湖北省2026年初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2026年湖北省初中学业水平考试模拟试卷英语（满分90分，考试用时100分钟）★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。笔试部分（90分）一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，填入空白处。WhileIwasdrivingmycarinasmallColoradotown,Istoppedasagroupofpeoplecrossedtheroad.AsIwatched,Iathin,poorlydressedoldlady.Shewastakingasuitcase(行李箱)andwalkedslowly.Shemanagedtocarryitforseveralmetersbeforesettingitdownontheground.Aftertryingseveraltimes,shewasstillwonderinghowtodealwithitthetrafficstartedtomoveagain.HavingexperiencedsimilarsituationsinthepastwhenItravelled,Istoppedmycarbesideherandthroughthewindow,“Excuseme.Wouldyoulikea?”Shestopped,lookedatmewithafeelingofandthenstartedtowalkuncertainlytowardme,pullinghersuitcasehard.“Ifyouwanttotellmewhereyou’regoing,I’lldropyouoff.Thatsuitcaselooksheavy,”Isaid.“Well,allright,”shejustansweredinavoice.Andafterwehadbothliftedhersuitcaseintothebackofmycar,shegotintothecarandsatonthefrontseataword.Iwantedtostartaconversationwhichseemsa,exceptfordirectionstoherdestination(目的地).Whenwearrivedthereandgothersuitcasedown,sheherhandintoapocket,saying,“HowmuchshouldIyou?Idon’thaveenoughmoney.”Surprised,Isaid,“Nothing.Iwasverygladtobeabletohelpyou.”Herexpressionchangedatonceshelookedatmeunbelievably.“Well,thankyou,lady.Noonehasbeentomelikethatbefore.Godblessyou.”Thenshedisappeareddownthestreet,whilewarmrosefrommyheart.1．A．visited B．noticed C．caught D．minded2．A．beautiful B．light C．small D．heavy3．A．until B．if C．when D．while4．A．goton B．gaveup C．lookedfor D．calledout5．A．ride B．map C．talk D．rest6．A．guess B．doubt C．agreement D．happiness7．A．easily B．awfully C．hardly D．fully8．A．happy B．warm C．cold D．sharp9．A．without B．in C．with D．by10．A．success B．blow C．fool D．failure11．A．drew B．shook C．dug D．raised12．A．spend B．pay C．award D．take13．A．or B．yet C．but D．and14．A．kind B．wild C．right D．strict15．A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。ABesidesgoingoutintonaturebyyourself,thenextbestthingistoknowitthroughthepagesofabook.Butwheretostart?CheckoutourbooklistsfromChinaandotherplacesbelow!DiscovertheSecretsofTreesByNancyR.Hugo,USInherbook,DiscovertheSecretsofTrees,NancyR.Hugoshowsyouthatthere’smuchmoretoatreethanwhatmeetstheeye.Sheshowsyouhowtolookpasttheleavestofindoftenoverlooked(被忽视的)things,suchasatree’sflowersandfruits.Writtenineasy-to-understandlanguage,thebookalsoincludesclose-ups(特写)andwholetreephotos.ThePeregrineByJohnA.Baker,UKFromautumntospring,BakerfollowedsomeperegrinesinEngland,writingdowntheirlivesandtheenvironmenttheylivein.Likethebirditself,Bakerhasacarefuleyefordetail.Thebird’smostexcitingmoments,likefastflyingandcatchinganimals,arebroughttolifebyBaker.Thelanguageofthebookisalsosimpletounderstand.LivingasaNaturalistByLiuHuajie,ChinaNaturalhistorymightseemlikeabigsubjecttothinkabout.ButLivingasaNaturalistmakesnaturalhistoryinterestingandunderstandabletoall.Liuusesflowersandplantsasawaytobringnaturalhistoryintoourdailylives.Westarttomoredeeplyunderstandnatureandourinteractions(互动)withit.16．