三年（2023-2025）湖南中考英语真题分类汇编：专题02 说明文、议论文阅读（解析版）

专题02说明文&议论文阅读

（2025·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

Whatareinsects(昆虫)likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?Insectsareveryinterestinganimals.

Theymaybesmall,buttheyaresmartandhard-working.Scientistshavestudieddifferentkindsofinsectsvery

closely.Accordingtotheirstudies,eventhesmallestinsectshavetoolstohelpdotheirwork.

Haveyoueverseenalittleflycalledasawfly?Itgetssuchanamebecauseithasasaw(锯子)thatisusedon

plantstocreateasafespaceforitseggs.Afterlayingitseggs,thesawflymakessomeglue.Thegluefixestheeggs

towheretheyarelaid.

Anotherinsectthathasitsownnaturaltoolisthepoppybee(蜂).Thebeesliveinwood.Likepeoplewho

makethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthe

nesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescatoutpiecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.They

thenjointhepiecestogetherandputthemintothenest.

Antsarealsoknownfortheircleveruseofnaturaltools.Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowaterso

thattheytakeinthewater.Thentheantscarrythembacktotheirnests.Therearemoreinsectsthananyotherliving

thingsintheworld.Everyinsectisspecial.Themoreyounoticethem,themoretheywillsurpriseyou.

1.Howdoesthewriterstartthetopic?

A.Byaskingquestions.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bymakingcomparisons.

2.Whatcanweknowaboutpoppybeesfromparagraph3?

A.Theycleantheirnestswithbigleaves.

B.Theypotpiecesofleavesaroundnests.

C.Theydignestsbeforecuttingoutleaves.

3.Whichofthefollowinguseleavestotakeinwateraccordingtothetext?

A.Sawflies.B.Poppybees.C.Ants.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.InsectsandToolsB.AnimalsandEggsC.PlantsandLeaves

【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.A

【导语】本文主要介绍了昆虫如何使用工具，如锯蝇的锯子、罂粟蜂的挖巢工具以及蚂蚁利用树叶吸

水等。

1.细节理解题。根据“Whatareinsects(昆虫)likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?”可知，作者

是通过提问的方式引入话题。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据“Likepeoplewhomakethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢

穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthenesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescutout

piecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.”可知，罂粟蜂在挖好巢穴后才开始切割树叶。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据“Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowatersothattheytakeinthewater.Then

theantscarrythembacktotheirnests.”可知，蚂蚁利用树叶吸水。故选C。

4.最佳标题题。全文主要介绍了昆虫如何使用工具，如锯蝇的锯子、罂粟蜂的挖巢工具以及蚂蚁利用

树叶吸水等。因此最佳标题应为“昆虫与工具”。故选A。

（2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

Onemorning,Istoppedatmyfavoriterestauranttogetsomethingtoeatandgotcomfortableatasmalltable.

Shortlyafter,Inoticedfouryoungpeoplesittingatatablenearme.Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,

theyalllookedattheirphonesandcontinuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.Afterphotographingtheirfood,

theyate,continuingtolookattheirphones.Iwaswonderingwhytheycameheretoeattogether.Theywere

phubbing,orphonesnubbing(冷落),averycommonproblemthesedays.

Youmaynotknowtheword“phubbing”,butthiskindofactisnotstrangetoyou.Infact,32%ofpeople

reportthattheyarephubbedtwoorthreetimesaday.

Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?Doyouscroll(上下

滑动)throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?Ifyouranswerisyestoeitherof

them,youmightbea“phubber”.

ThewriterofThePsychologyofPhubbingdidasurveyandfoundthattheinfluenceofphubbingon

relationshipscanbeveryharmfulordestructive.Forexample,childrenfeltthatparentswhophubbedthemdidn’t

careaboutthem.Thisledtoafeelingofbeingleftout.Also,partnerswhowerephubbedmightbelesssatisfied

withtherelationshipbecauseofjealousy(嫉妒)andworries.

Phubbingisalearnedact,sounlearningitispossible.Startbyacceptingtheproblem.Setatimelimit(限制)

fornotusingyourphone.Createareaswherephonesareoff-limits.

Don’tletthemoderntechnologywhichisdesigned(设计)tobringpeopletogetherseparateyoufromothers.

