河北省唐山市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省唐山市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACompetitionsTheNationalAssociationofTeachersofSinging(NATS)celebratestheartofsingingthroughaseriesofcompetitions.Theyaredesignedtodiscovertalentedsingersorperformerswhoarerisingstarsintheprofession.NATSAACompetitionThecompetitiontakesplaceeveryotheryearandisonlyopentoNATSmembersandstudentsofNATSmembers.Preliminarycompetitions(初赛)areheldattheregionallevel,withonewinnerfromeachofthe14NATSregions.EntryFee:$75Prizes:$13,000forthewinner;＄6,000fortherunner-upDeadlineforApplication:October10,2021NationalMusicTheaterCompetitionItisseekingthebestsoloists(独唱者，独奏者)whojustwanttomovetheircareersforward.Playersmustbebetween20and28yearsoldasoftheapplicationdeadline.EntryFee:$90(ahalfforstudentsofNATSmembers)Prizes:$30,000.Ahalfforthewinner;onethirdfortherunner-up;therestforthethirdplace.DeadlineforApplication:September20,2021NationalStudentAuditions(试音)TheexcitingexperienceofregionalNATSStudentAuditionsisanannualnationalcompetition.ItofferstheopportunitytothetopperformersineachregiontocompetewithothertopartistsfromtheContinent.EntryFee:$75Prizes:Awardsfor1st,2ndand3rdplacewilltotal$35,000DeadlineforApplication:August15,2021SongwritingCompetitionThecompetitionisopentoanysongwriterwhoseworkmeetstherequirements.ThewinnerwillhaveachancetoperformatthenextNATSNationalConference.EntryFee:$30forprofessionals(ahalfforfull-timestudents)Prizes:$2,000forthewinner;$1,000fortherunner-upDeadlineforApplication:November30,20211.AperformerinthesecondplaceinNationalMusicTheaterCompetitionwillget______.A.$5,000 B.$10,000 C.$12,500 D.$15,0002.WhencanaplayerapplyforNationalStudentAuditions?A.OnAugust10,2021. B.OnOctober1,2021.C.OnSeptember15,2021. D.OnNovember20,2021.3.WhichonlyallowsNATSmembersortheirstudentstocompete?A.NATSAACompetition. B.SongwritingCompetition.C.NationalStudentAuditions. D.NationalMusicTheaterCompetition.【答案】1.B2.A3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了全国歌唱教师协会(NATS)举办的四个活动的基本信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据NationalMusicTheaterCompetition中“Prizes:$30,000.Ahalfforthewinner;onethirdfortherunner-up;therestforthethirdplace.(奖品:30000美元。胜者得一半;亚军有三分之一;剩下的给第三名。)”可知，第二名的表演者可以获得30000×1/3=10000美元；由此可知，第二名获奖者可以获得1万美元奖金。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据NationalStudentAuditions(试音)中“DeadlineforApplication:August15,2021(申请截止日期:2021年8月15日)”可知，2021年8月15日前可以申请NationalStudentAuditions；结合选项可知，选项A.OnAugust10,2021.(2021年8月10日)在这个截止时间内，符合题意。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据NATSAACompetition中“ThecompetitiontakesplaceeveryotheryearandisonlyopentoNATSmembersandstudentsofNATSmembers.(该比赛每隔一年举行一次，只对NATS会员和NATS会员的学生开放。)”可知，NATSAA只允许NATS会员或NATS学生参加比赛。故选A。BAboutayearago,mypartnerandIgotalittleblackandwhitecat.WecalledherHashtagandaparentalinstinct(本能)inmybodykickedin.IfIdon’tseeHashtagforawhile,Iworrythatsomethingterriblehashappenedtoher.Thus,IboughtatinytrackermadebyacompanycalledTile,whichattachestohercollar.ItmeantthatevenifIcan’tseeher.IcanpulloutmyphoneandconnecttoTileusingBluetooth.Iftheconnectionismadesuccessfully,itmeansthatshemustbenearby.Buttherewasstillaproblem:whatifHashtagweretogetoutofthehouseandrunfurtheraway?Bluetoothrangeonlyextendstoaroundtenmeters,soanyfurtherandherlocationwouldbeamystery.ThisiswhyIwasdelightedwhenearlierthisyearApplereleasedtheAirTag,itsownBluetoothtracker.AirTagsworkthesamewayasTile.ButApplehasaddedatwist:insteadofjustusingyourowniPhonetolookforyourowntrackers,everyiPhoneintheworldworkstogethertofindtrackingtags(跟踪器).Thismeansevenifyoupersonallyaren’tinrangeofyourAirTag,aslongasthere’saniPhonenearby,youcanseeupdatesonwhereitis-andmoreimportantly,whereyourcat,keys,orwhateveryouhaveattachedtoitare.Asyoucanprobablytell,Ifindthisnewtechnologystrangelymind-blowing,Applehascreatedanentirelynew,massivenetworkofphysicalobjectsthatcoversprettymuchtheentireworld.And,slightlyscanty,itisonlypossiblebecausethereareabillioniPhonesoutthere.ThoughSamsunghasannouncedasimilartrackingproductthatusesitsphones,itwon’thavethesamereachasApple’snetworkintheshortterm.Inthenot-too-distantfuture,it’llbethecasethateverythingwebuyofcertainvaluethatwemightlosewillhaveanAirTagbuiltin.Yourheadphones,yourfancycamera,yoursuitcase,andsoon.So,ifHashtageverdoesescape,thenatleastIcaninvitetheentireworldtohelplookforher.4.HowdoestheauthorexpressheraffectionforHashtag?A.Bygivingitanickname. B.Bydetailinghercaringacts.C.Bytellingaspecificstory. D.Byusingacomparison.5.Accordingtotheauthor,inwhatwayistheAirTagbetterthanthetinytrackerbyTile?A.EveryiPhoneisuniquelyconnectedtoitsAirTag.B.AppleprovidesbettercustomerservicesthanTile.C.iPhonesthroughouttheworldcanhelptracktags.D.AnAirTagcoverslargerrangethanitsopponents.6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.AirTag’ssuccessisquitedifficulttocopy.B.SamsunghasposedmuchchallengetoApple.C.It’salongwaybeforeAirTaggainspopularity.D.OveruseofAirTagsmakesamessofourlife.7.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A.Lostandfound. B.Saynototrackers.C.Noworriesforpets. D.Totrackortofollow.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者为防止宠物猫走失而使用的追踪设备，并重点介绍了苹果AirTag的优点和功能。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“IfIdon’tseeHashtagforawhile,Iworrythatsomethingterriblehashappenedtoher.(如果我一会儿没看到Hashtag，就会担心她发生了可怕的事)”和第二段“Thus,IboughtatinytrackermadebyacompanycalledTile,whichattachestohercollar.ItmeantthatevenifIcan’tseeher.IcanpulloutmyphoneandconnecttoTileusingBluetooth.Iftheconnectionismadesuccessfully,itmeansthatshemustbenearby.(因此，我买了一个由一家名为Tile的公司制造的微型追踪器，它附着在她的衣领上。这意味着即使我看不见她。我可以拿出手机，使用蓝牙连接到Tile。如果连接成功，则说明她一定在附近)”可知，作者通过讲述一个具体的小故事来说明自己对猫咪的喜爱，一刻都离不开，生怕丢了。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“ButApplehasaddedatwist:insteadofjustusingyourowniPhonetolookforyourowntrackers,everyiPhoneintheworldworkstogethertofindtrackingtags.(但苹果增加了一个创新点：并非只能用自己的iPhone寻找追踪器，全球所有的iPhone都会协同工作来查找追踪标签)”可知，AirTag的优势在于全球iPhone可协助追踪。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“ThoughSamsunghasannouncedasimilartrackingproductthatusesitsphones,itwon’thavethesamereachasApple’snetworkintheshortterm.(尽管三星已宣布推出一款使用其手机的类似追踪产品，但短期内其覆盖范围无法与苹果的网络相媲美)”可知，AirTag的成功难以复制，这一表述正确。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。文章围绕作者为猫咪选择追踪器展开，介绍了Tile和AirTag的功能差异，核心是“追踪”技术解决物品或宠物丢失问题，“Lostandfound.(失物招领)”既贴合主题又简洁凝练，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。