河南省新乡市部分学校高三上学期11月质量监测英语试题

河南省2026届高三质量监测英语(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Buyagift.B.Watchamovie.C.Visithermum.2.HowdidMaryfeelbeforethecontest?A.Nervous.B.Confident.C.Confused.3.Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Studyingtogether.B.Havingawalk.C.Eatingbreakfast.4.WhatdoesTomprobablylikedrinkingonSundays?A.Tea.B.Juice.C.Coffee.5.Howdidthemangotoworkinthepast?A.Bybus.B.Bysubway.C.Onfoot.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhathappenedtoJonny’sphone?A.Thescreenwasbroken.B.Thebatterywasfaulty.C.Thecameradidn’twork.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Haveaclass.B.Buyaphone.C.Repairthephone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Herhusband.B.Atravelagent.C.Atourist.9.WhatdoweknowaboutthesuggestedBalitour?A.Itlastsfivedays.B.Itfocusesonhistoricalsites.C.Itoffersastayatafivestarhotel.10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoseeaftertheconversation?A.Maps.B.Brochures.C.Travelguides.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.WhatdoesMarkthinkofmodernsculpture?A.Itistooabstract.B.Ithasartisticvalue.C.Itappealstoagedpeople.12.Whatmaterialwasusedforthesecondsculpture?A.Metal.B.Wood.C.Glass.13.WhatwillMarkprobablydothisSaturday?A.Attendanartclass.B.Visitadisplay.C.Buyamodernsculpture.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatmakesthemanwanttostartagardeningclub?A.Hismajor.B.Hiswork.C.Hisinterest.15.Howoftenmaytheclubmembersmeet?A.Onceaday.B.Onceaweek.C.Onceamonth.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Athome.C.Atagarden.17.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardstheman’splan?A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Critical.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatisthereasonforthechangeoftheplan?A.Badweather.B.Lackoftime.C.Naturaldisasters.19.WhenwillthespeakerprobablyleavetheMuséed’Orsay?a.m.p.m.p.m.a.m.B.At2:00p.m.C.At6:00p.m.20.Whatisthelaststopofthetour?A.TheCentrePompidou.B.TheMuséed’Orsay.C.TheLouvreMuseum.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAstheendoftheyeardrawscloser,wehaveroundedupfournovelsforanydeterminedlybookishfolkwhostillhaveanendofyearreadingtargettohit.Dusk.ByRobbieArnott.Apuma(美洲狮)wanderstheTasmanianhighlands,killingsheepandtheirshepherds.IrisandFloyd,thehomelesstwins,jointhehuntinhopeofmakingafortune.Thisbringsthemintocontactwithanothertracker,Patrick,whoistrickyanddangerous.Thisisanovelofsurvivalandbetrayal,enrichedbyarrestingdescriptionofnature.DraytonandMackenzie.ByAlexanderStarritt.Twoverydifferentmen,JamesandRoland,meetasyoungadults.Bothseeksuccess,firstasmanagementconsultants,thenasentrepreneursinthefieldofgreenenergy.Astheysufferprivatepainandthefinancialcrashof2007,theyincreasinglyvaluetheirfriendship.Bothcharactersareexpertlydrawninthisfunny,touchingstory.Flashlight.BySusanChoi.Onenight,whileonholidayinJapan,tenyearoldLouisaandherfathergoforawalkalongabeach.Thenextdaysheisfoundhalfdeadandherparenthasdisappeared.AthomeinAmerica,Louisaandhermotherattempttomakesenseofthemysterythatrockedtheirlives.Areflectiononidentityanddisplacementthatisfulloftwistsandturns.SympathyTowerTokyo.ByQudanRie.TranslatedbyJesseKirkwood.ThewinnerofJapan’stopAkutagawaprize,thisnovelissetinanimaginedfutureanddevelopsaroundSaraMachina,anarchitecttaskedwithdesigningatallbuildinginwhichcriminalscanliveinfort.Sara,avictimofstreetviolence,isunfortablewiththemissionandseeksguidancefromachatbot.Aboldexplorationofcrime,punishmentandselfhelp.1.WhydoIrisandFloydjointhehuntforthepumainDusk?A.Togetasumofmoney.B.Toprotectthesheepandshepherds.C.TomakefriendswithtrackerPatrick.D.ToenjoythenaturalsceneryofTasmania.2.Whichnoveltakesplaceinafictionalfutureworld?ADusk B.FlashlightC.SympathyTowerTokyo D.DraytonandMackenzie3.Whereisthisarticlemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbookonliterature.B.Anofficialnoticefromalibrary.C.Apersonaldiaryaboutreading.D.Abookreviewcolumninamagazine.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章临近年末为仍有阅读目标的读者推荐了四部小说，并分别介绍了每部小说的故事梗概与核心特色。1题详解】细节理解题。根据《Dusk》部分“IrisandFloyd,thehomelesstwins,jointhehuntinhopeofmakingafortune.(无家可归的双胞胎艾瑞斯和弗洛伊德加入了追捕行动，希望能赚一笔钱。)”可知，两人加入追捕美洲狮的行动是为了赚钱。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据《SympathyTowerTokyo》部分“ThewinnerofJapan’stopAkutagawaprize,thisnovelissetinanimaginedfutureanddevelopsaroundSaraMachina,anarchitecttaskedwithdesigningatallbuildinginwhichcriminalscanliveinfort.(这部小说获得了日本最高的芥川奖，背景设定在一个虚构的未来，围绕建筑师萨拉·马奇纳展开，她的任务是设计一座供罪犯舒适居住的高楼。)”可知，这部小说发生在虚构的未来世界。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据全文首句“Astheendoftheyeardrawscloser,wehaveroundedupfournovelsforanydeterminedlybookishfolkwhostillhaveanendofyearreadingtargettohit.(随着年末临近，我们为那些仍有年末阅读目标的热爱读书的人整理了四部小说。)”及后文对每部小说的故事内容和特色的简要介绍可知，文章是典型的书籍推荐类内容，最可能来自杂志的书评专栏。故选D。BAvideoofa29yearoldrailwayofficerhanddrawingChina’sentirerailwaynetworkfrommemoryhasgoneviral.XingSiyuan,apassengerservicedutyofficerinChinaRailwayShanghaiGroupCo,hasmemorizedandcanmanuallydrawaprehensivediagramofthenationalrailnetwork.Hermapincludes1,092stationnames,388railwaylinenames,975farecalculationstationsand117noncalculationstations.Usingjusttwopens,shereproducedaversionofChina’srailwaymapthatcloselyresemblestheofficialprintedone.TheideaofmemorizingthemapfirstcametoXingduringthe2018SpringFestivaltravelrush,whensheassistedanelderlypassengerwhostruggledtoplanajourneyhomewithoutasmartphoneorfamilysupport.“Thatmomentmademerealizetheimportanceofbeingabletoprovideimmediatetransfersolutionstopassengers,especiallyforthosewhostrugglewithtech,”shesaid.Xingachievedhergoalin2022bydevelopingasystematicapproachofdividingthenetworkintofourgeographicalsections,masteringmainlinesbeforeprogressingtolinesatabranchlevel.Whileshecandrawthefullnetworkinfourtofivehours,therealbenefitliesinherabilitytoassistpassengersinstantly.“Whenfacingelderlypassengersorthosewhoneedurgenttransferarrangements,Icanimmediatelyprovidemultipleroutingoptionswithoutrelyingondigitaldevices,”shesaid.Thisskillisespeciallyhelpfulduringpeakseasons,whenticketsmaybelimitedatmajortransferstations.Despitebeingreferredtoastherailway’s“superbrain”onsocialmedia,Xingdoesn’tthinkit’sabigdeal.