广东省深圳市光明区高级中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题（含答案）

第第页广东省深圳市光明区高级中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题一、ABusinessEtiquette(礼仪)WorkshopfortheProfessionalOurBusinessEtiquetteWorkshopforProfessionals(BEWP)willpolishupyourpersonalbrandandgiveyoutheconfidenceneededforserialsuccess.Makeapositiveandpowerfulfirstimpression·Projectconfidencewithyourgreeting·Positiveandnegativebodylanguage·SpeakinthetighttoneBusinesscommunicationsandofficemanners·Businessmeetingmanners·Cellphoneetiquette&texting·EmailcommunicationsNetworkknow-how·Howtostartandkeepaconversation·Howtoholdyourfoodanddrinks·BusinesscardexchangeTheprofessionalimage·Howtherightcolorsenhanceyourappearance·Professionaldressformen·Wardrobeandmake-uptipsforwomenBusinessdiningetiquetteandtablemanners·Extendinganinvitation&dutiesofthehostandguest·Seatingarrangementsinabusinesssetting·PayingthebillandtippingFive-hourworkshopincludes:·Professionaltrainingworkshop·Trainingmanual(指南)·Four-courselunch·WorkshoptrainingcertificateWorkshopfee:$495.00perpersonBusinessprofessionals,smallbusinessownersandcollegegraduateswillbenefitgreatlyfromourworkshop.Ifyouareinterestedintakinganyoftheclassesorcoursesmentionedabove,wewouldlovetoknowalittlebitaboutyou.PleaseclickthelinktofilloutourRegistrationFormsowemayprovideyouwiththebestservice.OrganizeagroupBusinessEtiquetteWorkshopfortheProfessionalmaybebookedforprivategroups.Pricingwillvarydependingonthesizeofyourgroup.Formoreinformationpleasecall480-510-6346oremailSueBrownatinfo@.1．WhatcanyoulearninBEWP?A．Howtokeepahealthydiet. B．Howtobepoliteonthephone.C．HowtousetheInternetwisely. D．Howtomanagetimeeffectively.2．WhatwillyougetifyouattendBEWP?A．Four-coursefreesupper. B．Acomputermanual.C．Businesssuits. D．Acertificate.3．HowcanpeopleacquiremoreinformationaboutBEWP?A．Bytexting. B．Bywritingaletter.C．Bysendinganemail. D．ByvisitingSueBrown'soffice.二、BFather'sDay,aboxybrightredboat,wasdesignedandmadebyHugoVihlen.Ithadnoroomforunnecessarythingsandonlyverylimitedroomforhim.Vihlenoncemadean84-daycrossingoftheAtlanticOceanin1968.Itwasthenthesmallestboattohavemadethejourney.ThesailingboatAprilFoolwas5feetand11incheslong.ButTomMcNallybroketheworldrecordin1993bycrossingtheAtlanticinaboatthatwas5feetand4.5incheslong.Inordertoregaintheworldrecord,HugosetoutalonelaterthatsameyeartocrosstheAtlanticfromNewfoundlandtoFalmouth.ThistimehewasinFather'sDay,hishome-builtboat,whichwashalfaninchshorterthanMcNally's.Duringhiscrossing,Hugohadtosleeponhisbackwithhiskneesbent.Hewokeeveryhourtocheckhisheadingdirectionandgeneralsailingconditions.AfterfacingeverythingtheAtlanticOceancouldthrowathim,andsomecloseencounterswithlargeships,HugofinallyarrivedinFalmouth105dayslater.Hecouldhardlywalkandhadlost34poundsinweight,buthehadregainedhisrecord.HisreceptiononarrivalinFalmouthwashardlyahero'swelcome.Oneofthewaitingjournalistsfoundhimapizzatoeatwhilehisboatwastakentoalocalsailingboatclub.Whentheyarrivedatthesailingclubforacelebrationtea,theyfoundtheclubdosed.Hefeltapityforthat.Butluckily,amemberofthepublicbroughtabottleofchampagnetotoasthissuccess.4．