CWhenweencounternewinformation,thebrainquicklygoesintothepattern-recognitionmode.Ifitremindsusofsomethingwe’veencounteredbefore,weknowhowtorespond.Butwhatwillhappenwhenthenewinformationdoesn’t“fit”withtheexistingunderstanding?That’swhenthebrainreallygetsexcited.Thebraindoesn’tjustdetectnewinformation—itneedsnovelty.AsJudyWillis,MDexplainsinHowYourChildLearnsBest,apartofthebraincalledtheReticularActivatingSystem(RAS)filters(过滤)incominginformation,decidingwhichdatacanbeprocessedautomaticallyandwhichdeservesourfullattention.Surpriseandnoveltyaretheattention-grabbers.Intheclassroom,thismeansthatchangingroutines,askingstudentstoanalyzesimilaritiesanddifferences,organizingfieldtrips,andinvitingguestvisitorsallhelpkeeplearningfresh.InhisarticleHowtheBrainLearnsBest,psychiatristandchildpsychologistBrucePerryexplainswhyrepetitiveclassroomactivities,suchaslecturesorworksheets,limitthebrain’sdesirefornoveltyandcaninterferewithlearning.“Onlyfourtoeightminutesofpurefactuallecturecanbetoleratedbeforethebrainseeksotherinformation,eitherinternal(daydreaming)orexternal(Whoisthatmanwalkingdownthehall?).Iftheteacherisnotprovidingthatnovelty,thebrainwillgoelsewhere,”hewrites.Integratingastrongartsprogramisonewayeducatorscancapturestudents’curiosityandkeepthemengaged.AccordingtoarecentlandmarkreportfromthePresident’sCommitteeontheArtsandtheHumanities,thebenefitsofstudyingtheartsgofarbeyondenrichment.Researchfoundthatahigh-qualityprogramcanimprovestudentengagement,focusattention,heighteneducationalambitions,andincreaseintellectualrisk-taking.Andplanninginquiry-drivenprojectsthatareconsistentwithstudents’interestswillboostengagementandcutdownonboredom,whichisactuallyastressorforyoungbrains.8.HowdoesthebraindealwithinformationaccordingtoJudyWillis,MD?A.Itclassifiestheinformation.B.Itignoresfamiliarinformation.C.Itspendslongtimeanalyzingtheinformation.D.Itstoresnewinformationautomatically.9.WhatdoesBrucePerryargueinhisarticle?A.Keepingroutinesimproveslearning.B.Givinglecturesisthemosteffectivewayofteaching.C.Thebrainlongsfornoveltytostayengagedinlearning.D.Externalsurroundingsmeanmorethaninternalseekingregardingnovelty.10.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImportanceofNoveltyinEducationB.TheBrain’sResponsetoNewInformationC.EffectiveClassroomActivitiesforLearningD.UnderstandingtheReticularActivatingSystem【答案】8.A9.C10.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了大脑处理信息的特点，包括对新奇信息的偏好，以及在教育领域如何利用大脑的这一特性来提高学生的学习参与度和学习效果。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AsJudyWillis,MDexplainsinHowYourChildLearnsBest,apartofthebrain,theReticularActivatingSystem(RAS),filters(过滤)incominginformation,decidingwhichdatacanbeprocessedautomaticallyandwhichdeservesourfullattention.(正如医学博士朱迪·威利斯在《如何让孩子学得最好》一书中所解释的，大脑中的网状激活系统（RAS）会过滤接收到的信息，决定哪些数据可以自动处理，哪些数据值得我们全神贯注。令人惊讶和新奇的事物最能吸引注意力。)”可知，JudyWillis医生认为大脑会对信息进行分类处理。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Onlyfourtoeightminutesofpurefactuallecturecanbetoleratedbeforethebrainseeksotherinformation,eitherinternal(daydreaming)orexternal(Whoisthatmanwalkingdownthehall?).Iftheteacherisnotprovidingthatnovelty,thebrainwillgoelsewhere,”hewrites.(他写道：“大脑只能忍受四到八分钟纯粹的事实讲解，之后就会主动去搜寻其他信息——要么是内部信息（比如走神、做白日梦。），要么是外部信息（比如那个沿着走廊走的男人是谁？）。如果教师不能提供这种新鲜感，大脑就会转向别处。””可知，BrucePerry认为大脑渴望新奇的事物以保持学习的参与度。故选C。【10题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段提出“大脑需要新奇感”的核心观点；第二段引用专家观点说明大脑对新奇信息的过滤机制及课堂中创造新奇的方式；第三段指出重复性活动对学习的阻碍，强调新奇感的必要性；第四段给出教育中融入新奇感的具体方法（艺术课程、探究式项目）。