“Idon’tconsidermemorizinganddrawingtherailwaynetworkparticularlyextraordinary,”shesaid.“Manyofmycolleaguesareequallyexcellentintheirways.”Inaneradominatedbyartificialintelligenceanddigitaltools,Xing’sachievementhassparkedinterestintheroleofhumanexpertise.Shebelievesmasteringsuchskillshelpsdevelopproblemsolvingabilitiesandbringsuniquevaluetocustomerservice.4.HowdoestheauthorshowthatXingSiyuan’shanddrawnrailwaymapisdetailed?A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bymakingparison.C.Byclassifyingstationnames.D.Bymentioningtheofficialdigitalmaps.5.WhatinspiredXingSiyuantomemorizeandhanddrawChina’snationalrailwaynetwork?A.Herencounteringanelderlymanin2018.B.Herpassionfordrawingprehensivemaps.C.Therequirementfromherpanytomasterthenationalrailwaynetwork.D.Herhelpinganolderpassengerhavingdifficultyplanningthejourneyhome.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeXingSiyuan?A.Intelligentandshy. B.mittedandmodest.C.Passionateandoutgoing. D.Selfdisciplinedandprofessional.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Xingthinksherskillboostscapabilityandmeaning.B.Hervideohasbroughthergreatattentionandwealth.C.AIanddigitaltoolshavereplacedhumanexpertiseinrailways.D.PeoplehadnointerestinhumanexpertisebeforeXing’sachievement.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。讲述了上海铁路局客运值班员邢思远凭记忆手绘中国铁路网的事迹，介绍了其手绘地图的细节、创作初衷、学习方法、实际价值及她的个人态度。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Hermapincludes1,092stationnames,388railwaylinenames,975farecalculationstationsand117noncalculationstations.(她的地图包含1092个车站名称、388条铁路线路名称、975个票价计算站和117个非计算站。)”可知，作者通过列举具体数字来体现邢思远手绘铁路网的详细程度。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheideaofmemorizingthemapfirstcametoXingduringthe2018SpringFestivaltravelrush,whensheassistedanelderlypassengerwhostruggledtoplanajourneyhomewithoutasmartphoneorfamilysupport.(2018年春运期间，邢思远帮助了一位没有智能手机、没有家人陪同、难以规划返乡行程的老年乘客，也就是在那时，她萌生了记忆铁路地图的想法。)”可知，启发邢思远记忆并手绘中国铁路网的是她帮助一位难以规划返乡行程的老年乘客这件事。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Xingachievedhergoalin2022bydevelopingasystematicapproachofdividingthenetworkintofourgeographicalsections,masteringmainlinesbeforeprogressingtolinesatabranchlevel.(邢思远制定了系统的方法，将铁路网按地理划分为四个区域，先掌握干线，再攻克支线，最终在2022年达成目标。)”可见她的专注投入；再根据第七段“Despitebeingreferredtoastherailway’s“superbrain”onsocialmedia,Xingdoesn’tthinkit’sabigdeal.“Idon’tconsidermemorizinganddrawingtherailwaynetworkparticularlyextraordinary,”shesaid.“Manyofmycolleaguesareequallyexcellentintheirways.”(尽管她在社交媒体上被称为铁路的“超级大脑”，但她认为这没什么大不了的。“我不认为记住并画出铁路网有什么了不起，”她说。“我的许多同事在各自的方面也同样出色。”)”可见她的谦逊。因此“专注且谦逊”最能形容她。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Shebelievesmasteringsuchskillshelpsdevelopproblemsolvingabilitiesandbringsuniquevaluetocustomerservice.(她认为掌握这样的技能有助于培养解决问题的能力，并为客户服务带来独特价值。)”可知，邢思远认为她的技能提升了能力并赋予了服务意义。故选A。CAphenomenoncalled‘falseautumn’israisingconcernsamongconservationistsaboutitspotentialimpactsonwildlifeintheingmonths,acharitysays.