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2025届高考核心词汇复习(知识清单+练习)Day12

一、单词详解

1.BritainfbrDton]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:英国,不列颠

(3)例句:

Britainisanislandnationwitharichhistory.(英国是一个历史

悠久的岛国。)

HetravelledextensivelythroughoutBritain.(他游遍了英国各地。)

(4)拓展词组:

GreatBritain(大不列颠):指的是英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士的地理概念。

TheInitedKingdom(英国):指的是由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔

兰组成的政治实体。

(5)易错点拨:Britain和England经常被混淆。England只是英国的一部

分,而Britain涵盖更广泛的地理和政治概念。

(6)帮助串记的例句:

Britainisanislandnation,consistingofEngland,Scotland,and

Wales.(英国是一个岛国,由英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成。)

HevisitedmanyhistoricalsitesinGreatBritain.(他参观了大不

列颠的许多历史遗迹。)

2.broad[brOnd]

(1)词性:形容词(adj.)

(2)中文释义:宽的,广阔的

(3)例句:

Theriverisverybroadatthispoint.(这条河在这个地方很宽。)

Hehasabroadrangeofinterests,frommusictosports.(他的兴

趣爱好很广泛,从音乐到体育都有涉猎。)

(4)同义词:wide,extensive

(5)反义词:narrow,limited

(6)搭配:

broadshoulders(宽阔的肩膀)

abroadsmile(灿烂的笑容)

abroadrangeof(广泛的•一)

(7)拓展词组:

inbroaddaylight(光天化日之下)

broad-minded(心胸宽广的)

(8)易错点拨:broad和wide都可以表示“宽的”,但broad更强调横向的

宽度,wide则更强调两边距离的远。

(9)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

wide(宽的):强调两边距离的远。

pxt.pnsiVP(广阔的):强调范围的广c

(10)帮助串记的例句:

Thebridgeisbroadenoughfortwocarstopass.(这座桥很宽,足

以让两辆车并排行驶。)

Shehasabroadmindandisalwayswillingtoacceptnewideas.

(她心胸宽广,总是乐于接受新思想。)

3.broadcastfbrD□dkaUst]

(1)词性:名词(n.)/及物动词(vt.)

(2)中文释义:

(n.)广播,广播节目

(vt.)广播,传播

(3)例句:

ThenewsbroaduasIwillbeginin社fewminutes.(新闻广播几分钟后

开始。)

TheBBCbroadcastsnewsandprogramsallovertheworld.(英国广

播公司向全世界广播新闻和节目。)

(4)同义词:(vt.)transmit,air

(5)搭配:

livebroadcast:现场直播)

radiobroadcast(广播节目)

televisionbroadcast(电视节目)

(6)拓展词组:

broadcastlive:现场直播)

bebroadcaston(在...播出)

(7)易错点拨:broadcast的过去式和过去分词都是broadcast0

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

transmit(传送):指信号或信息的传送。

air(播放):通常指通过无线电波播放节目。

(9)帮助串记的例句:

Thpconcertwillhebroadcast,livpontelevision.(音乐会将在电视

上进行现场直播。)

Theradiostationbroadcastsavarietyofprograms,including

music,news,andtalkshows.(这家广播电台播放各种各样的节目,包括音

乐、新闻和脱口秀。)

4.broom[bruDm]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:扫帚

(3)例句:

Shesweptthefloorwithabroom.(她用扫帚扫地。)

Thewitchflewonherbroomstick.(女巫骑着她的扫帚飞走了。)

(4)搭配:

anewbr。。山(新官上任)

sweepwithabroom(用扫帚扫)

(5)拓展词组:anewbroomsweepsclean(新官上任三把火)

(6)易错点拨:broon是可数名词,复数形式是brooms<)

(7)帮助串记的例句:Anewbroomsweepsclean,butanoldbrushknows

thecorners.(新扫帚扫得干净,老刷子知道角落。)

5.brotherhoodfbrCdahDd]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:兄弟情谊,手足之情,博爱

(3)例句:

Thespiritofbrotherhoodisstrongamongfirefighters.(消防员之

间兄弟情谊深厚。)

Hebelievesinthebrotherhoodofallmankind.(他相信全人类的博

爱。)

(4)同义词:fraternity,camaraderie

(5)搭配:

asenseofbrotherhood(兄弟情谊)

promot.phrothprhood(促进友爱)

(6)拓展词组:thebrotherhoodofman(人类的博爱)

(7)帮助串记的例句:Thebrotherhoodtheysharedwasunbreakable.(他

们之间的兄弟情谊牢不可破。)

6.brush[br口□]

(1)词性:名词(n.)/及物动词(vt.)

