陕西省西安市某中学 2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省西安市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷一、听力：略二、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AGuizhou,aless-knownprovincetointernationaltravelerslocatedinSouthwestChina,istheonlyprovinceinChinawithoutanyplainsandishometo17ethnic(种族的)groups.Itisa“naturalpark”withbeautifulmountainsandamazingrivers,anda“culturalhub”withmultipleminoritiesanduniqueethniccustoms.So,whenyouvisitGuizhou,youwillnotonlyenjoyitsunbelievablelandscapes,butalsopersonallyexperienceitsuniqueethniccustoms,culturesandfestivals.MiaoVillagesAmongthe17ethnicgroupsinGuizhou,Miaominorityhasthelargestpopulationwhicharewidelyscattered(分散的)withcomplicatedbranches.Miaopeoplehaveverydistinctivefeaturesincostumes,food,music,batik(蜡染)andfestivalsindifferentareas.“SanYueSan”Festival,MiaoNewYearFestival,soursoupandstiltedbuildings(Diaojiaolou)arethecommonsymbolsofMiao.TofullyexploreMiaocultures,you’dbettertogotoKailianditssurroundings.DongVillagesDongpeople(alsoknownasKam)areanotherlargeethnicminorityinChina.About55percentofthemliveinGuizhouProvince,withapopulationabout1.6million.Dongpeoplehavetheirownlanguageandfeaturedarchitectures.ExquisitedrumtowersandbeautifulvillagegatebecomethemostimportantsymbolsofDong.NumerousDongvillagesarescatteredintheremotemountainsinthosecounties.Ofcourse,youcanexperiencethefestivals—GrandSongofDongPeople,andseeWindandRainBridgesandDrumTowersinthevillages.1.WhatisspecialaboutGuizhou?A.Ithasthemostethnicgroups.B.Itistheonlyprovincewithoutplains.C.Itispopularwithinternationaltravelers.D.Ithasthelargestnumberofnaturalparks.2.WhatcanpeopleexperienceinbothMiaoandDongvillages?A.MakebatikandsingtheGrandSong.B.TastesoursoupandvisitWindandRainBridges.C.Enjoyethnicfestivalsandseetraditionalbuildings.D.Wearspecialcostumesandspeaktheirownlanguages.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Atravelbrochure. C.Anencyclopedia. D.Ahistorymagazine.【答案】1.B2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国贵州的独特之处、苗族和侗族的特色文化与景点，吸引游客前往参观体验。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Guizhou,aless-knownprovincetointernationaltravelerslocatedinSouthwestChina,istheonlyprovinceinChinawithoutanyplainsandishometo17ethnicgroups.(贵州位于中国西南部，对国际游客来说是个不太知名的省份，它是中国唯一一个没有平原的省份，且是17个少数民族的聚居地)”可知，贵州的特别之处是中国唯一没有平原的省份。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的““SanYueSan”Festival,MiaoNewYearFestival,soursoupandstiltedbuildings(Diaojiaolou)arethecommonsymbolsofMiao.(“三月三”节、苗年节、酸汤和吊脚楼是苗族的常见标志)”和第三段中的“Ofcourse,youcanexperiencethefestivals—GrandSongofDongPeople,andseeWindandRainBridgesandDrumTowersinthevillages.(当然，你可以体验侗族大歌等节日，还能在村里看到风雨桥和鼓楼)”可知，两者都能让人们体验民族节日和观赏传统建筑。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“So,whenyouvisitGuizhou,youwillnotonlyenjoyitsunbelievablelandscapes,butalsopersonallyexperienceitsuniqueethniccustoms,culturesandfestivals.(所以，当你游览贵州时，你不仅能欣赏到令人惊叹的风景，还能亲身感受其独特的民族习俗、文化和节日)”可知，文章介绍贵州的旅游资源，目的是吸引游客，因此可能来自旅游手册。故选B。