《工业分析 Industrial Analysis》课件-钢铁中磷的测定方法介绍（双语）

项目六：钢铁分析任务四：钢铁中磷的测定钢铁中磷的测定方法介绍课程：工业分析中文Scenario6:SteelanalysisTask4:DeterminationofphosphorusinsteelIntroductiontothedeterminationmethodofphosphorusinsteelCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish一、钢铁中磷的作用钢铁中磷以固溶体、磷化铁、其他合金元素的磷化物及少量磷酸盐形式存在磷化铁质硬，影响塑性和韧性，易发生冷脆形象，凝结时会发生偏析磷能提高钢材的抗腐蚀性，提高钢材的拉伸强度中文一、TheroleofphosphorusinsteelPhosphorusinsteelexistsintheformofsolidsolutions,phosphidesofironphosphide,phosphidesofotherelements,andsmallamountsofphosphatesPhosphatedironishardandaffectsplasticityandtoughness,makingitpronetocoldbrittlenessandsegregationduringsolidificationPhosphoruscanimprovethecorrosionresistanceandtensilestrengthofsteelEglishP的主要氧化态为-3、+1、+3、+4、+5，相应的典型化合物依次为PH3、H3PO2、H3PO3、H4P2O4、H3PO4PH3:无色而有剧毒的气体，在水中溶解度小。PH3、H3PO2及其盐类均是强还原剂，但与大多数氧化剂反应缓慢；H4P2O4在水中很不稳定能发生歧化反应，生成H3PO3、H3PO4；H3PO4为不挥发性酸，由于其标准电极电位很低通常不具有氧化性。中文ThemainoxidationstateofPis

-3，+1，+3，+4or+5，andthecorrespondingtypicalcompoundsarePH3、H3PO2、H3PO3、H4P2O4、H3PO4PH3:acolorlessandhighlytoxicgaswithlowsolubilityinwater.PH3,H3PO2,andtheirsaltsarestrongreducingagents,butreactslowlywithmostoxidants;H4P2O4isveryunstableinwaterandcanundergodisproportionationreactions,generatingH3PO3andH3PO4;H3PO4isanon-volatileacidandusuallydoesnothaveoxidizingpropertiesduetoitslowstandardelectrodepotential.Eglish二、测定方法重量法分光光度法酸碱滴定法磷钼酸铵法磷酸铵镁法磷钼酸铵-酸碱滴定法磷钼酸喹啉-酸碱滴定法中文二、MeasurementmethodgravimetricmethodspectrophotometryAcid-basetitrationAmmoniummolybdate

phosphatemethodMagnesiumammoniumphosphatemethodAmmoniumphosphomolybdateacid-basetitrationmethodQuinolinephosphomolybdateacid-basetitrationmethodEglish1、重量法-磷钼酸铵法样品用酸分解成溶液测定过程强酸中磷酸与过量钼酸铵形成磷钼酸铵沉淀灼烧成P2O5·24MoO3,称重第一步第二步第三步中文1、gravimetricmethod-Ammoniummolybdate

phosphateThesampleisdecomposedintoasolutionusingacidMeasurementprocessPhosphoricacidinstrongacidreactswithexcessammoniummolybdatetoformammoniummolybdateprecipitationBurntogenerateP2O5·24MoO3,weighstep1step2step3Eglish第三步样品用酸分解成溶液测定过程第二步第一步氨性溶液中PO43-与Mg2+、NH4+形成磷酸铵镁沉淀灼烧成焦磷酸镁,称重1、重量法-磷酸铵镁法中文step3ThesampleisdecomposedintoasolutionusingacidMeasurementprocessstep2step1PO43-formsammoniummagnesiumphosphateprecipitationwithMg2+andNH4+inammoniasolutionBurntoformmagnesiumpyrophosphate,weigh1、gravimetricmethod-MagnesiumammoniumphosphateEglish2、分光光度法磷酸磷杂多酸磷钼杂多蓝磷钼杂多酸磷钒钼杂多酸分光光度法测定中文2、spectrophotometryphosphoricacidPhosphorusmolybdenumheteropolyPhosphorusmolybdenumheteropolybluePhosphorusmolybdenumheteropolyPhosphorusvanadiummolybdenumheteropolyacidDeterminationbyspectrophotometryEglish3、酸碱滴定法（1）磷钼酸铵-酸碱滴定法磷磷钼酸铵沉淀NH4+过量NaOH溶解沉淀酚酞为指示剂，用硝酸滴定过量NaOH中文3、Acid-basetitration（1）Ammoniumphosphomolybdateacid-basetitrationmethodphosphorusAmmoniumphosphomolybdateprecipitationNH4+AddexcessNaOHtodissolvetheprecipitateTitrateexcessNaOHwithnitricacidusingphenolphthaleinasanindicatorEglish（2）磷钼酸喹啉-酸碱滴定法PO43-MoO42-H+H3(PO4.12MoO3).H2O磷钼杂多酸C9H7N磷钼酸喹啉黄色(C9H7N)3H3(PO4.12MoO3).H2O一定量过量水洗NaOH溶解，剩余NaOHHCl标液滴定V有机碱喹啉中文（2）Quinolinephosphomolybdateacid-basetitrationmethodPO43-MoO42-H+H3(PO4.12MoO3).H2OPhosphorusmolybdenumheteropol