WhydidHugoVihlencrosstheAtlanticinhisboatin1993?A．Totesthisnewlybuiltboat.B．TomakeFather'sDayfamous.C．Todrawpublicattentiontosailing.D．TobreakTomMcNally'sworldrecord.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutHugoVihlen'scrossingtheAtlanticOcean?A．Ittookhalfayear.B．Itwasverydifficultanduncomfortable.C．ItwasbeyondHugoVihlen'sexpectation.D．ItmadeHugoVihlenseriouslyinjuredafewtimes.6．HowwasHugoVjhlen'sreceptiononarrivalinFalmouth?A．Itattractedagreatdealofmediaattention.B．Itfinallyturnedintoasimplecelebration.C．Itwasarrangedinaseriousway.D．Itwasexactlyahero'swelcome.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．ThelegendofFather'sDay.B．Anunexpectednewworldrecord.C．CelebrationofHugoVihlen'sgreatachievement.D．HugoVihlen's'storyofsailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.三、CSingaporeresearcherssaytheyhavedevelopedaformofelectronicskinthatcancreateasenseoftouch.Theyhopetheirinventionwillgivepeoplewithprosthetichands(假肢手)theabilitytoidentifydifferentobjects.Theskindevicemeasures1squarecentimeter.Thesystemcontains100smallsensorsthatattempttorecreatethingsliketexture(质地),temperatureandevenpain.TheresearcherscallthedeviceAsynchronousCodedElectronicSkin,orACES,whichcanprocessinformationfasterthanhumans'nervoussystem.Machinelearningmethodstrainedthedevicetorecognize20to30differenttextures.ItcanevencorrectlyreadBraillelettersmostofthetime,theresearcherssay.Thesystemdoesnotrequiretheusers'movementtowork.Humansneedtoslidetofeeltexture.Butinthiscasetheskin,withjustasingletouch,isabletodetecttexturesofdifferentroughness.Ademonstrationshowedthatthedevicecouldidentifythedifferencebetweenasoftballandasolidplasticone."Whenyouloseyoursenseoftouch,youessentiallybecomenumbandprostheticusersfacethatproblem,"saidBenjaminTee,leaderoftheresearchteam."Sobyrecreatinganartificialversionoftheskin,fortheirprostheticdevices,theycanholdahandandfeelthewarmthandfeelthatitissoft."TeesaidhisideaforthedevicecamefromthemovieStarWars,whencharacterLukeSkywalkerloseshisrighthandanditisreplacedwitharoboticone.Inthefilm,thenewhandisabletoexperiencetouchsensationsjustliketherealone.Theartificialskintechnologyisstillgoingthroughexperimentsanddevelopment.ButTeesaidtherehadalreadybeenalotofinterestinthesystem,especiallyfromthemedicalcommunity.Teesaidsimilarinventionsthathisteamhasdevelopedincludesee-throughskinthatcanrepairitselfwhentornandamaterialforwearableelectronicdevicesthatgivesofflight.8．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeACES?A．Tinyandsmart. B．Simpleandfashionable.C．Roughandready. D．See-throughandshort-lived.9．WhatdoBenjaminTee'swordsmean?A．Theartificialskinfeelswarmwhentouched.B．