Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures-省略英语教学课件

SectionⅢ

DiscoveringUsefulStructures——省略内容索引02.研学案•素养为本精讲精练探·语法课堂学习学•语言要点知识03.晚练(三)01.预学案•知识为基听说读写练•课堂5分钟夯基01.预学案•知识为基听说读写观察并还原下列课文原句中省略的成分①Andwhatacity(itis)—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.②Myhotelisneardowntown,intheMissionDistrict,(whichis)oneoftheoldestpartsofthecity.③Thisdistrictusedtobeapoorareaoftown,but(thisdistrict)isnowacentreforart,music,andfood.④(Itis)Arealmixofcultureshere!⑤Whatgreatfood(itis)!⑥(I)Can'twait!自我感悟1．句④⑥为________句中的省略。2．句①⑤为________句中的省略。3．句③为________句中的省略。4．句②为________句中的省略。简单感叹并列复合02.研学案•素养为本精讲精练探·语法课堂学习为了避免重复，或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去一个或几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：一、简单句中的省略1．省略主语：一般情况下，主语是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下，特别是在口语中，主语常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。(It)Lookslikerainnow.现在(天)看起来要下雨。(You)Besurenottomakeanynoise.(你)一定不要制造出任何噪声。2．省略宾语：当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，通常省略宾语。Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn't(haveaknowledgeoffirstaid).他具备急救知识，但他的朋友不具备。Shewashed(theshirt),ironed(theshirt),andfoldedtheshirt.她洗了(衬衫),并且把它熨好、叠好。3．省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)：在某些具体的场合下，主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等，可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略，只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。①(Youcome)Thisway,please.请这边走。(省略了主语和谓语)②(Haveyou)Gotanyink?你有墨水吗？(省略了主语和谓语的一部分)即学即练1

用下划线标出句中可以省略的部分(忽略大小写)①Ihaven'tseenyouforages.②I'msorrytohearyouareill.③Whatawonderfultimewehad!④Hisbrotherisn'tlazy,andnorishissisterlazy.⑤—WouldyouliketogotoXizang?—Yes,I'dliketogothere.⑥—Hehasn'tfinishedthetaskyet.—Well,heoughttohavefinishedthetask.⑦Youhaveaseat,please!⑧Whatacleverboyheis!⑨Ilikeredwinebetterthanwhitewine.⑩Ithasrainedforawholeday.①Ihaven'tseenyouforages.②I'msorrytohearyouareill.③Whatawonderfultimewe_had!④Hisbrotherisn'tlazy,andnorishissisterlazy．⑤—WouldyouliketogotoXizang?—Yes,I'dliketogo_there．⑥—Hehasn'tfinishedthetaskyet.—Well,heoughttohavefinished_the_task．⑦Youhaveaseat,please!⑧Whatacleverboyhe_is!⑨Ilikeredwinebetterthanwhitewine．⑩Ithasrainedforawholeday.二、并列句中的省略1．在并列句中，后面分句中与前面分句相同的部分常常省去，以避免重复。Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.当夏天来临，白天变得越来越长，夜晚变得越来越短。MybrotherlikessportsandI(like)music.我弟弟喜欢体育，我喜欢音乐。Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateand(Jeff)addedinsomemilk.杰夫在盘子里打了两个鸡蛋，并加了一些牛奶。2．有时由于上下文语境很明显，后一分句中的一些词语也可省略。Theytriedtheirbestbut(theytried)invain.他们尽力了，但是白费劲。(Giveme)OnemorechanceandI'llsurelysucceed.再给我一次机会，我一定会成功。〖名师点津〗在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略与前面分句中相同的成分。Tompickedupawalletintheroadand(Tom)handedittoapoliceman.汤姆在马路上捡到一个钱包并把它交给了警察。三、复合句中的省略1．状语从句中的省略(1)状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同或从句主语是it，且从句谓语是系动词be的某种形式时，从句的主语和系动词可以同时省略。(2)从句与主句中的相同部分也可以省略。While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.当我在街上散步时，我听到有人叫我的名字。When(itis)heated,icecanbeturnedintowater.冰被加热后，可以变成水。If(itis)possible,youcanreplytomeassoonaspossible.如果可能的话，你可以尽快回复我。2．定语从句中的省略关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且前面无介词时，可以省略关系代词。MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruit(that)wehadevereaten.我丈夫和我都认为它们是我们吃过的最好的水果。Theway(inwhich/that)hespeakstousisreallyannoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是令人讨厌。3．宾语从句中的省略及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。Wehope(that)suchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.我们希望这样的关注能激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.他说这篇课文很重要，我们应该用心学习。即学即练2

