高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语A 满分练3 　阅读理解+七选五阅读

满分练(三)阅读理解+七选五阅读高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2025Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024湖南永州三模)Whencreativearchitecturalmindsaregivenfreereignovertheircreations,sometrulyuniquebuildingsareborn.Habitat

67(Montreal,Canada)Habitat67’suniquearchitecturewasdesignedbyayoungCanadian-IsraeliimmigrantnamedMosheSafdieforMontreal’s1967UniversalExposition(博览会).Thebuildingwasdesignedtointegratetheadvantagesofsuburbanliving—namelyprivacy,gardensandmultiplefloors—inanurbanenvironment.Sagrada

Familia(Barcelona,Spain)WhenmodernistarchitectAntoniGauditookupthereinsin1883,ayearaftertheconstructionbegan,heturnedjustanotherchurchintohismasterpiece.ItscomplexdesignsandthemesmaketheSagradaFamiliaamongthemostuniquearchitectureintheworld.Whenit’sfinallyfinishedin2026,itsiconicdesignwillhavelongsincebeenestablishedasoneofthegreatachievementsofarchitecture.Longaberger

Basket

Building(Newark,America)Thereareplentyofbuildingsouttherethatreflecttheirpurpose,liketheKansasCitylibrarythatlookslikearowofbooks.TheLongabergerBasketBuildingisoneofthiskind.HeadofficeoftheLongabergerCompanyproducesbasketswhichcanbefoundaroundtheworld.TheLongabergerfounder’ssonwantedalltheotherLongabergerbuildingstolooklikeitsproductstoo.Atomium(Brussels,Belgium)AnotherexampleofanoffbeatconstructionforaWorld’sFair,theAtomiumwasbuiltforthe1958editionoftheUniversalExpositionheldinBrussels,BelgiumbyAndréWaterkeyn.UnlikeHabitat67,itwasn’tmeanttobearesidentialbuilding.Insteaditcontainsexhibitionroomsandpublichalls.Thebuildingitselfisdesignedtobeacopyofthestructureofironcrystal.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四种独特的建筑。1.Whichofthefollowingbuildingshasn’tbeencompletedbynow?A.Habitat67.B.SagradaFamilia.C.LongabergerBasketBuilding.D.Atomium.答案

B解析

细节理解题。根据文中Sagrada

Familia

(Barcelona,Spain)部分的“When

it’s

finally

finished

in

2026,its

iconic

design

will

have

long

since

been

established

as

one

of

the

great

achievements

of

architecture.”可知,Sagrada

Familia目前还没完工。2.WhatdoesLongabergerBasketBuildinglooklike?A.Abasket.

B.Agarden.C.Arowofbooks. D.Anironcrystal.答案

A解析

细节理解题。根据文中Longaberger

Basket

Building

(Newark,America)部分的“Head

office

of

the

Longaberger

Company

produces...look

like

its

products

too.”可知,Longaberger的建筑看起来像它自己的产品,也就是篮子。3.WhatdoHabitat67andAtomiumhaveincommon?A.Theyareresidentialbuildings.B.TheywerebuiltforWorld’sFairs.C.TheyweredesignedbyMosheSafdie.D.Theycontainexhibitionroomsandpublichalls.答案

