Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版()

DiscoverUsefulStructuresNaturalDisasters

1Unit41.understandthedefinition,formandbasicgrammaticalfunctionsofrestrictiverelativeclauses,andclearlyrecognizetheirroleinmodifyingandrestrictingnounsorpronounsinsentences.2.grasptheusageofrelativepronounsinrestrictiverelativeclauses,includingthecomponentstheycanactasintheclause.3.userestrictiverelativeclausestodescribepeople,thingsoreventsrelatedtonaturaldisasters,makingtheexpressionmorespecificandvivid.定语形容词名词介词短语非谓语动词从句(定语从句）Sheisabeautifulgirl.Amyisawomanteacher.Thegirlinredismysister.

Ihavesomethingtosay.Theboymakingfaceismyson.Japanisadevelopedcountry.Ilikepeoplewhosmilesalot.定语:相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，常译为“...的”什么可以做定语Whatisattributive？定语从句定义结构定语从句关系词修饰限定名词或代词的句子先行词关系词被修饰的名词或代词eg.Thisisthecarwhich

heboughtlastyear.主句从句Whatisattributiveclause？连接主从句代替先行词充当从句成分whichthatwhowhosewhomaswhenwherewhy定语从句关系词宾语主语主语定语宾语Findandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclausesinthesentencesbelow.Whatfunctiondotherestrictiverelativeclauseshave?TheTangshanearthquakeisaterribleexperiencethatmygrandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.MrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.从文章中寻找更多的定语从句画出从句部分找出先行词和关系词Findmoresentenceswithrestrictiverelativeclausesfromthetext.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometersawayinBeijing.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.which

的用法1.which

在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语,指物。

Theyplantedthetreeswhich

didn’tneedmuchwater.

Thefishwhich

weboughtwerenotfresh.

Thisisthehousewhich

welivedinlastyear.

→Thisisthehouse________welivedlastyear.主语；指物宾语；指物介词宾语；指物in

whichwhich作介词宾语时，介词既可放在关系代词which之前，也可以放在从句中动词之后where2.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人或物，作宾语时可省略。

Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.作主语；指物

Thenoodles

(that)Icookedweredelicious.作宾语；指物

Let’saskthemanthatisreadingabookoverthere.作主语；指人

Thegirl

(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.

作宾语；指人that的用法3.who在从句中作主语和宾语,whom

在从句中作宾语；都指人。

TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.主语；指人

TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.

主语；指人

Theperson(whom/who)youjusttalkedtoisMrLi.

宾语；指人

MrReadistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.宾语；指人在定语从句中紧接着介词的只能用which和whom。指人用whom，指物用whichwho/whom的用法4.whose在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，可与

ofwhich(whom)the...互换。

MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.ofwhomthe

Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.ofwhomthe

Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.ofwhichthewhose的用法5.as既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。不能省略。

Therescueteambroughtthesameequipmentaswasusedinthe2019earthquakerelief.

Sheissuchavolunteerasdevotesherselftohelpingvictimsineverydisaster.as的用法as引导限定性定语从句时，常出现在固定结构such...as...或thesame...as...中AttentionWeneedtoprepareforsuchfloodsasoccurredin2020.我们需要为像2020年那样的洪水做准备。Thestormcausedsuchdamagethatleftthousandshomeless.这场风暴造成了严重的，使得数千人无家可归的破坏。同类不同物同类且同物Therescueteamusedthesameequipmentasinthepreviousdisaster.救援队使用了与上次灾难中相同类型的设备。Thehelicopteristhesamethatsaveduslasttimereturnedtothearea.上次救了我们的那架直升机又回到了该地区。同类不同物同类且同物3.总结与归纳关系代词先行词（人/物）从句中充当什么成分？which物主语或宾语that人/物主语或宾语who人主语或宾语whom人宾语whose人/物定语as人/物主语或宾语作宾语时可以省略只能用that的情况当先行词是不定代词或者被不定代词修饰时。当先行词被theonly，thevery，thesame,thelast等修饰时。当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。当先行词中既有人又有物时。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Musicistheonlythingthatinterestsme.ThisisthemostshockingnewsthatIhaveeverheard.Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedher.that？which？

的区别只能用which的情况关系代词前有介词时。在非限制性定语从句中。that？which？

的区别ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivebecameruinsinthebigfire.Thetravellersawmanybuildingsalongtheway,whichwerequitedifferentfromthoseinhishometown.1.Iwanttoknowtheway___________hetoldyouyesterday.2.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway____________hesaidit.

先行词是theway:若关系词在定语从句中做状语,用inwhich/that/不填来引导后面的定语从句;若关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语,用which/that来引导后面的定语从句。theway做先行词的特殊用法which/thatinwhich/that①Heisoneofthestudentswho______latethismorning.他是今早所有迟到学生中的一个。

Oneofthestudents

______latethismorning.其中有一个学生迟到了。(主语)②Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______latethismorning.他是今早唯一一个迟到的学生。were

was

was

主谓一致当先行词是“theonlyoneof＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用单数形式；

当先行词是“oneof＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式。

①ItwasApril29,2011____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.

②ItwasonApril29,2011____PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothePalacehalloftheweddingceremony.

A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.beforeBA分清定语从句和强调句型Step1Step2Step3识别定从，找到先行词判断先行词代指人还是物判断从句中缺少什么成分选定恰当的关系词Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,