高考英语8个必考核心词及短语搭（上）讲义

备战2026年高考：

128

个必考核心词及短语搭（上）高三上学期即将结束，为方便学生复习巩固基础知识，同时又避免大水漫灌式无脑复习，前几天给同学们梳理了186个高频词汇，今天再给同学们梳理128个必考核心词及短语搭，由于内容较多，拆分成上下两部分。单词音标词性核心翻译短语搭配absorb/əbˈsɔːb;əbˈzɔːb/v.吸收；使全神贯注beabsorbedin全神贯注于beabsorbedby/with入神地研究acpany/əˈkʌmpəni/v.陪伴；伴奏acpanysbto陪……到……acpanysbat/on…用……给……伴奏beacpaniedby/with…与……同时发生/存在、附有intheacpanyofsb在……的陪伴下account/əˈkaʊnt/n./v.n.账户；解释；比例v.解释；占比accountfor说明……的原因/占……比例onaccountof由于/因为takeaccountofsth考虑/顾及……takesthintoaccount考虑/顾及……accuse/əˈkjuːz/v.指控；指责accusesbof(doing)sth指控……做……accustom/əˈkʌstəm/v.使习惯于accustomoneselftosth使……习惯于……beaccustomedtosth习惯于……beaccustomedtodoingsth习惯于做……get/bee/growaccustomedtosth适应/习惯于……acknowledge/əkˈnɒlɪdʒ/v.承认；致谢acknowledgedoingsth承认做了……acknowledgesthas/tobe承认某事物是……act/ækt/v./n.v.行动；充当；起作用n.行为；法案actas充当/扮演actfor代理/代表actout（用手势/动作）表示出来acton/upon起作用/生效actagainst违反add/æd/v.增加；添加addto增加/增添add…to把……加到……addup加起来addupto总计/共inaddition另外inadditionto此外adapt/əˈdæpt/v.适应；改编adaptto适应adaptoneselfto使……自己适应/习惯于adaptsthforsth使某物适应某一特定目的、情况或群体adaptfrom根据……改写/改编自……adjust/əˈdʒʌst/v.调整；适应adjustto适应admit/ədˈmɪt/v.承认；准许进入admitdoingsth承认做……beadmittedto准许（入学等）admitone'smistake承认错误advise/ədˈvaɪz/v.建议；劝告advisedoingsth建议做……advisesb(not)todosth建议……做/不做……advisethatsb(should)do建议……应做……afford/əˈfɔːd/v.买得起；承担得起；提供affordtodosth有能力做……affordsth买得起……affordsbsth为某人提供……agree/əˈɡriː/v.同意；赞成agreewithsb/one'sopinion同意某人的意见/观点agreetosth同意某物agreeonsth（双方）就……达成共识agreetodosth同意做……allow/əˈlaʊ/v.允许；考虑allowsbtodosth允许…做……allowdoingsth允许做……allowfor考虑/顾及；sth+allowof容许；允许；有……的可能allowsbin/up/out允许……进/起来/出去appeal/əˈpiːl/v./n.v.呼吁；上诉；吸引n.呼吁；上诉；吸引力appealto/for恳求/强烈呼吁appealagainst（提出）上诉appealto（某物）使喜欢/吸引/使感兴趣apply/əˈplaɪ/v.申请；应用；专心applytosb/sth适用于/运用于applytosbforhelp请求……帮助applyforajob提出工作申请applyoneselftosth专心于……applyone’smindtosth专心于…applyatheorytopractice把理论用于实践apologize/əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/v.道歉apologizetosbfor(doing)sth为（做）……向……道歉makeanapologytosbfor(doing)sth为（做）……向……道歉argue/ˈɑːɡjuː/v.争论；辩论；劝说arguefor为……而辩护argueagainst辩驳/反驳arguesbinto/outofdoingsth劝说……做/不做arguewithsbabout/oversth与……辩论……attach/əˈtætʃ/v.依附；附加；依恋attachsbtosb/sth使隶属于……beattachedto依恋/留恋attachsthtosth将…与…相联系attachoneselftosb/sth加入/依附attempt/əˈtempt/v./n.v.尝试；试图n.尝试；企图attempttodosth试图/尝试做……makeanattempttodosth试图做……makeanattempton/uponsth试图夺取……makeanattemptatdoingsth试图做……attend/əˈtend/v.