河北省衡水市枣强中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含答案）

第第页河北省衡水市枣强中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题一、AASilkRoadOasis(绿洲):LifeinAncientDunhuangNamed"BlazingBeacon"afterthewatchtowersalongitswalls,DunhuangwasonceavitalmeetingpointatthegatewaytoChina.TheroutesthatjoinedhereranthroughConstantinopleintheWestandJapanintheEast.Buttherewasmoretothisbloomingoasisthantrade.Forover1000years,Dunhuangwasalsoanimportantreligioussite,aculturalmeltingpotwhereideas,technologiesandartflowedfreely.ThisexhibitionprovidesarareglimpseintotheordinarylivesofpeoplelongagothroughtheremarkablecontentsoftheLibraryCave,thedocumentsincludepersonallettersandwillsconcerningmultiplelanguages,faithsandculturesincludingBuddhism,Zoroastrianism,ManichaeismandChristianity;andspantopicsasdiverseasliterature,astronomy,medicine,politicsandart.ExhibitionHighlights:TheDiamondSutra(868CE):Theoldestcompleteprintedbookwithadate,significantinMahayanaBuddhisminEastAsia.DunhuangStarChart:Theearliestknownmapofthenightskyfromanyculture,showingearlyastronomicalknowledge.OldTibetanAnnals:Tibetan,detailingtheTibetanempirefrom641to764.9th-centuryZoroastrianscriptpiece:AraretextaboutZoroaster,nearly400yearsearlierthanotherknownZoroastriantexts.TicketPricingBritishLibraryMemberscangofree.Otherreducedpricesareavailable,includingforunder18sandthosewithadisability.TheBritishLibraryalsooffersdiscountsforgroupsof10+.Pleaseseetheticketoptionsformoredetailsandselectthetickettypeyourequire.1．Whichcanbefoundattheexhibition?A．Documentsfrom900yearsago.B．DetailedstudiesonBuddhistteachings.C．ModernunderstandingoftheSilkRoad.D．Extraordinarydrafts,documents,andartworks.2．Whatisoneoftheexhibitionhighlights?A．Amodernmapofstars.B．AwrittenmaterialaboutZoroaster.C．Theoldestcompletehandwrittenbookwithadate.D．TheearliesthistorytextbookusedinTibet.3．Whocangetadiscountattheexhibition?A．Agroupof8adults.B．ForeignvisitorsoutoftheUK.C．A13-year-oldmiddleschoolstudent.D．AfriendofaBritishLibraryMember.二、BRaisedonthefarm,PadmaSureshhadaloveforagriculturejustlikeherfather.YoungPadmawouldspendmostofhereveningafterschoolinthefields,learningtheartoforganicfarming.Aftermovingtothecity,shebeganmissingthefarm.Facedwiththelimitedspace,Padmafelttheabsenceoffreshvegetables.Besides,shewasdisappointedwiththetasteandqualityofshop-boughtvegetables.Becausechemicalsusedonvegetableswereharmfultohumanhealth,shefinallydecidedtotakemattersintoherownhandsandchangeheryardintoavegetablegarden.Now48,Padmahasdevotedthepast12yearstodevelopingagardenwith200plantsof20varietiesofvegetables.Shereliesonnaturalfertilizers(肥料).Additionally,sheusescreativeorganicfarmingmethodslikepreparingliquidfertilizersfromfish.HerhusbandSureshEttan,whoisnowworkinginanoilandgascompany,said,"AsIdon'teatmeat,Ihavelimitedfoodchoicesinthecity.Noweverymorning,mywifesendsmeagoodbreakfast.Apartfromthat,shealsosharesthephotosofherday'sharvest.Itakeprideinshowingthosephotostomycolleagues."ForPadma,thegardenhasbecomeasourceofjoyandalsoalinktoherruralroots.Padmasaysshefindsconnectiontohervillagethroughthetraditionalrecipesandtasteofhomegrownvegetables.Moreimportantly,bygrowingherownfood,thegardenerhasnotonlyfoundawaytoprovideasupplyoforganicvegetablestoherfamilybutalsoawaytoearnsomemoney.Earningmoneywaswhatshedidn'texpect.Padmasaysshehasasmallshopwhereshesellsextravegetables.Withinanhour,allhervegetablesaresoldout.ThisorganicfarmingbusinessearnsheruptoRs1,000.4．