全文围绕“新奇性在教育中的重要作用”展开，所以短文的最佳标题为A“新奇在教育中的重要性”。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsForSettingBalancedCareerGoalsInANewYearTheNewYearisalwaysatimeofnewbeginnings,atimeforachange,andatimetosetgoals.____11____,andmakesomeimportantcareerchanges.Herearesometipsforsettingcareergoalsinanewyear.____12____Takesometimetoconsideryourcareerintheyearthatjustended.Ifyoudislikeyourjob,trytofigureoutwhy.Isitduetotheworkitself,orsomethingabouttheworkplace,suchasapoorrelationshipwithyourmanager?Ifyoulikewhatyoudo,andit’soutsidefactorsthatyoufindlimiting,itmightmakesensetomakeyourgoaltofindanewposition.Spendsometimeassessingwhatyoulikeanddislikeaboutyourcurrentsituation.EngageinCareerResearch____13____.Starttoreadaboutcareersofinterestbybrowsingwebsitesorpublications.Identifytwonewcareerstoresearcheachweek,andkeepadiaryofyourinterestineach.Forthosefieldswithagenuineappeal,makealistofquestionstoresearchsothatyoucanfullyevaluatethesuitabilityofthatcareerforyou.CheckOutWhatYourFriendsDoActivateyourcuriosityabouttheworklivesoffriendsandpeopleinyoursocialnetwork.Thinkabouttherolesofcolleagues,suppliers,orclientsthatmightbeagoodfitforyou,andinterviewthemaboutthenatureoftheirwork.____14____,andaskforhelpbrainstormingcareeroptionsthatmightbeworthconsideringwithintheirsector.BeBetterIfyouaretotallyinlovewithwhatyoudo,aimhigher,andstrivetobebetter.____15____.Soreadmore,keepanopenmind,andbereadytolearn.Theyearisyoungandsoareyourdreams.A.ReflectonYourYearB.KnowyourlimitationsC.ShareyourskillslistwiththemD.TherearenoheightsthatcannotbereachedE.SpendsometimedoingresearchonsalariesF.Sonaturally,itisexpectedtosetnewcareergoalsG.Themoreresearchyoudo,theeasieritwillbetosetgoals【答案】11.F12.A13.G14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。新年总是一个新的开始，一个改变的时刻，一个设定目标的时刻，文章主要介绍了在新的一年里设定职业目标的几点建议。【11题详析】根据上文“TheNewYearisalwaysatimeofnewbeginnings,atimeforachange,andatimetosetgoals.（新年总是一个新的开始，一个改变的时刻，一个设定目标的时刻）”和下文“andmakesomeimportantcareerchanges（并做出一些重要的职业改变）”可知，在这个特殊的时刻，人们可能想设定一些职业上的新目标。F选项“Sonaturally,itisexpectedtosetnewcareergoals（所以，很自然地，人们期望设定新的职业目标），符合上下文和逻辑。故选F项。【12题详析】空处为本段小标题。根据第二段第一句“Takesometimetoconsideryourcareerintheyearthatjustended.（花点时间考虑一下刚刚结束的一年里你的职业生涯）”可知，本段主要在描述我们要回顾自己的职业生涯，这与A选项“ReflectonYourYear（回顾你的一年）”符合题意。故选A项。【13题详析】根据本段小标题“EngageinCareerResearch（做好职业研究）”及第三段下文可知，本段是关于如何做好职业研究的，所以G选项“Themoreresearchyoudo,theeasieritwillbetosetgoals（你做的研究越多，就越容易设定目标）”符合语境，research是关键词。故选G项。【14题详析】根据上文“Thinkabouttherolesofcolleagues,suppliers,orclientsthatmightbeagoodfitforyou,andinterviewthemaboutthenatureoftheirwork.（考虑同事、供应商或客户可能适合你的角色，并就他们工作的性质采访他们）”和后文“andaskforhelpbrainstormingcareeroptionsthatmightbeworthconsideringwithintheirsector.（并寻求他们的帮助，一起讨论在他们的行业内可能值得考虑的职业选择）”并结合小标题，可知，此处是在介绍如何以上人员那里学习，所以C选项“Shareyourskillslistwiththem（与他们分享你的技能清单）”符合语境，them指代上文提到的colleagues,suppliers,orclients。故选C项。【15题详析】根据最后一段第一句“Ifyouaretotallyinlovewithwhatyoudo,aimhigher,andstrivetobebetter.（如果你完全热爱你所做的事情，那就把目标定得更高，努力做得更好）”可知，只要做自己喜欢的，就把目标设的更高，努力到达更高的高度。D选项“Therearenoheightsthatcannotbereached（没有不能达到的高度）”符合语境，选项中的higher呼应上文的high。