BIt’sunusualtoreadnovelsaboutwomentakinganactiveroleintheresistanceduringWorldWarⅡ,especiallythoseofDutchwomen,whowereexpectedtokeepthehomefiresburningandletthemengetonwiththefighting.So,IwasintriguedwhendiscoveringmanyDutchfemalefighterswhoriskedtheirlivesfortheircountryinwartime.Mybook,TheGirlwiththeRedHair,isbasedonthetruestoryofHannieSchaft,themostfamousofthosebravewomen.TotheDutch,HanniewasaniconofresistanceduringWorldWarⅡ,andaroundthecountrythereareschoolsandstreetsnamedafterher.Atthestartofthewar,HanniewasalawstudentattheUniversityofAmsterdam,butherstudiesweredisruptedbytheGermanoccupationoftheNetherlands.OnMay14th,1940,aGermanbombingraidalmostdestroyedRotterdam,forcingthousandstofleetheburningcity.AstheNazisbegantargetingJews,Hanniedecidedtoact.WhetheritwasshelteringJewsortransportingtop-secretinformationinhersaddlebags,settingfiretomilitaryfacilitiesorshootingNaziofficers,thebreathtakingcourageshedemonstratedwasunprecedented.Hanniewaspreparedtotakeonanyassignmentinherquestforjustice.Hannie’sstoryendstragically.ItwasHannie’sgreatmisfortunetobearrestedonlyweeksbeforetheendofthewar.Thoughthisblack-hairedgirlrefusedtotalkunderquestioning,herredhairrootsgaveheridentityaway.Onecoldspringmorning,Hanniewastakenfromhercellandmarchedtoapoint,whereoneoftheNazisoldierstookaim.Buthisfirstshotonlygrazedherear.Shesaid,“Idiot!Ishootbetterthanyou.”Thesecondbullettookherlife.IthasbeenahumblingexperiencewritingthisbookaboutHannieSchaft.Althoughmybookisaworkoffiction,IhopeI’vedonejusticetothisincredibleandinspiringwoman.Comeanddiscovermoreaboutmynewnovel,thesecondinTheDutchGirlseries,calledTheGirlwiththeRedHair.4.WhatdoweknowabouttheDutchwomenfromthefirstparagraph?A.FewwomentookpartinWorldWarⅡ.B.Women’scontributionswererarelyrecorded.C.Thereexistedstereotypicalperceptionofwomen.D.Women’sstorieswereovershadowedbymen'sheroism.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Hannie’speacefullifebeforethewar. B.ChallengesHanniefacedinhereducation.C.Hannie’scourageousresistanceactivities. D.DestructioncausedbytheGermanbombing.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“onlygrazed”inparagraph4mean?A.Barelytouched. B.Partiallydeafened. C.Deeplywounded. D.Completelymissed.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torecordthewartimehistory. B.Toreflectonawritingexperience.C.Tointroduceapatrioticwoman. D.Toshareareal-life-inspiredfiction.【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在创作小说《红发女孩》时，以二战期间荷兰著名女抵抗战士汉妮·沙夫特的真实故事为蓝本，展现了汉妮在战争期间所展现出的非凡勇气和牺牲精神，尽管小说是虚构的，但作者希望通过这部作品向这位令人敬佩的女性致敬，并鼓励读者了解更多关于汉妮的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“It’sunusualtoreadnovelsaboutwomentakinganactiveroleintheresistanceduringWorldWarⅡ,especiallythoseofDutchwomen,whowereexpectedtokeepthehomefiresburningandletthemengetonwiththefighting.(读到关于女性在二战期间积极参与抵抗的小说是不寻常的，尤其是那些荷兰女性，她们被期望保持家庭的温暖，让男人们继续战斗。)”可知，人们对荷兰女性存在刻板印象，认为她们应该待在家里，而不是参与战争。故选C项。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“WhetheritwasshelteringJewsortransportingtop-secretinformationinhersaddlebags,settingfiretomilitaryfacilitiesorshootingNaziofficers,thebreathtakingcourageshedemonstratedwasunprecedented.Hanniewaspreparedtotakeonanyassignmentinherquestforjustice.(无论是庇护犹太人，还是在马鞍袋里运送绝密信息，放火烧毁军事设施，还是射杀纳粹军官，她所表现出的惊人勇气都是前所未有的。汉妮准备接受任何任务，以寻求正义。