“Sometreesaregoingbrownasasurvivalstrategytominimizewaterlossandconservevitalnutrients,”DrazenNesic,anaturephotographer,putit.TheDevonWildlifeTrustsaidtreeshadbeencastingoffleavesabouttwomonthsearlybecauseofrecenthotweather.Italsosaidusualwildfoodsforbirdsandmammalsmayreduceasaresult—withberriesandnutshavingbeenappearingmuchearlierthanusual,withmanyreportedtobesmallerand“lessjuicy”thannormal.Forhibernating(冬眠)speciesliketheprotectedHazelDormouse(睡鼠),thesechangescouldproveparticularlydangerous.“Withdecreasedfoodsupplies,manyanimalsmayenterwinterwithoutadequatefatreservesessentialforsurvivinghibernation,”notedaDWTspokesperson.Theorganizationhasdocumentedcaseswheredormiceweighed15—20%lessthannormalforthistimeofyear.StaffinDWTsaidthat,despitesomerecentrain,peopleshouldputoutregularsuppliesofwateringardens,plushighenergyfoods,tohelpwildlife.Torelievetheseimpacts,conservationistsremendcreatingwildlifefriendlyhabitatsbyplantingnativebushesandleavingfallenleavesasnaturalprotection.Additionally,settingupextrafeedingstationswithnutrientrichfoodslikesunflowerseedscanprovidecrucialsupport.munityledinitiatives,suchaswildlifewateringprograms,arealsobeingencouragedtohelpspeciesadapttotheseshiftingconditions.SteveHussey,fromtheTrust,mented:“Nature’stimingiseverythingforourwildlife.Theclimatecrisisisbringingwithitseasonalweatherpatternswhichourwildlifeisjustnotadaptedto.Ourlong,hotsummerandthefalseautumnwillhaveaknockonformanyspeciesrightintotherealautumnmonthsandbeyond.”8.WhyaretreesdroppingleavesearlierthannormalthisyearaccordingtotheDevonWildlifeTrust?A.Treesfacedunusualheatstresses.B.Peopledestroyedtheleavesforgardening.C.Heavyrainfalldamagedtheleaves.D.Mammalsateuptheprematureleaves.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Wildanimalshibernateearlierfornotstoringenoughfat.BTreesarechangingcolortoproducemorefoodforanimals.C.DWTisresponsibleforprovidingfoodsuppliesforanimals.D.Wildfoodsarefacingalackofproductioninhotweather.10.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.plicatedstepsforgardenerstofollow.B.Encouragementtostartmunityprojects.C.Variousmeasurestoaidwildlife.D.Thesuccessofcurrentconservationefforts.11.WhichcanbestdescribeSteveHussey’sattitudetowardstheclimatecrisis?A.Optimistic. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Skeptical.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了高温导致树木异常落叶的“虚假秋天”现象对野生动物的威胁，并提出了多项保护建议，此外专家强调气候危机正在破坏自然的季节性规律。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“TheDevonWildlifeTrustsaidtreeshadbeencastingoffleavesabouttwomonthsearlybecauseofrecenthotweather.(德文郡野生动物信托基金会表示，由于近期高温天气，树木提前约两个月落叶)”可知，今年树木的落叶比往年早是因为树木面临异常高温压力。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Italsosaidusualwildfoodsforbirdsandmammalsmayreduceasaresult—withberriesandnutshavingbeenappearingmuchearlierthanusual,withmanyreportedtobesmallerand“lessjuicy”thannormal.(该机构还表示，鸟类和哺乳动物通常食用的野生食物可能会因此减少——浆果和坚果出现的时间比平时早得多，据报道，许多浆果和坚果比平时更小，“汁液更少”)”可推知，炎热天气下，野生食物面临着产量不足的问题。