云南省文山市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1云南省文山市某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATheNobelPrizesfor2024havehonoredgroundbreakingdiscoveriesandachievementsthathavesignificantlybenefitedhumankindinvariousways.Thesewinnershavemaderemarkablecontributionstotheirrespectivefields,pushingtheboundariesofhumanknowledgeandunderstanding.NobelPrizeinPhysicsTheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysicstoJohnHopfieldandGeoffreyHinton.Theyemployedphysicstoolstodevelopmethodsthatpavedthewayforadvancedmachinelearning.Hopfieldcreatedastructurecapableofstoringandreconstructinginformation,whileHintoninventedamethodthatindependentlyidentifiesdataproperties,crucialformodernartificialneuralnetworks.NobelPrizeinChemistryInChemistry,thefocuswasonproteins,vitalforlife.DavidBakerachievedtheseeminglyimpossiblebycraftingentirelynewproteintypes.DemisHassabisandJohnJumpertackleda50-year-oldchallengewiththeirAlmodelthatpredictscomplexproteinstructures,holdingimmensepotential.NobelPrizeinLiteratureHanKang,aSouthKoreanauthor,wontheNobelPrizeinLiteratureforherintensepoeticprose(散文)addressinghistoricalmentalscarsandexposinghumanlife’sweakness.Heruniqueawarenessofbody-soulconnectionsandherinnovativestylehavemadeheracontemporaryprosepioneer.NobelPeacePrizeThe2024NobelPeacePrizewasawardedtoNihonHidankyo,agrassrootsJapaneseorganizationofatomicbombsurvivors.Thisisquitedifferentfromotherawardsgiventoindividuals.Itwontheprizeforitseffortstoachieveaworldfreeofnuclearweapons.TheorganizationwasformedbysurvivorsoftheatomicbombsdroppedonHiroshima(广岛)andNagasaki(长崎)in1945.1.Whosecontributionisvitalforartificialneuralconnections?A.GeoffreyHinton. B.DemisHassabis.C.HanKang. D.JohnHopfield.2.Whatassistedscientistsinsolvingahalf-century-oldproblem?A.Craftingnewproteintypes. B.Advancedmachinelearning.C.AImodel. D.Analyzingdataproperties.3.Whichprizewasawardedtoagroup?A.NobelPrizeinPhysics. B.NobelPrizeinChemistry.C.NobelPrizeinLiterature. D.NobelPeacePrize.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了各个领域的诺贝尔奖获得者及成就。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据NobelPrizeinPhysics中的“whileHintoninventedamethodthatindependentlyidentifiesdataproperties,crucialformodernartificialneuralnetworks.(而辛顿发明了一种独立识别数据属性的方法，这对现代人工神经网络至关重要。)”可知，GeoffreyHinton的贡献对人工神经连接至关重要。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据NobelPrizeinChemistry中的介绍“DemisHassabisandJohnJumpertackleda50-year-oldchallengewiththeirAlmodelthatpredictscomplexproteinstructures,holdingimmensepotential.(DemisHassabis和JohnJumper用他们的人工智能模型解决了一个50年来的挑战，该模型可以预测复杂的蛋白质结构，具有巨大的潜力。)”可知，人工智能模型帮助科学家解决了半个世纪的难题。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据NobelPeacePrize中的介绍“The2024NobelPeacePrizewasawardedtoNihonHidankyo,agrassrootsJapaneseorganizationofatomicbombsurvivors.(2024年诺贝尔和平奖授予了日本原子弹幸存者草根组织“日本Hidankyo”)”以及“Thisisquitedifferentfromotherawardsgiventoindividuals.Itwontheprizeforitseffortstoachieveaworldfreeofnuclearweapons.(这与其他授予个人的奖项有很大的不同。它因努力实现无核武器世界而获奖。)”可知，诺贝尔和平奖被授予了一个团体。故选D。BArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.Atjust14yearsold,HemanBekeleemergedasthevictorofthe2023YoungScientistChallenge,standingoutamongthetenfinalistswithhisinnovativecreationknownastheSkinCancerTreatingSoap(SCTS).Bekele’sbrilliantconceptcentersonthedevelopmentofasoapthatisnotonlyaffordable,butalsohasthepotentialtoreactivatethebody’snaturaldefendersoftheskintostopskincancer.InBekele’sownwords,“Curingcancer,onebarofsoapatatime.”Healwayshasendlesspassionforbiologyandtechnology,andtheYoungScientistChallengejustprovidedhimwiththeperfectplatformtodisplayhisideas.Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.“Iwantedtomakemyideanotonlyscientificallyexceptionalbutalsoaccessibletoabroadaudience,”Bekeleexpressedduringaninterviewwiththemedia.HereceivedinvaluableguidancefromDeborahIsabelle,aproductengineeringspecialist,whoconnectedhimwithotherscientiststoaidhiminreachinghisambitiousplans.Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.4.WhatmadeBekeleaninstanthit?A.Startingasoapfashion. B.Overcomingskincancer.C.Beingtheyoungestscientist. D.Creatingasoapagainstskincancer.5.WhatinspiredBekeletoinventSCTS?A.Hisconcernforothers. B.Hisadventureinchildhood.C.Hisenthusiasmfortechnology. D.Hisinterestinmedicalknowledge.6.WhatwillBekeledointhenearfuture?A.Obtainofficialapproval. B.Visitundevelopedareas.C.Increasetheavailabilityofthesoap. D.Updatethefacilitiesofproduction.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBekele?A.Inspiringandmodest. B.Humorousandpositive.C.Creativeandconsiderate. D.Curiousandindependent.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家HemanBekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”可知，HemanBekele发明了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“

Reflectingonhisinspiration,Bekelesharedthathischildhoodplayedasignificantroleinshapinghisinnovativethinking.Havingwitnessedpeopleworktirelesslyunderthesun,hecouldn’thelpbutwonderhowmanywereawareoftherisksassociatedwithconstantsunexposure.(在反思他的灵感时，Bekele分享了他的童年在塑造他的创新思维方面发挥了重要作用。目睹人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险)”可知，Bekele对别人的关心激发了他发明SCTS。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Duringhispresentation,Bekelepassionatelyexpressedhisvisionofturningthesoapinto“asymbolofhope,accessibility,andaworldwhereskincancertreatmentiswithinreachforall.”(在他的演讲中，Bekele热情地表达了他的愿景，即把这种肥皂变成“希望、可及性的象征，以及一个人人都能接受皮肤癌治疗的世界。”)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，Bekele希望建立一个非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案，即增加肥皂的可获得性。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ArisingstarfromVirginiahassecuredthetitleof“America’sTopYoungScientist”forhisgroundbreakingcreation—abarofsoapdesignedtobattleagainstskincancer.

(美国维吉尼亚州一颗冉冉升起的新星获得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号，因为他的开创性发明——一种可以对抗皮肤癌的肥皂)”以及最后一段“Overthecomingfiveyears,Bekelelongstoperfecthisinventionandestablishanonprofitorganizationdevotedtodistributinghisinnovativecreationtomoreplacesincludingundevelopedcommunities,offeringhopeandapracticalsolutioninthefightagainstskincancer.(在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于将他的创新发明分发到更多的地方，包括不发达的社区，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和实用的解决方案)”可知，文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家HemanBekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。未来五年里，Bekele希望完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，将这种创新产品分发到更多地方，包括欠发达社区，为对抗皮肤癌提供希望和实际解决方案。由此推知，他一个有创造力和体贴的人。故选C。CAgroupoffarmersinNigeriaareusinganewmethodtogrowcropsfrommoisture(水汽)intheair.Themethod,knownasaeroponics,doesnotusesoil.Instead,plantrootshangintheairandtakeinnutrientsfromwatermist.Themethodcouldmakeabigdifferenceinplaceswherehugeamountsoflandhavebeenmadeunfarmable.BiochemistSamsonOgboleispopularlyknownasNigeria’ssmartfarmer.Heandhisteamaregrowingcropswithoutsoilatthetechnology-basedfarmtheystartedthreeyearsagoinAbeokuta.OgbolesaystheyareworkinghardtoendtheseasonalfoodshortageinNigeria.