B解析

细节理解题。根据文中Habitat

67

(Montreal,Canada)部分的“Habitat

67’s

unique

architecture

was

designed

by

a

young

Canadian-Israeli

immigrant

named

Moshe

Safdie

for

Montreal’s

1967

Universal

Exposition(博览会).”和Atomium

(Brussels,Belgium)部分的“Another

example

of

an

offbeat

construction

for

a

World’s

Fair,the

Atomium

was

built

for

the

1958

edition

of

the

Universal

Exposition

held

in

Brussels,Belgium

by

André

Waterkeyn.”可知,这两个建筑都是为了世界博览会而修建的。B(2024安徽合肥二模)WhenIwasateenageboy,myparentssignedmeupinalocaljuniorgolfcamp.Fromthatmoment,mylifehasbeenprettymuchdevotedtothegame.WhenIplaygolf,there’salwaysachanceofmakingsomethingmagicalhappen—whetherit’sbreakingapersonalrecordorpotentiallymakingahole-in-one.Thisistheaspectofgolfthatattractedmeingrowingup.However,IhadtotakeabreakbecauseIcouldn’treallyaffordtoplaywhileincollege,sufferingfromburnout.I’dstillgooutonceinawhiletoplaywithfriends,butforthefirsttimesincemyteens,Iwasawayfrommycommunity.Severalyearslater,myenthusiasmforplayinggolfwasinspiredagain.IbecamefamiliarwiththegameagainafterplayingonandoffatLangstonGolfCourse.FromthemomentIarrived,thisplacefeltlikeoneofthecourseswhereIgrewup:Amodestspotwherepeopleofallworking-classbackgroundscametoexperiencethegame,eatlunchorhaveadrink.ThesenseofcommunityI’veregainedwiththegameismorethanI’veeverimagined.Ilikehikingaround,chasingalittlewhiteballaroundagolfcourse.Ialsolikeconnectingwitholdfriendsandmeetingnewones.SomeI’vebeenplayingwithsincehighschool,andourtextthreadsareloadedwithtrashtalkaboutwho’splayingwellandwhoisn’t.They’reusuallytheonesspurringmetopracticeandgetbetter.Weshareexperiencesonthegolfcoursethatarememorableandhavestoriesfordays:Mycircleonlyseemstobeexpanding,andI’mexcitedtoseewhatthefutureholds.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与高尔夫球的深厚情感,不仅仅将其视为一项运动,更是一种生活方式和社交方式。4.Whywastheauthoronceawayfromhisgolfcommunity?A.Hecouldn’tsparetimetoplaygolf.B.Hedidn’tfeelasenseofachievement.C.Hewantedtomakemorenewfriends.D.Hetriedtogetoutofhisparents’control.答案

A解析

推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“However,I

had

to

take

a

break

because

I

couldn’t

really

afford

to

play

while

in

college,suffering

from

burnout.”可推知,作者曾经离开他的高尔夫社团是因为他抽不出时间去打高尔夫。5.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutLangstonGolfCourse?A.Itcarriedhispastmemories.B.Itremindedhimtokeepmodest.C.Itofferedhimasenseofbelonging.D.Itwitnessedhisaccomplishments.答案

C解析

推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“From

the

moment

I

arrived...eat

lunch

or

have

a

drink.”可知,作者认为Langston

Golf

Course给了他一种归属感。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spurring”inparagraph4mean?A.Hating. B.Warning.C.Forbidding D.Pushing.答案

D解析

词义猜测题。根据上下文可知,他们通常是激励作者练习和变成更好的人。由此可知,spur意为“激励,促进”。7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Golf:MyJourneytoGreatnessB.Golf:MoreThanaGametoMeC.DiscoveringEnthusiasmforGolfD.PursuingPerfectionThroughGolf答案

B解析

标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者与高尔夫球的深厚情感,不仅仅将其视为一项运动,更是一种生活方式和社交方式。因此,最适合的标题是“Golf:More

Than

a

Game

to

Me(高尔夫:对我来说不仅仅是游戏)”。C(2024河南濮阳二模)Howmanyspeciescanbefoundinaglassofoceanwater?Ifyou’veeverbeeninvolvedinaschoolexperimentlookingatoceanorriverwaterunderamicroscope,you’llknowthatevenasingledropisfilledwithlife,fromsmallinsectsandfishyoucanseewithyoureyesdowntobacteria,fisheggsandeventinycreaturesthatcanonlyberevealedundermicroscope.Scientistsarenowlookingevenmoreclosely,usingtherelativelyrecenttechniqueofenvironmentalDNA(eDNA)sequencing(测序).ThisallowsresearcherstogetsomeDNAfromasampleofwater,andthentomatchitagainstknownreferencesequences.NotonlycaneDNAidentifythousandsofspeciesinasinglesampleofwater,butthetechniquecanbeusedinthefieldtoassessbiodiversityinwaterandotherenvironmentsfaster,morecomprehensively,yetalsomuchlessharmfullythantraditionalphysicalsurveys.TheapproachisgrowingsoquicklythatthefirstAustralianandNewZealandEnvironmentalDNAConferencewasheldinHobartinFebruary2023,bringingtogethersomeoftheworld’sleadingresearchersandtechnologyprovidersinthespace.Thereisstillmuchtobelearned.BecauseoftheDNAcopytechnique,theslightestpollutioncandeliverfalseresults.ScientistsarealsostilllearningabouthoweDNAisdistributedintheenvironment,howfarittravelsfromits“pointofrelease”,andhowdifferentwaterqualitiesaffecthowwellmixeditisinthewatercolumn.Therearealsomanythingsthatcanaffectresultswhensampling.eDNAdegrades(分解)fasterinwarmerwaterbecauseofincreasedmicrobial(微生物的)activity,astrongdriverofeDNAdegradation.YetthiseffectcanbereducedbyanincreasedproductionofeDNAundertheseconditions.Sothereisnospecificanswertothequestion.Butwiththenewtechniquesandothersindevelopment,theanswerisfarhigherthanyouwouldhavecountedthroughyourschoolmicroscope.California-basedIlluminaisaleaderineDNAsequencinganditwasalsoagoldsponsoroftheHobartevent.Its“next-generationsequencing”workflowinvolvesathree-stageprocessaftersamplecollection.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家利用环境DNA测序技术评估海水中生物多样性的研究。8.Whyistheschoolexperimentmentionedinparagraph1?A.Tooffersomeevidence.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toraiseawarenessofbiodiversity.D.Tostresstheimportanceofexperiments.答案

