大学基础翻译真题及答案

大学基础翻译真题及答案

一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Theword"serendipity"ismostcloselyrelatedto:A.MisfortuneB.CoincidenceC.InjusticeD.WisdomAnswer:B2.Inthesentence"Sheisabeaconofhope,"theword"beacon"means:A.LighthouseB.GuideC.DangerD.LightAnswer:B3.Thephrase"tokilltwobirdswithonestone"implies:A.TobeinefficientB.ToachievetwogoalswithoneactionC.TobeharmfulD.TobelazyAnswer:B4.Theidiom"tohitthenailonthehead"means:A.TomissthetargetB.TobeaccurateC.TobeangryD.TobelateAnswer:B5.Theword"ubiquitous"bestdescribessomethingthat:A.IsrareB.IseverywhereC.IsexpensiveD.IsoldAnswer:B6.Theterm"myriad"refersto:A.AfewB.AlargenumberC.AsingleD.AsmallnumberAnswer:B7.Theword"ephemeral"means:A.PermanentB.FleetingC.ExpensiveD.RareAnswer:B8.Thephrase"tobreaktheice"means:A.TostartaconversationB.TocausedamageC.TobecoldD.TobeshyAnswer:A9.Theidiom"tohittheroad"means:A.TostartajourneyB.TostopworkingC.TobetiredD.TobelazyAnswer:A10.Theword"pivotal"bestdescribessomethingthat:A.IsunimportantB.IscentraltoaplanorsituationC.IsdifficultD.IsrareAnswer:B二、多项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingaresynonymsfor"blessed"?A.FortunateB.CursedC.LuckyD.UnfortunateAnswer:A,C2.Whatarethemaincomponentsofawell-structuredsentence?A.SubjectB.VerbC.ObjectD.AdjectiveAnswer:A,B,C3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoffigurativelanguage?A.MetaphorB.SimileC.HyperboleD.LiterallanguageAnswer:A,B,C4.WhataretheprimarytensesinEnglish?A.PresentB.PastC.FutureD.PerfectAnswer:A,B,C5.Whichofthefollowingarecommontransitionalwords?A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.BecauseAnswer:A,B,C,D6.WhatarethepartsofspeechinEnglish?A.NounB.VerbC.AdjectiveD.AdverbAnswer:A,B,C,D7.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofprepositions?A.InB.OnC.AtD.ToAnswer:A,B,C,D8.Whatarethemaintypesofessays?A.NarrativeB.DescriptiveC.ExpositoryD.PersuasiveAnswer:A,B,C,D9.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofliterarydevices?A.AlliterationB.OnomatopoeiaC.PersonificationD.RhymeAnswer:A,B,C,D10.Whatarethekeyelementsofagoodparagraph?A.UnityB.CoherenceC.DevelopmentD.VarietyAnswer:A,B,C三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Theword"serendipity"meansfindingsomethinggoodwithoutlookingforit.Answer:True2.Thephrase"tokilltwobirdswithonestone"meanstobeinefficient.Answer:False3.Theidiom"tohitthenailonthehead"meanstobeaccurate.Answer:True4.Theword"ubiquitous"meanssomethingisrare.Answer:False5.Theterm"myriad"referstoafew.Answer:False6.Theword"ephemeral"meanssomethingispermanent.Answer:False7.Thephrase"tobreaktheice"meanstocausedamage.Answer:False8.Theidiom"tohittheroad"meanstostartajourney.Answer:True9.Theword"pivotal"meanssomethingisunimportant.Answer:False10.Themaincomponentsofawell-structuredsentencearesubject,verb,andobject.Answer:True四、简答题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenametaphorandasimile.Answer:Ametaphorisafigureofspeechthatdirectlycomparestwounlikethingswithoutusingthewords"like"or"as."Forexample,"Sheisashiningstar."Asimile,ontheotherhand,comparestwounlikethingsusingthewords"like"or"as."Forexample,"Sheislikeashiningstar."Bothareusedtocreatevividimageryandenhancetheexpressivenessoflanguage.2.Whatarethethreemaintypesofessays?Answer:Thethreemaintypesofessaysarenarrativeessays,whichtellastory;descriptiveessays,whichdescribeaperson,place,thing,oreventindetail;andexpositoryessays,whichexplainorinformthereaderaboutatopic.Eachtypeservesadifferentpurposeandemploysdifferenttechniquestoengagethereader.3.Whatisthefunctionoftransitionalwordsinwriting?Answer:Transitionalwordsareusedtoconnectideas,sentences,andparagraphs,creatingasmoothflowofthought.Theyhelpguidethereaderfromonepointtothenext,makingthewritingmorecoherentandeasiertofollow.Examplesincludewordslike"however,""therefore,""moreover,"and"because."4.WhatarethemainpartsofspeechinEnglish?Answer:ThemainpartsofspeechinEnglisharenouns,whichnamepeople,places,things,orideas;verbs,whichexpressactionsorstatesofbeing;adjectives,whichdescribenouns;andadverbs,whichmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.Additionally,therearepronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,andinterjections,eachservingauniquefunctioninsentencestructure.五、讨论题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Discusstheimportanceofunderstandingidiomsineffectivecommunication.Answer:Understandingidiomsiscrucialforeffectivecommunicationastheyaddcolorandexpressivenesstolanguage.Idiomsoftenconveymeaningsthatcannotbeunderstoodbyliteralinterpretationalone.Forexample,saying"it'srainingcatsanddogs"clearlyindicatesheavyrain.Withoutknowingthisidiom,anon-nativespeakermightmisunderstandtheintendedmeaning.Additionally,idiomscanmakecommunicationmoreengagingandrelatable,fosteringadeeperconnectionbetweenspeakers.2.Explainhowtheuseoffigurativelanguageenhancesthequalityofwriting.Answer:Figurativelanguage,suchasmetaphors,similes,andpersonification,enhancesthequalityofwritingbycreatingvividimageryandemotionalresonance.Itallowswriterstoexpresscomplexideasinamoreaccessibleandengagingmanner.Forinstance,ametaphorlike"timeisathief"vividlyconveystheconceptoftime'srelentlesspassage.Figurativelanguagealsoaddsdepthandcreativity,makingthewritingmorememorableandimpactfulforthereader.3.Discusstheroleoftransitionalwordsinmaintainingthecoherenceofaparagraph.Answer:Transitionalwordsplayavitalroleinmaintainingthecoherenceofaparagraphbyconnectingideasandensuringasmoothflowofthought.Theyguidethereaderfromonepointtothenext,makingtheparagraphmorelogicalandeasiertofollow.Forexample,wordslike"however"introduceacontrast,while"therefore"indicatesaresult.Withoutthesetransitions,aparagraphmightfeeldisjointedandconfusing.Thus,transitionalwordsareessentialforcreat