Inwhichpicturecanweknowsomethingabouttrees?A． B． C． D．17．WhycanwedeeplyunderstandnatureinLivingasaNaturalist?A．BecauseLiuusesflowersandplantsinthebook.B．BecauseLiuusesmanyoverlookedthingsinhisbook.C．BecauseLiuwritesdowntheirlivesandenvironmentinhisbook.D．BecauseLiuuseseasy-to-understandlanguageinthebook.18．Whichoneistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．NancyR.Hugohasacarefuleyefordetail. B．DiscovertheSecretsofTreesisonlyaboutatree.C．LivingasaNaturalistmakeshistoryinteresting. D．ThePeregrineiswrittenbyJohnA.Baker,UK.19．Whatdoallthesebookshaveincommon?A．Theyfocusonclose-ups. B．Theyincludealotofpictures.C．Theyarealleasytounderstand. D．TheyareaboutChinesenature.20．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．Totellustogooutsideandexplorenature.B．Tosuggestsomegoodbooksaboutnaturetoread.C．Tocomparebooksfromdifferentcountries.D．Toteachusaboutnaturalhistory.BDoyouknowsomethingaboutthefirstAfrican-Americanwomanastronaut?ShewasMae.Whenshewasyoung,shetookdanceclassesinhersparetime.Manyofherfriendsenjoyeddancingandhopedtobedancerswhentheygrewup.Maedidnothavethesamedreamastheotherkids.Instead,Maedreamedofbecomingascientist.Fewwomenhadjobsasscientistsinthe1960s.ButMaedidnotletthattroubleher.Sheimaginedflyinginspace.Sheknewthatsomedayshewouldbeanastronautthroughherhardwork.Sheoncesaid,“Thatisn’tmyonlydream.Iwanttoknowmanyotherthings”.Maestudiedscienceincollege.Shealsostudiedlanguages.Aftershegotherdegree,shejoinedthePeaceCorpsasadoctorandtreatedpeopleinAfrica.WhenMaereturnedhome,shestillwantedtovisitspace.Shetriedtogetintothenationalspaceprogram,butshewasnotchosen.Maedidn’tgiveup.Aftershetriedtwice,shesucceededinpassingalltheexamsandwasaccepted.In1987,Maebegantrainingtoflyinaspaceshuttle(航天飞机).Finally,in1992,shewaspickedtoflyinspace.Maeandsixothersgotonthespaceshuttle.Ittookoff,andsoontheywereinspace.Theastronautsallhadtoexercisesotheirbodieswouldstaystrong.Maehadjobsontheshuttle.Sherantestsonbonecells.Shehadfrogsandfrogeggsintheshuttle’slab.Shewatchedtoseeifspacechangedhowtheygrew.Herstudywouldhelpfindwaystotreatsickpeople.Afteraweek,theshuttlereturnedsafely.MaebecamethefirstAfrican-Americanwomanastronaut.Onthewaytoachievingherdream,Maemetmanydifficulties,butshedidn’tgiveup.Whatagreatgirlshewas!Yousee,ifyouarebraveandsticktoyourdreams,youwillgetsomethingwonderful.21．Thewriterstartsthepassageby______.A．askinganumberofquestions B．providingbackgroundinformationC．listingandcomparingnumbers D．showinganexampleofthetopic22．WhichofthefollowingistherightorderaboutMae’slifeaccordingtothepassage?①Shetookdanceclasseswithotherpeople.

②ShejoinedthePeaceGroupasadoctor.③Shebegantoflyinspace.