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“StaffinDWTsaidthat,despitesomerecentrain,peopleshouldputoutregularsuppliesofwateringardens,plushighenergyfoods,tohelpwildlife.Torelievetheseimpacts,conservationistsremendcreatingwildlifefriendlyhabitatsbyplantingnativebushesandleavingfallenleavesasnaturalprotection.Additionally,settingupextrafeedingstationswithnutrientrichfoodslikesunflowerseedscanprovidecrucialsupport.munityledinitiatives,suchaswildlifewateringprograms,arealsobeingencouragedtohelpspeciesadapttotheseshiftingconditions.(DWT的工作人员说，尽管最近有些降雨，但人们应该在花园中定期提供水和高能量食物，以帮助野生动物。为了减轻这些影响，自然资源保护主义者建议通过种植本地灌木和留下落叶作为自然保护来创造野生动物友好的栖息地。此外，用葵花籽等营养丰富的食物建立额外的喂养站可以提供至关重要的支持。也鼓励社区主导的倡议，如野生动物浇水计划，以帮助物种适应这些变化的条件)”可知，本段聚焦帮助野生动物的多种措施，包括提供水和高能量食物、种植本地灌木和保留落叶、设立营养喂食站和鼓励社区项目。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中SteveHussey所说的话“Nature’stimingiseverythingforourwildlife.Theclimatecrisisisbringingwithitseasonalweatherpatternswhichourwildlifeisjustnotadaptedto.Ourlong,hotsummerandthefalseautumnwillhaveaknockonformanyspeciesrightintotherealautumnmonthsandbeyond.(大自然的时机决定了野生动物的一切。气候危机带来了季节性的天气模式，我们的野生动物还不适应。我们漫长而炎热的夏季和虚假的秋季将对许多物种产生连锁反应，一直到真正的秋季甚至更长时间)”可知，他强调气候危机对野生动物的负面影响，体现担忧的态度。故选B项。DInthewaters150kilometerssoutheastofSanyaHainanprovince,lietwoancientshipwrecks(沉船)fromtheMingDynasty.Named“NorthwestContinentalSlopeNo.1andNo.2ShipwrecksintheSouthChinaSea”,thesewellpreservedsitesholdawealthofculturaltreasures.“Thisdiscoveryisamajorachievementindeepseaarchaeology,”saidSongJianzhongfromtheNationalCenterforArchaeology.No.1shipwreckmeasures37metersby11meters,withover100,000culturalrelics,includingpottery(陶器)andmetalitems,hiddenundersand.Signsonsomepotterypiecesprovidecluesabouttheirorigin.No.2shipwreck,locatedabout20kilometersfromNo.1,hasacoreareacontainingmanylogs,aswellasanotherareawithpotteryandshells.Thestablephysicochemicalpropertiesofseawaterandpottery’sresistancetodecay(抗腐蚀性)havepreservedthesetreasuresforcenturies,notedLiJian’anfromtheFujianMuseum.TheshipwrecksarethrowinglightontradealongtheancientMaritimeSilkRoad.InaseriesofinvestigationsfromMay2023,researchersrecovered928culturalrelics.TheexplorationconfirmedthatNo.1shipwreckcarriedpotteryforexport,whileNo.2transportedwoodshomeward.Thearchaeologicalteam,usingstateofthearttechnologylikethemannedsubmersibleShenhaiYongshi,conducted63divestoexplorethesites.Thesubmersible’sadvancedsystemsallowedexact3Dchartingandgentleextractionofthetreasures.Environmentalresearcharoundtheshipwrecksprovideddataforunderstandingtheecosystem.“Theshipwrecks’harmoniousrelationshipwithundersealifehasdevelopedauniqueunderwaterecosystem,”saidSong.Over200individualscontributedtothearchaeologicalefforts,establishingguidelinesforfuturedeepseaexplorations.“TheexplorationfullyshowstheintegrationofChina’sdeepseatechnologyandunderwaterarchaeology,markingasignificantstepforwardtowardsinternationaladvancedlevels,”saidGuanQiang,assistantdirectoroftheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministration.SelectedtreasuresweredisplayedattheChina(Hainan)MuseumoftheSouthChinaSea.Advancedtechnologieswillrestoreandvirtuallydisplaytheshipwrecks,offeringavividsceneofthesites.