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Marywasalwaysdreamingofgraduatingfromcollegeincapandgown,acceptingherdiplomaandreadytostartacareer.SinceMarycamefromalow-incomefamily,herdreamseemedoutof____16____.TherewouldneverbeenoughmoneytosendMarytocollege.____17____,nomemberofherfamilyhadevergonetocollege.ButMary____18____thatthought.Insecondaryschoolshestudiedhard,andspoke____19____ofherdreamtoteachersandfriends.Whenher____20____dayatschoolcame,herprincipal(校长)calledherintohisoffice.“Ihavea(n)____21____foryou,”hesaid.Itcontainedascholarshiptoanearbycollege.Thepowerofathoughthad____22____itsfirstbonus(奖金).But,thescholarshipcouldcoveronlypartofhercollege____23____.Marytookeverypart-timejobshecouldfind.Mary’sdreamcametruewhenshegraduatedfromcollege.Thenshetookacourseininsurance.Whenshe____24____herselftoalocalinsurancecompanyforajob,shewas_____25_____.Sheappliedagain.Theanswerwasno.Shekeptgoingbackuntilthemanager_____26_____her.Twenty-fiveyearslaterMaryCrowe’scolleaguesinthatcompany_____27_____ataspecialdinnerinherhonor,recognizingherforheroutstandingachievementsasaninsurancesaleswoman.“Eachofusisconstantlyinastateofbecoming,”shesaid,givinghersecretto_____28_____.“Through_____29_____andfaithyoucanbecomewhatyouthink.Notthatyourlifewillbewithoutproblems,butalongthewayproblemswillbe_____30_____.Askandbelieve;dreamandbelieve;workandbelieve.”16.A.control B.sight C.question D.thought17.A.However B.Besides C.Therefore D.Instead18.A.madeupfor B.tookpridein C.heldonto D.cameupwith19.A.selfishly B.freely C.unwillingly D.jokingly20.A.final B.formal C.first D.unique21.A.book B.envelope C.souvenir D.test22.A.joined B.wasted C.produced D.consumed23.A.incomes B.secrets C.expenses D.ambitions24.A.limited B.introduced C.accustomed D.related25.A.turneddown B.putaside C.pickedup D.takenin26.A.believed B.praised C.accepted D.noticed27.A.parted B.declared C.fled D.gathered28.A.success B.independence C.responsibility D.reputation29.A.analysis B.politeness C.enthusiasm D.conclusion30.A.corrected B.collected C.forgotten D.overcome【答案】16.B17.B18.C19.B20.A21.B22.C23.C24.B25.A26.C27.D28.A29.C30.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述出身低收入家庭的玛丽坚守上大学的梦想，通过努力学习获得奖学金、打零工完成学业，毕业后多次求职被拒仍坚持不懈，最终成为优秀保险销售员的故事。【16题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于玛丽来自低收入家庭，她的梦想似乎遥不可及。A.control控制；B.sight视野；C.question问题；D.thought想法。根据前文“low-incomefamily”以及后文“neverbeenoughmoneytosendMarytocollege”可知，玛丽家境贫寒，无力支付大学费用，梦想难以实现，“outofsight”为固定短语，此处引申为“遥不可及”，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，她的家族中从未有人上过大学。A.However然而；B.Besides此外；C.Therefore因此；D.Instead相反。前文提到家境贫寒是实现梦想的障碍，此处补充“家族无人上大学”这一额外困难，前后为递进关系，“Besides”符合逻辑。故选B项。【18题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但玛丽坚守着这个想法。A.madeupfor弥补；B.tookpridein为……自豪；C.heldonto坚守、坚持；D.cameupwith提出。根据后文“studiedhard”“spokeofherdream”可知，玛丽没有因困难放弃梦想，而是坚持追求，“heldonto”符合“坚守信念”的语境。故选C项。【19题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：中学时她努力学习，向老师和朋友畅谈起自己的梦想。A.selfishly自私地；B.freely畅所欲言地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.jokingly开玩笑地。根据后文“ofherdreamtoteachersandfriends.”可知，玛丽对梦想充满热情，愿意主动分享，“spokefreelyof”表示“畅谈起……”，符合“积极追求梦想”的状态。故选B项。【20题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她在学校的最后一天到来时，校长把她叫进了办公室。A.final最后的；B.formal正式的；C.first最初的；D.unique独特的。根据后文“containedascholarshiptoanearbycollege”可知，这是中学阶段的收尾时刻，校长在她毕业前给予奖学金，“finalday”符合“中学毕业”的时间节点。