“Itisjustfarminganytimeduringtheyear,meaningwecanplantcropsanytimeduringtheyear,andwecanharvestanytimeduringtheyear.”Butsettinguptheaeroponicsfarmwasnoteasy.Itrequiredmorethan$180,000.AndsomepeopleinAbeokutawereverymuchagainstthisnontraditionalmethodoffarming.Ittookalotofefforttochangepeople’smindsaboutit.Infact,inNigeria,about30millionhectaresoffarmlandisbeingused,insteadofthe78.5millionhectaresrequiredforfoodsecurity.Inthenorth,only49percentofthelandisfertile,asituationthatworriestraditionalfarmers.Aeroponics,however,doesnotrequiretraditionalfarmworkormuchland.Nutrientsfortheplantsarecontrolledbyarecyclingsystem,greatlyincreasingproductivity.Dr.PhillipOjo,Director-GeneraloftheNationalAgriculturalSeedsCouncil,saysthegovernmentwelcomesthenewfarmingmethod.Ojonotesthatwithaeroponics,farmerscanquicklyincreaseplantingmaterials.Theagriculturalindustryrepresentsabout40percentofNigeria’seconomy.Thegovernmentwantstogreatlyexpandthispercentage.Fornow,mostfarmerslackthetechnicalknowledgetoincreaseproductivity.Theyalsoneedaccesstohigh-qualityseedstoguarantee(保证)betterharvests.TechnologicallyskilledfarmerslikeSamsonOgboleareofferinganewwayforward.8.Whatdoweknowaboutaeroponics?A.Ithelpscropsdrawnutrientsfromthesoil. B.Itistheprocessofgrowingplantsinwater.C.Itisnotaffectedbytheseasons. D.Itisaimedatbringingbackfarmland.9.Whatdoes“asituation”inparagraph3referto?A.Theoveruseofthefarmland. B.Thepoorconditionofthesoil.C.Thetraditionalmethodoffarming. D.Thehighcostoftheaeroponicsfarm.10.WhatisDr.PhillipOjo’sattitudetoaeroponics?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Unbearable.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Nigeria’sagriculturalindustry. B.AnewplantingmodeinNigeria.C.Thepopularityoftheaeroponicsfarm. D.TheneedofskilledfarmersinNigeria.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了尼日利亚农民采用气培法种植作物的情况，包括该方法的原理、优势以及在推广过程中面临的成本高、民众接受度低等挑战。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据原文第二段““Itisjustfarminganytimeduringtheyear,meaningwecanplantcropsanytimeduringtheyear,andwecanharvestanytimeduringtheyear.”(“这实现了一年中的任何时候都能耕种，意味着我们可以在一年中的任何时候种植作物，也能在任何时候收获。”)”可知，气培法（aeroponics）不受季节限制，可随时种植和收获。故选C。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据原文第三段“Inthenorth,only49percentofthelandisfertile,asituationthatworriestraditionalfarmers.(在尼日利亚北部，仅有49%的土地是肥沃的，这一情况让传统农民感到担忧。)”可知,“asituation”指代前文提到的“仅有49%的土地肥沃”这一土壤条件差的情况。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据原文第四段“Dr.PhillipOjo,Director-GeneraloftheNationalAgriculturalSeedsCouncil,saysthegovernmentwelcomesthenewfarmingmethod.Ojonotesthatwithaeroponics,farmerscanquicklyincreaseplantingmaterials.(国家农业种子委员会总干事菲利普・奥乔博士表示，政府对这种新的耕作方法持欢迎态度。奥乔指出，有了气培技术，农民可以迅速增加种植材料。)”可知，奥乔博士作为官方代表，其态度与政府一致，对气培法持支持态度。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合原文第一段“AgroupoffarmersinNigeriaareusinganewmethodtogrowcropsfrommoistureintheair.(尼日利亚的一群农民正在使用一种新方法，利用空气中的水汽种植作物。)”可知，文章介绍尼日利亚农民使用气培法种植作物，后续围绕该方法的原理、推广困难、政府态度及对尼日利亚农业的意义展开。可知，文章核心是介绍尼日利亚的一种新型种植模式。故选B。