Theprostheticdevicesshouldbemadesofter.C．Thedevicecanrecreatethefeelingofrealtouch.D．Thesenseoftouchisoftenoverlookedbypeople.10．WhatinspiredBenjaminTeetodevelopACES?A．Thefinancialneeds. B．Asceneofafamousmovie.C．TheinterestinBrailleletters. D．Adesiretohelpthoseinneed.11．WhatdoesBenjaminTeethinkoftheartificialskintechnology?A．Mature B．Unreliable C．Promising D．Debatable四、DRhesusmonkeyshaveasenseoftheirbeatinghearts,accordingtothenewresearchweconducted.Somepreviousresearchhasshownthatrhesusmonkeyscouldbetrainedtoincreaseanddecreasetheirheartrates.Butanopenquestionhasbeenwhethermonkeyshaveanunlearnedabilitytosensetheirbodilysignalsratherthanbeingtaughttodoso.Bothhumanbabiesandmonkeysspendmoretimelookingatthingsthatareunexpectedornovelthantheydolookingatthingstheyexpectorareusedtoseeing.Weusedataskthatreliesonthisbehavior—originallydevelopedtotestwhetherhumanbabiescansensetheirownheartbeats—toseeifmonkeysalsohavethisability.Wefirstgotourmonkeystositinchairsinfrontofacomputerscreenandlinkedthemtoelectrocardiograms(心电图)tomonitortheirheartbeats.Thenweplayedvideosofeitherayelloworgreencloudbouncing(弹跳)upanddownaccompaniedbybeepingsounds.Sometimesthebouncingandbeepingweresynched(同步)tomatchthemonkey'sheartbeat,whileatothertimestheywereoutofsync.Ifthemonkeyshadasenseoftheirownheartbeats,theywouldfindthein-syncbouncinglessinterestingthantheout-of-syncbouncing,andthereforewouldspendmoretimelookingattheout-of-syncimage.Wetestedfourmonkeysand,justlikehumanbabies,theylookedattheshapesthatbouncedandsoundedoutofsyncwiththeirheartbeatsforsignificantlylongerthanthein-syncshapes.Additionally,theextenttowhichourmonkeyspaidmoreattentiontoout-of-syncshapesthanin-syncshapeswasveryakintothedifferenceinhumanbabies.Thesefindingsstronglysuggestthatmonkeyshaveaninbornsenseoftheirownheartbeats,justlikehumanbabiescandoexactly.Ourworkshowsthatmonkeysandhumanshaveacomparablesenseoftheirownheartbeatsandestablishesamethodfortestingthisabilityacrossspecies.Inhumans,thisskillisthoughttobecentraltoemotionalexperiences,self-awareness,memory,etc.Sensingone'sownphysiologicalstatesabnormallyisrelatedtodisorderssuchasanxietyanddepression.Thisworkhasapositiveeffectonestablishingrhesusmonkeysasananimalmodelforhumanpsychologicaldisorderresearch.12．Whatisthequestionunsettledbypreviousresearch?A．Howtoteachmonkeystosharetheirfeelings.B．Howtotrainmonkeystosensebodilysignals.C．Whethermonkeyscanchangetheirheartrates.D．Whethermonkeyscansenseheartbeatsbynature.13．Whatfactisthenewresearchbasedon?A．Monkeysarecuriousaboutnewthings.B．Monkeystendtolearnnovelthingsfast.C．Monkeyshavestrongobservationabilities.D．Monkeysareinterestedinbouncingupanddown.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"akin"inparagraph4possiblymean?A．Acceptable. B．Important. C．Strange. D．Similar.15．Whatisthesignificanceofthenewresearch?A．Itprovesmonkeys'similaremotionalexperiencestohumans'.B．