WhendidPadmadevelopherlovefororganicfarming?A．Aftershemovedtothecity. B．Whenshehelpedonthefarm.C．Aftershegraduatedfromschool. D．Whenshelackedfreshvegetables.5．WhichwordscanbestdescribePadma?A．Warm-heartedandconfident. B．Generousandgifted.C．Creativeandhard-working. D．Responsibleandorganized.6．HowdoesSureshEttanfeelabouthiswife'sfarm?A．Thefarmmakeshislifebusy. B．Thefarmoffershimrichfood.C．Thefarmcostslotsofhismoney. D．Thefarmpreventshimeatingmeat.7．WhatunexpectedbenefithasbeenbroughttoPadma?A．Someadditionalincome. B．Goodneighbourrelationship.C．Freshvegetablesforherfamily. D．Aconnectionwithherhometown.三、CAnimportantdevelopmentinforensicscience,thescientificmethodsusedforfindingoutaboutacrime,hascomefromcooperativeeffortsbetweenresearchersatShanghaiNormalUniversityinChinaandtheUniversityofBathintheUK.Theteamworkhasledtothecreationofawater-solublefluorescentspray(水溶性荧光喷雾)thatsignificantlyadvancedthedetectionofpossiblefingerprints.Unliketraditionalmethodsthatofteninvolvetheuseofpoisonousorenvironmentallyharmfulchemicals,thisinnovativesprayoffersasaferandgreenerchoice.Bytargetingtheinvisibleprintsleftbehindbysweatoroilonsurfaces,thesprayquicklymakesthemvisiblewithinseconds,promotingconvenienceandspeedinforensicinvestigations.Accordingtoresearchers,itswatersolubilityfurtherimprovesitsapplicability,allowingforadaptableusedirectlyatcrimescenes.Detectinglatent(hidden)fingerprints(LFPs)isimportantinforensicscience,buttheirinvisiblenatureposeschallenges.Traditionalmethodslikepowderdustingandchemicalshavelimitationsinspeedandsafety.UsingthefluorescencepropertiesofGreenFluorescentProtein(GFP),theresearchershavedevelopedtwodistinctdyes(染料)—LFP-YellowandLFP-Redtoaddressthesechallenges.Thesedyesexhibitan"off-on"fluorescenceresponseupondifferentpartsofLFPs,byselectivelyattachingtosmallelementspresentinfingerprints.Underbluelight,theygiveoutasoftfluorescentlight,enablingeasydetection.Developedfromjellyfish(水母；海蜇),GFPservesasabiologicalbasisforthesedyes,ensuringtheydonotaffectthefollowingDNAanalysisofthefingerprints.Accordingtoresearchers,applyingthesedyesinvolvesafinespray,whichpreventsdamagingspotsandoffersacleanerway,comparedtotraditionalmethods.Itworksperfectlyevenonroughsurfaceslikebrick,wherecollectingfingerprintscanbeparticularlyarduous."Thissystemcanevenbeusedonfingerprintsthatareaweekold.Havingtwodifferentcolorsavailablemeansthespraycanbeusedondifferentcoloredsurfaces.We'rehopingtoproducemorecolorsinthefuture.We'relookingforcooperationwithvariouscompaniestobringthedyestomarketforwideavailability.Additionally,ongoingresearchanddevelopmenteffortswillbeneededtocontinuetoimprovetheirproducts,"saidProfessorTonyJames,fromtheUniversityofBath.8．Whatistheadvantageofthenewsprayoverpreviousmethods?A．It'smoreaccurateandapplicable.B．It'smoreeffectiveandeco-friendly.C．It'scolorfulandeasytoproduce.D．It'scleanerandconvenienttocarry.9．HowdothetwodyesmakeLFPsvisible?A．ByhelpingcollectandanalyzetheDNAofthem.B．Byattachingtothemandexhibitingthemasfluorescentlight.C．Bytakinginfluorescenceandreflectingbluelighttothem.D．