B解析

推理判断题。根据第一段的“If

you’ve

ever

been

involved

in...revealed

under

microscope.”可知,作者在第一段提到学校实验是为了引出文章的主题——用eDNA

测序技术来研究水中的生物多样性。9.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusabouteDNA?A.Itsadvantages.B.Itsclassifications.C.Itspopularity.D.Itsdevelopment.答案

A解析

段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段主要介绍了

eDNA

测序技术的优点。10.Whatisthemainfactorthataffectstheresultsofthestudy?A.ThetraveldistanceofeDNA.B.Thesizeofthewatersample.C.Theinstabilityofthewatersample.D.ThedegradationofeDNAinwater.答案

C解析

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“eDNA

degrades(分解)

faster

in

warmer

water

because

of

increased

microbial(微生物的)activity,a

strong

driver

of

eDNA

degradation.”可知,影响研究结果的主要因素是水样的不稳定性。11.Whatmaybetalkedaboutnext?A.Theprocessofnewsequencing.B.TheintroductiontoIllumina.C.Thenewwayofcollectingsamples.D.Thecooperationofleadingresearchers.答案

A解析

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Its‘next-generation

sequencing’workflow

involves

a

three-stage

process

after

sample

collection.”可知,接下来可能会讨论新测序的过程。D(2024山东聊城二模)Four-leggedrobotslikeBostonDynamics’SpotandCheetahowealmostalltheirquicknesstofancyfootwork.Inbiology,however,afour-leggedanimal’smovement,flexibility,andcomplexmotorfunctionscomealmostentirelyfromitsspine(脊柱).Ifartificialspinescouldbeputintosuchdesigns,engineerscouldfindentirelynewapproachestoaccuratemobility.Now,engineersarereportedlyafewstepsfurthertowardsspine-centric,four-leggedbotsthankstoaresearchteam’srat-inspiredrobot.NeRmoisabiomimeticandfour-leggedrobotthatdependsonaninnovativemotor-tendon(运动肌腱的)structuretomovearoundenvironments.Asfaraslooksgo,NeRmomirrorsamouse’sbonesystem.Therobot’ssolidfronthalfhousesitselectronicssystems,whileitslatterhalffunctionsmuchasanactualflexiblespinewould.Artificialtendonspassingthroughthespineaswellastherobot’sarmandkneejointsallowNeRmoevenmoremouselikemovementsalongsidequickerturningtimes.NeRmo’stendonsystempreventedtheneedforanymusclewhilestillallowingforsmoothbendingcapabilities,i.e.side-to-side,andup-and-down.Totesttheirnewdesign,theteamranNeRmothroughaseriesoffourexperimentstodemonstratebalancing,straight-linewalking,quickturning,andmazenavigation.Eachtrialincludedtworounds—onewiththespinalsystemengaged,andtheotherwithitdisabled.Acrosstheboard,NeRmoperformedthetasksbetter,faster,andmoreaccuratelywhenitcombinedthespinewithitsmovements.Mazenavigation,however,wasNeRmo’strueshiningmoment.Withitsspineengaged,themouse-botcompleteditsmazerunsmuchfasterthansimplywanderingthroughwithoutspinalsupport.Althoughstillinitsearlystages,researchersbelievefurtherdesigninvolvingthespinalsystemsinfuturefour-leggedrobotscouldvastlyimprovetheirfunctionality.IfNeRmowasn’tproofenough,thinkofitthisway—MIT’sCheetahcanrun13feetpersecondwithjustonejointcopyingthebendingofthespineforwardandbackward.NeRmo,meanwhile,haseightjoints.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受老鼠启发的机器人NeRmo,它的运动肌腱结构使它能够像老鼠一样快速、灵活地运动。研究人员通过一系列实验证明,NeRmo的脊柱系统能够提高它的运动性能,这为未来四足机器人的设计提供了新的思路。12.WhatisthelimitationofBostonDynamics’SpotandCheetah?A.Havinganunattractiveappearance.B.Referringtofewbiologicalbases.C.Havingastrictrangeofapplications.D.Lackingspine-basedmovingaccuracy.答案