DTheideathattoomuchscreentimeanddigitaldependencemightharmourcognitiveabilities—oftencalled“digitaldementia(痴呆)”—hasbeendebatedsincepsychiatristManfredSpitzercoinedthetermin2012.Criticsarguethatoutsourcingmemory(likerelyingonsmartphonesforcontactdetails)andpassivemediaconsumption,suchasendlessscrolling,couldweakenmentalsharpness.Butisthisreallytrue,especiallyforolderadultswhohavewitnessedthedigitalrevolutionfirsthand?Amajor2024studypublishedinNatureHumanBehaviouranalyzeddatafromover411,000adultsaged50andabove.Surprisingly,itfoundthatregularuseofcomputers,smartphones,andtheInternetwasassociatedwitha58%lowerriskofcognitivedecline—astrongerprotectiveeffectthanevenphysicalexerciseormaintaininghealthybloodpressure.Thisdoesn’tmeantechnologydirectlypreventsdementia,butitsuggeststhatstayingdigitallyengagedmayhelpkeepthebrainactive.Learningnewapps,resolvingtechissues,andevenonlinesocializingcouldfunctionlikementalworkouts,strengtheningcognitiveresilience(恢复力).Infact,technologyaidsinsteadofharmingbecauseitoffersmentalstimulation,enhancessocialconnection,andboostsindependenceviaproblem-solving.’Whilethisstudyisarelief,notalltechuseisequalinitseffects.Passiveactivities,likebingewatchingTV,maynotofferthesamebenefitsasinteractivetasks,suchasvideocallsoronlinelearning.Additionally,toomuchscreentimeinyoungerpeoplehasbeenlinkedtoattentionproblemsandpoorsleep—whichcouldhavelong-termeffects.AsAIandbrain-computerinterfacesadvance,olderadultsmaygainevenmoretoolstosupportcognition,frommemoryaidstovirtualsocialcompanions.However,balanceremainskey.Thebestapproach?Usetechnologyactively—learn,connect,andproblem-solve—ratherthanjustconsume.Fornow,olderadultsshouldn’tfear“digitaldementia.”Instead,thoughtfultechusemightbeoneofthebestwaystokeeptheirmindssharpinthedigitalage.12.Whatdoesthe2024studyrevealabout“digitaldementia”comparedwiththepopularidea?A.Itdrawsacontraryconclusion. B.ItagreeswithManfredSpitzer’theory.C.Itonlyoccursinolderadults. D.Itequalstheeffectofphysicalworkouts.13.Whycanactivedigitalusereducetheriskofcognitivedecline?A.Itcanprolongourlife. B.Itcanactivateourbrain.C.Itcansolvetrickyissues. D.Itcanenhanceourability.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Reliabilityofthenewstudy. B.Negativeeffectsontheyoung.C.Downsidesofpassivetechuse. D.Contrastbetweentwotechuses.15.Whatdoestheauthorsuggesttheelderlydointhelasttwoparagraphs?A.Relievetheirfearquickly. B.Getmoretoolstosharpencognition.C.Consumetechnologysimply. D.Makeconsidereduseofmoderntech.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨“数字痴呆症”说法，研究表明老年人合理使用数字技术有益认知。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theideathattoomuchscreentimeanddigitaldependencemightharmourcognitiveabilities—oftencalled“digitaldementia(痴呆)”—hasbeendebatedsincepsychiatristManfredSpitzercoinedthetermin2012.(自精神病学家曼弗雷德·斯皮策2012年提出“数字痴呆症”这一术语以来，关于过多的屏幕时间和数字依赖可能损害我们认知能力的观点就一直存在争议。)”以及第二段中的“Amajor2024studypublishedinNatureHumanBehaviouranalyzeddatafromover411,000adultsaged50andabove.Surprisingly,itfoundthatregularuseofcomputers,smartphones,andtheInternetwasassociatedwitha58%lowerriskofcognitivedecline—astrongerprotectiveeffectthanevenphysicalexerciseormaintaininghealthybloodpressure.(2024年发表在《自然·人类行为》上的一项重大研究分析了41.1万多名50岁及以上成年人的数据。令人惊讶的是，研究发现，经常使用电脑、智能手机和互联网与认知能力下降风险降低58%相关——这种保护作用甚至比体育锻炼或保持健康血压更强。)”可知，2024年的研究与普遍认为的“数字痴呆症”观点结论相反。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thisdoesn’tmeantechnologydirectlypreventsdementia,butitsuggeststhatstayingdigitallyengagedmayhelpkeepthebrainactive.Learningnewapps,resolvingtechissues,andevenonlinesocializingcouldfunctionlikementalworkouts,strengtheningcognitiveresilience(恢复力).