Byslowingdownthefluorescenceresponseoffingerelements.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"arduous"meaninthefifthparagraph?A．Practical. B．Fruitful. C．Debatable. D．Difficult.11．WhatdoTonyJames'wordsintendtosayaboutthespray?A．Itslimitationsonfingerprints'existencetimewillberemoved.B．Itwillbeappliedtovariousfieldsinthefuture.C．Itsimprovementcanpromiseabrighterfuture.D．ItcouldreplaceDNAanalysisinforensics.四、DInFinland,it'sabasicdutyforthegovernmenttoprovidethepublicwithsportingpossibilities.Thatthinkingstartedinthe1970s,whenthegovernmentbuiltgymsineventhesmallesttowns.Now,thereareabout30,000sportsfacilitiesacrossthecountry.Walkwaysandbikepathssnakethroughthecities.Publicswimmingpoolsareeverywhere.Hereyoucanjuststepoutofyourdooranddosports.Finnsdojustthat.Halfofwomenandathirdofmenbiketowork.Aboutafifthofthecountrybelongstosportsclubs.Somepeopleevenplaysportsatwork.Forexample,everyWednesdaymorning,agroupofscientistsattheUniversityofJyväskyläleavetheirdeskstoplay"futsal",anindoorformofsoccer,inagymacrossthestreet.It'soneofthemostpopularteamsportsinthecountry,alongwithfloorballandFinnishbaseball.Anearbychocolatefactoryhasagymandoffersaerobicsclasses."Employersstartedtoencouragesportsparticipationaboutacenturyagointheforestryindustry,"saysHannaVehmas,asportsscientistattheUniversityofJyväskylä."Nowadays,90%ofemployerssupporttheiremployees'physicalactivitiesinsomeway.Eachyear,theyspendanaverageofabout$220peremployeeforphysicalactivities."Onereasonwhyemployerstendtosupporttheiremployees'physicalactivitiesisduetoataxbreak.Businessescandeduct(扣除)moneyspentonemployees'physicalwell-being."Butthere'ssomethingelse.Wehavealotofresearchshowingthatspendingmoneyonemployees'well-beingwillbringbackasmuchassixtimesthemoneyspent,"saysVehmas."Becausehealthyemployeesdobetterwork.Theyalsodon'thaveasmanysickdays.Andstayingfit,especiallybyplayingsportstogether,couldhelpbuildcompanyloyalty(忠诚)whichisactuallyevenmoreimportantthanthehealthside."Physicallyactivepeoplealsosavethehealthcaresystemalotofmoney.DatafromtheFinnishMinistryofSocialAffairs&Healthshowsthatpeoplewhobikeandwalksavethehealthcaresystemasmuchas$5.5billioneachyear.12．WhyarethescientistsattheUniversityofJyväskylämentionedinparagraph2?A．Totellthepopularityofauniquesport.B．Todescribetheprocessofanexperiment.C．Toshowtheeasyaccesstosportsfacilities.D．Tocallformorepublicparticipationinsports.13．Whendidtheforestryindustrystarttoencouragesportsparticipation?A．About50yearsago. B．About60yearsago.C．About80yearsago. D．About100yearsago.14．WhatdoesHannaVehmassayabouttheeffortforemployees'physicalwell-being?A．Itisawasteofmoney. B．Itbringsinvariousbenefits.C．Ittakestoomuchtime. D．Itcutsworkers'productivity.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowCanFinnsMakeSportsPartofEverydayLife?B．WhyAreThereSoManySportsFacilitiesAcrossFinland?C．WhyHasFinlandBecometheHealthiestCountryintheWorld?D．HowCanEmployersinFinlandBeEncouragedtoSpendonSports?