知识清单02 必修第二册单元词汇短语句型梳理(期末复习知识清单) （默写版）

3/7知识清单02必修第二册单元词汇短语句型梳理清单清单01词类转换(变出精彩，举一反三)Unit1Nature1._____________（n.自然；天性）→_____________（adj.自然的；天生的）2._____________（v.保护）→_____________（n.保护）3._____________（v.存在；生存）→_____________（n.存在；实有）4._____________（v.变化；多样）→_____________（adj.各种各样的）5._____________（v.污染）→_____________（n.污染）6._____________（v.幸存；存活）→_____________（n.幸存；生存）7._____________（v./n.伤害；损害）→_____________（adj.有害的）8._____________（v.探索；考察）→_____________（n.探索；探险）9._____________（v.适应；改编）→_____________（n.适应；改编本）10._____________（v./n.平衡；使平衡）→_____________（adj.平衡的）Unit2Animals1._____________（v.适应；改编）→_____________（n.适应；改编本）→_____________（adj.适应性的）2._____________（v.生存；幸存）→_____________（n.生存；幸存）→_____________（n.幸存者）3._____________（n.危险）→_____________（adj.危险的）→_____________（adj.濒危的）4._____________（v.变化；改变）→_____________（n.种类；多样性）→_____________（adj.各种各样的）5._____________（v.保护）→_____________（n.保护）→_____________（adj.保护的）6._____________（v./n.伤害；损害）→_____________（adj.有害的）→_____________（adj.无害的）7._____________（adj.强壮的）→_____________（n.力量；优势）→_____________（v.加强；巩固）8._____________（v.存在）→_____________（n.存在）→_____________（adj.现存的）9._____________（v.观察；遵守）→_____________（n.观察；观测）→_____________（n.观察者）10._____________（adj.稀有的；罕见的）→_____________（n.稀有；珍品）→_____________（adv.很少；难得）清单清单02识词知意(厚积薄发，熟能生巧)Unit1Nature1._____________（v.保护；防卫）：__________________________（保护……免受……伤害）、__________________________（保护环境）2._____________（v.存在；生存）：__________________________（存在于……中）、__________________________（靠……生存）3._____________（v.幸存；存活；挺过）：__________________________（从灾难中幸存）、__________________________（靠少量食物存活）4._____________（v./n.伤害；损害）：__________________________（对……造成伤害）、__________________________（对……有害）5._____________（v.保护；保存；维持）：__________________________（保护自然）、__________________________（维护生态系统）6._____________（v.适应；改编）：__________________________（适应……）、__________________________（使自己适应……）7._____________（v./n.平衡；使平衡）：__________________________（保持平衡）、__________________________（平衡工作与休息）8._____________（v.探索；考察；探究）：__________________________（探索荒野）、__________________________（探究原因）9._____________（v.破坏；摧毁）：__________________________（破坏栖息地）、__________________________（被人类活动摧毁）10._____________（v.恢复；康复；找回）：__________________________（从破坏中恢复）、__________________________（找回濒危物种）Unit2Animals1._____________（n.栖息地）：搭配——__________________________（破坏栖息地）、__________________________（保护动物栖息地）2._____________（v.繁殖；养育；n.品种）：搭配——__________________________（快速繁殖）、__________________________（稀有犬种）3._____________（v.狩猎；搜寻）：搭配——__________________________（捕猎猎物）、__________________________（禁止狩猎）4._____________（n.威胁）：搭配——__________________________（对……构成威胁）、__________________________（面临严重威胁）5._____________（n.自然保护区；储备；v.保留；储备）：搭配——__________________________（野生动物保护区）、__________________________（储备资源）6._____________（v.进化；演变）：搭配——__________________________（由……进化而来）、__________________________（随着时间演变）7._____________（n.灭绝）：搭配——__________________________（灭绝）、__________________________（防止物种灭绝）8._____________（v.迁徙；迁移）：搭配——__________________________（向南方迁徙）、__________________________（年度迁徙）9._____________（v.喂养；进食；n.