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthetwoshipwrecks?A.Theystorealargenumberofgoldandsilverantiques.B.TheyarethebestpreservedshipwrecksinChinesewaters.C.TheyprovidealookintoancientMaritimeSilkRoadtrade.D.Theywerefoundthroughtraditionalarchaeologicalsurveys.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stateoftheart”inParagraph3mean?A.Average. B.Fashionable. C.Pioneering. D.Outdated.14.Whatisthesignificanceoftheshipwreckexploration?A.Ithelpsfindtheoldestshipwrecks.B.Itcreatesarecordfordeepseaprojects.C.Itleadstothediscoveryofover200culturalrelicsforresearch.D.Itreflectsprogressinbinationofdeepseatechnologyandarchaeology.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Showthepast:shipwrecksanddeepseaarchaeologyB.Shallowwaters:amazingdiscoveriesinseaarchaeologyC.ShipwrecksshowthedownturnoftheMaritimeSilkRoadD.Moderntechnologychallengesinunderwaterarchaeology【答案】12.C13.C14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了海南三亚东南海域发现的两处明代沉船遗址，包括沉船概况、出土文物、保存原因、勘探技术及勘探的意义与后续展示计划。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheshipwrecksarethrowinglightontradealongtheancientMaritimeSilkRoad.(这些沉船为了解古代海上丝绸之路的贸易情况提供了线索。)”可知，这两处沉船让人们得以了解古代海上丝绸之路的贸易情况。故选C。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Thearchaeologicalteam,usingstateofthearttechnologylikethemannedsubmersibleShenhaiYongshi,conducted63divestoexplorethesites.Thesubmersible’sadvancedsystemsallowedexact3Dchartingandgentleextractionofthetreasures.(考古队使用“深海勇士”号载人潜水器等stateoftheart技术，进行了63次下潜勘探。该潜水器的先进系统能够实现精确的三维测绘和文物的轻柔提取。)”可知，后文提到的“深海勇士”号潜水器具有先进系统，由此可推知“stateoftheart”意为“尖端的、开创性的”。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“TheexplorationfullyshowstheintegrationofChina’sdeepseatechnologyandunderwaterarchaeology,markingasignificantstepforwardtowardsinternationaladvancedlevels.(此次勘探充分展现了中国深海技术与水下考古的融合，标志着中国在该领域向国际先进水平迈出了重要一步。)”可知，沉船勘探的意义在于体现了深海技术与考古学结合的进步。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章围绕海南三亚东南海域的明代沉船展开，介绍了沉船发现的意义、使用尖端技术进行勘探的过程，以及勘探成果和后续展示等内容，核心是沉船与深海考古的关联。选项A“展现过往：沉船与深海考古”准确概括了文章核心内容，适合用作标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EatingalittlelessofcertainmeatcandoalotofgoodAwayofcuttingdownontheamountofmeatconsumptionisgainingpopularity.____16____.Theyacknowledgethechallengesofgivingupmeatentirely,butstilllimitmeatproductswherepossible.Ifthissoundsgoodtoyou,hereareseveralsimplethingsyoucantry.Eatmoreplants____17____.Animalproductsoftentaketheplaceoffreshfruitsandvegetables,leadingtoanincreasedriskofabsenceinnutrientsfromfruits,vegetables,andwholegrains.Amoreplantbaseddietcanhelplowertheriskofhealthproblemsincludingheartdisease,colon(结肠)cancer,andobesity.ChoosebettermeatThetypeofmeatyoubuymatters.Grassfedandgrassfinishedmeatoptionstendtobethemoresustainableoptions.____18____U.S.raisedle,Brazil—oneoftheworld’slargestbeefexporters—clearsvastamountsofrainforesttoraisecattle.Asaresult,asteakfromthatcountrycanhavemorethantentimestheclimateimpactofU.S.raisedbeef.