(2)中文释义:

(n.)刷子

(vt.)刷,擦

(3)例句:

Ineedanewtoothbrush.(我需要一把新牙刷。)

Hebrushedthedirtoffhiscoat.(他把外套上的灰尘刷掉。)

(4)同义词:(vl.)sweep,cluciii

(5)搭配:

ahairbrush(发刷)

apaintbrush(油漆刷)

brushyourteeth(刷牙)

(6)拓展词组:

brushupon(复习)

brushaside(不予理睬)

(7)易错点拨:brush做动词时,后面可以直接跟宾语,也可以跟宾语+副词的

结构。

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

sweep(扫):用扫帚等工具清理垃圾。

clean(清洁):使…干净。

(7)帮助串记的例句:

Tbrushmyteethtwiceaday.(我每天刷两次牙。)

Hebrushedasidemyconcerns.(他对我的担忧置之不理。)

7.bucketfbDkOt]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:水桶,桶

(3)例句:

Theyusedabuckettocarrywater.(他们用水桶提水。)

Therainwasconingdowninbuckets.(大雨倾盆而下。)

(4)搭配:

abucketofwater(—•桶水)

kickthebucket(死,翘辫子)

(5)拓展词组:adropinthebucket(沧海一粟)

(6)易错点拨:bucket是可数名词,复数形式是buckets。

(7)帮助串记的例句:

Weneededabuckettocollecttherainwater.(我们需要一个水桶来

收集雨水。)

Hisdeathwasarealkickinthebucketforthewholefamily.(他

的去世对整个家庭来说都是一个沉重的打击。)

8.BuddhismbndDzsm]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:佛教

(3)例句:

Buddhismisareligionandphilosophythatoriginatedinancient

India.(佛教是一种起源于古印度的宗教和哲学。)

HeisadevoutfollowerofBuddhism.(他是一位虔诚的佛教徒。)

(4)拓展词组:

ZenBuddhism(禅宗)

TibetanBuddhisn(藏传佛教)

(5)易错点拨:Buddhism是一个专有名词,首字母要大写。

(6)帮助串记的例句:Buddhismteachestheimportanceofcompassionand

understanding.(佛教教导人们慈悲和理解的重要性。)

9.burialfberDol]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:葬礼,埋葬

(3)例句:

TheburialwilltakeplaceonMonday.:葬礼将于星期一举行。)

Theburialofthetreasuretookplaceatnight.(宝臧的埋臧是在夜

间进行的。)

(4)同义词:interment,funeral

(5)搭配:

aburialground(墓地)

aburialservice(葬礼)

(6)拓展词组:atseaburial(海葬)

(7)易错点拨:burial是一个名词,不要与bury(动词)混淆。

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:fuusdl(葬礼):指的是为死者举行

的仪式。

(9)帮助串记的例句:Theburialwasasomberaffair.(葬礼是一件庄严肃

穆的事情。)

10.burn[bDOn]

(1)词性:动词(v.)

(2)中文释义:燃烧,烧伤

(3)例句:

Thefireburnedbrightlyinthefireplace.(壁炉里的火烧得很旺。)

Iburnedmyhandonthestove.(我的手被炉子烫伤了。)

(4)同义词:blaze,scorch

(5)搭配:

burndown(烧毁;

burnout(烧尽)

(6)拓展词组:

burnthemidnightoil(熬夜)

getburned(上当受骗)

(7)易错点拨:burn的过去式和过去分词分别为hurnpd/hurnt.rt

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

blaze(熊熊燃烧八指火势猛烈地燃烧。

scorch(烧焦):指物体表面被烧焦。

(9)帮助串记的例句:

Thehouseburnedtotheground.(房子被烧毁了。)

Don,tgotburnedbythatinvestment.(不要在那项投资中上当受骗。)

11.burst[bDrist]

(1)词性:不及物动词(vi.)/及物动词(vt.)