故选A项。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我有一个信封要给你，”他说。A.book书；B.envelope信封；C.souvenir纪念品；D.test测试。奖学金通知通常会装在信封里，“envelope”符合“存放重要文件”的场景，也与后文“containedascholarship”逻辑一致。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：信念的力量带来了它的第一份回报。A.joined加入；B.wasted浪费；C.produced产生、带来；D.consumed消耗。根据前文“Thepowerofathought”以及后文“itsfirstbonus（奖金）”可知，玛丽坚守梦想的信念让她获得了奖学金，这份信念“带来”了回报，“produced”符合“付出得到回报”的逻辑。故选C项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，奖学金只能覆盖她大学费用的一部分。A.incomes收入；B.secrets秘密；C.expenses费用；D.ambitions野心。根据前文“scholarshipcouldcoveronlypart”可知，此处指大学的开支，“collegeexpenses”为固定搭配，表示“大学费用”，符合语境。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她向当地一家保险公司毛遂自荐求职时，遭到了拒绝。A.limited限制；B.introduced介绍；C.accustomed使习惯；D.related关联。根据后文“Sheappliedagain.”可知，此处指玛丽主动向公司申请工作，符合“求职”场景。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她向当地一家保险公司毛遂自荐求职时，遭到了拒绝。A.turneddown拒绝；B.putaside搁置；C.pickedup捡起；D.takenin吸收。根据后文“Sheappliedagain.Theanswerwasno.”可知，她第一次求职被拒绝，“turneddown”符合“求职失败”的语境。故选A项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一次次地回去，直到经理接受了她。A.believed相信；B.praised赞扬；C.accepted接受；D.noticed注意到。根据后文“recognizingherforheroutstandingachievementsasaninsurancesaleswoman.”可知，玛丽多次求职，最终获得经理认可，“accepted”表示“被录用”，符合“坚持不懈终获成功”的逻辑。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：25年后，玛丽·克劳在那家公司的同事们齐聚一堂，为她举办了一场特别的晚宴，表彰她作为保险销售员的杰出成就。A.parted分开；B.declared宣布；C.fled逃离；D.gathered聚集。根据后文“aspecialdinnerinherhonor”可知，同事们为她举办晚宴，需要聚集在一起，“gathered”符合“集体活动”的场景。故选D项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们每个人都在不断成长，”她说，并分享了她成功的秘诀。A.success成功；B.independence独立；C.responsibility责任；D.reputation名声。玛丽通过努力成为优秀保险销售员，此处分享的是“成功”的秘诀，与前文“outstandingachievements”相呼应。故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“通过热情和信念，你可以成为你想成为的人。”A.analysis分析；B.politeness礼貌；C.enthusiasm热情；D.conclusion结论。根据前文“Sheappliedagain.Theanswerwasno.Shekeptgoingbackuntilthemanagerher.”可知，玛丽坚守梦想、多次求职不放弃的经历，她的成功离不开对梦想的“热情”和信念，“enthusiasm”与“faith”并列，符合“成功要素”的语境。故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：并不是说你的生活不会有问题，而是沿途的问题都会被克服。A.corrected纠正；B.collected收集；C.forgotten忘记；D.overcome克服。玛丽的经历表明，只要有热情和信念，就能战胜困难，“problemswillbeovercome”表示“问题会被克服”，符合“积极面对挑战”的主旨。故选D项。第二节语法填空（共10小题。每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AlbertEinstein,____31____achievementsarewidelyacknowledged,isregardedasthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics.Attheageof17,he____32____(admit)totheuniversityin1896,andgraduatedfouryearslater.Aftergraduation,Einsteinfirstworked____33____aclerkintheSwisspatentoffice.Outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,____34____(earn)adoctorateinphysicsin1905.Thatsameyear,later____35____(gradual)asamiracleyearinscience,hepublishedfourextraordinaryphysicspapers,eachof____36____wouldchangethecourseofmodernphysics.____37____(consequent),hewasawardedthe1921NobelPrizePhysicsforhis____38____(explain)ofthephotoelectriceffect.AlthoughEinstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsofstudy____39____(close)tohiminGermanyin1933,heneverceasedcarryingonhisresearch.But____40____hispeculiarities,hewaslovedbyhisfriendsandneighbors.Einsteinpassedawayon18April1955,anditwasreportedthatthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist.【答案】31.whose32.wasadmitted33.as34.earning35.gradually36.which37.Consequently38.explanation39.closed40.despite【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了爱因斯坦的求学、科研经历，成就贡献及受世人爱戴的情况。【31题详析】考查定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的成就得到了广泛认可，他被认为现代物理学中最伟大的科学家。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词AlbertEinstein，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。【32题详析】考查时态语态。句意：17岁时，他于1896年被大学录取，四年后毕业。根据时间状语in1896可知，句子应用一般过去时，且主语he与admit之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填wasadmitted。【33题详析】考查介词。句意：毕业后，爱因斯坦首先在瑞士专利局当职员。workas为固定短语，意为“担任，以……身份而工作”。故填as。【34题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：出于对知识的强烈渴望，他继续学习，并于1905年获得物理学博士学位。句中已有谓语continued，空处作非谓语动词，earn与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式earning作状语。故填earning。【35题详析】考查副词。句意：同年，后来逐渐被视为科学界的奇迹年，他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文，每一篇都将改变现代物理学的发展方向。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词gradually作状语。故填gradually。【36题详析】考查定语从句。句意：同年，后来逐渐被视为科学界的奇迹年，他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文，每一篇都将改变现代物理学的发展方向。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fourextraordinaryphysicspapers，且从句缺少介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【37题详析】考查副词。句意：因此，他因解释光电效应而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词consequently作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Consequently。【38题详析】考查名词。句意：因此，他因解释光电效应而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。空处用于形容词性物主代词his之后，作介词for的宾语，应用名词explanation，此处表示特指，应用单数形式。故填explanation。【39题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管身为犹太人的爱因斯坦在1933年发现德国的学习之门对他关闭了，但他从未停止过研究。空处作宾语补足语，close与宾语thedoorsofstudy之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式closed作宾语补足语。故填closed。【40题详析】考查介词。句意：但尽管他有一些怪癖，他还是受到了朋友和邻居的喜爱。根据语境，此处表示“尽管”，结合空后为名词短语hispeculiarities，应用介词despite。故填despite。第四部分基础语言知识（共三节，满分50分）第一节从词汇框中选择合适的单词完成句子perceivealternativeconventionalposeoccupyappealdigestappetitedistinguishattainceilingedge41.Theshadowsofthetreesbeganto________acrossthelawnasthesunset42.Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththecourt’sdecision,youhavetherightto________within15days.43.Afteralongperiodofhardwork,shehasastrong________forarelaxingvacation.44.Hetriesto________himselfwithreadingandsportstoavoidfeelinglonely.45.Thecompanyhasseta________onthenumberofemployeesitcanhirethisyear.46.Ittakestimeto________thetruemeaningofthisancientpoem.47.Herexcellentcommunicationskillsandprofessionalknowledge________herfromothercandidates.48.Poorlivingconditionsintheareamay________athreattotheresidents’health.49.Scientists________thisdiscoveryasamajorbreakthrough.50.Weneedtofindan________tothisexpensivesoftwaretoreducecosts.【答案】41.edge42.appeal43.appetite44.occupy45.ceiling46.digest47.distinguish48.pose49.perceive50.alternative【41题详析】考查动词。句意：随着太阳西下，树影开始在草坪上缓缓移动。根据语境，这里需要一个表示“缓慢移动”含义的动词，“edge”作动词时有“徐徐移动；渐渐移动”的意思，begintodosth.，所以用动词原形edge，符合树影随着太阳落下慢慢在草坪上移动的情景。故填edge。【42题详析】考查动词。句意：如果你对法院的判决不满意，你有权在15天内上诉。根据“Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththecourt’sdecision”可知，当对判决不满时，“appeal”有“上诉；申诉”的意思，且havetherighttodosth.（有权做某事），to后接动词原形，故填appeal。【43题详析】考查名词。句意：经过长时间的努力工作，她极其渴望有一个轻松的假期。“haveanappetitefor”是固定短语，意为“渴望；对……有强烈的欲望”，这里表达经过长时间工作后对轻松假期的渴望，符合语境，故填appetite。【44题详析】考查动词。