Ithelpsconfirmamodelforfurthermentaldiseaseresearch.C．Ithelpsprovideanapproachforanimalstosensetheirheartbeats.D．Itestablishesamethodforimprovingmonkeys'psychologicalfeatures.五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Phoneaddictionhasanumberofnegativeeffects.Herearesomewaystoremoveit.Inordernottolookatyourphoneassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning,placeyourphoneinanotherroomoryourcoatpocket.Thenspendatleastthefirst30minutesofyourdaybuildinggoodhabits.16．Studiesshowthatonaverageweusethephone50to150timesaday.17．Youcoulddosomereading,doacrosswordpuzzleorevensomethingassimpleasawalkintheyard—anythinghelpingyougetridofyourphoneisOK.Oneofthemainproblemswithsmartphonesisthatyouworryifyoudon'tcheckyourphoneregularly,youmaymissoutonsomethingimportant,suchasinvitationstoeventsorworkemails.18．Whensomeonehassomethingimportanttotellyou,theymaygiveyouacall.Therefore,itisOKtostayawayfromyourphonesometimes.What'sgoingonintherealworld,rightinfrontofyou,isalmostalwaysmoreimportantthanwhatishappeningonline.Putawayyourphonewhenyouarewithsomeoneimportant.19．Forexample,havingdinnerwithfriendswillbecomeawkwardifyoualwayscheckyourphone.20．Thatisbecausebeingaddictedtothephonebeforegoingtobedgreatlyinfluencesyoursleep.Thiscanharmyourphysicalandmentalhealthinthelongrun.Therefore,makeitaruletostopusingyourphoneanhourbeforeyougotosleep.A.Askyourfriendsorfamilyforhelp.B.However,itisalmostneverthecase.C.Yoursmartphonehasalmosteverytoolthatyouneed.D.Soyoushoulddosomethingmeaningfultoavoidlookingatit.E.Agoodrestshouldbemoreimportantthanyourphoneatnight.F.Thiscouldbeexerciselikeamorningrunorcookingagoodbreakfast.G.Manyrelationshipshavesufferedbecauseofouraddictiontothephone.六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Clark,abaldeagle(秃鹰),isafrequentcommercialflier.Hetakesatleastsixtripsayear.Whentheplanetouchesdown,the21．willoftenannouncetothecabin:"Theeaglehas22．."Likemanypassengerswhotouchdowninthenation'scapital,Clarkhasaprettyhighprofile.Hiseaglefather,Captain,wasgivenasa23．totheUnitedStatesin1982byWestGerman.Atthetime,thebaldeaglewasendangered,andenvironmentalistswere24．aboutthepresent.Atitslowpoint,thebaldeaglepopulationhadfallento417knownnestingpairs.TheUnitedStatesmadegreateffortsto25．thebaldeaglepopulationandtheresultwas26．.Thespecieswassavedandthebaldeaglewas27．fromthelistofthreatenedspeciesin2007.Captainwaspartofacriticalconservationbreedingprogram,28．sixhealthyeaglets(雏鹰).WhileClark'ssiblingswere29．intothewild,Clarkhasspenthiswholelifeunderhumancare.Clark'sclaw(爪)didnotform30．andjustdidn'tgivehimthe31．thathewouldneed.Afterall,thewildisnotthemost32．place.Clarktravelsacrossthecountryto33．flightdemonstrationsandothereducationalprogramsatevents.Peoplereactsimilarlywhentheyseehimatevents.They're34．.Clark'sphysicalpresenceleavesalastingimpressionand35．peopletocaremoreaboutconservationefforts.21．A．driver B．