleusingmorediverseingredientsnow?A．20%.B．24%.C．25%.D．33%.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto...”可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D。31．Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A．Theartofcookinginothercountries.B．MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C．TablemannersintheUK.D．Studiesofbigeaters.【答案】B【解析】后续内容题。根据第三段最后一句“WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV，it’snolonger‘uncool’forboystolikecooking.”可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B。DIfyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld，ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity，youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone，becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts，whilemostoftheworld，formostofthetime，hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements，anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.Ideallyahistorywouldbringtogethertextsandobjects，andsomechaptersofthisbookareabletodojustthat，butinmanycaseswesimplycan’t.Theclearestexampleofthisbetweenliterateandnon-literatehistoryisperhapsthefirstconflict，atBotanyBay，betweenCaptainCook’svoyageandtheAustralianAboriginals.FromtheEnglishside，wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside，wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.Ifwewanttoreconstructwhatwasactuallygoingonthatday，theshieldmustbequestionedandinterpretedasdeeplyandstrictlyasthewrittenreports.Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides，therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted，especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino，theAustralianAboriginals，theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas，allofwhomappearinthisbook，canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese，allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted，onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation，wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts，buttheobjects.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。32．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howpasteventsshouldbepresented.B．Whathumanityisconcernedabout.C．Whetherfactsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Whywrittenlanguageisreliable.【答案】A【解析】段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。33．WhatdoestheauthorindicatebymentioningCaptainCookinparagraph2?A．Hisreportwasscientific.B．Herepresentedthelocalpeople.C．HeruledoverBotanyBay.D．Hisrecordwasone-sided.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段首句可推断，作者认为历史应该是文本和物品相结合的产物，但是很多情况下，我们做不到。再根据所举例子的下文“FromtheEnglishside，wehavescientificreportsandthecaptain’srecordofthatterribleday.FromtheAustralianside，wehaveonlyawoodenshield(盾)droppedbyamaninflightafterhisfirstexperienceofgunshot.”可知，作者举这个例子是为了说明船长的记录是片面的，只从自己的角度描述了问题。故选D。34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A．Problem. B．History.C．Voice. D．Society.【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段可知，不能仅仅通过文本讲述历史，再根据画线单词上文可知，物品同样能讲述历史，文字描述只能说明一半的历史。画线句“Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation，wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts，buttheobjects.”强调解读物品来了解历史的另一半。所以conversation指的是“历史”。故选B。35．Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A．HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB．AShortHistoryofAustraliaC．AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD．HowArtWorksTellStories【答案】C【解析】文章出处题。根据第一段、第二段最后一句以及最后一段的二、三句和最后一句可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好地了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch，butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome._36，butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swell-beingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情)，reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.What’smore，indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants，alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants，areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK，especiallyinthewinter.37.Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra，whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens，says，“38.Ifindduringthewintermonths，plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity，focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases，suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.39.Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera，peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets，gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones，andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“40，”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”A．AllplantsaredifferentB．NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC．TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD．Instead，theygrowbetterinside，whereitiswarmerE．Plantslikepeaceliliesanddevil’sivyareamongthebestF．ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG．Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。36．【答案】B【解析】根据下文“butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeople’swell-beingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情)，reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成notonly...but...“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B项(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。37．【答案】D【解析】根据上文“Manyofthesespecies(物种)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK，especiallyinthewinter.”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D项(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。38．【答案】C【解析】根据下文“Ifindduringthewintermonths，plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C项(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。39．【答案】E【解析】根据上文“Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases，suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E项(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做得最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。40．【答案】G【解析】根据上文“Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones，andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G项(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeople’slivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent，GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe41best.Shehadto42herbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay43tohertwodogsandtothebeach，whereshelovedto44wavesonherboard.Butitwas45totaketheleap(飞跃)，however46itwouldbe.Evenat14，Douglasknewthat.Soshe47about1,200milesawayfromhome，to48withacoachfromChina.Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever49andeverythingwasnewtoher.Asitturnedout，Douglasdid50whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshe51twoRussians.TheChinesecoach52Douglasintooneofthebestgymnastsinthe53，helpingherskyrocketfroman54memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport.By55theOlympicall-aroundtitle，shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.She56thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend.Shesaidshehadfelt57allalongthatshewouldwin.Notsolongago，MarthaKarolyi,thecoordinator(联络人)ofthewomen’snationalteam，didnotthinkDouglashadwhatit58tobeanOlympian.Astimewentby，shethought59thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames—andwin.