5.Whatdidthefouryoungpeoplekeepdoingbeforetheirordersarrived?

A.Greetingeachother.B.Lookingattheirphones.C.Photographingtheirfood.

6.Howdoesthewriterintroducetheword“phubber”inParagraph3?

A.Byraisingquestions.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bygivingreasons.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“destructive”inParagraph4mean?

A.微乎其微的B.积极正向的C.有破坏性的

8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.Towarnpeopleagainstphubbing.

B.Toshowhowphonesbringpeoplecloser.

C.Topresenttheadvantagesofmoderntechnology.

【答案】5.B6.A7.C8.A

【解析】【导语】本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间

去做其他有意义的事情。

5.细节理解题。根据“Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,theyalllookedattheirphonesand

continuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.”可知，几个人一直在盯着手机看，故选B。

6.细节理解题。根据“Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?

Doyouscroll(上下滑动)throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?”可知，作者在第

三段通过提出问题介绍“phubber”这个词。故选A。

7.词句猜测题。根据“...foundthattheinfluenceofphubbingonrelationshipscanbeveryharmfulor

destructive”可知，此处destructive与“harmful”语意相近，故选C。

8.主旨大意题。本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间

去做其他有意义的事情。故选A。

（2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

IusedtoteachEnglishasavolunteerinAfrica.Someofmyfriendsaskedme,“Don’tyoumissyourhome,

Emily?”ItoldthemIwastheonlychildinmyfamilyandItrulyhadaneasylifeathome.However,Igotboredof

havinga“good”timeathomeandneededachange.

ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach.Iwassurprisedathowsmarttheywere.

Talkingwiththemmademethinkalot.Whenyoucomefromapoorarea,youmustgrowupfastanddealwithall

kindsofdifficultsituations.

VolunteeringhasalwaysbeeneasyformebecauseIdon’tliketodothesamethingseveryday.Myjobalso

givesmethefreedomtochoosewhenandwhereIwork.AlthoughIdon’tgetpaidforvolunteering,I’moldenough

toknowthatmoneyisnottheonlywaytogetrewarded(回报).Theexperienceitselfispriceless.Imakelotsof

connectionswithgoodpeople.Also,whenIvolunteer,IoftenworkwithpeoplewhoareworseoffthanIam.That

hastaughtmetopracticethankfulnessforwhatIhave.Believeme,thislifelessonisworthamilliondollars.

Iamnotaperfectperson.Inasense,IthinkI’mselfish(自私的).Butyoudon’thavetobeaperfect,selfless

persontovolunteer.Infact,Ihavebenefited(受益)alotfromvolunteering.Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcan

alsohelpyourself,too.Thebiggestbenefitofvolunteeringisthatithelpsyoudevelopyourcharacter(品质),and

that’sthepassporttoarichandmeaningfullife.

9.WhydidEmilyvolunteerinAfrica?

A.Shelivedareallydifficultlifeathome.

B.Shehopedtolearnanewlanguagethere.

C.Shewantedtoexperiencesomethingnew.

10.HowweretheAfricankidsinEmily’seyesinParagraph2?

A.Quiteteachable.B.Hardtodealwith.C.Boredoflearning.

11.WhatdoesEmilygetfromhervolunteeringexperience?

A.Thefreedomtochooseawell-paidjob.

B.Thechancetoconnectwithgoodpeoplealot.

C.Theabilitytoexpressthanksforwhatshehaslost.

12.WhichofthefollowingwouldEmilymostprobablyagreewith?

A.Useitorloseit.B.Oldhabitsdiehard.C.Givingisreceiving.

【答案】9.C10.A11.B12.C

【解析】

【导语】本文讲述了Emily作为一名志愿者在非洲教授英语的经历。

9．细节理解题。根据“However,Igotboredofhavinga‘good’timeathomeandneededachange.”可知Emily

在非洲做志愿者是因为她厌倦了在家里的“美好”时光，需要一些改变，即她想体验一些新的事物。故选C。

10.细节理解题。根据“ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach”可知在Emily

眼中，非洲的孩子们渴望学习，很容易教。故选A。

11.细节理解题。根据“Imakelotsofconnectionswithgoodpeople.”可知Emily从她的志愿者经历中得到

了很多与好人建立联系的机会。故选B。

12.推理判断题。根据“Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcanalsohelpyourself,too”可知Emily认为做志愿

者既能帮助别人，也能帮助自己，即付出就是收获。故选C。

（2024·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

Headphonesarehelpful.Manykidsusethem.Butheadphonescanbeharmful,too.Theycancausehearing

lossifthevalue（音量）istooloud.StudiesshowthatoneoutofeverytenkidsintheUnitedStateshassome

hearingloss.Thecauseisloudnoise.

Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（细胞）insidetheearsthathelpushear.Wecan'tseethemwithour

eyes."Wecallthemhaircell,"JackieClarksaid."Theylooklikehairsstandingup."Clarkisascientistatthe

UniversityofTexas.Shestudiesnoisesandears.Soundcannotbeseen,butilcanmakethehaircellsmoveback

andforward.Thinkofthewindintheleaves.

Loudnoisescandamage（损伤）thesecells.Andoncethecellsaredamaged，theydon'tgrowback.Sometimes,

there'stinnitus."It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（长笛）foralongtime."Clarksays.Itshowswe're

losinghearing.Tinnitusisnotonlyharmfultoourears,alsoitcanmakeusfeeluneasy.That'swhyit'snecessaryto

protectourears.

Howcanweprotectourears?We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.Weshouldbe

abletohearsoundsaroundus.Andotherpeopleshouldn'thearnoisefromourheadphones."IfIcanhearwhat

you'relisteningtowhenyou'rewearingyourheadphones,"Clarksays,"It'stooloud."Toprotectourears,keepour

headphonesatabouthalfvolume.

13．Whatcanweknowabouthaircells?

A．Theyhelpushear.

B．Theylooklikehairslyingdown.

C．Theycanbeseenclearlywithoureyes.

14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tinnitus"meaninparagraph3

A．Amusicalvoice.

B．Akindofinstrument.

C．Ringinginears.

15．What'sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?

A．Togiveadvice.

B．Toshowproblems.

C．Toexplainreasons.

16．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Beforelisteningtomusic,chooseagoodheadphone.

B．Whenusingaheadphone,keepthevolumelow.

C．Afterusingaheadphone,checkyourcars.

【答案】13．A14．C15．A16．B

【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要说明当我们使用耳机时，要将音量调低以保护耳朵。

13．细节理解题。根据原文Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（细胞）insidetheearsthathelpus

hear，…Wecan'tseethemwithoureyes."Wecallthemhaircell"，你知道我们是如何听到声音的吗？耳朵里有

细胞帮助我们听到声音……我们无法用眼睛看到它们。"我们称它们为毛细胞"，可知"毛细胞"是帮助我们听

到声音的一种细胞，答案是Theyhelpushear。故选A。

14．细节理解题。根据原文"It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（长笛）foralongtime."就像有

人在笛子上长时间吹奏一个音符一样，以及"Itshowswe'relosinghearing"这表明我们正在丧失听力，可知这

是对前一句"Sometimes，there'stinnitus."的解释。所以的意思是"耳鸣"。答案是tinnitus。故选C。

15．推理判断题。根据原文"Howcanweprotectourears？We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseour

headphones.…"我们如何保护我们的耳朵？使用耳机时最好将音量调低，可知对"如何保护我们的耳朵"提出

建议，答案是Togiveadvice..故选A。

16．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Headphonesarehelpful…Butheadphonescanbeharmful，too"耳机很有

用……但耳机也可能有害；第三段"Loudnoisescandamage（损伤）thesecells"巨大的噪音会损害这些细胞；

第四段"We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones."使用耳机时最好把音量调低，可知文章

通过举例主要说明当我们使用耳机时，要将音量调低以保护耳朵。故选B。

（2024·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

Wouldyoubeabletosleepwithoneeyeopen?Bottlenosedolphins（宽吻海豚）can.Whentheysleep,only

halfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe.Halfoftheirbrainsleepsforabouttwo

hoursbeforetheotherhalfoftheirbraingetsaChancetosleep.Sometimes,thedolphinswillkeepswimming

whiletheyaresleeping.

Dolphinsarenotfish-theyaremammals（哺乳动物）.Thesemammalshavelungs（肺）.Andtheydon'thave

gul（l腮）likefish.Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotothesurfaceofthewaterlogetairintotheirlungs.