____19____Foodproductslikesausagesaremadethroughmanyindustrialstepsandareheavilypackagedinplastic.And,themselves,they’renotverygoodforyourhealth.Butthere’smore.Areportreviewedjusthowenvironmentallydamagingtheseconvenient,lowcost,andtypicallylownutrientfoodsare.LookforlocalproduceGettingfoodlocallyisagreatwaytosupportyourlocalfarmersandthelocaleconomy.Butitcanbedifficulttosourceeverythinglocally,soexpertssaythatwhenyou’retryingtoshopmoresustainably,youshouldpayattentiontowhichproductsrequireairtransport.Someitemslikeberriesandgreenbeanscanhaveacarbonfootprint50timesgreaterthanfoodthattravelsbyboat.____20____.A.SourcesustainableseafoodB.AvoidhighlyprocessedmeatC.ItisadvisedthatyoutryfrozenversionsinsteadD.PayingattentiontowhereyourmeatoriginatesisalsoimportantE.AnimalsusedfortheirmeatshouldberaisedinasustainablewayF.TheothersideofeatinglessmeatiseatingmorewholeplantfoodsG.paredwithvegetarians,morepeopletakeamoreflexibleapproach【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种日益流行的减少肉类消费的方式，即不彻底放弃肉类但尽可能限制肉制品摄入，并从多吃植物、选择优质肉类、避免加工肉类、寻找本地农产品四个方面给出了具体建议。【16题详解】上文“Awayofcuttingdownontheamountofmeatconsumptionisgainingpopularity.(一种减少肉类消费的方法正日益流行。)”说明减少肉类消费的某种方式受到欢迎。G项“与素食者相比，更多人采取了更灵活的方式。”引出下文“

Theyacknowledgethechallengesofgivingupmeatentirely,butstilllimitmeatproductswherepossible.(他们承认完全放弃肉类并非易事，但仍尽可能减少肉类产品的摄入量。)”这种流行方式的具体表现——非彻底素食的灵活模式。故选G。【17题详解】上文“Eatmoreplants(多吃植物)”是该段主题句，说明本段围绕“多吃植物”展开。F项“少吃肉的另一方面是多吃全植物性食物。”直接呼应主题句，建立“少吃肉”与“多吃植物”的关联。故选F。【18题详解】上文“Grassfedandgrassfinishedmeatoptionstendtobethemoresustainableoptions.(用草喂养且全程以草为食的肉类往往是更具可持续性的选择。)”说明肉类的养殖方式影响其可持续性。D项“关注你所吃肉类的产地也很重要。”承接上文，拓展了选择优质肉类的另一个维度——产地，后文“U.S.raised,Brazil—oneoftheworld’slargestbeefexporters—clearsvastamountsofrainforesttoraisecattle.Asaresult,asteakfromthatcountrycanhavemorethantentimestheclimateimpactofU.S.raisedbeef.(例如，巴西是全球最大的牛肉出口国之一，该国为了饲养牛群而大面积砍伐雨林。因此，该国生产的牛排所产生的气候影响要比美国生产的牛肉高出十倍以上。)”以巴西牛肉和美国牛肉的气候影响对比为例，具体印证了产地的重要性。故选D。【19题详解】下文“Foodproductslikesausagesaremadethroughmanyindustrialstepsandareheavilypackagedinplastic.And,itself,they’renotverygoodforyourhealth.Butthere’smore.Areportreviewedjusthowenvironmentallydamagingtheseconvenient,lowcost,andtypicallylownutrientfoodsare.(像香肠这样的食品是通过许多工业步骤制成的，并且用塑料重度包装。而且，它们本身对你的健康也不是很好。但还有更多。一份报告回顾了这些方便、低成本、通常低营养的食物对环境的破坏程度。)”说明经过工业加工的肉类存在健康和环境问题。B项“避免高度加工的肉类。”作为该段主题句，精准概括后文核心内容。故选B。【20题详解】上文“Someitemslikeberriesandgreenbeanscanhaveacarbonfootprint50timesgreaterthanfoodthattravelsbyboat.(一些食物，如浆果和青豆，其碳足迹可能是乘船运输的食物的50倍。)”说明部分需空运的本地难购农产品碳足迹高。C项“建议你尝试冷冻版本的替代。”针对前文问题给出解决方案，逻辑上形成问题与对策的衔接。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringaworkbreaklastspring,IwascheckingmyFacebookwhenInoticedafriendrequestamongthenotifications(通知).WhenIlookedmoreclosely,Iwas____21____toseemygrandmother’spicturenexttoit.“BarbaraHaywoodsentyouafriendrequest,”thenotificationstated.Atfirst,Ithoughtitwasa____22____butthenIstartedtowonderifsomeonehadopenedanaccountinhername.Icalledmymom.“IhaveafriendrequestfromMammie.Isitreallyher?”Iasked.“Itis,”mymom____23____.ShesaidmyuncleBusterhadhelpedhersetuptheaccount.