④Shestudiedscienceincollege.A．③②①④ B．①④③② C．①④②③ D．②①③④23．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ran”mean?A．performed B．found C．changed D．tried24．Thepassageismainlyabout______.A．theAmericanastronauts B．Mae’sdreamC．theAmericanspaceprogram D．thewaystobeanastronaut25．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Manyhandsmakelightwork. B．Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.C．Hangonandyouwillbesuccessful. D．Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.C①Chinesepeoplesleeplessthan7hourspernightandgotobedonaverageafter00:00a.m.,withanaveragesleepduration(持续时间)of6.75hourspernight,accordingtothe2024ChineseNationalHealthySleepWhitePaper.②Thereportwasbasedonastudyofover10,000people.Thereportshowedthat28percentofrespondents(调查对象)sleeplessthan6hoursand64percenthavepoorsleepquality.Mostpeoplehaveexperiencedsleepproblemssuchaseasyawakenings,earlyawakeningsandhavingtroublefallingasleep,thereportsaid.③Thereportalsofoundthat59percentofrespondentssufferfromsleeplessnesswhileonly19percenthavenosleepdisorders.Only29percentofrespondentsgotobedbefore23:00p.m.while47percentgotobedafter00:00a.m.and13percentdosoafter2:00a.m.Amongthem,thepost-00sgenerationhasanaveragebedtimeof00:33a.m.whilethepre-1970shasanaveragebedtimeof23:02p.m.Pre-and-post-1970soldpeopleoftencan’tsleepforalongtimeandwakeupmanytimesatnightwhilethepost-00sandpost-90sgenerationshavetroublefallingasleep.Intermsofuniversitystudents,56percentusetheirsmartphonesformorethan8hourseveryday.51percentgotobedafter00:00a.m.and19percentdosoafter2:00a.m.Thesleepdurationofofficeworkersonnon-workingdaysis33minuteslongerthanthatofworkingdays.④Thereportalsoshowedthataperson’slifestyleisrelatedtothequalityoftheirsleep.Peoplewhoexerciseregularly(monthlyexercisemorethan10times)tendtogotobedandwakeupearly.⑤Asaresult,weshouldpaymoreattentiontothesleepproblem.Haveahealthylifestyleandmakesureofenoughsleeptime.What’smore,exerciseregularlyanddrinkless.26．Accordingtothestudy,howmanypeoplehavepoorsleepquality?A．1,900. B．2,800. C．5,600. D．6,400.27．WhichoneisTRUEbasedonthereport?A．57percentofrespondentsgotobedafter00:00a.m.B．thepost-90sgenerationhastroublefallingasleep.C．thepost-00sgenerationalwaysgoestobedat00:33a.m.D．56percentofuniversitystudentsusetheirsmartphonesfor8hours.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A．Non-workingdays. B．Officeworkers. C．Sleepduration. D．Workingdays.29．Whichistherightstructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．30．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．SleepWell,LiveHappily B．YouShouldGetEnoughSleepC．FactsaboutChineseSleepProblem D．