Dolphinsdon'tlayeggsTheiryoungarebornalive,andtheydrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.

Dolphinsareoneofthesmartestanimalsintheworld.Therearemanystoriesabouthowtheysavepeopleout

ofwater.Theyareabletosolvemanyproblemslikehumans.Theycanevenusetoolstocatchfish.Buttheir

clevernessdoesn'tendthere.Dolphinscanalsopassonanythingtheylearntootherdolphins,likeinteresting

fishingskills.Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.

Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound.Anotherthing

thatshowstheirclevernessisthattheycanalsoknowthemselvesinamirror（镜子）andcheckdifferentpartsof

theirbodyinit.

17．Whydobottlenosedolphinssleepwithoneeyeopen?

A．Tostaysafe.

B．Tosleepfortwohours.

C．Toswimfaster.

18．Whatcanwelearnaboutdolphinsfromparagraph2?

A．Theyusegillstogetair.

B．Theyarewarm-blooded.

C．Theylayeggslikefish.

19．Howdodolphinstalktoeachother?

A．Bylearningfishingskills.

B．Byusingdifferentsounds.

C．Bycheckingtheirbodies.

20．Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagebetakenfrom?

A．Art.B．Health.C．Nature.

【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．C

【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖；细节理解；推理判断

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍介绍了海豚的生活习性。

17．细节理解题。根据原文"Whentheysleep，onlyhalfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeye

opentostaysafe."当他们睡觉时，只有一半的大脑处于睡眠状态。他们睡觉时会睁着一只眼睛以保证安全，

可知海豚睁着一只眼睛睡觉时为了保证安全。故选A。

18．细节理解题。根据原文"Theyarealsowarm-blooded"它们也是温血动物，可知海豚是温血动物。答

案是Theyarewarm-blooded。故选B。

19．细节理解题。根据原文"Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundsto

talktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhich

sound."它们用多种方式相互交流。它们用不同的声音相互交谈。海豚知道其他海豚的"声音"，甚至知道谁在

发出哪种声音"，可知海豚用不同的声音相互交谈。答案是Byusingdifferentsounds。故选B。

20．推理判断题。通读全文可知这是一篇说明文，介绍了海豚的生活习性，所以文章可能出自自然杂

志。故选C。

（2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.

Sincethen,ithasenjoyedworldwidepopularity.

Thegreatmusicalworkincludesfourparts:"Spring","Summer","Autumn"and‘‘Winter".Eachpartbringsto

mindtheseasonitismeanttodescribe."Summer",forexample,beginsslowly.Listenerscaneasilypictureahot,

lazysummerdaywhennobodywantstomove.Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收获)celebrationwill

readilycometomind.

Butnow,HacheCosta,amusicdirectorinSpain,hasdecidedtogivetheoldworkafreshfeel.Hesaysthe

climate(气候)todayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasinthe1700s.TheFourSeasonswouldbe"alotdirtier"ifit

werewrittennow.

Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthemodernworld.The‘"updated"

musicalworkhasbeenplayedinMadrid,Spain.Theperformancetakesplaceinfrontofascreen.Asthemusicians

play,avideoshowstheeffects(影响)ofclimatechange,suchasforestfiresandunusuallydryweather.

Afterenjoyingit,peoplefindthenew"Summer"nowsoundsnoisierandmorepowerful.Becauseofglobal

warming(全球变暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecomeshorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"

afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons.

"Ireallywantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意识到)whatishappeningtoourplanet,"saysCosta.

"AndIbelieveVivaldiwouldnotbeangrywithmychanges."

21．WhatdoweknowaboutTheFourSeasons?

A．Itisstillunpopularnow.

B．ItwaswrittenbyHacheCosta.

C．Itwasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.

22．Whatwillcometomindwhenwelistentotheold"Autumn"accordingtothepassage?

A．Forestfiresanddryweather.

B．Aharvestcelebration.

C．Ahotlazyday.

23．Whichisclosetotheunderlinedword"updated"inmeaninginParagraph4?

A．提上日程B．追根溯源C．赋予新意

24．WhydidHacheCostagivetheoldworkafreshfeel?

A．Tocallonmorepeopletolovemusic.

B．Toraisepublicawarenessofclimatechange.