(2)中文释义:

(vi.)爆裂,突然出现

(vt.)使爆炸

(3)例句:

Theballoonburstwithaloudbang.(气球砰的一声爆炸了。)

Heburstintotheroomwithoutknocking.(他没敲门就冲进了房间。)

(4)同义词:explode,erupt

(5)搭配:

burstintotears(突然哭起来)

burstoutlaughing(突然大笑起来)

(6)拓展词组:

aburstofenergy(一阵能量)

aburstofspeed(一阵加速)

(7)易错点拨:burst的过去式和过去分词都是bursto

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

explode(爆炸):指物体内部压力过大而发生剧烈破裂。

erupt(喷发):指火山、喷泉等突然喷出熔岩、水等物质。

(9)帮助串记的例句:

Thedamburst,floodingthevalley.(大坝决堤,淹没了山谷。)

Sheburstintotearswhensheheardthenews.(听到这个消息,她突

然哭了起来.)

12.bury['beri]

(1)词性:及物动词(vt.)

(2)中文释义:埋葬,掩埋

(3)例句:

Theyburiedhiminthechurchyard.(他们把他埋葬在教堂墓地里。)

Shoburiedherfaceinherhands.(她双手捂着脸。)

(4)同义词:inter,conceal

(5)搭配:

burythehatchet(言归于好)

burythepast(忘记过去)

(6)拓展词组:beburiedinwork(埋头工作)

(7)易错点拨:bury的过去式和过去分词分别为buried,buried。

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

inter(埋葬):正式用语,指将死者埋葬于墓穴中。

conceal(隐藏):指将某物藏起来,使人看不见。

(9)帮助串记的例句:

Theydecidedtoburythehatchetandmoveon.(他们决定和好如初,

继续前进。)

Hewasburiedinworkanddidn,thear:hephonering.(他埋头工作,

没有听到电话铃声。)

13.bush[bDD]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:灌木,矮树丛

(3)例句:

Thebirdsbuilttheirnestinthebush.(鸟儿们在灌木丛里筑巢。)

Thepathledthroughdensebushes.(这条小路穿过茂密的灌木丛。)

(4)搭配:

arosebush(玫瑰丛)

hpataroundthebush(拐弯抹角)

(5)拓展词组:beataboutthebush(旁敲侧击)

(6)易错点拨:bush是可数名词,复数形式是bushes。

(7)帮助串记的例句:Don'tbeataroundthebush-justtel1mewhat

youthink.(别拐弯抹角了,直接告诉我你的想法。)

14.businessfbDznDs]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:商业,生意,事情

(3)例句:

Herunsasuccessfulbusiness.(他经营着一家成功的企业。)

Ihavesomebusinesstoattendto.(我有些事情要处理。)

(4)同义词:commerce,trade,affair

(5)搭配:

bigbusiness(大企业)

dobusiness(做生意)

mindyourownbusiness(少管闲事)

(6)拓展词组:

noneofyourbusiness(不关你的事)

getdowntobusiness(言归正传)

(7)易错点拨:business做“生意”讲时是不可数名词,做“公司”讲时是可

数名词。

(8)与其他近似单词的中文意思的辨析:

commerce(商业):指大规模的商业活动。

trade(贸易):指国家或地区之间的商品交奥。

affair(事件):指发生的事情,尤指重要或不寻常的事件。

(9)帮助串记的例句:

Let'sgetdowntobusiness.(让我们言归正传。)

It'snoneofyourbusinesswhatIdoinmyfreetime.(我在空汨时

间做什么事不关你的事。)

15.hut.chpr[*bntrio]

(1)词性:名词(n.)/及物动词(vt.)