passenger C．pilot D．conductor22．A．boarded B．landed C．left D．launched23．A．gift B．decoration C．product D．reward24．A．passionate B．concerned C．excited D．curious25．A．keep B．monitor C．study D．recover26．A．satisfactory B．scary C．discouraging D．convincing27．A．excused B．protected C．removed D．separated28．A．teaching B．fathering C．catching D．adopting29．A．thrown B．changed C．divided D．freed30．A．carefully B．beautifully C．formally D．properly31．A．necessity B．company C．protection D．opportunity32．A．secret B．forgiving C．striking D．impressive33．A．learn B．seek C．observe D．perform34．A．blownaway B．putaway C．takenaway D．hiddenaway35．A．encourages B．trains C．forces D．warns七、第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号单词的正确形式。HutongsinBeijingarenarrowstreetsformedbylinesof"siheyuan",traditionalChinesecourtyardresidences.Herearethree36．(protect)hutongsinBeijing'sXichengdistrict.The1,500-meter-longDongjiaoMinxiangisthelongestofthethree,whichishome37．afewhigh-endrestaurantsandluxurystoresaswellassomecheapeatingplacesandcommonshops.But38．mostimportantattractionsareanumberofwell-preservedWestern-stylebuildings,which39．(be)oncesomeforeignofficials'homes.The496-meter-longYangmeizhuWestStreet,40．isthesecondlongestamongthem,isoriginallyfamousfor41．(it)600-year-oldarchitecture.Italsoattractstouristsforseveral42．(culture)figures,suchasShenCongwen,alate20th-centuryChineseauthorandscholar.Walkingdownthehutong,youwillseeBeijinglocals43．(play)Chinesechessortalkingabouttheirownideasonartsandlife.Differentfromtheabovetwohutongs,GongmenkouErtiaoismuch44．(short),butitiswhereLuXunMuseum45．(locate).Itisalsofilledwithhistory,cultureandinnovations.八、第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友David在你校的交换学习项目已经结束，即将回国。请你写一封信，感谢他在英语学习中给你的帮助，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.回顾得到的帮助。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearDavid,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua九、第二节读后续写(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。21yearsaftergraduatingfromcollege,IbecameahighschoolEnglishteacher.Duringmyfirsttermasaneducator,thekidstaughtmeabouthighschoolandlife,andwhatwasimportanttothem.Ithadbeen25yearssinceIgraduatedfromhighschool,soIhadalottolearn.Ilistened,tooknotes,andaskedmanyquestions.Mystudentshadmorehardship(艰难)thanwhatIhadbeenfamiliarwithattheirage.Understandingtheirsituationswasnoteasy,butlovingthemcameeasily.Whenmysecondtermbegan,myclassroomwelcomedagroupofnewstudents,includingoneyoungmanwholitupthespaceeverytimehepassedthroughthedoor.Davidstoodtallatsixfeetandfourinches.Hisstrongbodygavehimtheappearanceofagrownman.Hiswidesmileandbrighteyescharmedeverypersonintheclassroom.Hewassmart,too.Davidseemedtoknowtheanswerstoeverything.Forweeks,hecontrolledtheatmosphereofmyclass.Hewasveryactive.Heledgroupdiscussions,encouragedotherstoparticipate,andearnedthehighestgrades.IwassoimpressedbyhimandhisabilitiesthatIdidn'taskmanyquestions.Ididn'treallytaketimetogettoknowhimasIhadtobewithmyfirst-termstudents.Afewweekspassed,andweenteredthemonthofFebruary.Davidwalkedquietlyintotheclassroom.Hisusualsmiledisappeared,andhelookedcold.Iaskedifhewasokay,buthedidn'trespond.Iencouragedhimtoparticipate,butherefused.Hewasjustsilentandemotionless.Iwaspuzzled,embarrassed,upsetandalsoangryabouthisbehaviorinclass.Finally,Icalledanotherstudenttomyoffice.IhadnoticedhimoftenwalkinginthehallwayswithDavid."Doyouknowwhat'swrongwithDavid?"Iasked.Hereplied,"Oh,MrsGreen,hismom'sbirthdayiscoming,butshewasjustfoundtohavecancer."注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Iwasshockedandsad._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hopingtocomforthim,Iasked,"CanIgiveyouahug?"_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．D3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则关于职场礼仪研讨会的宣传信息，介绍了针对职场人士的商务礼仪研讨会（BEWP），涵盖打造积极有力的第一印象、商务沟通与办公室礼仪、社交技巧、职业形象塑造、商务用餐礼仪等多方面内容，研讨会为期五小时且包含专业培训、手册、午餐和证书，费用为每人495美元，适合职场人士、小企业主和大学毕业生，还提及可为私人团体预订，并提供了联系方式以获取更多信息。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解1．细节理解题。根据Businesscommunicationsandofficemanners部分中的"Cellphoneetiquette"手机礼仪，可知，你可以在BEWP里学到如何在使用手机方面表现礼貌。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据Five-hourworkshopincludes部分中的"Workshoptrainingcertificate"研讨会培训证书，可知，你将会得到一份证书。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Formoreinformationpleasecall480-510-6346oremailSueBrownatinfo@."欲了解更多信息，请致电480-510-6346或发邮件至SueBrowninfo@。可知，人们可以通过发送电子邮件来获得更多关于BEWP的信息。故选C。【答案】4．D5．B6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了HugoVihlen为重新夺回穿越大西洋的最小船只世界纪录，于1993年独自驾驶自己建造的、比之前纪录保持者TomMcNally的船还短半英寸的"父亲节号"红色小船，从纽芬兰前往法尔茅斯。途中他睡眠姿势受限且需频繁醒来检查航向与海况，历经105天、面对诸多困难后抵达法尔茅斯，虽身体虚弱、体重减轻但成功夺回纪录，然而到达时未受到英雄般的欢迎，不过最终有公众带香槟为其成功庆贺。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。

4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"ButTomMcNallybroketheworldrecordin1993bycrossingtheAtlanticinaboatthatwas5feetand4.5incheslong."但是TomMcNally在1993年打破了这项世界纪录，他驾驶一艘长5英尺4.5英寸的船横渡大西洋；以及第三段中的"Inordertoregaintheworldrecord,HugosetoutalonelaterthatsameyeartocrosstheAtlanticfromNewfoundlandtoFalmouth."为了重新获得这项世界纪录，Hugo在同一年晚些时候独自出发，从纽芬兰横渡大西洋到法尔茅斯。可知，HugoVihlen在1993年乘船横渡大西洋是为了打破TomMcNally的世界纪录。故选D。5．推理判断题。根据第四段"Duringhiscrossing,Hugohadtosleeponhisbackwithhiskneesbent.Hewokeeveryhourtocheckhisheadingdirectionandgeneralsailingconditions.AfterfacingeverythingtheAtlanticOceancouldthrowathim,andsomecloseencounterswithlargeships,HugofinallyarrivedinFalmouth105dayslater.Hecouldhardlywalkandhadlost34poundsinweight,buthehadregainedhisrecord."横渡时，Hugo只好弯着膝盖平躺着睡觉。他每小时醒来一次，检查航向和总体航行情况。在面对了大西洋可能抛给他的一切，以及几次与大型船只的近距离接触后，Hugo终于在105天后抵达法尔茅斯。他几乎无法行走，体重下降了34磅，但他又再次获得纪录。可知，HugoVihlen穿越大西洋非常困难和不舒服。