五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whetheryouenjoybooksfilledwithfactsorpreferfantasticalstories,readingisgoodforyourhealth.OpenyourmindReadingopensyoureyesandmindtoaworldbeyondyourneighborhood.Youcanfindoutaboutpeoplelivingdifferentlivestoyou.16．.Youdiscoverimportantnewsstoriesandhowyoucanmakeadifferenceintheworld.Readingnon-fictionandfictionimprovesyourunderstandingofpeopleandtheworldaroundyou.SarahDriver,ateacherfor25years,says,"Readinghelpsyouunderstandhowotherpeoplefeelbecauseyougettoseethingsfromtheireyes.17．."InspireyourimaginationYourcreativitygetsimprovedfromreadingtoo.AsDriversays,"Youbegintopicturethestoryinyourheadandcreateyourownimages.Ithelpsyoutothinkofnewideasandcomeupwithdifferentwaystosolveproblems.18．."MakenewfriendsReadingcanalsobringyouclosertoyourfriends.19．,itcanhelpyoutomakenewfriends.Besides,youcancreateabookclubwhereyoutakeitinturntochoosewhattoreadandtalkaboutittogether.20．Therearetimeswhenyoumaywanttoescapeintoanotherworld.Youcandothatwithabookwithoutgoinganywhere.Whenyou'rereadingastorythatcapturesyourimaginationandyourattention,youforgeteverythingaroundyou.Ifyou'refeelingtired,upsetorlonely,gettinglostinastorycangiveyoucomfortandhelpyoutorelax.A.EscapeintoanotherworldB.MakesenseofanydifficultemotionsC.WhenyoureadabookwithyourfriendsD.It'sawholenewworldtoexploreinyourmindE.YoucanlearnaboutamazingfactsabouttheuniverseF.AsyousharebooksandrecommendthemtoeachotherG.It'slikesteppingintotheirshoesandseeingtheworldthewaytheydo六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。KayleighCardwell,whosuffersfromtypeIdiabetes(I型糖尿病),wasfoundunconscious(昏迷的)oneearlymorningbyherchildren,afterlowbloodsugar21．hertogointoadiabeticcoma(昏迷).Herthreechildren,13-year-oldOliver,ten-year-oldLucieandnine-year-oldJacob,22．theirrecentCPRtrainingatSouthamFireStation,stayed23．,andwiththeadviceofthe999-calloperator,24．CPRtokeeptheirmumaliveuntilhelparrived.AlthoughKayleigh25．herconditionwell,shewantedherchildrento26．therightskillsshouldanythinghappentoherasaresultofhercondition.Solastsummershesentthemonafirstaid27．runbyWarwickshireFireandRescueService.Littledidthefamilyknowtheskills28．wouldbeputtothetestsosoon.Kayleighsaid,"Icouldn'tbe29．ofmychildren.Theystayedcalm.Foraten-year-oldtocalmlyperformCPR,whiletheotherchildrencalled999inordertosavemylifeisjust30．.Iwouldliketoexpressmy31．toWarwickshireFireandRescueServiceforthetrainingtheygavetothechildrenwhich32．savedmylife."ChieffireofficerKieranAmossaid,"Asafireandrescueservice,weknowhow33．itistohavetherightskillstosavealife.Asaservice,wearejustthankfulthatwecanplayaroleinthecommunitywhich34．fightingfires,yetstillhasadirect35．onkeepingpeoplesafeandsavinglives."21．A．enabled B．caused C．drove D．forced22．A．regardlessof B．exceptfor C．apartfrom D．thanksto23．A．still B．curious C．calm D．confused24．A．carriedout B．respondedto C．tookover D．talkedabout25．A．managed B．planned C．recognized D．accepted26．A．berelatedto B．beawareofC．beequippedwith D．bereadyfor27．A．course B．emergency C．post D．test28．A．lacked B．learned C．required D．evaluated29．A．prouder B．morecritical C．shyer D．morecareful30．A．unsuitable B．interesting C．unnecessary D．incredible31．A．gratitude B．forgiveness C．embarrassment D．generosity32．A．immediately B．gradually C．constantly D．ultimately33．A．difficult B．unusual C．dangerous D．essential34．A．dependson B．goesbeyond C．standsfor D．aimsat35．A．impression B．comment C．fight D．impact七、第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesescientistshaverecentlydevelopedanewformoftechnology,36．canquicklyandaccuratelymeasurethesensoryqualitiesofpumpkins.Thisachievement,37．