出席；照料；处理attendto处理，照料，倾听attendon/upon陪伴，伺候beattendedby由……照料/陪伴；伴有……（现象或结果）believe/bɪˈliːv/v.相信；信任；认为believein信任、信仰beyondbelief难以置信believeitornot信不信由你blame/bleɪm/v./n.v.责备；归咎于n.责备；责任blamesbfor(doing)sth因…责备…betoblame(for…)应承担责任/该受到责备break/breɪk/v./n.v.打破；中断；爆发n.休息；破裂breakdown中断/分解/出故障；breakup分解/散开/打碎breakin闯入/打断/插嘴；breakinto闯入/强行进入breakoff中断/绝交/休息一下；breakout发生/爆发breakthrough突破；breakopen以暴力启开breakawayfrom逃走/脱离；breakintears失声痛哭withoutabreak不停息的；breakintolaughter突然大笑bring/brɪŋ/v.带来；引起；提出bringin获利/赚钱/提出/获得(收成等)bringout出版/阐明；bringon使发生/引起bringup提出/抚养/呕吐；bringdown击落/推翻bringabout使发生/造成；bringback归还/记起bringsbsth/bringsthto/forsb带给……某物bringsb/oneselftodosth使某人/自己做……bring…toanend结束burn/bɜːn/v./n.v.燃烧；烧毁；有强烈情绪n.烧伤；燃烧burnoff烧掉；burnup烧掉/烧毁/越烧越旺burndown烧毁/烧光/烧为平地burnout（使）烧坏、烧光burnwith有（强烈的情绪或要求）burn…tosth将…烧成……状态burst/bɜːst/v./n.v.爆发；突发；爆裂n.爆发；突发burstopen猛然被推开burstintosth突然……起来burstintodoingsth突然开始做…burstoutdoingsth突然开始做…call/kɔːl/v./n.v.呼叫；称呼；拜访；打电话n.呼叫；电话；称呼callatsp到(某地)拜访；callback回电话callin请(进来)/召集；callon/upon拜访/呼吁callup打电话/使……想起；callfor需要/要求callout大声喊叫；callforth唤起/引起/招致callafter以……的名字命名callonsbtodosth呼吁/号召……做……care/keə/v./n.v.关心；在乎；喜欢n.关心；照顾；小心carefor喜欢/关心/照顾、照看careabout担心；焦虑charge/tʃɑːdʒ/v./n.v.收费；指控；充电；冲向n.费用；指控；电荷；责任chargefor收费/要价chargesbwithsth控告chargeinto…冲进；闯入；猛攻chargedown冲下；冲过去撞倒（sb/sth）chargeabattery给电池充电freeofcharge免费的in/underone'scharge由……负责inthechargeof由……负责getcharged导电/充满活力；oncharge在充电中takechargeof/inchargeof主管/掌管atone’sowncharge自费/用自己的钱pare/kəmˈpeə/v.比较；对比pare…with把…与…相比pare…to把……比作……paredwith/to与……相比（句中作状语）e/kʌm/v.来；出现；发生；达到eabout产生/发生ealong过来/跟着来；eon加油eafter跟在……后面eintobeing形成/产生eout出来/开花/出版eto共计/达到；eat攻击/着手解决eoverto造访/来访eupto到达/比得上/不亚于etoknow逐渐认识etoastop/anend结束/停止eintoforce/effect生效eintopower/office上任eacross偶然碰到etooneself/ebacktolife苏醒过来edown下来/败落；etrue变为现实eupwith提出/想出（计划、答复等）eintouse开始使用eup引起注意/走近/发生/考虑eupagainst碰到/遭到（反对）plain/kəmˈpleɪn/v.抱怨；投诉plaintosbof/aboutsth向……抱怨……plainofdoingsth抱怨做…concern/kənˈsɜːn/v./n.v.涉及；关心；使担忧n.关心；忧虑；关联concern(oneself)about/for担忧、关心concern(oneself)with/in从事、参与beconcernedabout/over/for关心、挂念beconcernedwith/in牵扯到、与……有关show/expressconcernabout/for对……表示关心conclude/kənˈkluːd/v.推断；得出结论；结束concludefrom从……得出结论consider/kənˈsɪdə/v.考虑；认为considersbtobe/as认为…是…considerdoingsth考虑做……consist/kənˈsɪst/v.