饲料）：搭配——__________________________（以……为食）、__________________________（喂养动物）10._____________（v.倡导；主张；n.倡导者）：搭配——__________________________（倡导动物保护）、__________________________（野生动物保护倡导者）清单清单03高频短语(积少成多，活学活用)Unit1Nature1.__________________________（灭绝；逐渐消失）2.__________________________（处于……的危险中）3.__________________________（采取措施做某事）4.__________________________（砍伐；削减）5.__________________________（与……和谐相处）6.__________________________（究竟；到底；在地球上）7.__________________________（促成；有助于；为……做贡献）8.__________________________（处于危险中）9.__________________________（依靠；依赖）10.__________________________（形成；产生）Unit2Animals1.__________________________：灭绝；逐渐消失2.__________________________：处于……的危险中3.__________________________：采取措施做某事4.__________________________：适应5.__________________________：与……和谐相处6.__________________________：处于……的边缘7.__________________________：照顾；关心；喜欢8.__________________________：意识到；知道9.__________________________：在……中发挥作用10.__________________________：有助于；促成清单清单04高频句型(精彩句型，句句精彩)Unit1Nature1.Itis+形容词+that...（……是……的），it为形式主语，that引导真正主语从句例句：__________________________wetakeimmediatemeasurestoprotecttheendangeredanimals.（我们急需采取紧急措施保护濒危动物。）2.Themore...,themore...（越……，越……），前后均为比较级结构例句：____________________________________________________ourlivingenvironmentwillbe.（我们越保护自然，生活环境就会越和谐。）3.Thereisnodoubtthat...（毫无疑问……），that引导宾语从句例句：__________________________humanactivitieshaveagreatimpactonthenaturalecosystem.（毫无疑问，人类活动对自然生态系统有着巨大影响。）4.Notonly...butalso...（不仅……而且……），连接并列成分，遵循“就近原则”例句：____________________________________________________itcausessoilerosion.（砍伐森林不仅会破坏动物的栖息地，还会导致水土流失。）5.Itishightimethat...（到了该……的时候了），从句常用虚拟语气（谓语用shoulddo或过去式）例句：__________________________wepaidattentiontoenvironmentalpollutionandtookactiontosolveit.（到了我们关注环境污染并采取行动解决它的时候了。）Unit2AnimalsItisestimatedthat...（据估计……）__________________________morethan100speciesdieouteverydayduetohumanactivities.Thereasonwhy...isthat...（……的原因是……）____________________________________________________theirhabitatsarebeingdestroyed.Notonly...butalso...（不仅……而且……）____________________________________________________bringjoytohumanlife.With+宾语+宾语补足语（with复合结构）____________________________________________________peoplearemoreconfidentabouttheirsurvival.Itishightimethat...（该是……的时候了，从句用虚拟语气）__________________________wetookimmediateactiontoprotectendangeredanimals.清单清单05单元写作(通用表达，范文背诵)Unit1Nature核心通用词汇1.自然相关名词•___________（自然）、___________（生态系统）、___________（生物多样性）、___________（野生动物）、___________（物种）、___________（栖息地）、___________（环境）、___________（资源）、___________（森林）、___________（河流）、___________（山脉）、___________（沙漠）、___________（气候）、___________（污染）、___________（保护）、___________（可持续性）2.动作类词汇•___________（保护）、___________（维护，留存）、___________（节约，保护）、___________（守护）、___________（预防）、___________（减少）、___________（缓解）、___________（恢复）、___________（破坏）、___________（摧毁）、___________（污染）、___________（威胁）、___________（存在）、___________（生存）、___________（适应）、___________（贡献）、___________（参与）3.形容词/副词•___________（自然的）、___________（生态的）、___________（环境的）、___________（珍稀的）、___________（濒危的）、___________（宝贵的）、___________（至关重要的）、___________（紧急的）、___________（严重的）、___________（逐渐地）、___________（有效地）、___________（积极地）、___________（共同地）高频通用句式1.