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是汉妮勇敢的抵抗活动。故选C项。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据上文“Onecoldspringmorning,Hanniewastakenfromhercellandmarchedtoapoint,whereoneoftheNazisoldierstookaim.(一个寒冷的春日清晨，汉妮被带出牢房，押到一处地点。一名纳粹士兵举枪瞄准。)”和下文“Shesaid,“Idiot!Ishootbetterthanyou.”Thesecondbullettookherlife.(她骂道：“蠢货！我开枪都比你准。”第二颗子弹夺走了她的性命。)”可知，第一枪只是擦伤了她的耳朵，并没有造成严重的伤害，所以onlygrazed在此处的意思是“几乎没碰到”。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Althoughmybookisaworkoffiction,IhopeI’vedonejusticetothisincredibleandinspiringwoman.Comeanddiscovermoreaboutmynewnovel,thesecondinTheDutchGirlseries,calledTheGirlwiththeRedHair.(虽然我的书是虚构的，但我希望我对这位令人难以置信和鼓舞人心的女性做了公正的评价。来了解更多关于我的新小说的信息吧，这是《荷兰女孩》系列的第二部，名为《红发女孩》。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是分享一个受真实生活启发的小说。故选D项。CYoumightwanderleisurelyintotheKinderShopifyouhappenedtobeinCarlisle,acitythatsitsinthecountyofCumbriainnorthwestEngland.Itswindowsdisplayedarangeofhouseholditemslikecandles,lampsandchairs.Butthisshopdiffersfromothershops.Eachitemintheshopwasgenerouslydonatedbylocalbusinessesandpricedintermsofvolunteerhoursthatthepurchaserwouldcontributetonearbycharities.Thesuggestednumberofhoursrequiredtopurchaseeachitemwasclearlydisplayedonitspricetag,CallingitselftheKinderShop,thisstorehastransformedtheconceptofkindnessintoapracticalprojectthatgenuinelyimpactsthelivesoflocals.Thenatureofthestoreliesinitsdevotiontoassistingthecounty’scharitableorganizationsandcommunitygroups,whichrelyontheinvaluableworkofvolunteerstofulfilltheirvitalmissions.ThefirstcustomerSaraTalebaouipaidforherpurchases,includingatableandseveralchairssetforhergarden,byvolunteeringforatotalof24hoursforseverallocalcharities.“Thisisindeedmyluckyday.Ihadhadnoknowledgeofthiseventbeforeandcouldn’tbelieveitwhenIwasinformedthatalltheselovelythingsarebeingofferedinaspecialway,”SaratoldCumbriaCrack.“Iamabitofahistoryfan,soworkingforEnglishHeritageisabsolutelyagoldenopportunityforme.”TheKinderShophasopeneddoorsforpeopletoparticipateincharitableactivities,enablingthemtomakeapracticalimpactontheircommunity.BrambleHouseHairSaloninthenearbytownofKeswickwasinspiredtohosta“pay-with-kindness”day.Duringtheactivity,individualswhospent15minutescollectingtrashinthetowncenterreceivedafreehaircutasagestureofappreciation.“Whatwethoughtwouldbeaone-off(一次的)eventlooksasifitcouldbethestartofsomethingreallyspecial,”saidDesMoore,CEOoftheCumberlandBuildingSociety,“WebelievewecantaketheideaofkindnessfromCumbriaandspreaditallaroundtheUK.”8.WhichmaysettheKinderShopapartfromotherstores?A.Thevariouspaymentmethods. B.Longhoursofshoppingservice.C.Anon-monetaryexchangesystem. D.Generousdiscountsforvolunteers.9.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheKinderShop?A.Toprovidefreedailyitemsforthoseinneed. B.Toofferemploymentopportunitiestothelocals.C.Todrivevolunteercontributionstolocalcharities. D.Toraisefundsforthelocalcharitableorganizations.10.HowdidSarafindherwholeexperienceofgettingfurniturefromtheshop?A.It’ssatisfying. B.It’sinconvenient. C.It’sboring. D.It’slaborious.11.WhatcanweinferabouttheKinderShopfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itstradingmodegoesthroughmanychanges. B.Itcompetesactivelywithotherbusinesses.C.Ithasreceivedtheofficialsupport. D.Itsimpacthasexpandedfurther.