(2)中文释义:

(n.)屠夫,肉贩

(vt.)屠宰,残杀

(3)例句:

Thebutcherpreparedthemoatforthecustomer.(屠夫为顾客准备

肉。)

Thesoldierswerebrutallybutchered.1士兵们被残忍地杀害了。)

(4)搭配:

abutcher'sshop(肉铺)

butcherapig(宰猪)

(5)拓展词组:butcher'shook(屠宰钩)

(6)易错点拨:butcher做动词时,通常带有残忍或血腥的意味。

(7)帮助串记的例句:

Thebutcher'sshopwasclosedfortheday.(肉铺今天关门了。)

Thedictatorwasresponsibleforbutcheringthousandsofhisown

people.(这位独裁者应对屠杀成千上万自己的人民负责。)

16.butterfbDto]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:黄油

(3)例句:

Ilikebutteronmytoast.(我喜欢在吐司上涂黄油。)

Hespreadbutteronthebread.(他把黄油涂在面包上。)

(4)搭配:

apatofbutter(一小块黄油)

peanutbutter(花生海)

(5)拓展词组:

butterup(奉承)

looklike;hutt.prwouldn,t.mpltinone'smonth(装出一副无辜的样

子)

(6)易错点拨:butter是不可数名词。

(7)帮助串记的例句:He'stryingtobuttermeupbecausehewants

something.(他在奉承我,因为他想要什么东西。)

17.button[*bDtan]

(1)词性:名词(n.)

(2)中文释义:纽扣

(3)例句:

Hesewedabuttonontohisshirt.(他把一颗纽扣缝到衬衫上。)

Shepressedthebuttontocal1theelevator.(她按下按钮叫电梯。)

(4)搭配:

butLonup(扣纽扣)

pushthebutton(按下按钮)

(5)拓展词组:

onthebutton(准确无误)

hitthepanicbutton(惊慌失措)

(6)易错点拨:button是可数名词,复数形式是buttonso

(7)帮助串记的例句:

Hewasalwaysonthebuttonwhenitcametoremembering

birthdays.(说到记住生日,他总是很准。)

Don*thitthepanicbutton!Westillhavetimetofixthis.(别惊

慌!我们还有时间解决这个问题。)

二、练习

(一)语法填空

1.Theoldmansatinhisrockingchair,(gentle)brushinghis

handthroughhisgranddaughter'shair.

2.Thetourguide(caution)usaboutthedangersofwandering

offthetrail.

3.11.isimport.anttodisposeof(chemistry)wasteproper1y.

4.TheGreatWallofChinaisoneofthe(wonder)ofthe

world.

5.Feeling(exhaust)afteralongday,swork,shecollapsed

ontothesofa.

6.Thecompany,sprofitshave(gradual)declinedoverthepast

year.

7.Thehiker(stumble)andfell,injuringhisankle.

8.She(glance)atherwatchandrealizedshewaslateforher

appointment.

9.Theartistusedbold,_____(vivid)colorsinhispaintings.

10.Theteacheraskedthestudentstowritea(brief)summary

ofthechapter.

11.Thechildrensquealedwithdelightastheyrodeonthe

(merry)-go-round.

12.He(pause)foramoment,consideringhisresponse.

13.Thelawyerpresenteda______(persuade)argumentincourt.

14.The(bury)sitewasdiscoveredbyarchaeologists.

15.Thecompanyisinthe(process)ofdevelopinganew

product.

16.The(explode)sentshockwavesthroughthecity.

17.He(shrug)hisshoulders,indicatingthathedidn,tknow

theanswer.

(二)单句改错

1.Heiswidelyacknowledgedasoneofthebestdoctorinthe

country.

2.Thechildrenwereexcitingaboutgoingtothezoo.

3.Thegovernmenthasimplementedanumberofmeasuretoreduce

pollution.

4.HPhesitatedforamoment,hpforpanswertheQiipstion.

5.Shewrappedherarmsaroundhim,buryherfaceinhischest.

6.Thecompanyisconstantinnovatingtostayaheadofthe

competition.

7.Heisatalentmusicianwithapromisingfuture.

8.Themeetinghasbeenpostponeduntilfurthernotice.