用省略句完成句子①只要有可能，他就会来帮助我。___________________，

hewillcometomyhelp.②骑自行车时，别忘了看红绿灯。__________________，

don'tforgettolookatthetrafficlights.③尽管他们很累，但他们继续工作。__________________，

theywentonworking.④我的朋友玛丽没有来学校，但我想知道为什么(她没有来学校)。MyfriendMarydidn'tcometoschool,butIwonder_________________________________.⑤我又找到了前几天被偷的自行车。________________________________wasfoundagain.Whenever(itis)possibleWhile(youare)cyclingThough(theywere)tiredwhy(shedidn'tcometoschool)Mybike(whichwas)stolentheotherday四、其他情况的省略1．动词不定式的省略(1)当动词不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作状语时，常省略与前句重复的to后面的内容。Youcan'tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe'snotreadyto(answerthequestion).如果他没有准备好回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。(2)某些使役动词(如make,let,have等)和感官动词(如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等)后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式须省略to；但若这些动词用于被动语态时，则不能省略to。WeoftenhearhersinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.→SheisoftenheardtosinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.我们经常听见她在教室里唱英文歌。(3)作介词but,except,besides的宾语，且前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的动词不定式(短语)常省略to。Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwaitandsee.他所能做的只有等着瞧。(4)当动词不定式在begoingto,beableto,haveto,oughtto,usedto后作复合谓语时，动词不定式可以省略。Theydidn'tvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。2．使用so,not等时的省略①—Canyoufinishyourworktoday?—Ithinkso．/Idon'tthinkso．/Ithinknot．——你今天能完成工作吗？——我认为能。/我认为不能。②—Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall,arethey?—Iguessnot．——男孩们工作做得一点儿也不好，是吗？——我猜是没做好。〖名师点津〗句①中so相当于Icanfinishmyworktoday;not相当于Ican'tfinishmyworktoday；句②中第二个not相当于theboysarenotdoingagoodjob。3．介词的省略一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动词-ing形式。常见结构如下：(1)havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)doingsth.(2)bebusy(in)doingsth.(3)spendsometime(in)doingsth.(4)stop/preventsb.(from)doingsth.Theheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。即学即练3

补全下列句中省略的介词①I'msorrytotellyouthatDianewon'tbehere(________)Friday.②Ican'tstopthem(________)goingthere.③Ihavesometrouble(________)learningEnglish.onfromin学·语言要点知识foldvt.包；裹；折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平(1)fold(up)折叠；对折foldone'sarms双臂交叉在胸前(2)foldingadj.可折叠的；折叠式的[练透]单句语法填空①Ifinishedmycoffee,________(fold)mynewspaperandstoodup.②Asthemistcleared,amostbeautifulview________(fold)beforetheireyes.foldedunfolded[写美]完成句子③那个年轻人双臂交叉躺在沙发上，很快就睡着了。Theyoungmanlayonthesofa_____________________andsoonfellasleep.[名师指津]

un-，用在动词词根前，表示相反的意思。如：①lockvt.(锁)→unlock(开锁);②foldvt.包；裹；折叠→unfoldv.(使)展开；打开withhisarmsfolded练·课堂5分钟夯基Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Themanwasnoticed________(enter)theclassroom.2．Andywasbusy________(try)toquietthehorse,andhesucceededafteratime.3．Tomyrelief,Ihadmyfather________(repair)mybikeyesterday.4．Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad________(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.5．Areyoutoooldforfairytales?Ifyouthink________，

Copenhagenissuretochangeyourmind.toentertryingrepairwalkingsoⅡ.将下列句子改写成省略句1．Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingforsomeone.→Shestoodatthegateasif________________.2．WhenhewasinAmerica,hemademanyfriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries.→________________，

hemademanyfriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries.3．Youmustlookbothwaysbeforeyoucrosstheroad.→________________beforeyoucrosstheroad.waitingforsomeoneWheninAmericaLookbothways03.晚练(三)1．Herjobistotakecareoftheeldersand

(wash)theirclothes.2．While

(visit)thecity,theyreceivedawarmwelcome.3．Idon'tlikemilk,butMommademe

(drink)it.4．Hesucceededinsolvingalltheproblemsas

(expect).5．Theteachercamenottopunishyoubut

(help)you.6．Generallyspeaking,when

(take)accordingtotheinstructions,thedrughasnosideeffects.(to)washvisitingdrinkexpectedtohelptaken7．Weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhile

(use)itssupplyofnaturalresources.8．Themanwasnoticed

(enter)theclassroom.9．IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishsothatIhavenodifficulty

.(communicate)withforeigners.10．Knowinghistrouble,Ihadnothingtodobut

(inspire)himtocontinuehiswork.usingtoentercommunicatinginspire

维度2语法与写作（每空5分，共20分）1．我告诉他坐下来等一会儿。Itoldhim

．2．他们说这场会议非常重要，我们一定不能迟到。Theysaid

andthatwemustn'tbelate.3．木头燃烧时产生很多烟。Woodgivesoffmuchsmoke

．4．他被迫等了一个多小时。Hewasmade

．tositdownand(to)waitforamoment(that)themeetingwasveryimportantwhile(itis)burningtowaitforoveranhour

维度3将下列句子改成省略句（每空3.5分，共17.5分）1．ThewintersinHangzhouarenotsomildastheyareinGuangzhou.→ThewintersinHangzhouarenotsomild

.2．Ifitisproperlytreated,wastewilldonoharmtotheenvironment.→If

，

wastewilldonoharmtotheenvironment.asinGuangzhouproperlytreated3．Ifitispossible,thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.→

，

thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.4．Whethersheissickorwell,sheisalwayscheerful.→

，

sheisalwayscheerful.5．Thebookthatheborrowedyesterdayiswellworthreading.→

yesterdayiswellworthreading.IfpossibleWhethersickorwellThebookheborrowed

维度4语法填空（每空1.5分，共15分）Morethan2，000tourismexhibitorsfromhomeandabroadgatheredatthe2ndChina(Wuhan)CultureandTourismExpo,1.

openedinWuhanonSaturdaythisApril,thecapitalofcentralChina'sHubeiProvince.SomeChineseleaders2.

(attend)theopeningceremony.Oftensupportedbythenationalandlocalgovernment,theexhibition3.

(hold)inWuhaneveryotheryear.whichattendedisheldThethree-dayeventwasaimed4.

(show)newtechnologiesandproductsinfieldsofcultureandtourismtopromotetourismconsumptionandinspiretherecoveryand5.

(develop)ofChina'scultureandtourismindustry.Itattractedfamousauthoritiesfrommanyforeigncountries,includingFrance,GermanyandPortugal,6.

.internationaltourismorganizations.toshowdevelopmentandTheshow,7.

(cover)anexhibitionareaofabout80，000squaremeters,hascombinedvarioustechnological8.

(element)likeVRintelligentclothingandroboticmusicperformancesintotheoverallmasterpieces,providingvisitorswithaninteractiveexperience.9.

.(actual),theongoingexhibitionalsoserves10.

aplatformforemerging（新兴的）

tourismactivitieslikerecreationalvehicle(RV)travel,camping,fishingandskiing.ItisbringingmoreofChina'secologicaltechnologyandcharacteristicculturetotheworld.coveringelementsActuallyasⅠ.阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分）

体裁：记叙文主题语境：坚定追逐梦想

难度：★★★☆☆[2024·辽宁省重点中学协作校]Afterreflectingonthepastfewyearsofmytransitiontothetriathlon（铁人三项），

IammostproudofthegainsIhavemadeinswimming.Actually,thisismyweakestoneofthethree,butIhaveworkedatit,stuckwithitandammotivatedbysmallsuccesses.MyheartstilljumpswhenIrememberthatnightsixmonthsagowhenIswam2，100mforthefirsttime.Iwasplanningtoswim1，800mandcouldnotbelievemyeyeswhenIsaw2，100monmywatch.Atthatpoint,IrealizedthatIhadtheendurance,andspeedneededtobecomemyfocus.Lastyear,afterparticipatinginmyfirsttriathlon,Iincreasedmytimeinthepoolto4or5timesaweek.Iswamonceaweekinamasterswimclub.Impressedbythepowerandspeedofotherswimmersaroundme,IfoundmyspotinLane1,theslowlane,toworkondifferentstrokes（游泳姿势）

andspeed.ThiswasgreatbecauseIbecamemorecomfortablewithpooltoys,workeddifferentmusclegroupsotherthanthoseusedinfreestyle,andIrealizedthatIwasnotalwaysslow.Thereisnothingbetterthanabitofindividualattentiontohelpimprove.Duringthesummer,Ihad4classeswithaswimcoachtoworkonmytechniqueaswebothknewthatIhadtoimprovethatbeforeIcouldgetfasterinthewater.Wechangedmycatch,correctedmypullandstrengthenedmykick.ThecombinationofthesehasmadeahugedifferenceinhowIswim.Thereisstillquiteabitofworkaheadofme.IhavenodoubtthatIwillcontinuetogrowasaswimmer.Withgoalsbeingsetandnewdreamstochase（追逐），

pooltimeisabouttogetalotmoreinteresting.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过不断的练习和技术改进，逐渐提高了自己的游泳速度。设定目标并坚定追逐梦想的人，都会终有所得。1．Whydidtheauthorstillrememberthefeelingafterfinishing2，100msixmonthsago？(