“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople，”shesaid.“I’mreadyto60.”Andshineshedid.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国体操运动员GabbyDouglas从一个普通的国家队运动员到成为世界上最好的体操运动员之一，赢得奥运会全能冠军，并成为第一个获此殊荣的黑人女性的经过。41．A.tried B．thoughtC．judged D．knew【答案】D【解析】try尝试；think思考；judge判断；know知道，熟悉，了解。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent”和下文“1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas放弃她最熟悉的一切，来到一个陌生的地方。故选D。42．A.takeup B．packupC．cleanup D．doup【答案】B【解析】takeup从事；packup整理，收拾行李；cleanup清理；doup装修。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”和下文“herbedroominVirginia”可知，GabbyDouglas整理好她的卧室，准备离开这里。故选B。43．A.goodbye B．helloC．thanks D．no【答案】A【解析】goodbye再见；hello你好；thanks感谢；no没有，不。由上文“GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverything”可知，GabbyDouglas要离开自己的家，所以与家里的狗说再见。故选A。44．A.cause B．observeC．ride D．strike【答案】C【解析】cause引起；observe观察；ride骑，漂浮；strike打击。由下文“wavesonherboard”可知，此处表示“冲浪”，ridethewaves意为“冲浪”。故选C。45．A.common B．timeC．fun D．tough【答案】B【解析】common常见的；time时间；fun乐趣；tough艰苦的。由下文“Evenat14，Douglasknewthat.”可知，虽然离开自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了。故选B。46．A.breathtaking B．heartbreakingC．eye-catching D．head-spinning【答案】B【解析】breathtaking激动人心的；heartbreaking令人心碎的，令人伤心的；eye-catching引人注目的；head-spinning头晕的。根据上文提到的GabbyDouglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心的。故选B。47．A.droppedout B．movedonC．pulledover D．wentoff【答案】D【解析】dropout退出；moveon继续；pullover靠边停车；gooff离开。由下文“about1,200milesawayfromhome”可知，GabbyDouglas到了一个离家1200英里的地方。故选D。48．A.reason B．talkC．compete D．train【答案】D【解析】reason推理；talk谈话；compete竞争；train训练。由上文“TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all-aroundevent”和下文“withacoachfromChina”可知，为了成为个人全能项目的奥运冠军，GabbyDouglas离开家去和一位来自中国的教练一起训练。故选D。49．A.met B．helpedC．understood D．needed【答案】A【解析】meet遇到，见过；help帮助；understand理解；need需要。由下文“everythingwasnewtoher”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起。故选A。50．A.approximately B．graduallyC．exactly D．possibly【答案】C【解析】approximately大约；gradually逐渐地；exactly准确地，完全；possibly可能地。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle，shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，GabbyDouglas获得了奥运会全能冠军，由此可知，她完全做到了她成为奥运冠军所需要做的一切。故选C。51．A.defeated B．pleasedC．respected D．assisted【答案】A【解析】defeat打败；please使高兴；respect尊敬；assist帮助。由上文“whatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampion”和下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle，shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas击败了两名俄罗斯选手，成为奥运冠军。故选A。52．A.forced B．transformedC．persuaded D．put【答案】B【解析】force强迫；transform转换，改造，彻底改变；persuade劝说；put放。由下文“Douglasintooneofthebestgymnasts”可知，这位中国教练让Douglas变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，o...是固定搭配，意为“使……变成……”。故选B。53．A.world B．cityC．team D．state【答案】A【解析】world世界；city城市；team团队；state国家。由下文“tothetopofsport”可知，这位中国教练让她变成了全世界最好的体操运动员之一。故选A。54．A.amateur B．electedC．average D．enthusiastic【答案】C【解析】amateur业余爱好的；elected当选的；average普通的；enthusiastic热情的。由下文“memberofthenationalteamtothetopofthesport”可知，这位中国教练帮助Douglas从国家队的普通队员一跃成为体操运动的顶尖选手。故选C。55．A.clarifying B．defendingC．winning D．demanding【答案】C【解析】clarify澄清；defend保卫，保护；win赢得；demand要求。由下文“theOlympicall-aroundtitle，shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso”可知，Douglas赢得了奥运会全能冠军。故选C。56．A.followed B．organizedC．watched D．led【答案】D【解析】follow跟随；organize组织；watch观看；lead带领，领先。由下文“thecompetitionfrombeginningtoend”可知，比赛过程中，Douglas一直领先于竞争对手。故选D。57．A.confident B．nervousC．excited D．uneasy【答案】A【解析】confident自信的，坚信的；nervous紧张的；excited兴奋的；uneasy不安的。由下文“allalongthatshewouldwin”可知，Douglas一直坚信自己会赢。故选A。58．A.viewed B．appearedC．mattered D．took【答案】D【解析】view看待；appear出现；matter重要；take需要。由下文“tobeanOlympian”可知，此处表示MarthaKarolyi认为Douglas不具备成为奥运选手所需要的条件，空处表示“需要”。故选D。59．A.nowandthen B．moreandmoreC．farandwide D．onandon【答案】B【解析】nowandthen时不时地；moreandmore越来越多；farandwide广泛地；onandon不断地。由上文“Astimewentby”和下文“thatshecouldmaketheLondonGames—andwin”可知，随着时间的推移，Karoly越来越相信Douglas能够赢得伦敦奥运会。故选B。60．A.shine B．flyC．dance D．score【答案】A【解析】shine照耀，发光；fly飞行；dance跳舞；score得分。由上文“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople”和下文“Andshineshedid.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人。故选A。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums，narrowhutong61.royalpalaces，itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout，withthecitykeepingitscarefully62.(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings，Beijingisalsoaplace63.welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife，with21st-centuryarchitectural64.(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,65.somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.66.(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years，I67.(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew，andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer，Ihavespentthelasttwoyears68.(record)everythingIdiscovered.The69.(remark)developmentofthiscity，whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,70.(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere，andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。61．【答案】to【解析】考查介词。根据上文的“FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。62．【答案】built【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“systemofringroads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。63．【答案】which/that【解析】考查定语从句。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“aplace”，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。64．【答案】wonders【解析】考查名词的复数。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historicalbuildingsofthepast”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。65．【答案】but/yet【解析】考查连词。空前“Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork”和空后“somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination”之间存在转折关系，用but/yet。故填but/yet。66．【答案】Havingvisited【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词充当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“overthelast10years”可知，用现在完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成式；置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Havingvisited。67．【答案】amamazed【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这里为本句的谓语动词，此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填amamazed。68．【答案】recording【解析】考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词作宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。69．【答案】remarkable【解析】考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“developmentofthiscity”。故填remarkable。70．【答案】means【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这里为本句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语development为单数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastFridaymymomdecidedtocolorhishair.Shestudiedwithallthehairproductsatthedrugstore.Thecolorshechoosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawomanthathaircolorlookedjustperfect.Momwassuresamecolorwo