引出主题句•Asweallknow,natureisthefoundationofhumansurvivalanddevelopment,soprotectingitisourunshakableresponsibility.•Withtherapiddevelopmentofsociety,theecologicalenvironmentisfacingincreasinglyseverechallenges,whichhasarousedwidespreadconcern.•Natureprovidesuswithabundantresourcesandacomfortablelivingenvironment,soweshouldcherishandrespectit.•Theimportanceofprotectingbiodiversitycannotbeoveremphasized,foritiscloselyrelatedtothebalanceoftheecosystem.2.描述问题/现象句•Inrecentyears,alargenumberofforestshavebeencutdown,leadingtothelossofwildlifehabitats.•Manyspeciesareonthevergeofextinctionduetoenvironmentalpollutionandoverdevelopment.•Theexcessiveuseofnaturalresourceshascausedseriousdamagetotheecologicalbalance.•Airandwaterpollutionnotonlyaffectsthesurvivalofanimalsandplantsbutalsoposesagreatthreattohumanhealth.3.提出措施/建议句•Weshouldstrengthenenvironmentalprotectionawarenessandleteveryonerealizetheimportanceofprotectingnature.•Thegovernmentshouldformulateandimplementstricterenvironmentalprotectionlawsandregulationstorestrictdestructivebehaviors.•Wecantakesmallactionsindailylife,suchassavingwaterandelectricity,reducingtheuseofplasticproducts,andplantingmoretrees.•Itisnecessarytocarryoutenvironmentaleducationinschoolstocultivatestudents'senseofresponsibilityforprotectingnature.•Weshouldadvocatesustainabledevelopmentandbalanceeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalprotection.4.表达意义/展望句•Protectingnatureisnotonlyforthepresentbutalsoforthefutureofourdescendants.•Onlybylivinginharmonywithnaturecanweachievelong-termandstabledevelopmentofhumansociety.•Ifwecantakeeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment,wewillsurelyseeagreenerandmorebeautifulworld.•Everyeffortwemakefornaturewillcontributetotheimprovementoftheecologicalenvironmentandtheprosperityofbiodiversity.范文（背诵版）LiveinHarmonywithNatureNatureisthemotherofalllifeonearth,providinguswithfreshair,cleanwater,andabundantresources.Itisthefoundationofhumansurvivalanddevelopment,andmaintainingaharmoniousrelationshipwithnatureiscrucialforourfuture.However,withtheaccelerationofindustrializationandurbanization,humanactivitieshavecausedseriousdamagetonature.Alargenumberofforestsarebeingcutdown,resultinginsoilerosionandthelossofwildlifehabitats.Manyrarespeciesarefacingthedangerofextinctionduetoenvironmentalpollutionandoverhunting.Atthesametime,theexcessiveemissionofwastegasandwastewaterhasledtoairandwaterpollution,whichnotonlyaffectstheecologicalbalancebutalsoendangershumanhealth.Facedwiththesesevereenvironmentalproblems,wemusttakeimmediateactiontoprotectnature.Firstofall,weshouldstrengthenenvironmentalprotectionawareness.Throughpublicityandeducation,everyoneshouldrealizethatprotectingnatureisourcommonresponsibility.Secondly,thegovernmentshouldformulateandenforcestricterenvironmentallawsandpoliciestopunishdestructivebehaviors.Inaddition,wecanstartfromsmallthingsindailylife:savingeverydropofwater,turningoffthelightswhenleavingtheroom,reducingtheuseofdisposableproducts,andparticipatingintree-plantingactivities.Thesesmallactionscanaccumulateintogreatpowertoprotecttheenvironment.Protectingnatureisnotonlyforourselvesbutalsoforourchildrenandgrandchildren.Onlywhenwerespectnature,protectnature,andliveinharmonywithnaturecanwecreateagreener,healthier,andmoresustainableworld.Let'stakeactionnowandmakeourcontributionstoprotectingthebeautifulhomeweshare.Unit2Animals核心通用词汇1.