TheSleepProblemofthePost-00s第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，从方框内所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有一项多余）Afewyearsago,Sophiapostedaninvitationtoherbirthdaypartyonline.31.Onthatday,herbirthdaypartybecameanightmare(噩梦)because500peopleattendedherparty.Mostteensthinktheyknoweverythingaboutsocialmedia,andthatthingslikethiscouldneverhappentothem.Butmanyyoungpeoplegotintotroublebecauseoftheironlineactivities.32.Noneofthemcanmakesure100%Internetsafety,butallofthemwillhelpyoutobesaferonline.Sharewithcare!Noteveryonewilllikewhatyouwriteonline.Thinkbeforeyoupostsomething.Youcannevercompletelycontrolwhoseesyourtextsoryourpictures.33:“Howwilltheyfeelifmyfamilyorteachersseethis?”and“Howmightthispostbebadformeinthree,fiveortenyearsfromnow?”34.Imaginesomeoneisunfriendlyinreallife.Youdon’tlikeit,right?Well,thesameistrueofonlinecommunication.Politenessmattersalot,andanyonecanbepolite.Noonelikesitwhenyou“shout”inyourmessages.Protectandrespect.Don’tshareyourpasswords(密码)withanyone.35.Watchoutfor“cyberbullying(网络欺凌)”—don’tspreaduntruenewsaboutotherpeople,anddon’tspeakillofothers.A．BepolitewhenyouwriteB．HerearesomeimportanttipsC．Shepostedheraddress,tooD．Don’tpostyourhomeaddressonlineE．CareaboutyourpersonalinformationF．Beforeposting,youshouldaskyourselftwoquestions三、短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。happy

relax

first

nothing

mean

beautiful

separate

use

joy

dish客至杜甫舍南舍北皆春水，但见群鸥日日来。花径不曾缘客扫，蓬门今始为君开。盘飧市远无兼味，樽酒家贫只旧醅。肯与邻翁相对饮，隔篱呼取尽馀杯。ForaFriend(DuFu)Northandsouthofmycottagewindsspringwatergreen;Iseebutflocksofgullscomingfromdaytoday.Thefootpathstrewnwithfallenbloomsisnotsweptclean;Mywicketgateisopenedbutforyoutoday.Farfrommarket,Icanaffordbutsimpledish;Beingnotrich,I’veonlyoldwineforourcup.Todrinkwithmyneighborifyouwish,I’llcallhimoverthefencetofinishthecup.Friendsareimportantinourlives.Butforachievingdreamsandbetterlives,peoplesometimeshaveto36fromtheirfriends.Thenwhatwilltheyfeelwhentheyseeeachotheragain?ForTangDynastypoetDuFu(712—770),it37greathappiness,whichissupportedbyhispoemForaFriend.AftermovingtoChengdu,Duliveda38life.Thougheverythingaroundhimwere39,hefeltlonelysometimesbecauseallthatheoftensawwas40butgroupsofgulls(鸥).Sowhenheknewafriendwouldvisithim,Dufeltexcitedandtriedhisbesttotreatthefriend.Beingfarfromamarket,hecouldonlypreparesimple41.Beingnotrich,heonlyhadoldwinetoofferhisfriend.Whendrinking42,hewouldliketoinvitehisneighbortodrinktogether.TheselivelydescriptionshelpreaderslearnDu’s43ofmeetinganoldfriendwithhospitality(好客).Actually,hospitalityisnotonlyaqualityofDu’s,butalsoofChina’s.ChinesePresidentXiJinpingusedthefamoussaying“Isn’titadelight(快乐)tohavefriendscomingfromafar?”ininternationalmeetingsmorethanonce.AsBeijingbecametheworld’s44“dual(双的)Olympiccity”,thesentenceisalso45byallChinesepeopletoshowtheirwarmwelcometopeoplearoundtheworld.