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章主要叙述英国西北部一个城市的特殊商店，店里的每件商品都是当地商家慷慨捐赠的，并以购买者为附近的慈善机构贡献的志愿服务时间来确定他们服务的价位并给予相应的商品。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Butthisshopdiffersfromothershops.Eachitemintheshopwasgenerouslydonatedbylocalbusinessesandpricedintermsofvolunteerhoursthatthepurchaserwouldcontributetonearbycharities.(但是这家店与其他店不一样。店里每件商品都是有当地企业慷慨捐赠的，并以购买者为附近的慈善机构贡献的志愿者时间来定价的。)”可知，这家店与其他店不同之处就在于店里的商品是由企业捐赠的，商品价格也是由购买者当志愿者的时间来定的，因此为非货币交易，故选C。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thenatureofthestoreliesinitsdevotiontoassistingthecounty’scharitableorganizationsandcommunitygroups,whichrelyontheinvaluableworkofvolunteerstofulfilltheirvitalmissions.(该店的本质在于它致力于帮助该县的慈善组织和社区团体，这些组织依靠志愿者的宝贵工作来完成他们的重要任务。)”可知，该店的目标是支持慈善机构和社区团体，依赖志愿者来完成使命，故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段““Thisisindeedmyluckyday.Ihadhadnoknowledgeofthiseventbeforeandcouldn’tbelieveitwhenIwasinformedthatalltheselovelythingsarebeingofferedinaspecialway,”SaratoldCumbriaCrack.“Iamabitofahistoryfan,soworkingforEnglishHeritageisabsolutelyagoldenopportunityforme.”(Sara告诉CumbriaCrack：“今天是我的幸运日。我之前对这个活动一无所知，当我被告知所有这些可爱的东西都以特殊的方式提供时，我简直不敢相信。我是一个历史迷，所以为英国遗产部门工作对我来说绝对是一个千金的机会。”)”可知，Sara称这是“幸运的一天”，并感谢通过志愿者工作获得这个工作的机会，故可推知她对此是满意的，故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“BrambleHouseHairSaloninthenearbytownofKeswickwasinspiredtohosta“pay-with-kindness”day.(附近Keswick镇的BrambleHouse理发店受到启发举办了“慈善支付日”。)”以及最后一段DesMoore所说的话““WebelievewecantaketheideaofkindnessfromCumbriaandspreaditallaroundtheUK.”(“我们相信，我们能将这个慈善理念从Cumbria扩展到全英。”)”可知，这家店影响了附近的理发店，且其理念也将扩展到全英，因此它的影响得到了进一步的扩展，故选D。DRisewiththesunandrestatsunset—thiswasthewayoflifeforourancestors.Thankstoartificiallight,whichimprovesvisibilityatnight,wecanenjoyamuchsafersocietyandaround-the-clockproductivity.Forwildlife,however,studieshaveshownitdisturbsanimals’naturalsleepcycles,affectsamphibian(两栖的)reproductionandthrowsmigratingbirdsoffcourse.NewresearchinFrontiersinPlantScienceinvestigatedhowartificiallightimpactsplant-insectrelationships.ResearchersfromChineseAcademyofSciencesnoticedtreeleavesincitiestypicallyshowedfewersignsofinsectdamagethanthoseoutsideofcities,sotheyanalyzed5,500leafsamplesfromtwotreespeciesthroughoutBeijing.Researchersfoundmoreartificiallightinagivenareameanttougherleaves.Andthetoughertheleaf,thelessevidenceofhungryinsects.Theydon’tfullyunderstandwhy,butassumethattreesunderartificiallightatnightmightbeextendingtheirphotosynthesis(光合作用)time.“Plantsdistributetheirlimitedresources,suchasnutrients,waterandenergy,amongvariousfunctionslikegrowth,reproductionanddefense,dependingontheenvironment.Lightcanaffecthowplantsuseresources,”saysEllenCieraad,aplantecologistfromNewZealand.“Sinceplantsuselightforgrowth,artificialnightlightcouldbeunnaturallyincreasingthetimetreesspendonphotosynthesis,allocatingmoreresourcestochemicalcompoundsthatmakeleavestougher.”