动物相关名词•_____________（野生动物）、_____________（物种）、_____________（生物）、_____________（栖息地）、_____________（品种）、_____________（猎物）、_____________（捕食者）、_____________（灭绝）、_____________（自然保护区）、_____________（迁徙）、_____________（皮毛）、_____________（爪子）、_____________（羽毛）、_____________（尾巴）、_____________（骨骼）2.动作类词汇•_____________（保护）、_____________（维护）、_____________（节约；保护）、_____________（拯救）、_____________（狩猎）、_____________（繁殖）、_____________（迁徙）、_____________（生存）、_____________（适应）、_____________（进化）、_____________（威胁）、_____________（摧毁）、_____________（使濒危）、_____________（喂养；进食）、_____________（倡导）3.形容词/副词•_____________（濒危的）、_____________（稀有的）、_____________（野生的）、_____________（凶猛的）、_____________（温顺的）、_____________（宝贵的）、_____________（至关重要的）、_____________（紧急的）、_____________（逐渐地）、_____________（有效地）、_____________（严重地）、_____________（共同地）高频通用句式1.引出主题句•Asanimportantpartoftheecosystem,animalsplayavitalroleinmaintainingecologicalbalance.•Withthecontinuousdestructionoftheenvironment,moreandmorewildanimalsarefacingthedangerofextinction.•Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatprotectingwildanimalsisnotonlytheresponsibilityofindividualsbutalsotheobligationofthewholesociety.•Thesurvivalofwildanimalsiscloselyrelatedtohumanbeings'livingenvironment,sowemustattachgreatimportancetotheirprotection.2.描述现状/问题句•Duetoexcessivehuntingandhabitatdestruction,manyrarespeciesareonthevergeofextinction.•Thenumberofsomewildanimalshasdecreasedsharplyinrecentyears,whichhasarousedwidespreadconcernofthepublic.•Illegalhuntingandtradingofwildanimalshavecausedseriousdamagetobiodiversity.•Thelossofhabitatsduetodeforestationandurbanizationhasmadeitdifficultformanyanimalstosurvive.3.提出措施/建议句•Weshouldstrengthenthepublicityofanimalprotectiontoimprovepeople'sawarenessofcaringforwildanimals.•Thegovernmentshouldformulateandenforcestricterlawstobanillegalhuntingandtradingofwildanimals.•Wecansupportanimalprotectionorganizationsbydonatingmoneyorvolunteeringtoparticipateinrescuework.•Itisnecessarytoestablishmorewildlifereservestoprovideasafelivingenvironmentforwildanimals.•Weshouldreduceenvironmentalpollutionandavoiddestroyingthenaturalhabitatsofwildanimals.4.表达意义/展望句•Protectingwildanimalsistoprotecthumanbeingsthemselves,forwesharethesameplanet.•Onlybyprotectingeveryspeciescanwemaintainthediversityofnatureandensurethesustainabledevelopmentoftheecosystem.•Ifwecantakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectwildanimals,wewillsurelyseeaworldwherehumansandanimalsliveinharmony.•Everyeffortwemakeforwildanimalprotectionwillcontributetoabetterecologicalenvironmentforfuturegenerations.