由……组成；在于consistof由……构成consistin在于、存在于cut/kʌt/v./n.v.切；剪；削减；切断n.切口；削减cutoff切断/砍掉cutup切碎；cutin插嘴cutout割断/剪下/戒除；cutshort缩短/打断cutthrough抄近路/穿过/剪断cutdown砍/削减/减少；cutback缩减date/deɪt/n./v.n.日期；年代v.注明日期；追溯到datebackto追溯到；datefrom追溯到……outofdate过时的/陈旧的uptodate现在的/最新的todate到目前为止thedateline国际日期变更线demand/dɪˈmɑːnd/v./n.v.要求；需要n.要求；需求demandofsbtodosth要求…做…demandsthof/fromsb向…要求demandtodosth要求做……ingreatdemand急需demandthatsb（should）dosth要求……做……deny/dɪˈnaɪ/v.否认；拒绝给予denydoing否认做过……denysthtobe否认……是……that...snodenyingthat...不可否认，毋庸置疑desire/dɪˈzaɪə/v./n.v.渴望；想要n.渴望；欲望haveastrong/nodesiretodo极想/不想做atone'sdesire应……的要求desirethatsb(should)do希望……做desiretodo渴望做……leavenothingtobedesired完美无缺desiresbtodo希望……做……develop/dɪˈveləp/v.发展；开发；培养；冲洗develop…into发展/长成为……develop…from/outof由……发展起来developafilm冲洗胶卷developmindandbody身心发展developanewbusiness发展新事业devote/dɪˈvəʊt/v.致力于；奉献；献身devoteto(doing)sth献身于/专心于devoteoneselfto把……献给devoteone’slife/timeto把……用在bedevotedto专心致志于/忠于/很喜欢die/daɪ/v.死亡；消失；熄灭dieout灭绝/完全消失/绝迹dieof死于（疾病、衰老等自身原因）diefrom死于（意外、外部原因等）diefor为……而死dieaway(音/风/光)渐渐消失diedown逐渐减弱/平息dieoff相继死去diehard(旧习惯等)难改变/消去bedyingfor渴望/极想do/duː;də/v.做；干；处理；足够dofor使完蛋/足够/合适doup收拾、打扮、扣上、系上dowith处理、对付；doout清扫/清理dowithout不用、不要；doover重做/装饰doallonecantodosth尽力做……dosthup修理/重新装修doallthatonecantodosth尽力做……dooneselfup梳妆/打扮自己dowhat(ever)onecantodosth尽力做……doawaywith除掉、结束、杀死doeverythingonecantodosth尽力做……dress/dres/v./n.v.给……穿衣服；打扮n.连衣裙；服装dresssb/oneself给……（自己）穿衣服dressup穿上盛装dress(sb)upassb/sth打扮成……dresssthup修饰、掩饰bedressedin穿着……drive/draɪv/v./n.v.驾驶；驱使；迫使n.驾驶；车程driveoff迫使……离开/击退/用车把……接走drivein乘坐drive…into…把……打进……drivesbmad使……发疯drivesboutofone’smind使……丧失理智drop/drɒp/v./n.v.落下；下降；放弃；顺便拜访n.滴；下降dropout(of)不参加/退出/辍学dropoff（数量）减少/（价格）降低dropto下降到dropinonsb顺便拜访……dropintoadeepsleep陷入酣睡中drophistory不学/不选修历史engage/ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/v.参与；从事；订婚；使啮合engagesbtosb使…与……订婚get/beengagedtosb与…订婚engageoneselftodosth自愿做……beengagedin(doing)sth忙于（做）engagewith连接、使吻合equip/ɪˈkwɪp/v.装备；配备；使有能力equipsb/sthwithsth用…装备…equipsbfor使…有能力胜任…sbbeequippedtodosth使某人有能力做……expand/ɪkˈspænd/v.扩大；扩展；膨胀；阐述expandin/into把……扩展/发展/膨胀expandonsth阐述/评述fail/feɪl/v.失败；未能；不及格failtodosth未能做……failindoingsth干……失败failinanexam考试没及格withoutfail一定/务必fall/fɔːl/v./n.v.落下；跌倒；陷入；衰退n.落下；跌倒；秋季fallbehind落后falldown掉下/倒塌/下降/失败fallintothehabitof染上……的习惯fallinlovewithsb爱上……falltopieces倒塌/崩