“Ifthesameappliedtoleavesofotherspecies,thiswouldbebadnewsforinsects,”researcherssaid.Changesinplants,andininteractionsbetweenplantsandanimals,cansignificantlyimpacttheentireurbanecosystem.Herbivorousinsects,whichrelyonleavesforfood,maystruggletosurvive,disruptingthefoodchain.Fewerherbivorousinsectscouldleadtodeclinesinpredatorslikebirds,affectingbiodiversity.Insectsalsoplayvitalrolesaspollinators(传粉媒介)andeatdecayingplants,helpingtobreakdownleavesandreturningnutrientstosoil.Incities,healthysoilandhealthyplantlifesupportedbyinsectsaregoodforhumans,asplantsprovideshadeandreduceheattrappedincities.Movingforward,researchersarecommittedtorefiningtheirdiscovery,aimingtoguidepeopletotakecorrespondingactions.12.Whatinfluencedoesartificiallightbringaccordingtothetext?A.Ittoughenstreeleaves.B.Itshortensanimals’sleephours.C.Itilluminatesbirds’migratingroutes.D.Itincreasesamphibianreproductionrates.13.WhyisEllenCieraadquotedinparagraph3?A.Toraiseaconcern. B.Tointroduceaconcept.C.Tosupportanassumption. D.Toclarifyamisunderstanding.14.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthephenomenoninparagraph4?A.Timehealsallwounds. B.Naturealwaysfindsaway.C.Achainisasstrongasitsweakestlink. D.Asmallmovemayaffectthebiggerpicture.15.Whatwillthefollowingresearchprobablyfocuson?A.Approachestoenhancingsoilquality.B.Waysofimprovingurbanbiodiversity.C.Standardsforselectingplantspeciesincities.D.Solutionstoreducingimpactsofnighttimelight.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人造光对人类有益，但会干扰野生动物的自然睡眠周期，新研究还发现它会使树叶变硬，影响城市生态系统。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchersfoundmoreartificiallightinagivenareameanttougherleaves.(研究人员发现，特定区域的人造光越多，树叶就越坚硬)”可知，人造光会使树叶变硬。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theydon’tfullyunderstandwhy,butassumethattreesunderartificiallightatnightmightbeextendingtheirphotosynthesis(光合作用)time.(他们并不完全明白原因，但推测夜间处于人造光下的树木可能会延长它们的光合作用时间)”和第三段中引用EllenCieraad的话“Sinceplantsuselightforgrowth,artificialnightlightcouldbeunnaturallyincreasingthetimetreesspendonphotosynthesis,allocatingmoreresourcestochemicalcompoundsthatmakeleavestougher.(由于植物利用光进行生长，夜间人造光可能会不自然地增加树木进行光合作用的时间，将更多的资源分配到使树叶更坚硬的化合物上)”可推知，引用EllenCieraad的话是为了支持第二段中研究人员的假设。故选C项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Changesinplants,andininteractionsbetweenplantsandanimals,cansignificantlyimpacttheentireurbanecosystem.Herbivorousinsects,whichrelyonleavesforfood,maystruggletosurvive,disruptingthefoodchain.Fewerherbivorousinsectscouldleadtodeclinesinpredatorslikebirds,affectingbiodiversity.(植物的变化以及植物与动物之间相互作用的变化，会对整个城市生态系统产生重大影响。以树叶为食的食草昆虫可能难以生存，从而破坏食物链。食草昆虫数量的减少可能会导致鸟类等捕食者数量的减少，影响生物多样性)”描述的现象可知，植物和动物间的小变化会影响整个城市生态系统，即小的变动可能会影响大局。故D项“Asmallmovemayaffectthebiggerpicture.(一个小小的变动可能会影响大局)”能概括该段现象。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据前文提到人造光对生态系统的诸多影响和最后一段中“Movingforward,researchersarecommittedtorefiningtheirdiscovery,aimingtoguidepeopletotakecorrespondingactions.(未来，研究人员致力于完善他们的发现，旨在引导人们采取相应的行动)”可推断，后续研究可能会关注减少夜间人造光影响的解决方案。故选D项。三、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。HowtoeatanddrinkfewermicroplasticsMicroplasticsareeverywhere.They’reinyourliver,bloodandeveninyourbrain,andthey’realmostimpossibletoavoid.____16____.Herearefourwaystoreduceyourexposureinwhatyoueatanddrink.