(这并不意味着技术能直接预防痴呆症，但它表明，保持数字参与可能有助于保持大脑活跃。学习新应用程序、解决技术问题，甚至在线社交都可以像脑力锻炼一样，增强认知恢复力。)”可知，积极使用数字技术能降低认知能力下降风险是因为它能激活我们的大脑。故选B项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“Whilethisstudyisarelief,notalltechuseisequalinitseffects.Passiveactivities,likebingewatchingTV,maynotofferthesamebenefitsasinteractivetasks,suchasvideocallsoronlinelearning.(虽然这项研究让人松了一口气，但并非所有的技术使用都有相同的效果。被动活动，比如疯狂看电视，可能不会提供与互动任务相同的好处，如视频通话或在线学习。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是被动使用技术的缺点。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“However,balanceremainskey.Thebestapproach?Usetechnologyactively—learn,connect,andproblem-solve—ratherthanjustconsume.(然而，平衡仍然是关键。最好的方法是什么？积极使用技术——学习、联系和解决问题——而不仅仅是消费。)”以及最后一段中的“Fornow,olderadultsshouldn’tfear“digitaldementia.”Instead,thoughtfultechusemightbeoneofthebestwaystokeeptheirmindssharpinthedigitalage.(目前，老年人不应该害怕“数字痴呆症”。相反，在数字时代，深思熟虑地使用技术可能是保持思维敏锐的最佳方式之一。)”可知，作者建议老年人合理使用现代技术。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formakingcontactandcommunicatingwithaperson,effectiveeyecontactisessentialtooureverydayinteractionwithpeople,andalsotothosewhowanttobeeffectivecommunicatorsinpublicplaces.____16____.GenerallyinWesternsocietiesandmanyothercultures,eyecontactwithapersonisexpectedtoberegularbutnotoverlypersistent.____17____,causingthepersonwho’stheobjectofaperson’sstaretofeeloverlystudiedanduncomfortable.____18____.TheNewZealandMedicalJournalreportedthatonereasonsomanyyoungchildrenfallvictimtoattacksbypetdogsistheiroverly-lastingeyecontactwithpets,whichcausesthemtofeelthreatenedanddefensive.Overlylastingeyecontactisalsoasignofaperson’sover-awarenessofthemessagestheyaregiving.Inthecaseofpeoplewhotrytolietosomeone,theymaymaintaintheireyecontactsothattheirlieswouldnotbenoticed.____19____.Butonthecontrary,evasive(逃避的)eyecontactisasignofdiscomfort.Whydoweavoidlookingataperson?Itmaybebecausewefeelashamedtobelookingatthemifwe’rebeingdishonestoftryingtotakethemin.Evasiveeyecontactmayalsoasignofdishonesty.However,Scotland’sUniversityofStirlingfoundthat,inaquestion-and-answerstudyamongchildren,thosewhomaintainedeyecontactwerelesslikelytocomeupwiththecorrectanswertoaquestionthanthosewholookedawaytoconsidertheirresponse.____20____,whenthisenergycouldbespentondeepthinking.A.ThisisawidelyrecognizedindicatoroflyingB.ConstanteyecontactisoftenconsideredtoberudeC.Eyecontactistheactoflookingintosomeone’seyesD.Butthere’ssomethingyoumaynotknowabouteyecontactE.OverpoweringeyecontactcanmaketheotherpersonexcitedF.Evenbetweenhumansandnon-humans,lastingeyecontactissometimesunadvisableG.Eyecontact,asasocializingdevice,cantakeasurprisingamountofefforttomaintain【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.A20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于眼神交流的知识。【16题详析】上文“Formakingcontactandcommunicatingwithaperson,effectiveeyecontactisessentialtooureverydayinteractionwithpeople,andalsotothosewhowanttobeeffectivecommunicatorsinpublicplaces.(为了与人进行接触和沟通，有效的眼神交流对于我们日常与人互动至关重要，对于那些想在公共场所成为有效沟通者的人来说也是如此。)”说明有效的眼神交流对于我们日常与人互动至关重要，选项D“但是关于眼神交流，有些事你可能不知道”承接上文，转折语义，引起主题，介绍关于眼神交流的知识。故选D项。【17题详析】上文“GenerallyinWesternsocietiesandmanyothercultures,eyecontactwithapersonisexpectedtoberegularbutnotoverlypersistent.(一般来说，在西方社会和许多其他文化中，与人的眼神交流是有规律的，但不要过于持久。)”说明与人的眼神交流不要过于持久，选项B“持续的眼神接触通常被认为是粗鲁的”承接上文，说明持续眼神交流是不可取的，引出下文“causingthepersonwho’stheobjectofaperson’sstaretofeeloverlystudiedanduncomfortable(让被别人盯着看的人感到被过度审查和不舒服)”和上文存在因果关系。