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段"HisreceptiononarrivalinFalmouthwashardlyahero'swelcome.Oneofthewaitingjournalistsfoundhimapizzatoeatwhilehisboatwastakentoalocalsailingboatclub.Whentheyarrivedatthesailingclubforacelebrationtea,theyfoundtheclubdosed.Hefeltapityforthat.Butluckily,amemberofthepublicbroughtabottleofchampagnetotoasthissuccess."他在抵达法尔茅斯时受到的接待很难说是英雄般的欢迎。一位等待的记者给他找了一份比萨饼吃，而他的船则被带到了当地的一个帆船俱乐部。当他们到达帆船俱乐部喝庆祝茶时，发现俱乐部里的人都喝醉了。他为此感到很可惜。但幸运的是，一位市民带来了一瓶香槟酒，为他的成功庆祝。可知，HugoVihlen到达法尔茅斯时，接待最后变成了一个简单的庆祝活动。故选B。7．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的"Inordertoregaintheworldrecord,HugosetoutalonelaterthatsameyeartocrosstheAtlanticfromNewfoundlandtoFalmouth."为了重新获得这项世界纪录，Hugo在同一年晚些时候独自出发，从纽芬兰横渡大西洋到法尔茅斯；结合文章主要讲述了HugoVihlen为了重获世界记录，开启了一次横渡大西洋的活动，讲述了他在横渡时的经历和他到达目的地法尔茅斯后的情况。可知，文章主要讲的是HugoVihlen横渡大西洋的故事。故选D。【答案】8．A9．C10．B11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新加坡研究人员开发的一种新型电子皮肤，及其在假肢触觉感知领域的潜在应用价值。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Theskindevicemeasures1squarecentimeter.Thesystemcontains100smallsensorsthatattempttorecreatethingsliketexture(质地),temperatureandevenpain.TheresearcherscallthedeviceAsynchronousCodedElectronicSkin,orACES,whichcanprocessinformationfasterthanhumans'nervoussystem."这种皮肤装置的尺寸为1平方厘米。该系统包含100个小型传感器，它们试图重现物体的纹理、温度甚至疼痛感。研究人员称这种设备为异步编码电子皮肤或ACES，它处理信息的速度比人类的神经系统还要快。可知，ACES不仅小巧，而且还很智能。故选A。9．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Sobyrecreatinganartificialversionoftheskin,fortheirprostheticdevices,theycanholdahandandfeelthewarmthandfeelthatitissoft."所以通过给他们的假肢设备再造一种人工皮肤，他们就能在握手时感受到温暖和柔软。可知，这个设备可以重现真实的触摸感觉。故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的"TeesaidhisideaforthedevicecamefromthemovieStarWars,whencharacterLukeSkywalkerloseshisrighthandanditisreplacedwitharoboticone."Tee说他对这个装置的想法来自电影《星球大战》，当时角色卢克·天行者失去了他的手，取而代之的是一个机器手。可知，这个装置的想法来自电影《星球大战》中的场景。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"ButTeesaidtherehadalreadybeenalotofinterestinthesystem，especiallyfromthemedicalcommunity."但是Tee表示，该系统已经引起了多方关注，尤其是来自医学界的关注。可知，已经有很多人对该系统感兴趣，尤其是医学界。可推知，BenjaminTee认为人造皮肤这项技术是很有前途的。故选C。【答案】12．D13．A14．D15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一项关于恒河猴自我感知能力的重要研究发现，并阐述其在心理学研究中的潜在应用价值。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Butanopenquestionhasbeenwhethermonkeyshaveanunlearnedabilitytosensetheirbodilysignalsratherthanbeingtaughttodoso."但一个开放性的问题是，猴子是否具有未经学习就能感知身体信号的能力，而不是通过训练获得这种能力。可知，之前的研究没有解决的是猴子是否能自然地感知心跳这一问题。故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Bothhumanbabiesandmonkeysspendmoretimelookingatthingsthatareunexpectedornovelthantheydolookingatthingstheyexpectorareusedtoseeing."人类婴儿和猴子都花更多的时间去看那些意想不到或新奇的东西，而不是他们期待或习惯看到的东西。可知，猴子和人类婴儿一样，会花更多时间观察那些意外或新颖的事物，也就是说，猴子对新事物感到好奇，以及"Weusedataskthatreliesonthisbehavior—originallydevelopedtotestwhetherhumanbabiescansensetheirownheartbeats—toseeifmonkeysalsohavethisability."我们使用了一项依赖于此行为的任务——这项任务最初是为了测试人类婴儿是否能感知自己的心跳而开发的——来观察猴子是否也具备这种能力。