范文（背诵版）ProtectWildAnimals,GuardOurCommonHomeWildanimalsareanindispensablepartofthenaturalworldandimportantpartnersofhumanbeings.Theynotonlyaddvitalitytonaturebutalsoplayanirreplaceableroleinmaintainingthebalanceoftheecosystem.However,thesurvivalofwildanimalsisfacingunprecedentedchallengesnowadays.Inrecentyears,duetotherapiddevelopmentofindustryandagriculture,alargenumberofforestshavebeencutdown,andgrasslandshavebeenreclaimed,leadingtothelossofalargenumberofanimalhabitats.Atthesametime,illegalhuntingandtradingarestillprevalent,whichmakesmanyrarespeciessuchaspandas,tigers,andelephantsfacethedangerofextinction.Inaddition,environmentalpollutionhasalsocausedseriousharmtothehealthofwildanimals,makingtheirsurvivalenvironmentworseandworse.Facedwiththeseseveresituations,wemusttakeimmediateactiontoprotectwildanimals.Firstofall,thegovernmentshouldstrengthenthesupervisionandlawenforcement,severelycrackdownonillegalhuntingandtradingbehaviors,andimproverelevantlawsandregulationstoprovidelegalprotectionforwildanimals.Secondly,weshouldcarryoutextensivepublicityandeducationtoletmorepeoplerealizetheimportanceofanimalprotectionandcultivatetheawarenessofcaringforwildanimals.Moreover,wecantakepracticalactionsindailylife,suchasrefusingtobuyproductsmadeofwildanimalfur,reducingtheuseofdisposableproductstoreduceenvironmentalpollution,andsupportingtheconstructionofwildlifereserves.Protectingwildanimalsisnotamatterofonepersonoroneday,butalong-termtaskthatrequiresthejointeffortsofthewholesociety.Onlywhenwetakeactiontogethertorespectandprotecteverywildanimalcanwemaintainthediversityofnatureandbuildaharmonioushomewherehumansandanimalscoexistpeacefully.Let'sstartfromourselvesandmakecontributionstotheprotectionofwildanimals!题型题型012单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发)Unit1Nature1.Manyrare_______(物种)arefacingthedangerofextinctionduetoenvironmentalpollution.（）2.Theoldtreeintheyardbeganto_______(枯萎)becauseofthelackofwater.（）3.Weneedtofindapractical_______(解决办法)toreduceairpollutioninthecity.（）4.It'sourdutytoprotecteveryliving_______(生物)ontheearth.（）5.Thescientistspentyearsstudyingthe_______(理论)ofecologicalbalance.（）6.Hereffortsinprotectingwildlifefinallygotagood_______(奖励)fromthegovernment.（）7.The_______(精致的)ecosystemofthewetlandiseasilydestroyedbyhumanactivities.（）8.Weshouldtakemeasuresto_______(恢复)thedamagedforesttoitsoriginalstate.（）9.The_______(复杂的)relationshipbetweendifferentspeciesmaintainsthestabilityofnature.（）10.Onlineshoppinghasgradually_______(取代)traditionalshoppinginsomeaspects.（）Unit2Animals1.Manywildanimalsareindangerof_______(灭绝)becauseofhumanactivities.（）2.It'simportantforanimalsto_______(适应)thechangingenvironmenttosurvive.（）3.Thegovernmenthassetupanature_______(保护区)toprotectrarespecies.（）4.Illegal_______(狩猎)isoneofthemainreasonsforthedecreaseofwildanimals.（）5.The_______(多样性)ofspeciesiscrucialformaintainingecologicalbalance.（）6.Weshouldtakemeasurestopreventthe_______(破坏)ofanimals'habitats.（）7.Thescientistspentyears_______(观察)thebehaviorofgorillasinthewild.（）8.Thiskindofbird_______(迁徙)tothesoutheverywintertoavoidcold.（）9.Pollutionandclimatechange_______(威胁)thesurvivalofmanymarinecreatures.（）10.The_______(幸存)oftheendangeredanimalsdependsoneffectiveprotectionmeasures.（）题型题型022单句语法填空(一词多变，活学活用)Unit1Nature1._______(Cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofChina'sfirstnationalparks.（2022浙江高考1月）2.Asignificantnumberofareasthat_______(be)previouslyunprotectedwillbeincludedintheprotectionscope.