____17____Drinkingbottledwatercouldbeintroducingyoutothousandsofmicroscopicpiecesofplastic.Infact,bottledwateristhebiggestpathwaytomicroplasticexposure.Researchershavefoundthatanaverageliterofbottledwatercontainsabout240,000plasticparticles(微粒),mostofwhicharenanoplastics,measuringjustasmallpartofthewidthofahumanhair.Switchingfrombottledwatertofiltered(过滤的)tapwaterhasthepotentialtoreducemicroplasticintake.AvoidplasticfoodcontainersUsingplasticisoftenunavoidable,buttherearemanywaystoreduceyourfood’sinteractionwithplastics,andthatincludestheplasticstoragecontainers,saidexperts.Expertsurgepeopletoreplacefoodthatcomesinplasticcontainerswithalternatives.____18____Cannedfoodisanotherplasticpollutionpathwayforhumans.UseglassinthemicrowaveOnestudyfoundthatmicrowavingfoodinplasticcontainersandreusablefoodbagscouldreleasemorethan4millionmicroplasticand2billionnanoplasticparticlespersquarecentimeterinjustthreeminutes.Heatcausesmicroplasticstogetintoyourfood,soavoidputtinghotfoodintoplasticpackaging.____19____AvoidhighlyprocessedfoodsHighlyprocessedfoodscontainsignificantlymoremicroplasticsthanminimallyprocessedfood.____20____Oftheproductstested,breadedshrimp(虾)hadthehighestconcentrationsofplasticparticles.Highlyprocessedchickenpiecescontained30timesasmanymicroplasticspergramaschickenbreasts.A.Choosetodrinkcleantapwater.B.Filterandboilyourbottledwater.C.Microplasticscouldalsobehidinginyourfoodcontainers.D.Fortunately,therearesomestepstominimizeyourexposure.E.Thatcouldbeassimpleasbuyingpeanutbutterinaglasscontainer.F.Andmakesurethatit’snotstoredinsunlightorotherwarmenvironments.G.Onestudyfoundmicroplasticsinall16proteinproductsthatresearcherssampled.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.F20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是如何减少微塑料的接触。【16题详析】根据空前“Microplasticsareeverywhere.They’reinyourliver,bloodandeveninyourbrain,andthey’realmostimpossibletoavoid.(微塑料无处不在，它们存在于你的肝脏、血液甚至大脑中，而且几乎无法避免)”可知微塑料几乎无处不在，无法避免，根据空后“Herearefourwaystoreduceyourexposureinwhatyoueatanddrink.(这里有四种方法可以减少你在食物和饮料中的微塑料接触)”可知文章接下来介绍的是关于如何减少食物和饮料中微塑料接触的四种方法，结合选项，D项Fortunately,therearesomestepstominimizeyourexposure.(幸运地是，有一些措施可以减少你的接触)提出有办法可以减少对微塑料的接触，承上启下，而且选项中的minimizeyourexposure与空后的reduceyourexposure为同义复现，符合上下文语境，故选D项。【17题详析】空处为本段小标题，根据本段第一句话“Drinkingbottledwatercouldbeintroducingyoutothousandsofmicroscopicpiecesofplastic.(喝瓶装水可能会让你接触到成千上万的微塑料碎片)”以及后文可知本段主要围绕着瓶装水含有大量微塑料来展开，由最后一句“Switchingfrombottledwatertofiltered(过滤的)tapwaterhasthepotentialtoreducemicroplasticintake.(从瓶装水转换为过滤自来水有可能减少微塑料摄入量)”可知此处建议由瓶装水换为过滤自来水，A项Choosetodrinkcleantapwater.(选择饮用干净的自来水)指出要选择饮用干净的自来水，概括本段内容，而且选项中的cleantapwater与空后的filtered(过滤的)tapwater为同义复现，符合上下文语境，故选A项。【18题详析】根据本段小标题“Avoidplasticfoodcontainers(避免使用塑料食品容器)”及空前的“Expertsurgepeopletoreplacefoodthatcomesinplasticcontainerswithalternatives.(专家们敦促人们用替代品代替塑料容器中的食物)”可知本段主要强调的是要用避免使用塑料食品容器，以及用替代品代替塑料容器中的食物，E项Thatcouldbeassimpleasbuyingpeanutbutterinaglasscontainer.(这可能很简单，就像买一个玻璃容器里的花生酱)举例说明具体替代方案，与上文衔接紧密，而且选项中的That指代上文的replacefoodthatcomesinplasticcontainerswithalternatives的内容，符合上下文语境，故选E项。【19题详析】根据空前“Heatcausesmicroplasticstogetintoyourfood,soavoidputtinghotfoodintoplasticpackaging.