故选B项。【18题详析】下文“TheNewZealandMedicalJournalreportedthatonereasonsomanyyoungchildrenfallvictimtoattacksbypetdogsistheiroverly-lastingeyecontactwithpets,whichcausesthemtofeelthreatenedanddefensive.(《新西兰医学杂志》报道称，许多幼儿成为宠物狗攻击的受害者的一个原因是他们与宠物的目光接触时间过长，这使他们感到受到威胁和防御。)”说明和宠物狗目光接触时间过长都是有危险的，选项F“即使在人类和非人类之间，持续的目光接触有时也是不可取的”概括引领下文，说明和非人类之间目光持续过长也是不可取的。故选F项。【19题详析】上文“Inthecaseofpeoplewhotrytolietosomeone,theymaymaintaintheireyecontactsothattheirlieswouldnotbenoticed.(在试图对某人撒谎的情况下，他们可能会保持目光接触，这样他们的谎言就不会被发现。)”说明有些撒谎的人可能会保持目光接触，免得被发现，选项A“这是一个被广泛认可的说谎指标”总结上文，说明这是个说谎指标。故选A项。【20题详析】上文“However,Scotland’sUniversityofStirlingfoundthat,inaquestion-and-answerstudyamongchildren,thosewhomaintainedeyecontactwerelesslikelytocomeupwiththecorrectanswertoaquestionthanthosewholookedawaytoconsidertheirresponse.(然而，苏格兰斯特灵大学在一项针对儿童的问答研究中发现，那些保持目光接触的孩子比那些不看别人的孩子更不可能给出正确的答案。)”说明保持目光接触的孩子比那些不看别人的孩子更不可能给出正确的答案，选项G“目光接触作为一种社交手段，可能需要付出惊人的努力才能保持”解释上文，引出下文“whenthisenergycouldbespentondeepthinking(当这些精力可以花在深入思考的时候)”，说明当深入思考时，就没有足够的精力去进行目光接触。故选G项。第三部分完形填空：(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis____21____processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy____22____atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语).Ineverfeltanurgeto____23____anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy____24____forASL.Duringmyfirstweekatcollege,IwatchedastheASLClub____25____theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery____26____ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking____27____me.Thisnewnessbroughtmyanxietyforknowledgeandleftme____28____more.Afterthat,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLClub’smeetings.I____29____learnedhowtosignthealphabetthatday.Yetinsteadofbeingashamedofmy____30____progress,Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointtoattendthose____31____andlearnallIcould.Thefollowingterm,I____32____anASLclass.Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalkingwas____33____.Itriedtoadjustmyselftothisnewteachingstyle.Ultimately,Irealizedthatiftherehadbeenanytalking,itwouldhave____34____ustolearnless.Now,Iappreciatethesilenceandthe____35____wayofcommunicationitopens.21.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal22.A.progress B.experience C.major D.opinion23.A.choose B.read C.learn D.demonstrate24.A.love B.concern C.goal D.request25.A.recorded B.performed C.recited D.discussed26.A.idea B.amount C.dream D.reason27.A.bothered B.supported C.embarrassed D.attracted28.A.showing B.acting C.interacting D.wanting29.A.nearly B.even C.merely D.still30.A.slow B.steady C.normal D.obvious31.A.games B.programs C.lectures D.meetings32.A.missed B.passed C.calledon D.registeredfor33.A.prohibited B.welcomed C.ignored D.repeated34.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected35.A.easy B.popular C.varied D.new【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.B26.A27.D28.D29.C30.A31.D32.D33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在大学发现并爱上美式手语的经历。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我自己就经历了这样一段探索过程，并且找到了一件让我的大学经历变得更美好的事物：我发现了美式手语。A.searching搜索的，探索的；B.planning计划的；C.natural自然的；D.formal正式的。根据上文“Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.”可知，此处指作者经历了探索的过程。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己就经历了这样一段探索过程，并且找到了一件让我的大学经历变得更美好的事物：我发现了美式手语。A.progress进步；B.experience经历；C.major专业；D.opinion观点。