9.Theexplosionloftahugecrateintheground.

10.Thestormcausedextensivedamagetothebuilding*sroof.

11.Thelawyerarguedpassionateonbehalfofhisclient.

12.Hegivemeaquicksummaryofthesituation.

13.Shewasdeepmovedbyhiswords.

14.Theaudiencegaspedinamazedatthemagician'strick.

15.Thechildienweiellixilltoseethecircus.

16.Shewhisperedquietsoasnottowakethebaby.

17.Hesmiledawkwardly,unsureofhowtorespondherquestion.

(三)选词填空

Britain,broad,broadcast,broom,brotherhood,brush,bucket,

Buddhism,burial,burn,burst,bury,bush,business,butcher,butter,

button

1.Hetraveledto_____toexperienceitsrichhistoryandculture.

2.Theriverwassothatitseemedtostretchonforever.

3.Thenewsofthetragedywasonallmajortelevision

networks.

4.Shesweptthecrumbsoffthefloorwitha.

5.Thefirefighterssharedastrongsenseof.

6.Heusedatoapplypainttothecanvas.

7.Shecarrieda____ofwatertothethirstygarden.

8.teachesaboutcompassion,mindfulness,andenlightenment.

9.Thewasheldinasmall,quietcemetery.

10.Thefirpbrightlyinthpfireplace,providingwarmthand

cheer.

11.Sheintotearsuponhearingthegoodnews.

12.They____thetreasurechestdeepbeneaththeoaktree.

13.Asmallbirdhadbuiltitsnestinthe.

14.Hestartedhisownaftergraduatingfromcollege.

15.Thepreparedavarietyofcutsofmoatforhiscustomers.

16.Shespreadonhertoastandtookabite.

17.Hehiscoatandsteppedoutsideintothecold.

(四)将下列句子翻译成英语

1.那位老师警告学生们考试作弊的后果。(warn)

2.这座桥有10米宽。(broad)

3.这档节目将在今晚8点进行直播。(山uddcdsl)

4.他用扫帚把地上的碎玻璃扫了起来。(broom)

5.他们之间有着牢不可破的兄弟情谊。(brotherhood)

6.她用刷子把头发上的灰尘刷掉。(brush)

7.他提着一桶水从井边走回来。(bucket)

8.佛教起源于印度。(Buddhism)

9.他的葬礼将在下周举行。(burial)

10.那栋旧建筑被大火烧毁了。(burn)

11.听到这个消息,他突然大笑起来。(burst)

12.他们把狗埋在了后院里。(bury)

13.那只兔子躲进了灌木丛中。(bush)

14.我有一些事情要处理。(business)

15.屠夫把肉切成小块。(butcher)

16.我喜欢在面包上涂黄油。(butter)

17.他解开外套上的扣子。(button)

(五)阅读

Passage1

Thpquaint.cobhlpstonpstreetsofStratford-upon-Avon,atownnest.1pci

intheheartofBritain,havelongechoedwiththefootstepsof

literaryenthusiasts.Itwashere,inthisidyllicsetting,that

Wi11iamShakespeare,arguablythegreatestplaywrightintheEnglish

language,wasbornandraised.

Hisbirthplace,acharminghalf-timberedhouse,standsasatestament

tohishumblebeginnings.Visitorscanexploretheroomswhoreho

spenthischildhood,marvelingatthesimplicityoflifein

ElizabethanEngland.AshortwalkawayliestheShakespeareCentre,a

1iteraryhubthatdelvesintotheBard'slifeandworks,offeringa

deeperunderstandingofhisgenius.

Beyondthetown,shistoricalsignificance,Stratford-upon-Avonisa

vibrantcultuiulueului.TheRoyalSliakcspeareTheatre,bitualudon

thebanksoftheRiverAvon,hostsworld-classproductionsof

Shakespeare*splays,attractingaudiencesfromfarandwide.Thetown

alsoboastsawealthofartgalleries,museums,andantiqueshops,

offeringsomethingtopiqueeveryone'sinterest.