“Thatissoamazing,”Isaid.ImmediatelyIwroteawelemessageonmygrandmother’spage.MammielearnedaboutFacebook____24____.Shefirstjust“liked”familypictures.Afterawhile,she____25____howtoment.Herproficiencyisn’twhatmatters.It’sthefactthatsheisonsocialmediaandhasdaily____26____topicturesofherfamilythatmatters.Ourlargefamilylivesfairlyclose,butweall____27____busylives.ThoughweinviteMammietoevents,herlackofmobility____28____herattendance.NowwithFacebook,shedoesn’tmissathing.Shekeepsupwiththelatestfamily____29____andviewsvacationpictures.However,shehasaspecialwayofmenting.Shecallsusallherlittlebabiesandalways_____30_____herments,“Love,Mammie.”AfriendaskedmetheotherdayifIwould_____31_____herthatsheneedn’tleavehersignature.“Isureamnot,”Itoldmyfriend.“Shecanuseithowevershewants.I’mnot_____32_____asinglethingshedoes.”Herunique_____33_____makeshermorebelovedinoureyes.Thisexperiencemakesme_____34_____technology’spower:itisnotaboutthemost_____35_____features,butaboutconnectingpeoplewelove.21.A.relieved B.disappointed C.astonished D.ashamed22.A.expectation B.blessing C.proof D.joke23.A.suspected B.explained C.confirmed D.interrupted24.A.gradually B.suddenly C.frequently D.officially25.A.gaveup B.figuredout C.insistedon D.cameacross26.A.key B.solution C.introduction D.access27.A.spare B.waste C.lead D.save28.A.improves B.limits C.guarantees D.examines29.A.traditions B.secrets C.trends D.budgets30.A.signs B.writes C.delivers D.reads31.A.inform B.blame C.persuade D.order32.A.declining B.praising C.criticizing D.remembering33.A.prehension B.practice C.cooperation D.management34.A.doubt B.overlook C.appreciate D.accept35.A.expensive B.reliable C.detailed D.advanced【答案】21.C22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.B29.C30.A31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了去年春天收到祖母芭芭拉的Facebook好友请求时的惊讶经历。原来在叔叔的帮助下，年事已高、行动不便的祖母学会了使用社交媒体，从最初只是点赞家人照片，到后来掌握评论功能，用独特的方式与家人互动。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我仔细看时，惊讶地发现旁边是我祖母的照片。A.relieved放心的；B.disappointed失望的；C.astonished惊讶的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“Atfirst,Ithoughtitwasa2butthenIstartedtowonderifsomeonehadopenedanaccountinhername”可知，作者从未想过祖母会使用Facebook，收到好友请求时感到十分“惊讶”，故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初我以为是个玩笑，但后来我开始怀疑是不是有人用她的名字注册了账号。A.expectation期待；B.blessing祝福；C.proof证据；D.joke玩笑。根据前文“seemygrandmother’spicturenexttoit”及后文“Istartedtowonderifsomeonehadopenedanaccountinhername”可知，作者最初觉得祖母使用Facebook是不现实的，认为这是个“玩笑”，故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是她，”我妈妈确认道。A.suspected怀疑；B.explained解释；C.confirmed确认；D.interrupted打断。根据前文作者询问“Isitreallyher?”（真的是她吗？）及后文“ShesaidmyuncleBusterhadhelpedhersetuptheaccount”（她说巴斯特叔叔帮她注册了账号）可知，妈妈是在“确认”好友请求确实来自祖母，故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：祖母逐渐学会了使用Facebook。A.gradually逐渐地；B.suddenly突然地；C.frequently频繁地；D.officially正式地。根据后文“Shefirstjust“liked”familypictures.Afterawhile,she5howtoment”可知，祖母是“逐渐地”掌握Facebook的使用方法，从简单操作到复杂功能逐步推进，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：过了一段时间，她学会了如何评论。A.gaveup放弃；B.figured