C．TopresentthestoryofAntonioVivaldi'scolorfullife.

【答案】21．C22．B23．C24．B

【知识点】说明文；音乐作品赏析与文化价值；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍意大利音乐家创作了《四季》，现在西班牙音乐总监哈奇·科斯塔决定

给这部老作品赋予一种新鲜感，他希望更多的人真正意识到气候变化的影响。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相

关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

21．细节理解题。根据第一段TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirst

playedabout300yearsago可知，意大利音乐家安东尼奥·维瓦尔第创作的《四季》首次演奏是在大约300年

前，故选C。

22．细节理解题。根据第二段Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收获)celebrationwillreadilycometo

mind.可知，当你听到"秋天"时，你会很容易想到丰收的庆祝，故选B。

23．词义猜测题。根据第四段Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthe

modernworld.可知，Costa重新创作了这部音乐作品，使其符合现代世界的现实，这是给这部音乐作品"赋

予新意"，故选C。

24．推理判断题。根据第五段Becauseofglobalwarming(全球变暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecome

shorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons.和第六段lreally

wantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意识到)whatishappeningtoourplanet.可知，由于全球变暖，其他

三个季节变短了。Costa说，他预计人们在听了新的《四季》之后会感到"非常难过"。作者希望更多的人真

正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。由此可知，Costa给老作品带来新鲜感是为了提高公众对气候变化的认

识，故选B。

（2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucan'tfindthetimetodoalongworkout?Haveyouheardofexercisesnacks

(零食式锻炼)?

Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofspendinghoursonthe

playground,peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20

secondstotwominutes.Thenyoucanhavearestfor30minutestofourhoursbeforeanothersnack.

Itisreportedthatexercisesnackscanbeasusefulastraditionalexercisemethods.Justthreeexercisesnacksa

daycanbenefit(使受益)yourphysicalhealth.Besidesthat,therearelotsofotherbenefits.Yourconcentration(专

注力)andcreativitygetbetter,andyoucanbecomemoreproductive.Also,"snacking"throughoutthedaystops

youfromsittingtoolong.

Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumpingropeorrunningupanddownsome

stairs(楼梯).Butforthosewhodon'tknowwheretostart,herearesomehelpfulexercisechoices:

Exercisessuchasliftingweightswillsatisfytheneeds.Sincemostpeopledon'tkeepweightsattheiroffices,

liftfullwaterbottles.

Squats(深蹲)—movingyourbodyasiftositdownwhilekeepingyourbackstraight.Fivetotenofthese

shouldmakeagoodsnack.

Forthosewhodon'tliketraditionalexercises,simplyturnupthemusic.Pickalivelysongandstartdancing.

It'llmakeforafunworkout.

Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankyouforit!

25．Howlongcananexercisesnacklastaccordingtothepassage?

A．20secondstotwominutes.

B．30minutestofourhours.

C．Fivetotenminutes.

26．Whichisanacceptableexercisesnackmentionedinthepassage?

A．Doingmathexercises.

B．Eatingsnacks.

C．Doingsit-ups.

27．Whatisthewriter'sattitude(态度)toexercisesnacks?

A．Doubtful.B．Unclear.C．Supportive.

28．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A．Tochangetraditionaleatinghabits.

B．Tointroduceaninventivenewwaytostayfit.

C．Toencouragepeopletodolong-timeoutdoorexercise.

【答案】25．A26．C27．C28．B

【知识点】说明文；健康与健身；细节理解；推理判断

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了零食式锻炼。

25．细节理解题。根据第二段中peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlast

anywherefrom20secondstotwominutes.可知零食式锻炼可持续20秒至2分钟，故选A。

26．细节理解题。根据第四段中Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumping

ropeorrunningupanddownsomestairs.可知，做仰卧起坐是文中提到的一种可接受的零食式锻炼，故选C。

27．推理判断题。根据最后一段Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankforit!可

知，作者呼吁大家行动起来，他认为零食式锻炼对身体有好处，故选C。

28．写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayfor

peopletostayfit.和最后一段中的Yourbodywillthankforit!可知，本文主要介绍了一种让人们保持健康的新

方式——零食式锻炼，故选B。

（2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天机器人)tool.ItisdevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI.Itisverypopular

allovertheworld.Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTtohelpwiththeirhomework.

Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.

SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancedon'tuseChatGPT.TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeit

easierforstudentstocheat(作弊)onhomework.SomepeoplealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtogive

wronginformation.

However,notallschoolssay"no"toChatGPT.SomeCanadianschoolsaremakingdecisionsonitsusefor

bothstudentsandteachers.TheywillnotstoptheuseofChatGPT.BhaskarVira,ateacherattheschoolin

Cambridge,saidthatnotusingChatGPTisnotclever."WehavetoknowthatpeoplewillgetusedtoanAItoolin

ourlearning,teachingandexaminations,"hetoldaschoolnewspaper.

29．ChatGPTisa____AIchatbottool.

A．strangeB．uselessC．smart

30．WhatcanChatGPTdo?

A．Flykites.B．Cookfood.C．Writestories.

31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A．ChatGPTwasdevelopedbyCanada.

B．ChatGPTcanhelpwithhomework.

C．AllschoolsinFranceuseChatGPT.

32．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．ChatGPT

B．AUselessTool

C．TheHistoryofAI

【答案】29．C30．C31．B32．A

【知识点】社会现象类；说明文；细节理解；标题选择；人工智能（AI）

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及不利之处。

29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天机器人)tool."可知，ChatGPT

是一款智能AI聊天机器人工具，故选C。

30．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTto

helpwiththeirhomework.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsof

questions.据报道，超过89%的学生使用过ChatGPT帮助他们完成家庭作业。你可以让它写故事和电子邮件，

翻译语言，并回答各种问题。"可知ChatGPT可以写故事，故选C。

31．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeiteasierforstudentsto

cheat(作弊)onhomework"可知，它可以帮助学生们做作业，故选B。

32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及不利之处，故选A。

（2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

InChina,thereare24solarterms(节气)inayear.Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginning

ofwinter,lightsnow,heavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold.

BeginningofwinterusuallyfallsonNovember7thor8th.Onthisday,afterayearofhardwork,peopleare

happytohavearestandspendtimewiththefamily.ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe

"SmallSpringFestival".Peopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday.

LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnowusuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th.

Whenwintersolsticecomes,itbringstheshortestdaysoftheyearandthelongestnights.Manyplacesaroundthe

countrycanexpectthecoldestweather.

Greatercoldcomesafterlessercold.Thefieldiscoveredwithsnow.AndallChinesearereadytowelcomethe

SpringFestivalafterit.Ofcourse,anewroundofsolartermswillstart.

33．Howmanysolartermsarethereinwinter?

A．Five.B．Six.C．Seven.

34．WhatdopeopleinthenorthernChinausuallyhaveonbeginningofwinter?

A．Dumplingsandmuttonsoup.

B．Noodlesandfish.

C．Riceandchicken.

35．Whendoesheavysnowusuallyfall?

A．OnNovember22ndor23rd.

B．OnDecember1stor2nd.

C．OnDecember7thor8th.

36．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A．Beginningofwinter.

B．Thesolartermsinwinter.

C．Greatercold.

【答案】33．B34．A35．C36．B

【知识点】人文地理类；说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气。

33．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter."可知，冬天有六个节气，

故选B。

34．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe'Small

SpringFestivalPeopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday."可知，在中国北方，人们通常在这

一天吃饺子和羊肉汤来庆祝立冬。故选A。

35．细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子"LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnow

usuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th."可知，小雪通常在11月22日或23日，大雪通常在12月7日或8日。

故选C。

36．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginningofwinter,

lightsnowheavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold"可知，本文主要介绍了冬季的6

个节气，故选B。

（2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

TherewereactorsperformingQinqiangOperaattheTangParadiseonFebruary5th,2023.TangParadise,

locatedinthesouthofXi'an,isalargeculturalthemeparkshowingthelifestyleoftheTangDynasty.Qinqiang

Opera,whichcamefromtheancientfolksongsanddancesofthepeopleinShaanxiandGansuprovince,isoneof

thelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,thelocaloperadatesallthewaybackto

theQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).QinqiangOperaisareflectionofancientChinesepeople'sdailylifeand

feelings.

However,thedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusicinfluencedQinqiangOperadeepinthe1990s.During

thisdifficulttime,manyQinqiangOperaactorshadnochoicebuttoleavetheo