OnecannotleaveStratford-upon-Avonwithoutexperiencingthebroad

tapestryofnaturewovenintoitsveryfabric.Thetranqui1River

Avon,whereswansglidegracefullyamidsttheweepingwillows,

providestheperfectsettingforaleisurelyboatride.Forthose

seekingrespitefromthebustlingtowncenter,thenearbyCotswolds,

withtheirrollinghillsandpicturesquevillages,offeraglimpse

intotheidyllicEnglishcountryside.

Stratford-upon-Avonisadestinationthatseamlesslyblendshistory,

culture,andnature,offeringanunforgettableexperiencefor

visitorsofal1agesandinterests.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.ToprovideahistoricalaccountofStratford-upon-Avon.

B.Topromotet.ourisminStratford-upon-Avon.

C.ToanalyzetheworksofWilliamShakespeare.

D.TocompareStratford-upon-AvonwithotherEnglishtowns.

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcanvisitorsNOT

doinStratford-upon-Avon?

A.VisitShakespeare'sbirthplace.

B.SecaperformanceattheRoyalShakespeareTheatre.

C.Exploreartgalleriesandmuseums.

D.VisittheBritishRoyalFamily.

3.Theword"broad"inparagraph4couldbestbereplacedbywhichof

thefollowing?

A.Extensive

B.Beautiful

C.Colorful

D.Grand

4.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttheRiverAvon?

A.Itisapopularspotforswiminingandfishing.

B.Itisasourceofinspirationforartistsandwriters.

C.Itprovidesapeacefulescapefromthetowncenter.

D.Itishometoavarietyofrareandendangeredspecies.

5.Whatistheauthor,soveralltoneinthispassage?

A.Nostalgicandreflective.

B.Informativeandenthusiastic.

C.Criticalandanalytical.

D.Humorousandlighthearted.

Passage2

Thecommunitycenterbuzzedwithnervousenergyasyoungmen,their

facesscrubbedcleanandhairslickedback,linedupfortheirchance

atglory.Itwastheannualtownfair,andthehighlightformanywas

t.hppip-patingcontest.AmongthphopefulsstoodBilly,a1anky

teenagerwithalean,hungrylookinhiseye.He'dbeentrainingfor

thismomentallsummer,practicinghistechniqueonapplepieshis

motherbakedespeciallyfortheoccasion.

Ahushfelloverthecrowdasthemayor,hisbellystrainingagainst

hisbuttonedvest,tookthestage.Heannouncedtherules:nohands

allowed,oatasmuchpicasyoucaninthroeminutes,andwhoeverhas

thecleanestplateattheendwins.

Adozenpies,theirbutterycrustsglisteningunderthestagelights,

wereplacedbeforethecontestants.Thestartingwhistleblew,and

Billyattackedhispiewithgusto,hisjawworking1ikeawell-oiled

machine.Heignoredtheburningsensationinhisthroat,the

unuuiiifoi-tablefullnessinhissloiiiciuh,thestickymussdrippingdown

hischin.Hewasinthezone,focusedsolelyondevouringthesweet,

gooeygoodnessbeforehim.

Asthesecondstickedaway,thecrowdroaredwithlaughterand

encouragement.Billycouldhearhismother,svoiceabovethedin,

urginghimon.Heglancedathiscompetitors,theirfacessmeared

withpiefilling,theirpacenoticeablyslower.Hedugdeeper,

pushinghimselfbeyondhislimits.

Whenthefinalwhistleb1ew,Billycollapsedback,hisstomach

distended,hisfaceandshirtcoveredinapplepieremnants.He

lookedaroundattheothercontestants,theirplatesstillhalf-full,

andallowedhimselfasmall,triumphantsmile.Hehaddoneit.

6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Theimportanceofcommunityevents.

B.Thethrillofconpetitionandthepursuitofvictory.

C.Thedangersofovereating.

D.Thespecialbondbetweenamotherandson.

7.Thedescriptionofthemayor's"hallystrainingagainsthis

buttonedvest"isprimarilyintendedto:

A.Emphasizetheimportanceofthepie-eatmgcontest.

B.Providecomicreliefinatensesituation.

C.Suggestthatthemayorisafairandimpartialjudge.