（2022浙江高考1月）3.TheGPNP_______(design)toprotecttheauthenticityandintegrityofthenaturalecosystem.（2022浙江高考1月）4.KimCobbisoneoftheacademics_______arecuttingdowntheirairtravelduetoclimatechange.（2022浙江高考1月）5.Travelingtoattendconferences_______(view)asanimportantpartofascientist'swork.（2022浙江高考1月）6.Roughly200academicshavejoinedthe"FlightFreeScientists"websitesinceit_______(found)twoyearsago.（2022浙江高考1月）7.Cobbbeganaskingorganizersifshecouldattendtheireventsremotelywhen_______(invite).（2022浙江高考1月）8.Shedeclinedthe_______(invite)whentheorganizersrefusedherremoteattendancerequest.（2022浙江高考1月）9.Thepandaserves_______anumbrellaspecies,bringingprotectiontomanyotheranimals.（2022浙江高考1月）10.Theplanaimstoprotectallspecies_______liveintheGiantPandaRange.（2022浙江高考1月）Unit2Animals1.Thenumberofpandas_______(increase)steadilyduetodecadesofconservationefforts.（2023全国甲卷）2.Wildliferesearchersaredevotedto_______(study)themigrationrulesofbirds.（2022全国乙卷）3.Itisreportedthatmorethan300kindsofwildanimals_______(protect)inthisnaturereservenow.（2021全国甲卷）4.Thereasonwhysomespeciesdiedoutisthattheirhabitats_______(destroy)completely.（2020全国Ⅰ卷）5.Weshouldadvocate_______(live)inharmonywithalllivingcreaturesontheearth.（2023浙江高考6月）6.Thisisthefirsttimethatwe_______(participate)inthewildanimalrescueactivity.（2022浙江高考1月）7.Thetiger,_______(know)asthekingoftheforest,isfacingthedangerofextinction.（2021浙江高考6月）8.Onlybytakingjointefforts_______weprotecttheendangeredanimalseffectively.（2020浙江高考1月）9.Thewildlifereserveprovidesasafeenvironmentforanimals_______(breed)andsurvive.（2023天津高考）10.Manypeopledon'trealizethatwildanimalsplayanimportantrolein_______(keep)theecosystembalanced.（2022天津高考）题型题型032完成句子(精彩句型，活学即用)Unit1NatureWeshould_______(增强环保意识)tomakeeveryonerealizetheimportanceofprotectingnature._______(只有通过与自然和谐共处)canweachievesustainabledevelopmentofhumansociety.3.Theexcessiveuseofnaturalresources_______(已经对生态平衡造成了严重破坏).Manywildlifehabitats_______(正在消失)becauseofdeforestationandpollution.Itisurgentthatwe_______(采取有效措施)topreventendangeredspeciesfromextinction.Thegovernmenthasformulatedlaws_______(限制破坏性的人类活动)._______(为了给后代留下宝贵的自然资产),wemustattachgreatimportancetoenvironmentalprotection.Participatingintree-plantingactivities_______(有助于改善生态环境).Weshouldreducetheuseofplasticproducts_______(因为它们很难被自然降解).Peoplehavecometorealizethat_______(保护生物多样性对生态平衡至关重要).Unit2AnimalsWeshould_______(拒绝购买野生动物制品)tostopillegalhunting._______(随着越来越多的自然保护区建立),thelivingconditionsofwildanimalshaveimproved.3.Itiseveryone'sduty_______(为保护野生动物贡献自己的力量).Someanimalshavetochangetheirlivinghabits_______(以便适应环境变化).Thegovernmenthasmadelaws_______(禁止非法捕杀野生动物)._______(据信)thatthenumberofred-crownedcraneshasincreasedby20%inrecentyears.Wemustbeawarethat_______(野生动物的灭绝会对生态系统造成严重影响).Volunteeractivities_______(在野生动物保护中发挥着重要作用)everyyear.Manyendangeredanimals_______(正处于灭绝的边缘)becauseofhabitatloss._______(只有当我们停止破坏自然)canweensurethesurvivalofwildanimals.Unit1Nature1.naturevs.naturalvs.nationality•nature：名词，意为“自然；天性”，侧重客观存在的自然环境或人的本质属性，例：Weshouldrespectnatureandliveinharmonywithit.•natural：形容词，意为“自然的；天生的”，修饰名词，体现“非人为的、与生俱来的”，例：Shehasanaturaltalentformusic.