(热量会导致微塑料进入你的食物中，所以不要把热的食物放入塑料包装中)”可知此处指出因为热量会导致微塑料进入食物中，所以在使用微波炉加热时不要把热的食物放入塑料包装中，选项FAndmakesurethatit’snotstoredinsunlightorotherwarmenvironments.(并确保它没有储存在阳光或其他温暖的环境中)指出要避免将食物存放于阳光下或温暖环境中，对前文的建议进行了补充，符合上下文语境，故选F项。【20题详析】根据段落标题“Avoidhighlyprocessedfoods(避免深加工食品)”以及空前“Highlyprocessedfoodscontainsignificantlymoremicroplasticsthanminimallyprocessedfood.(深加工食品中的微塑料含量明显高于最小加工食品)”可知本段主要讲的是要避免微塑料含量比较高的深加工食品的摄入，根据空后“Oftheproductstested,breadedshrimp(虾)hadthehighestconcentrationsofplasticparticles.Highlyprocessedchickenpiecescontained30timesasmanymicroplasticspergramaschickenbreasts.(在测试的产品中，面包屑虾的塑料颗粒浓度最高。经过深度加工的鸡块每克含有的微塑料是鸡胸肉的30倍)”可知此处指明了经过深加工的蛋白质食品中微塑料含量是比较高的，G项Onestudyfoundmicroplasticsinall16proteinproductsthatresearcherssampled.(一项研究在研究人员取样的所有16种蛋白质产品中发现了微塑料)指出研究人员取样的所有16种蛋白质产品中发现了微塑料，承接上文，引出下文，空后的Oftheproductstested与选项中的all16proteinproductsthatresearcherssampled相互照应，空后的数字与选项中的数字相互照应，符合上下文语境，故选G项。四、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。JamesSmithhaslongsucceededincompetition,eveninsnowballfightsasachild.Nowthathe’s80,his____21____edgehasonlygottensharper.“Manyhavesaid,‘You’recrazy,’”saidSmith,whovisitsdoctorseveryfewmonthstocheckonhis____22____.“Butthey’venevertoldmenotto____23____.”Smithnotonlyrunsultramarathons—raceslongerthan26.2milesthatoftentakedaysto____24____—healsosetsrecords.Smithsaid,“I’veneverreallythoughtofmy____25____asanobstacle,Ikindofhavethe____26____of“Ifsomebodyelsecandoit,youknow,whycan’tI?”Therearemany____27____behindhisrunning.OneofSmith’sracescameinNovember2016,whenhe____28____thechallengeofa100-mileraceinsouthwestChina,neartheveryregionwherehisfather,Mickey,foughtJapanesesoldierswhile____29____intheU.S.ArmyAirCorps(空军)duringWorldWarⅡ.Once,afterSmithfinishedanultramarathoninCalifornia,astranger____30____himanotethatsaid:“Watchingyoustruggleupthathillgavemethe____31____tofightmyownillness.Thankyouforshowingmehowtopersevere.”ForSmith,itwasproofthatrunningcould____32____lifebeyondthefinishline.AfterhefinishedBadwaterUltramarathon,oneoftheworld’shardestfootraces,SmithtoldhistrainerMichaelJohnsonthatitwouldbehis____33____ultramarathon.Smithhasn’t____34____anotherrace—butJohnsonsaidhewouldprobablyfindonesoon.“He’sshowingwhat’s____35____notjustforhim,butforyoutoo,forme,forallofus,”saidJohnson.21.A.knowledgeable B.competitive C.creative D.influential22.A.recovery B.progress C.health D.memory23.A.run B.jump C.play D.leave24.A.watch B.complete C.approach D.maintain25.A.appearance B.gender C.personality D.age26.A.expectation B.choice C.attitude D.method27.A.accidents B.stories C.rewards D.secrets28.A.tookon B.thoughtabout C.putaside D.waitedfor29.A.studying B.travelling C.teaching D.serving30.A.handed B.posted C.bought D.promised31.A.right B.strength C.advice D.duty32.A.inspire B.create C.waste D.risk33.A.upcoming B.favourite C.last D.unforgettable34.A.missed B.finished C.won D.scheduled35.A.real B.necessary C.possible D.useful【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.C27.B28.A29.D30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了80岁的詹姆斯・史密斯仍热衷超级马拉松并创纪录，其跑步背后有多重故事，不仅激励他人，更向所有人展示了突破局限的可能。