可知，新研究基于的事实是猴子对新事物感到好奇。故选A。14．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的"Thesefindingsstronglysuggestthatmonkeyshaveaninbornsenseoftheirownheartbeats,justlikehumanbabiescandoexactly."这些发现有力地表明，猴子对自己的心跳有一种天生的感觉，就像人类婴儿一样。可知，猴子和人类婴儿一样，对自己的心跳有一种天然的感觉，结合划线单词所在的句子"Additionally,theextenttowhichourmonkeyspaidmoreattentiontoout-of-syncshapesthanin-syncshapeswasvery…tothedifferenceinhumanbabies."此外，我们的猴子对不同步形状比对同步形状更加关注的程度与人类婴儿之间的差异非常……。可知，此处应表示猴子和人类婴儿对不同步图像的关注度差异是相似的，可推知，划线词akin的意思与"相似的"意义相近。故选D。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Thisworkhasapositiveeffectonestablishingrhesusmonkeysasananimalmodelforhumanpsychologicaldisorderresearch."这项工作对建立恒河猴作为人类心理障碍研究的动物模型具有积极影响。可知，这项新研究的意义在于它有助于确认一个用于进一步心理疾病研究的模型。故选B。【答案】16．F；17．D；18．B；19．G；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些戒除手机成瘾的方法，包括早上醒来把手机放在其他房间或外套口袋，利用起床后前30分钟培养好习惯；减少每天使用手机的次数，用阅读、做填字游戏、散步等活动替代；明白并非不常查看手机就会错过重要事情，有时远离手机也无妨；和重要的人在一起时把手机收起来；睡前一小时停止使用手机，因为睡前沉迷手机严重影响睡眠，进而损害身心健康。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Inordernottolookatyourphoneassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning,placeyourphoneinanotherroomoryourcoatpocket.Thenspendatleastthefirst30minutesofyourdaybuildinggoodhabits."为了避免早上醒来时看手机，把手机放在另一个房间或外套口袋里。然后每天至少花30分钟养成好习惯。可知，为了避免醒来时看手机，要每天至少花30分钟养成好的习惯，空处应该是具体解释好的习惯是什么，F.Thiscouldbeexerciselikeamorningrunorcookingagoodbreakfast."这可以是晨跑或者做早餐这样的锻炼"承接上文，符合语境，故选F。17．根据空前"Studiesshowthatonaverageweusethephone50to150timesaday."研究表明，我们平均每天使用电话50到150次；以及空后"Youcoulddosomereading,doacrosswordpuzzleorevensomethingassimpleasawalkintheyard—anythinghelpingyougetridofyourphoneisOK."你可以读读书，做做字谜游戏，甚至做一些简单的事情，比如在院子里散散步——任何能帮助你摆脱手机的事情都可以。可知，此处应该是承上启下，因为我们每天看手机很频繁，所以我们要做一些有意义的事情来避免频繁看手机，且空后具体列举了一些有意义的事，D.Soyoushoulddosomethingmeaningfultoavoidlookingatit."所以你应该做些有意义的事情来避免看手机"符合语境，故选D。18．根据空前"Oneofthemainproblemswithsmartphonesisthatyouworryifyoudon'tcheckyourphoneregularly,youmaymissoutonsomethingimportant,suchasinvitationstoeventsorworkemails."智能手机的一个主要问题是，你担心如果你不定期看手机，你可能会错过一些重要的事情，如邀请活动或工作电子邮件；以及空后"Whensomeonehassomethingimportanttotellyou,theymaygiveyouacall."如果有人有重要的事情要告诉你，他们可能会给你打电话。可知，此处应该是和上文存在转折关系，说明不频繁使用手机也不必担心错过什么重要的事，B.However,itisalmostneverthecase."然而，事情从来都不是这样。"承上启下，符合语境，故选B。19．根据空前"Putawayyourphonewhenyouarewithsomeoneimportant."和重要人物在一起的时候，把手机收起来；以及空后"Forexample,havingdinnerwithfriendswillbecomeawkwardifyoualwayscheckyourphone."例如，如果你总是查看手机，和朋友吃饭就会变得很尴尬。可知，此处应该是具体解释上文内容，即和重要人物在一起的时候要把手机收起来，这是因为手机上瘾有损人际关系，同时下文具体举例子说明此问题。G.Manyrelationshipshavesufferedbecauseofouraddictiontothephone."因为我们沉迷于电话，很多人际关系都受到了影响。"承上启下，符合语境，故选G。20．根据空后"Thatisbecausebeingaddictedtothephonebeforegoingtobedgreatlyinfluencesyoursleep.Thiscanharmyourphysicalandmentalhealthinthelongrun.Therefore,makeitaruletostopusingyourphoneanhourbeforeyougotosleep."那是因为上床前沉迷于手机会极大地影响你的睡眠。从长远来看，这会损害你的身心健康。所以，在睡觉前一小时不要用手机。可知，本段主要讲睡觉前看手机会损害人们的身心健康，空处位于段