•nationality：名词，意为“国籍；民族”，与“国家、民族归属”相关，例：Whatisyournationality?2.protectvs.preservevs.conserve•protect：动词，意为“保护”，侧重抵御外界伤害、危险，常用搭配protect...from/against...，例：Weneedtoprotectwildlifefrombeinghunted.•preserve：动词，意为“维护；留存”，侧重保持事物原有状态、防止变质或破坏，例：Effortsaremadetopreservetheancientforest.•conserve：动词，意为“节约；保护”，侧重合理利用资源、避免浪费，尤其用于自然资源保护，例：Weshouldconservewaterandelectricityindailylife.3.damagevs.destroyvs.ruin•damage：动词/名词，意为“损坏；损害”，程度较轻，多指事物部分受损、可修复，例：Thestormdamagedmanyhousesinthevillage.•destroy：动词，意为“摧毁；毁灭”，程度极重，指事物彻底被毁、无法复原，例：Thefiredestroyedtheentireforest.•ruin：动词/名词，意为“毁坏；废墟”，可指事物因长期破坏而报废，也可指抽象的“毁掉（名誉、生活等）”，例：Hisbadhabitsruinedhishealth.4.speciesvs.kindvs.type•species：名词，意为“物种”，侧重生物分类的特定类别，单复数同形，例：Manyrarespeciesareonthevergeofextinction.•kind：名词，意为“种类”，泛指同类事物，侧重“性质相近的群体”，常用搭配akindof，例：Thiskindofplantgrowswellinwetareas.•type：名词，意为“类型；型号”，侧重“根据特征、用途划分的类别”，例：Whattypeofenvironmentdopandasneedtosurvive?5.habitatvs.residencevs.house•habitat：名词，意为“栖息地”，特指动植物生存的自然环境，例：Deforestationhasledtothelossofmanyanimals'habitat.•residence：名词，意为“住所；住宅”，正式用语，侧重“长期居住的场所”，例：Hisofficialresidenceislocatedinthecitycenter.•house：名词，意为“房子；住宅”，普通用语，侧重具体的房屋建筑，例：Theyboughtasmallhousenearthepark.6.pollutevs.contaminate•pollute：动词，意为“污染”，泛指空气、水、土壤等自然环境被有害物质污染，使用范围广，例：Factoriesshouldnotpollutetheriverwithwastewater.•contaminate：动词，意为“污染；沾染”，侧重因接触有害物质而被污染，语气更正式，可用于抽象事物，例：Thefoodwascontaminatedbybacteria.7.survivevs.surviveonvs.liveon•survive：动词，意为“生存；幸存”，侧重在危险、困难中存活下来，例：Onlyafewpeoplesurvivedtheearthquake.•surviveon：短语动词，意为“靠……维持生存”，后接生存所需的资源，例：Someanimalssurviveongrassandleaves.•liveon：短语动词，意为“继续活着；以……为食”，可指人“长寿”，也可指动物“以某物为食”，例：Shelivesonasmallpensionafterretirement.8.adaptvs.adopt•adapt：动词，意为“适应；改编”，常用搭配adaptto...（适应……）、adapt...for...（为……改编），例：Animalsneedtoadapttothechangingenvironment.•adopt：动词，意为“收养；采纳”，侧重“接受、采用他人的意见、方法或收养孩子”，例：Thegovernmentadoptednewpoliciestoprotecttheenvironment.9.resourcevs.source•resource：名词，意为“资源”，侧重可供利用的自然、人力、物力等资源，常用复数形式，例：Weshouldmakefulluseofnaturalresources.•source：名词，意为“来源；源头”，侧重事物的起源、出处，例：Thesourceoftheriverishiddeninthemountains.10.urgentvs.emergent•urgent：形容词，意为“紧急的；迫切的”，侧重“需要立即处理的、不容拖延的”，常用搭配urgentmatter/need，例：It'sanurgenttasktoprotectendangeredspecies.•emergent：形容词，意为“突发的；紧急的”，侧重“突然发生的、意外出现的”，多修饰抽象事物，例：Weneedtomakeplansforemergentsituations.Unit2Animals1.adaptvs.adopt•adapt：动词，意为“适应；改编”，核心侧重“调整自身以匹配新环境或需求”，常用搭配adaptto（适应……）、adapt...for...（为……改编），例：PenguinshaveadaptedtothecoldAntarcticenvironment.•adopt：动词，意为“收养；采纳”，核心侧重“接受、采用他人的意见、方法，或法律上收养孩子”，常用搭配adoptachild（收养孩子）、adoptapolicy（采纳政策），例：Theschooladoptednewmeasurestoeducatestudentsaboutanimalprotection.2.survivevs.livevs.exist•survive：动词，意为“生存；幸存”，侧重在危险、困难（如灾难、极端环境）中艰难存活，隐含“原本可能无法存活”的意味，例：Fewanimalssurvivedtheseveredrought.•live：动词，意为“居住；生活”，泛指正常的生存、生活状态，使用范围最广，例：ManypandasliveintheWolongNatureReserve.•exist：动词，意为“存在”，侧重客观上“有这样的事物”，不强调生存的状态或质量，例：Thisrarespecieshasexistedonearthformillionsofyears.3.dangervs.dangerousvs.endangered•danger：名词，意为“危险”，指抽象的危险或具体的危险事物，常用搭配indanger（处于危险中）、poseadangerto（对……构成危险），例：Thelittlegirlisingreatdangerofbeingattackedbywildanimals.•dangerous：形容词，意为“危险的”，