根据上文“Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.”可知，此处指作者在大学的经历。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：以前，我从没有过学习任何手语的冲动。A.choose选择；B.read阅读；C.learn学习；D.demonstrate证明。根据后文“Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.”可知，因为家人和朋友都能听到，所以作者以前没有学习过手语。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一点也不知道我会发现我对美式手语的热爱。A.love热爱；B.concern关心；C.goal目标；D.request请求。根据后文作者对手语俱乐部的描述以及“Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointtoattendthose________andlearnallIcould.”可知，作者对手语产生了热爱。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学第一周，我看到美式手语俱乐部的成员们表演了一首歌曲的手语翻译。A.recorded记录；B.performed表演；C.recited背诵；D.discussed讨论。根据后文“theirtranslationofasong”可知，此处指手语俱乐部表演了一首歌的翻译。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是手部的动作，还是这种不通过说话就能交流的理念，都深深吸引了我。A.idea想法；B.amount数量；C.dream梦想；D.reason原因。根据后文“ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking”可知，此处指不用说话交流的想法。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论是手部的动作，还是这种不通过说话就能交流的理念，都深深吸引了我。A.bothered打扰；B.supported支持；C.embarrassed使尴尬；D.attracted吸引。根据后文“Thisnewnessbroughtmyanxietyforknowledgeandleftme________more.”可知，手语吸引了作者。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种新鲜感激发了我求知的渴望，让我想要了解更多。A.showing展示；B.acting行动；C.interacting互动；D.wanting想要。根据上文“Thisnewnessbroughtmyanxietyforknowledge”可知，新鲜感让作者想要了解更多关于手语的知识。故选D。【29题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天我只学会了如何用手语表达字母表。A.nearly几乎；B.even甚至；C.merely仅仅，只不过；D.still仍然。根据后文“learnedhowtosignthealphabetthatday”可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语表示字母表。故选C。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我并没有为自己缓慢的进步感到羞愧，反而很兴奋。A.slow缓慢的；B.steady稳定的；C.normal正常的；D.obvious明显的。根据上文“learnedhowtosignthealphabetthatday”以及后文“Iwasexcited”可知，作者只是学会了如何用手语表示字母表，所以进步缓慢，但是作者很兴奋。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我下定决心要参加那些会议，尽我所能地学习。A.games游戏；B.programs项目；C.lectures讲座；D.meetings会议。根据上文“Afterthat,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLClub’smeetings.”可知，此处指参加手语俱乐部的会议。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的学期，我报名参加了一门美式手语课程。A.missed错过；B.passed通过；C.calledon号召；D.registeredfor注册。根据后文“anASLclass”可知，作者注册了一门手语课。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：授课教授是听障人士，课堂上严禁说话。A.prohibited禁止；B.welcomed欢迎；C.ignored忽视；D.repeated重复。根据上文“Theprofessorwasdeaf”可知，教授是聋的，所以任何谈话都是被禁止的。故选A。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终我意识到，如果课堂上允许说话，反而会导致我们学到的东西更少。A.required要求；B.caused造成；C.allowed允许；D.expected期待。根据上文“Irealizedthatiftherehadbeenanytalking”以及后文“ustolearnless”可知，上课时候不安静会导致我们学到的手语更少。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我十分欣赏这种安静的氛围，也珍惜它所开启的全新交流方式。A.easy容易的；B.popular受欢迎的；C.varied多样的；D.new新的。根据上文“Ithenmadeitapointtoattendthose________andlearnallIcould.”以及“Now,Iappreciatethesilence”可知，作者欣赏这种沉默和它开启的新的交流方式。故选D。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AfricanstudentswhoparticipatedinaChineseagriculturaldevelopmentprogramhavereturnedtotheirhomecountries,aimingtouse___36___they’velearnedtohelplocalfarmersincreasegrainyields.IntheScienceandTechnologyBackyardprogram,which___37___(launch)in2009atChinaAgriculturalUniversityinBeijing,studentsconductedresearchinexperimentalfieldsinruralareaswhileusingtheir___38___(acquire)knowledgetohelpChinesefarmers.Phiri,onestudentfromMalawiinAfrica,expectedhopefully,“WearewellonourwaytoestablishingsuccessfulSTBs,___39___purposeistoempowerthefarmer