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今他80岁了，竞争优势却愈发突出。A.knowledgeable博学的；B.competitive竞争的；C.creative有创造力的；D.influential有影响力的。根据上文“longsucceededincompetition”可知，他一直擅长竞争，competitive与“competition”为同根词复现，符合语境。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯每隔几个月就去看医生检查健康状况。A.recovery康复；B.progress进步；C.health健康；D.memory记忆。根据上文“visitsdoctorseveryfewmonthstocheckonhis”以及语境可知，80岁的老人定期看医生，核心目的是检查身体健康，health符合“就医检查的核心对象”的语境。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但他们从没让我不要跑步。”A.run跑步；B.jump跳跃；C.play玩耍；D.leave离开。根据下文“runsultramarathons”可知，他的核心活动是跑步，医生未禁止的也是这项运动，run为原词复现。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯不仅跑超级马拉松，超级马拉松赛程超过26.2英里，通常需要数天才能完成。A.watch观看；B.complete完成；C.approach接近；D.maintain维持。根据上文“raceslongerthan26.2miles”以及语境可知，此处指完成比赛，complete符合“结束赛程”的语境。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从未真正把自己的年龄当作障碍。A.appearance外貌；B.gender性别；C.personality性格；D.age年龄。根据上文“he’s80”可知，前文提到他80岁，这是他与其他跑者最明显的差异，age对应“80岁”这一关键信息。故选D项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有种这样的态度：如果别人能做到，你知道的，我为什么不能？A.expectation期待；B.choice选择；C.attitude态度；D.method方法。根据下文“Ifsomebodyelsecandoit,youknow,whycan’tI?”可知，这是一种看待事物的心态，attitude符合“对某事的看法和心态”的语境。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他跑步的背后有很多故事。A.accidents事故；B.stories故事；C.rewards回报；D.secrets秘密。根据下文“Smith’sracescameinNovember2016”以及语境可知，后文提到2016年的比赛、陌生人的纸条等具体经历，这些都是跑步相关的故事，stories符合“具体事件的叙述”的语境。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯的一场比赛是在2016年11月，当时他接受了中国西南部一场100英里比赛的挑战。A.tookon接受；B.thoughtabout思考；C.putaside搁置；D.waitedfor等待。根据下文“thechallengeofa100-mileraceinsouthwestChina”以及语境可知，这里指他接受挑战，takeon符合“主动承担任务或挑战”的语境。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲米奇二战期间在美国陆军空军服役时，曾在该地区附近与日军作战。A.studying学习；B.travelling旅行；C.teaching教学；D.serving服役。根据上文“foughtJapanesesoldiers”可知，这里指父亲是在军队服役期间参战，serving符合“在军队中服役”的语境。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个陌生人递给他一张纸条，上面写着：“看着你爬上那座山，给了我对抗自己疾病的力量。谢谢你教我如何坚持下去。”A.handed递给；B.posted邮寄；C.bought买；D.promised承诺。结合上文“afterSmithfinishedanultramarathon”可知，这是赛后陌生人当场的行为，handed符合“当面递交”的语境。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着你奋力爬山，给了我与自己疾病作斗争的力量。A.right权利；B.strength力量；C.advice建议；D.duty责任。根据下文“tofightmyownillness”以及语境可知，陌生人受史密斯的坚持鼓舞，获得了对抗疾病的力量，strength符合“克服困难的精神力量”的语境。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对史密斯来说，这证明了跑步的意义能超越终点线，激励人生。A.inspire激励；B.create创造；C.waste浪费；D.risk冒险。根据上文“Thankyouforshowingmehowtopersevere”以及语境可知，这里指陌生人因他获得对抗疾病的力量，说明跑步能激励他人，inspire符合“给予他人精神动力”的语境。故选A项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这将是他最后一场超级马拉松。A.upcoming即将到来的；B.favourite最喜欢的；C.last最后的；D.unforgettable难忘的。根据下文“butJohnsonsaidhewouldprobablyfindonesoon”以及语境可知，前后形成转折，此处指他原本说这是最后一场，last符合语境。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯还没有安排另一场比赛，但约翰逊说他可能很快就会找到。A.missed错过；B.finished完成；C.won赢得；D.scheduled安排。根据下文“hewouldprobablyfindonesoon”可知，他目前还没确定下一场比赛，即未安排，scheduled符合“规划、确定时间”的语境。故选D项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在展示什么是可能的——不仅对他自己，对你、对我、对我们所有人来说都是如此。A.real真实的；B.necessary必要的；C.possible可能的；D.useful有用的。根据上文“hefinishedBadwaterUltramarathon”以及语境可知，80岁的史密斯仍能完成超级马拉松，这证明