)A．Shemadeabreakthroughinswimming.B．Herwatchwasoutoforderinthewater.C．Shewassatisfiedwithherswimmingspeed.D．Shewasfrightenedtoswimsuchalongdistance.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“MyheartstilljumpswhenIrememberthatnightsixmonthsagowhenIswam2，100mforthefirsttime.Iwasplanningtoswim1，800mandcouldnotbelievemyeyeswhenIsaw2，100monmywatch.”可知，作者仍然记得当时的感觉，是由于当时作者本打算游1800米，但游了2100米，在游泳方面取得了突破。故选A。2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor？(

)A．Strong-mindedandhumorous.B．Determinedandmotivated.C．Diligentandeasygoing.D．Aggressiveandstubborn.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Actually,thisismyweakestoneofthethree,butIhaveworkedatit,stuckwithitandammotivatedbysmallsuccesses.”以及最后一段中“Thereisstillquiteabitofworkaheadofme.IhavenodoubtthatIwillcontinuetogrowasaswimmer.”可知，作者可以坚持做自己想做的事情，是有决心的，并对未来充满热情，是有动力的。故选B。3．Wheredoesthepleasureofpooltimelieaccordingtotheauthor？(

)A．Fillingtheschedulewithenoughtraining.B．Settingagoalandworkingtowardsit.C．Sharpeningskillstobeatothersinmatches.D．Competingwithothersandgettingachievements.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Withgoalsbeingsetandnewdreamstochase（追逐），

pooltimeisabouttogetalotmoreinteresting.”可推知，泳池时间的乐趣在于设定目标并朝着目标努力。故选B。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？(

)A．It'snevertoolatetolearn.B．Allthatendswelliswell.C．Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.D．Actionspeakslouderthanwords.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段、第三段中“Lastyear,afterparticipatinginmyfirsttriathlon,Iincreasedmytimeinthepoolto4or5timesaweek.Iswamonceaweekinamasterswimclub.”、第四段中“Duringthesummer,Ihad4classeswithaswimcoachtoworkonmytechniqueaswebothknewthatIhadtoimprovethatbeforeIcouldgetfasterinthewater.”以及最后一段中“Thereisstillquiteabitofworkaheadofme.IhavenodoubtthatIwillcontinuetogrowasaswimmer.”可知，作者通过不断练习和改进，制定目标并努力实现目标，最终提高了自己的游泳技能，所以从这篇文章中，我们可以学到的是有志者事竟成。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）体裁：

说明文主题语境：装饰卧室策略

难度：★★★☆☆[2024·湖北省咸宁市高一下期末]RefreshyourbedroomWhetheryouwouldliketochangethethemeofyourbedroomorjustwanttogiveitanupdatedlook,youdon'tneedabigbudgettomakeithappen.1(

).Here'showyoucangetstarted.ClearoutthemessBeforeyoustartfresheningupyourspace,takealookaroundtoseewhatyouhavethatyoucouldgiveawaytosomeonewhocoulduseit.Askanadultfortwobagsorboxes,oneforitemsyouwanttodonateandoneforanythingthatcangodirectlyinthetrash.2(

).ThinkaboutlightOnesimpleroomupdatethathasabigimpactisturningupyourlighting.OneideaistohanginexpensiveLEDstringlightsonawall.3(

).Movingotherlightingdevicesfromanotherpartofthehousetoyourroom,withpermissionfromanadult,canalsoaddsoftlightingtoyourspace.4(

)Anotherinexpensivechangethatcanhavebigresultsispaint.Askanadultifthey'rewillingtohelpyoupaintanaccentwallinyourroom.Anaccentwallisagoodchancetotakeariskwithcolorsinceit'sonlyonewall.Youcanchoosetopaintthewallbehindyourheadboardorevenaclosetdoor.Ifyoudon'twanttopaint,youcouldcheckoutwallpaperwhosecolorsmatchesyourroom.Addpersonaltouches5(

).Youcanaskaparentforanysparepictureframes（框架）

orpicksomeuptogetheratathriftshoporcraftstore.Printoutphotosandframethemfordisplay.Youcouldalsoframeyourownartworktohangonawallorleanitagainstadresser.A．Considerco