D解析

细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容可知,Boston

Dynamics的Spot和Cheetah几乎完全依赖于复杂的步法来实现快速运动,而在生物学中,四足动物的运动、灵活性和复杂的运动功能几乎完全来自其脊柱。由此可知,Boston

Dynamics的Spot和Cheetah的局限性在于缺乏基于脊柱的运动精度。故选D项。13.WhichofthefollowingmakesNeRmomovemorelikemice?A.Thetendonsystem.B.Thebonesystem.C.Themusclesystem.D.Thekneejoint.答案

A解析

细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Artificial

tendons

passing

through

the

spine...alongside

quicker

turning

times.”可知,NeRmo机器人的运动肌腱结构使其能够像老鼠一样快速、灵活地运动。故选A项。14.Whatdidthefourtestingexperimentsfind?A.NeRmohadagreatsenseofdirection.B.ThespinalsystembetteredNeRmo’smovement.C.NeRmowithoutanartificialspinelostcontroleasily.D.Artificialspinesgavehopetodisabledanimals.答案

B解析

细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Across

the

board,NeRmo

performed

the

tasks

better...with

its

movements.”可知,上文的四个测试实验发现脊柱系统改善了NeRmo的运动。15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.PuttingNeRmointousehasdifficultiesinpractice.B.Reducingthenumberofjointsinrobotsisnecessary.C.Applyingspinalsystemstorobotshasapromisingoutlook.D.Creatingmorefour-leggedrobotsisamatteroftime.答案

C解析

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Although

still

in

its

early

stages...vastly

improve

their

functionality.”可知,在机器人中应用脊柱系统具有广阔的前景。故选C项。Ⅱ.七选五(2024山东日照二模)Everyonereactstothepressuresofanupcomingtestdifferently.

16

Whenyouknowyouhaveatestahead,prepareyourselfmentallyandphysicallywellinadvancetominimizetestanxiety.Herearesometipstohelpgetyouthroughthedaysleadinguptoyourtest.

17

Ithelpsyouengagewithyourmaterial,anditgivesyousomethingelseforreferencewhenyoustudylater.Ifyournotesaredetailedenough,youcanreadoverthemtostudy.Youcanalsousethemtomakeflashcardsandotherstudyaids.

Whereyoustudycanbejustasimportantashowyoustudy.Chooseaplacethat’scomfortable,whetherthat’syourbedroom,aquiettableatthelibrary,orabenchatthelocalpark.Makesuretheareahasgoodlightingsoyouaren’tstrainingyoureyes,andensureit’squietandfreefromdistractions.

18

Don’ttrytocram(填塞)allofyourmaterialintoyourbrainthenightbeforethebigtest.Crammingcancausestressandanxiety.

19

Forexample,ifyouknowthetestisintwoweeks,dividethematerialinto10to14partsandspendasetamountoftimeeachdaytoreviewonepart.

Ifyouworkwellwithgroups,considerformingorjoiningastudygroupwithotherswhoareseriousaboutpassingthetest.Trytokeepthegroupsmallsothateveryonehasachancetoengage.

20

Andconsidermakingsomeonetheleaderofthegrouptohelpkeepeveryoneontrack.

A.Instead,it’sbesttostudy