(make)byresearchersfromtheHefeiInstitutesofPhysicalScience,combinestwoadvancedtechnologies,Near-InfraredSpectroscopy(NIRS)andHyperspectralImaging(HSI).38．(traditional),pumpkinqualityevaluationprovedaslowandsubjectiveprocess,withfarmersoftenrelyingoncookingandtasting39．(measure)sweetnessandotherrelevantfactors.40．newmethod,however,allowsforamoreobjectiveevaluationbyanalyzingcriticalelementslikestarch(淀粉)andmoisturecontent.Intheireffortstodevelopthisnewtypeoftechnology,theteam41．(collect)97pumpkinsamplesfrom34differentpumpkins.42．(use)NIRSandHSImethods,theycreatedpredictivemodelstoassesssensoryqualitybasedonthestarchandmoisturecontentineachpumpkin.According43．theresearchers,theircurrentexperimentsarebasedonslicedpumpkins,whilethenewtechniquecanalsotestqualitywithoutdamagingthepumpkin.Moreover,aresearchersaidthatthistechnologycould44．(apply)tootherfruitsandvegetablesaswell."Wearecurrentlydevelopingcustomizedsolutionsbasedonspecific45．(requirement).Forexample,companiescoulduseittochecksugarcontentinapplesorvitaminlevelsinoranges."八、根据所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。46．Itisimportanttohave(现实的)goals,sowecanworkhardandachievesuccessstepbystep.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)47．(原始的)tools,likestoneaxesandwoodenspears,helpedearlyhumanshuntanimalsandbuildsimpleshelters.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)48．Thescientistmadea(突破)discoverythatcouldchangemedicineandsavethelivesofmanysickpeople.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)49．Agood(名誉)isearnedthroughhonestyandhardwork,andonemistakecanharmitforever.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)50．Thewriterwantedtoleavea(永久的)message,soshecarvedherwordsintothewallofthelibrary.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)51．Theteam's(dominate)inthegameshowedtheirskillandteamwork,astheywonbyalargemargin.(所给词的适当形式填空)52．Overcoming(psychology)fearscanhelpusfacechallenges,becomestronger,andachieveourgoalsinlife.(所给词的适当形式填空)53．Theteacherprovideda(comprehension)explanation,makingsureeveryoneunderstoodthelessonandwasreadyfortheexam.(所给词的适当形式填空)54．A(harmony)relationshipisbuiltontrust,understanding,andworkingtogethertosolveproblemspeacefully.(所给词的适当形式填空)55．(conserve)offorestsisessentialtoprotectwildlife,reducepollution,andensurecleanairforfuturegenerations.(所给词的适当形式填空)九、第二节应用文写作(满分10分)56．假定你是李华，为了丰富校园文化生活，增强校园的艺术氛围，你校特此决定举办以"创意无界，艺术同行(BoundlessCreativity,UnitedbyArt)"为主题的艺术节。请你代表学生会用英文写一份书面通知，内容包括：1.时间、地点；2.表演形式；3.报名方式。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Notice______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudents'Union十、第三节读后续写(满分25分)57．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whenmydaughtersreachedthethirdandfourthgrades,Isometimesallowedthemtowalktoandfromschoolaloneiftheweatherpermitted.Onewarmspringday,asmallfriendfollowedthemhomeafterschool.Thisfriendhadshortlegsandlongfloppyears,withafurrycoatandtinyspotsacrosshernose.ShewasthecutestpuppyIhadeverseenandmygirlsbeggedmetokeepher.Shewasnotmorethantwelveweeksold.Shehadnoidentifyingmarksofanysort.Ididn'tknowwhattodo.IthoughtaboutrunninganadinthelostandfoundbutIreallydidn'twantto.Itwouldbreakthekids'heartsifsomeoneshouldshowup.Besides,herownersshouldhavewatchedhermoreclosely,Ithought.Bytheendoftheweekshewaspartofourfamily.Shewasverycleverandgoodwiththegirls.TheFollowingweeksomethingtoldmetocheckthelostandfoundsectioninthelocalpaper.OneparticularadcaughtmyattentionandmyheartsankatwhatIread.Someonewassearchingforalostpuppynearourgradeschool.Theysoundeddesperate.Myhandshook.Icouldnotaskmyselftopickupthephone.Instead,IpretendIhadn'tseenthead.Iquicklyputthepaperasideandtriedtoignoreit.Ineversayanythingaboutittothekidsormyhusband.Bynowwehadnamedthepuppy.ShelookedlikeaMolly,sowecalledherMolly.Shefollowedthegirlseverywheretheywent.Whentheywentoutside,shewasonestepbehindthem.Whentheydidhouseworkshewastheretohelp.Therewasonlyoneproblemwiththisperfectdog:myconscience(良心)wasbotheringme.IknewinmyheartIhadtocallthatnumberandseeifourMollywasthepuppytheyweredesperatelylookingfor.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Withmixedfeelings,Ifinallypickedupthephone._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Openingthedoor,Isawawomanwithalittlegirlsittinginasmallwheelchair._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。它主要介绍了关于"丝绸之路绿洲：古代敦煌的生活"这一主题的相关信息，包括敦煌的历史地位、文化多样性、展览内容、展览亮点以及门票定价等细节。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。1．细节理解题。由文章第二段中"ThisexhibitionprovidesarareglimpseintotheordinarylivesofpeoplelongagothroughtheremarkablecontentsoftheLibraryCave,thedocumentsincludepersonallettersandwillsconcerningmultiplelanguages,faithsandculturesincludingBuddhism,Zoroastrianism,ManichaeismandChristianity;andspantopicsasdiverseasliterature,astronomy,medicine,politicsandart.这次展览通过图书馆洞穴的非凡内容，提供了一个难得的一瞥很久以前人们的日常生活，文件包括私人信件和遗嘱，涉及多种语言，信仰和文化，包括佛教，琐罗亚斯德教，摩尼教和基督教；并且涵盖了文学、天文学、医学、政治和艺术等多种主题"、ExhibitionHighlights部分中"9th-centuryZoroastrianscriptpiece:AraretextaboutZoroaster,nearly400yearsearlierthanotherknownZoroastriantexts.9世纪的Zoroastrian手稿：这是一篇关于Zoroaster的罕见文献，比其他已知的Zoroastrian文献早了近400年"可知，在展览中可以找到非凡的草稿、文件和艺术品。故选B。2．细节理解题。由文章ExhibitionHighlights部分中"9th-centuryZoroastrianscriptpiece:AraretextaboutZoroaster,nearly400yearsearlierthanotherknownZoroastriantexts.9世纪的Zoroastrian手稿：这是一篇关于Zoroaster的罕见文献，比其他已知的Zoroastrian文献早了近400年"可知，展览亮点之一是有关Zoroaster的书面材料。故选B。3．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中"Otherreducedpricesareavailable,includingforunder18sandthosewithadisability.TheBritishLibraryalsooffersdiscountsforgroupsof10+.其他优惠价格包括18岁以下和残疾人士。英国图书馆还为10人以上的团体提供折扣"可知，一个13岁的中学生可以享受优惠票价。故选C。【答案】4．B5．C6．B7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了PadmaSuresh从小热爱有机农业，搬到城市后对农场生活充满怀念，于是将自家院子改造成菜园，不仅为家人提供有机蔬菜，还意外获得了额外收入的故事。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，推断出需要的信息。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段"Raisedonthefarm,PadmaSureshhadaloveforagriculturejustlikeherfather.YoungPadmawouldspendmostofhereveningafterschoolinthefields,learningtheartoforganicfarming.PadmaSuresh在农场长大，和她父亲一样热爱农业。年轻的Padma会在放学后的大部分晚上在田野里度过，学习有机农业的艺术"可知，Padma在农场帮忙时就培养了对有机农业的热爱。故选B。5．推理判断题。根据文章第三段提到"Now48,Padmahasdevotedthepast12yearstodevelopingagardenwith200plantsof20varietiesofvegetables.Shereliesonnaturalfertilizers.Additionally,sheusescreativeorganicfarmingmethodslikepreparingliquidfertilizersfromfish.现年48岁的Padma在过去的12年里一直致力于开发一个拥有200株20种蔬菜的花园。她依靠天然肥料。此外，她还使用创造性的有机耕作方法，如用鱼制作液体肥料"可知，Padma不仅勤奋地经营着自己的菜园，还有创造力地运用各种有机耕作方法。