句意：他试图让自己忙于阅读和运动，以避免感到孤独。“occupyoneselfwithsth.”为固定用法，意思是“使自己忙于某事”，这里表示通过让自己忙于阅读和运动来排解孤独，trytodosth.（试图做某事），to后接动词原形，故填occupy。【45题详析】考查名词。句意：公司对今年可雇佣的员工数量设定了上限。根据语境，“ceiling”有“上限；最高限度”的意思，setaceilingon...表示“对……设定上限”，符合公司对招聘员工数量进行限制的语境，故填ceiling。【46题详析】考查动词。句意：理解这首古诗的真正含义需要时间。“digest”除了常见的“消化”含义外，还可表示“理解；领会”，这里指理解古诗的含义，ittakestimetodosth.（做某事需要时间），to后接动词原形，故填digest。【47题详析】考查动词。句意：她出色的沟通技巧和专业知识使她在其他候选人中脱颖而出。根据“Herexcellentcommunicationskillsandprofessionalknowledge”可知，她出色的沟通技巧和专业知识使她在其他候选人中脱颖而出。“distinguishsb.from...”是固定搭配，意为“使某人与……区分开来；使某人在……中脱颖而出”，句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“Herexcellentcommunicationskillsandprofessionalknowledge”为复数，动词用原形，故填distinguish。【48题详析】考查动词。句意：该地区恶劣的生活条件可能对居民的健康构成威胁。根据“Poorlivingconditionsinthearea”可知，该地区恶劣的生活条件可能对居民的健康构成威胁。“poseathreatto...”是固定短语，意思是“对……构成威胁”，情态动词may后接动词原形，故填pose。【49题详析】考查动词。句意：科学家们将这一发现视为一项重大突破。“perceive...as...”是固定搭配，意为“将……视为……”，句子描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“Scientists”为复数，动词用原形，符合语境。故填perceive。【50题详析】考查名词。句意：我们需要找到这个昂贵软件的替代品以降低成本。根据“toreducecosts”可知，我们需要找到这个昂贵软件的替代品以降低成本。“alternative”作名词时，有“可供选择的事物”之意，结合语境，为降低成本要找昂贵软件的替代品，故填alternative。第二节单句语法填空。（共20个小题，每小题1分，满分20分）51.Ihopemysuggestionswillmeetwithyour________.(approve)(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】approval【解析】考查名词。句意：我希望我的建议能得到你的批准。空处用于形容词性物主代词your之后，应用名词approval，意为“批准，认可”，为不可数名词。故填approval。52.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretit________meaningzero.(用适当的词填空)【答案】as【解析】考查介词。句意：在法国，一个人遇到同样的手势可能会将其理解为表示零。固定搭配interpretas“把……理解为”。故填as。53.Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguage________(vary)fromculturetoculture.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】varies【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。空处为句子的谓语动词，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语bodylanguage为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填varies。54.Hewasaloudfriendlyman.By________(compare),hisbrotherwasrathershy.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】comparison【解析】考查名词。句意：他是个嗓门大、待人友好的人。相比之下，他的哥哥相当害羞。空处用于介词by之后，应用名词comparison，作宾语，构成固定短语bycomparison，意为“相比之下”。故填comparison。55.Opportunitiesandsuccesstendtobeinfavor________thosewhoareready.(用适当的词填空)【答案】of【解析】考查介词。句意：机会和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。固定短语infavorof，意为“支持，赞成”，所以空处应用介词of。故填of。56.Ifastudenthashishead________(lower)tolookathiswatch,itimpliesheisboredandjustcountingtheminutesfortheclasstoend.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】lowered【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果学生低头看手表，这意味着他感到无聊，只是在数着分钟等下课。根据空格前的使役动词has可知，空格处应该用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，名词短语hishead与动词lower之间是被动关系，所以空格处应该用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填lowered。57.Itisnormalforteenagerstobe________(slight)overweight.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】slightly【解析】考查副词。句意：青少年稍微超重是正常的。空处需用副词作状语修饰形容词overweight，slight的副词为slightly“稍微地”。故填slightly。58.Thechildraisedherhead,________(reveal)atearstainedface.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】revealing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：孩子抬起头，露出一张满是泪痕的脸。句子主语Thechild与reveal之间是主动关系，即孩子主动露出脸，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填reve