D.Highlighttheabundanceoffoodatthetownfair.

8.WhichwordbestdescribesBilly'sattitudetowardsthepic-oating

contest?

A.Casual.

B.Determined.

C.Hesitant.

D.Amused.

9.WhalduestheimageryofBilly〃iuIliezone"suggestabouthim?

A.Heiscompletelyfocusedonwinningthecontest.

B.Heisoblivioustothecrowdandhissurroundings.

C.Heisenjoyingthetasteofthepie.

D.Heisbeginningtofeeli11fromeatingtoomuch.

10.Whatisthesignificanceofthe"small,triumphantsmile〃atthe

endofthepassage?

A.ItshowsthatBillyisproudofhisvictorydespitethemess.

B.ItsuggeststhatBillyregretseatingsomuchpie.

C.ItimpliesthatBillyisalreadythinkingaboutnextyear's

contest.

D.ItrevealsthatBillyissecretlyembarrassedbyhisvictory.

Passage3

Theoldwomansatonherporch,gentlyrockingbackandforth,her

eyesclosedasifinprayer.Theafternoonsun,filteringthroughthe

branchesofagnarledoaktree,castdancingshadowsontheworn

floorboards.Theairwasthickwiththescentoffreshlycutgrass

andthpfaintsweetnessofhoneysuckle.Ttwasappacpfulscene,ypt.

beneaththetranquility,adeepsadnesslingered.

Sheclutchedafadedphotographinherweatheredhands.Itwasa

pictureoftwoyoungmen,theirarmsslungaroundeachother*s

shoulders,theirfaceslitwiththecarefreejoyofyouth.Theywere

soldiers,theiruniformscrispandnew,theirsmilesbroadand

unguarded.Theyworealsobrothers,boundbyalovethatrandeeper

thanblood.

Warhadtakenthemboth,snatchedthemawayintheblinkofaneye.

Sheoftenwonderedwhatmighthavebeenhadtheybeenspared.Would

theyhavemarried,hadchildrenoftheirown?Wouldtheyhavegrown

oldtogether,theirbrotherhoodweatheringthestormsoflife?Such

ihouglilswexe社crueltomiuiil,auuiislctulremiiidcrofwhatshehad

lost.

Shereachedforherwalkingstick,itswoodensurfacesmoothandworn

fromyearsofuse.Risingslowly,shemadeherwaydowntheporch

stepsandtowardsasmal1,fenced-inareabehindherhouse.Itwasa

graveyard,aplaceofrestforgenerationsofherfamily.Twosimple

headstones,sidebyside,markedthefinalrestingplaceofher

belovedsons.

Kneelingbeforetheirgraves,shegentlybrushedawayastrayleaf

thathadfallenononeoftheheadstones."Myboys,“shewhispered,

hervoicetremblingwithemotion."Youarealwaysinmyheart.”

11.Whatistheprinaryfocusofthispassage?

A.Thehorrorsofwar.

B.Theimportanceoffamily.

C.Amother'sgriefforherlostsons.

D.Thetranquilityoflifeinthecountryside.

12.Thedescriptionofthesettinginthefirstparagraphis

primari1yintendedto:

A.Createasenseofpeaceandtranquility.

B.Contrastwiththesadnessthewomanfeels.

C.Emphasizetheisolationofthewoman'slife.

D.Providebackgroundinformationaboutthewoman*spast.

13.Whatdoesthephotographrepresenttotheoldwoman?

A.Areminderofhappiertimes.

B.Asymbolofhersons'bravery.

C.Asourceofcomfortandsolace.

D.Aphysicallinktoherlostsons.

14.Theword"broad“inparagraph3couldbestbereplacedbywhich

ofthefollowing?

A.Genuine

B.Wide

C.Infectious

D.Mischievous

15.Theoldwoman'sactofbrushingaleafofftheheadstone

symbolizesher:

A.Desiretokeephersons'memoryalive.

B.Beliefthathersonsarestillwithherinspirit.

C.Angerattheinjusticeoftheirdeaths.

D.Acceptanceofhersons'fate.