四、读写结合（共两节，满分25分）第一节任务型阅读（共5小题，46，47，49每小题2分，48小题1分，50小题3分，满分10分）阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求）Manystudiesshowrighthobbiescanbenefitusalot.Theycanreducestress,andimprovemood,health,lifesatisfactionandevenhearthealth.Butwhatquestionsshouldweconsiderwhenchoosinghobbies?Howdoyouchoosetherighthobby?Startwithwhatyouenjoyedinthepast.Didyouonceplayfootball?Takeitupagainorstartsomethingelsethatsatisfiesyourspiritorthefun.Trysomethingandifyoufinditisn’tforyou,stopandtakeupsomethingelse.Whichactivitiesaregoodforphysicalhealth?It’sclearthatexercisebringsbenefitsforhealth.Evensimplefastwalkingcanbegoodforyourhealth.Dancingisagreatcardioworkout(有氧运动).ASwedishstudyfoundbothgardeningandDIYcouldreducetheriskofaheartattackbyupto30percentamongtheover-sixties.Whichhobbieshelpyourelax?Gettingoutinnatureisgreatforrelaxing,whetheryou’rehikingordoingsomethinglessactive.Yogacanimproveyourmoodandcheeryouup,aswellasimprovestrength.Whichactivitieskeepyourmindactive?Learningalanguageoraninstrumentandplayingboardgamescansurelymakeit.Oldersingershavebetterlanguageflexibility(灵活性)thanpeopleofasimilaragewhodon’tsing,accordingtoarecentFinnishstudy.Besides,boardgamesareperhapsmoresociablethanplayingtheviolin!Sochooseoneyoulovetokeepyourmindactive.46．Thepassagemainlytalksabout.（不超过10词）47．AccordingtoParagraph3,activitieslikebringbenefitsforhealth.（列举两项，不超过10词）48．Doingsomethinglessactivecanhelppeople.（不超过5词）49．HowdoyoukeepyourmindactiveinParagraph5?（不超过10词）50．What’syourhobby?Whatbenefitscanyougetfromit?（不超过20词）第二节书面表达（共1题，满分15分）51．假设你是李华，收到英国笔友Mike的来信，请你用英语回信给Mike，对他在信中所提到的烦恼给出2—3条建议。80词左右。文中不得出现真实姓名与校名。DearLiHua,Inmydailylife,Ican’tcontrolmyselffromusingmyphonemore.Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutanddoexercise.Idon’tknowwhattodointhefuture.WhatshouldIdo?Mike,EnglandDearMike,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Allthebest,LiHua答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．B2．D3．C4．D5．A6．B7．B8．C9．A10．D11．C12．B13．D14．A15．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在开车时看到一位拿着沉重行李箱的老妇人，主动提出送她一程。在帮助她到达目的地并拒绝收费后，老妇人表达了感激之情，这让作者内心充满了温暖。1．句意：当我观察的时候，我注意到一个瘦弱、衣着简陋的老妇人。visited参观；noticed注意到；caught抓住；minded介意。根据“AsIwatched”和后文描述可知，作者是在观察人群时“注意到”这位老妇人，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。2．句意：她拿着一个沉重的行李箱，走得很慢。beautiful美丽的；light轻的；small小的；heavy重的。根据“Shemanagedtocarryitforseveralmetersbeforesettingitdownontheground.”和“Thatsuitcaselooks...heavy”可知，行李箱很重。故选D。3．句意：试了好几次之后，她还是不知道该如何处理它，这时交通又开始移动了。until直到；if如果；when当……时；while当……时（后接延续性动词）。根据语境，老妇人尝试了好几次还是不知道怎么搬箱子，这时车流又开始移动了。“thetrafficstartedtomove”是短暂性动作，用when引导时间状语从句。故选C。4．句意：我过去旅行时也遇到过类似的情况，于是我把车停在她旁边，从车窗探出头来喊道：“对不起。您想搭个便车吗？”goton上车；gaveup放弃；lookedfor寻找；calledout喊道。根据“throughthewindow”可知，应该是从车窗“喊道”。故选D。5．句意：您想搭个便车吗？ride便车；map地图；talk谈话；rest休息。根据“Istoppedmycarbesideher”和“Ifyouwanttotellmewhereyou’regoing,I’lldropyouoff.”可知，作者是问老妇人是否想搭个“便车”。故选A。6．句意：她停了下来，带着怀疑的神情看着我，然后不确定地向我走来，使劲拉着她的行李箱。guess猜测；doubt怀疑；agreement同意；happiness高兴。根据“thenstartedtowalkuncertainlytowardme”可知，老妇人不确定作者的意图，所以是带着“怀疑”的神情。故选B。7．句意：那个手提箱看起来非常重。easily容易地；awfully非常，很；hardly几乎不；fully充分地。根据“Shewastakinga...suitcase(行李箱)andwalkedslowly.”和“Thatsuitcaselooks...heavy”可知，行李箱“非常”重，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。8．句意：“嗯，好吧，”她只是冷冷地回答。happy高兴的；warm温暖的；cold冷淡的；sharp尖锐的。根据“thenstartedtowalkuncertainlytowardme”和“Well,allright”可知，老妇人此时对作者还有怀疑，所以是“冷淡地”回答。