由此可知，最能描述Padma的词语是有创造力的和勤奋的。故选C。6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段"AsIdon'teatmeat,Ihavelimitedfoodchoicesinthecity.Noweverymorning,mywifesendsmeagoodbreakfast.Apartfromthat,shealsosharesthephotosofherday'sharvest.因为我不吃肉，所以我在城市里的食物选择很有限。现在每天早上，我妻子都会给我送一顿丰盛的早餐。除此之外，她还会分享她当天收获的照片"可推知，SureshEttan认为他妻子的农场为他提供了丰富的食物。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段"Moreimportantly,bygrowingherownfood,thegardenerhasnotonlyfoundawaytoprovideasupplyoforganicvegetablestoherfamilybutalsoawaytoearnsomemoney.Earningmoneywaswhatshedidn'texpect.更重要的是，通过自己种植食物，这位园丁不仅找到了一种为家人提供有机蔬菜的方法，而且还找到了一种赚钱的方法。赚钱是她没有预料到的"可知，Padma获得的意想不到的好处是一些额外的收入。故选A。【答案】8．B9．B10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中英两国研究人员合作开发的一种新型水溶性荧光喷雾在指纹检测中的应用及其优势。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推理题和词义猜测题三种常考题型，细节题要注意通过关键词从文中寻找答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；词义猜测题需要对已有信息进行加工处理，利用上下文、表示转折、并列或因果的词、定语从句等信息推断出词的意思。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中"Unliketraditionalmethodsthatofteninvolvetheuseofpoisonousorenvironmentallyharmfulchemicals,thisinnovativesprayoffersasaferandgreenerchoice.与传统方法常常使用有毒或对环境有害的化学物质不同，这种创新的喷雾提供了一个更安全、更环保的选择"及第三段中"Bytargetingtheinvisibleprintsleftbehindbysweatoroilonsurfaces,thesprayquicklymakesthemvisiblewithinseconds,promotingconvenienceandspeedinforensicinvestigations.通过针对留在表面的汗液或油脂留下的隐形指纹，这种喷雾能在几秒钟内迅速使它们显现出来，从而提高了犯罪现场调查的便利性和速度"可知，与传统方法相比，这种新型喷雾更安全、更环保，而且可以在几秒内使指纹显现出来，更有效率。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据第四段中"UsingthefluorescencepropertiesofGreenFluorescentProtein(GFP),theresearchershavedevelopedtwodistinctdyes(染料)—LFP-YellowandLFP-Redtoaddressthesechallenges.Thesedyesexhibitan‘off-on'fluorescenceresponseupondifferentpartsofLFPs,byselectivelyattachingtosmallelementspresentinfingerprints.Underbluelight,theygiveoutasoftfluorescentlight,enablingeasydetection.利用绿色荧光蛋白的荧光特性，研究人员开发了两种不同的染料——LFP-Yellow和LFP-Red，以应对这些挑战。这两种染料在与指纹中的微小元素选择性结合后，对隐性指纹的不同部分表现出‘关闭-开启'的荧光反应。在蓝光照射下，它们发出柔和的荧光，使得指纹易于检测"可知，这两种染料通过与指纹中的小元素结合，并在蓝光下发出柔和的荧光，从而使潜在指纹可见。故选B。10．词句猜测题。根据第五段中"Accordingtoresearchers,applyingthesedyesinvolvesafinespray,whichpreventsdamagingspotsandoffersacleanerway,comparedtotraditionalmethods.Itworksperfectlyevenonroughsurfaceslikebrick,wherecollectingfingerprintscanbeparticularlyarduous.据研究人员介绍，使用这些染料时采用的是细喷雾的方式，这可以防止损坏指纹，并且相比传统方法更为清洁。即使在砖块等粗糙表面上，这种方法也能完美工作，而在这些表面上收集指纹通常是arduous"可知，这种喷雾可以避免指纹被破坏而且更加干净，砖块表面粗糙，这种试剂在砖块表面上也可以让人顺利采集指纹，而在这样粗糙的表面上收集指纹应该是困难的，故可推知arduous意为"困难的"。故选D。11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中TonyJames的话："We'relookingforcooperationwithvariouscompaniestobringthedyestomarketforwideavailability.Additionally,ongoingresearchanddevelopmenteffortswillbeneededtocontinuetoimprovetheirproducts我们正在寻求与各类公司合作，将这些染料推向市场，以实现广泛供应。此外，持续的研究和开发工作将是必要的，以不断改进这些产品"可推知，TonyJames表达了对未来进一步改进和推广这种喷雾的期望，TonyJames的话想说的是这种喷雾的改进可以带来一个更光明的未来。故选C。【答案】12．C13．D14．B15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在芬兰，政府和企业都积极支持体育活动，居民生活与体育紧密相连，这种生活方式为个人健康和国家医疗系统带来了诸多好处。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题需要根据关键词从文中找出答案；推断题需要考生根据关键词，结合语境推断出所需要的信息；主旨题则需要考生掌握全文结构和行文脉络，重点关注每段的中心句或首句，利用关键词获取主旨大意。12．推理判断题。根据第一段中"Hereyoucanjuststepoutofyourdooranddosports.