Passage4

Themonasteryclungprecariouslytothemountainside,itswhitewashed

wallsgleaminglikeabeaconagainstthebackdropoftheHimalayas.

Forcenturies,ithadbeenaplaceofpilgrimage,asanctuaryfor

thoseseekingspiritualenlightenment.Highabovetheclamorofthe

worldbelow,monksdedicatedtheirlivestomeditationandstudy,

adheringtotheancientteachingsofBuddhism.

Lifpinthpmonast.prywasaust.prp,strippedharpofworIdly

possessionsanddistractions.Themonkssleptonthinmats,their

onlyfurnitureasimplewoodenchestfortheirfewbelongings.They

rosebeforedawneachmorning,theirdaysfilledwithprayer,

chanting,andcontemplation.Theirmealsweresimple,consisting

mainlyofriceandvegetables,takeninsilence.

Despitetheharshconditions,themonksexudedanauraofpeaceand

contentment.Theyirovedwithaquietgrace,theirshavedheadsand

saffronrobessymbolsoftheirrenunciationofthematerialworld.

Theybelievedthattruehappinesslaynotinthepursuitofpleasure

butintheextinctionofdesire,intheachievementofnirvana.

Newcomerstothemonasterywereoftenoverwhelmedbythesilence.The

onlysoundswerethewindwhistlingthroughthemouiiluiiipasses,the

rhythmicchantingofthemonks,andtheoccasionalclangingofthe

brassbell,callingthemtoprayer.Itwasinthissilencethatthey

wereforcedtoconfronttheirownthoughtsandemotions,todelve

intothedepthsoftheirownbeing.

Forsome,thesilencewasunbearable,aconstantreminderoftheir

owninnerturmoil.Forothers,itwastransformative,agateway二。a

deeperunderstandingofthemselvesandtheuniverse.

16.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.ThebeautyandserenityoftheHimalayas.

B.ThedailylifeandbeliefsofBuddhistnonks.

C.Thechallengesandrewardsofseekingspiritualenlightenment.

D.ThehistoryandsignificanceofmonasteriesinBuddhistculture.

17.Theauthor'sdescriptionofthemonastery'slocationisprimarily

intendedtoemphasizeits:

A.Isolationfromtheoutsideworld.

B.Architecturalgrandeur.

C.Historicalsignificance.

D.Accessibilitytopilgrims.

18.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthemonks'attitudetowards

materialpossessions?

A.Theybelievethatmaterialpossessionsareessentialfor

happiness.

B.Theyvicwmaterialpossessionsasdistractionsfromspiritual

growth.

C.Theyusetheirmaterialpossessionstohelpthoselessfortunate.

D.Theybelievethatmaterialpossessionsareasignofspiritual

enlightenment.

19.Theword“clanging“inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto:

A.Gentleringing

B.Loudbanging

C.Softhumming

D.Rhythmictapping

20.Whatistheauthor'soveral1toneinthispassage?

A.Criticalandskeptical.

B.Respectfulandcontemplative.

C.Humorousandsatirical.

D.Pessimisticanddespairing.

Passage5

Thebutcher'sshop,tuckedbetweenabakeryandaflowerstall,was

asymphonyofsightsandsmells.Fromthestreet,onecouldglimpse

theowner,aburlymanwithforearmsthickashams,expertlywielding

hiscleaver,reducingsidesofbeefandporkintomanageablecuts.

Inside,theairwasthickwiththetangofrawmeat,mingledwiththe

sweetaromaofsawdustandthecomfortingscentofwoodsmokefromthe

stoveinthecorner.

HRtookpridpinhiscraft,thishutchpr,athird-gpnprationownprof

ashopthathadbeenafixtureinthecommunityforoveracentury.

Heknewhiscustomersbyname,knewtheirfamilies,their

preferences,theirstories.Heknewthefarmerswhosuppliedhis

meat,knewthefieldswheretheanimalsgrazed,knewthecarewith

whichtheywereraised.

HowasnJtjustsellingcutsofmoat;howassoilingtrust,

tradition,aconnectiontosomethingbeyondthesterileaislesofthe

supermarket.Hewou

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