故选C。9．句意：等我们都把她的箱子抬到车后座后，她上了车，一句话也没说就坐在前排座位上。without没有；in在……里；with和；by通过。根据“shegotintothecarandsatonthefrontseat...aword”可知，老妇人“没说话”就坐在了前排座位上，用without表示伴随。故选A。10．句意：我想开始一段对话，但似乎除了告诉她去目的地的方向外，都失败了。success成功；blow吹；fool傻瓜；failure失败。根据“exceptfordirectionstoherdestination”可知，此处指对话都“失败”了，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。11．句意：当我们到达那里并把她的行李箱拿下来时，她把手伸进口袋。drew拉，抽；shook摇动；dug挖，掏；raised举起。根据后文“herhandintoapocket”可知，老妇人把手伸进口袋里，想拿钱给作者，digone’shandinto...是固定搭配，意为“把手伸进……”。故选C。12．句意：当我们到达那里，把她的箱子拿下来时，她把手伸进口袋说：“我该付你多少钱？我没有足够的钱。”spend花费；pay支付；award奖励；take拿。根据“HowmuchshouldI...you?”和“Idon’thaveenoughmoney.”可知，老妇人问该“支付”作者多少钱，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。13．句意：当她难以置信地看着我时，她的表情立刻变了。or或者；yet然而；but但是；and和。根据“Herexpressionchangedatonce...shelookedatmeunbelievably.”可知，此处表示顺承关系，用and连接。故选D。14．句意：以前没有人对我这么好。kind善良的；wild野生的；right正确的；strict严格的。根据“Iwasverygladtobeabletohelpyou.”和“Noonehasbeen...tomelikethatbefore.”可知，作者帮助了老妇人，所以老妇人认为作者很“善良”，其他选项不符合语境。故选A。15．句意：然后她消失在街上，而我心中涌起一股暖流。nothing没有什么；anything任何东西；something某物；everything一切。根据“Thenshedisappeareddownthestreet,while...warmrosefrommyheart.”可知，作者心中涌起一股暖流，用something表示“某物”，为肯定含义。故选C。16．B17．A18．D19．C20．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三本关于自然的书，包括书名、作者、国籍以及书籍内容的简要介绍，旨在向读者推荐这些书以了解自然。16．细节理解题。根据第一本书“DiscovertheSecretsofTrees”的简介“Inherbook,DiscovertheSecretsofTrees,NancyR.Hugoshowsyouthatthere’smuchmoretoatreethanwhatmeetstheeye.”可知，这本书是关于树木的。故选B。17．细节理解题。根据第三本书“LivingasaNaturalist”的描述：“Liuusesflowersandplantsasawaytobringnaturalhistoryintoourdailylives.Westarttomoredeeplyunderstandnatureandourinteractionswithit.”可知，读者之所以能更深入理解自然，是因为作者用花草植物作为切入点，帮助我们更深入地理解自然。故选A。18．细节理解题。根据第二本书“ThePeregrine”的简介“ByJohnA.Baker,UK”可知，该书作者是英国的JohnA.Baker。D项表述正确。故选D。19．推理判断题。通读三本书的简介，第一本书中“Writtenineasy-to-understandlanguage”，第二本书中“Thelanguageofthebookisalsosimpletounderstand”，第三本书中“makesnaturalhistoryinterestingandunderstandabletoall”。因此，它们的共同点是都易于理解。故选C。20．主旨大意题。文章开头指出“Besidesgoingoutintonaturebyyourself,thenextbestthingistoknowitthroughthepagesofabook.Butwheretostart?Checkoutourbooklists...”明确表明写作目的是推荐几本关于自然的好书供读者阅读。选项B“建议一些值得阅读的自然类书籍”准确概括了这一意图。故选B。21．B22．C23．A24．B25．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了第一位非裔美国女性宇航员Mae的故事。文章介绍了她的成长经历、追求梦想的历程以及最终成为宇航员的成就，展现了她的勇气和坚持。21．推理判断题。文章开篇直接介绍了首位非裔美国女性宇航员梅的身份，以及她小时候的爱好和与众不同的梦想，这些内容是为了引出主人公梅，属于提供背景信息，而非提问、列数字对比或举例。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据文章内容，Mae年轻时参加了舞蹈班（①），然后在大学学习科学（④），毕业后加入和平组织作为医生（②），最终在1992年飞入太空（③）。因此，关于Mae生活的正确顺序是①④②③。故选C。23．词句猜测题。根据第五段“Sherantestsonbonecells.”以及后文的描述，可以推断Mae在航天飞机上进行了骨细胞测试。因此，ran在这里的意思是“进行”或“执行”，选项A“performed（执行）”符合题意。故选A。24．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Mae追求梦想，最终成为第一位非裔美国女性宇航员的故事。因此，文章主要是关于Mae的梦想，选项B“Mae’sdream”符合主旨。故选B。25．推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“Onthewaytoachievingherdream,Maemetmanydifficulties,butshedidn’tgiveup.”，点明梅在追梦路上遭遇诸多困难但从未放弃，最终取得成功。这体现了“坚持下去就会成功”的道理。故选C。26．D27．B28．C29．A30．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了根据《2024年中国国民健康睡眠白皮书》所揭示的中国人的睡眠现状及相关问题。文章通过具体的数据和分析，展示了中国人睡眠时长、睡眠质量、睡眠问题以及不同年龄段和职业人群的睡眠特点，并提出了改善睡眠的建议。26．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thereportwasbasedonastudyofover10,000people...64percenthavepoorsleepquality.”可知，这项报告是基于对1万多人的研究，其中64%的人睡眠质量不好。因此，在10000人中，有6400人睡眠质量不好，选项D符合题意。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据第三段中“thepost-00sandpost-90sgenerationshavetroublefallingasleep.”可知，00后和90后在入睡方面存在困难，选项B“90后入睡困难”符合题意。故选B。28．词句猜测题。第三段最后一句“Thesleepdurationofofficeworkersonnon-workingdaysis33minuteslongerthanthatofworkingdays.”中，“that”与前半句的主语“Thesleepduration”进行比较，指代工作日（workingdays）的睡眠持续时间。故选C。29．篇章结构题。分析文章结构：第一段提出总体数据，即中国人平均睡眠时长和就寝时间。第二至四段详细阐述了报告中的具体内容，包括中国人的睡眠时长、睡眠质量、睡眠问题以及不同年龄段和职业人群的睡眠特点等；第五段提出了改善睡眠的建议。故选A。30．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了根据《2024年中国国民健康睡眠白皮书》所揭示的中国人的睡眠现状及相关问题，因此最佳标题应为“关于中国睡眠问题的事实”。故选C。31．C32．B33．F34．A35．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Sophia的生日派对的例子引出话题，然后给出了三条关于安全使用社交媒体的重要建议。31．根据上文“Afewyearsago,Sophiapostedaninvitationtoherbirthdaypartyonline.”可知，此处应描述Sophia在网上发布的具体内容，导致很多人看到了。选项C“她还贴出了自己的地址”与下文“500人参加了她的派对”构成因果，符合语境。故选C。32．根据上文“Butmanyyoungpeoplegotintotroublebecauseoftheironlineactivities.”和下文“Noneofthemcanmakesure100%Internetsafety,butallofthemwillhelpyoutobesaferonline.”可知，下文要给出建议，所以此处应是引出这些建议。选项B“这里有一些重要的建议”符合承上启下的作用。故选B。33．根据下文“Howwilltheyfeelifmyfamilyorteachersseethis?”and“Howmightthispostbebadformeinthree,fiveortenyearsfromnow?”可知，这些都是发布前要问自己的具体问题。因此，此处应引出“提问”这个动作。选项F“在发布前，你应该问自己两个问题”符合语境。故选F。34．此空为段落小标题。根据本段内容“Imaginesomeoneisunfriendlyinreallife.Youdon’tlikeit,right?...Noonelikesitwhenyou‘shout’inyourmessages.”可知，本段主要讲在网上交流时要注意礼貌。选项A“写作时要礼貌”适合作为本段标题。故选A。35．根据上文“Don’tshareyourpasswords(密码)withanyone.”和下文“Watchoutfor‘cyberbullying(网络欺凌)’...”可知，本段围绕“保护与尊重”展开。因此，在“不要分享密码”之后，应该继续强调个人信息保护的重要性。选项E“注意你的个人信息”能很好地承接上下文。故选E。36．separate37．means38．relaxing39．beautiful40．nothing41．dishes42．happily43．joy44．first45．used【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过唐代诗人杜甫的《客至》一诗，展现了朋友相聚的喜悦以及中国人民的好客传统，同时结合现代国际交往，展示了中国对世界人民的热情欢迎。36．句意：但为了实现梦想和更好的生活，人们有时不得不与朋友分离。根据下文“Thenwhatwilltheyfeelwhentheyseeeachotheragain?”可知，此处是指“与朋友分开”，备选词中separate意为“分离”，且haveto后接动词原形。故填separate。37．句意：对唐代诗人杜甫（712-770）来说，它意味着巨大的幸福，他的诗作《客至》印证了这一点。分析句子结构，此处缺谓语动词，主语it指代前文“再次见到朋友”这件事。根据非限制性定语从句“whichissupportedby...”可知，时态为一般现在时。主语“It”是第三人称，谓语动词用单数形式。故填means。38．句意：搬到成都后，杜甫过着平静/闲适的生活。此处缺形容词修饰名词life。根据诗歌内容和历史背景，杜甫在成都草堂时期生活相对安定。备选词relax有形容词形式relaxed或relaxing，但修饰life表示“令人放松的/闲适的”常用relaxing。本题需将动词relax变为形容词relaxing。故填relaxing。39．句意：尽管他周围的一切都很美，他却时常感到孤独，因为他经常看到的除了成群的鸥鸟之外，什么也没有。根据“hefeltlonelysometimes”的转折关系，此处应指环境是“美的”。备选词beautiful符合，且were后接形容词。故填beautiful。40．句意：尽管他周围的一切都很美，他却时常感到孤独，因为他经常看到的除了成群的鸥鸟之外，什么也没有。根据“butgroupsofgulls”可知，前后为转折关系，前面应表示“除了…没有别的东西”，常用nothingbut。故填nothing。41．句意：由于远离市场，他只能准备简单的菜肴。preparesimple...意为“准备简单的...”，结合诗歌原文“盘飧市远无兼味”可知，此处指“菜肴”。dish意为