全国研究生入学考试英语科目笔试测验及答案

全国研究生入学考试英语科目笔试测验及答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________全国研究生入学考试英语科目笔试测验及答案考核对象：报考全国硕士研究生入学考试的考生题型分值分布：-判断题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-单选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-多选题（10题，每题2分）——总分20分-案例分析（3题，每题6分）——总分18分-论述题（2题，每题11分）——总分22分总分：100分---一、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassivevoiceshouldalwaysbeavoidedinacademicwriting.2.Itisacceptabletousecontractionsinformalessays.3.Theword"affect"isaverb,while"effect"isanoun.4.Punctuationmarkslikecommasandsemicolonsarenotnecessaryinshortsentences.5.Thefirstletterofasentenceshouldalwaysbecapitalized,regardlessofitsposition.6.Plagiarismisconsideredaseriousacademicoffenseinalleducationalinstitutions.7.Theuseofthefirstperson("I"or"we")isstrictlyprohibitedinscientificpapers.8.Tensesshouldbeconsistentthroughoutanessayunlessthereisaspecificreasontochangethem.9.Theword"its"isthepossessiveformof"it."10.Proofreadingisunnecessaryifyouareconfidentinyourwritingskills.二、单选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisacommongrammaticalerrorinacademicwriting?A.Theirgoingtotheconferencewasexciting.B.Shedidn’thaveanyproblemwithherpresentation.C.Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeetinguntilnextweek.D.Alloftheabove.2.Whatistheprimarypurposeofathesisstatement?A.Tosummarizethemainargumentsoftheessay.B.Tointroducethetopicoftheessay.C.Toprovideevidencefortheclaimsmadeintheessay.D.Toentertainthereaderwithhumorousanecdotes.3.Whichtenseismostcommonlyusedinacademicresearchpapers?A.PresenttenseB.PasttenseC.FuturetenseD.Presentperfecttense4.WhatisthecorrectwaytociteabookinAPAformat?A.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofthebook.Publisher.B.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofthebook.Publisher.C.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofthebook.Publisher.D.Author,A.A.(Year).Titleofthebook.Publisher.5.Whichofthefollowingisastrongtopicsentence?A.Theweatherwasnicetoday.B.Manystudieshavebeenconductedonclimatechange.C.Theeffectsofglobalwarmingarebecomingmoreevident.D.Somepeoplebelievethatclimatechangeisnotaseriousissue.6.Whatisthepurposeofaconclusioninanessay?A.Tointroducenewevidenceorarguments.B.Tosummarizethemainpointsandrestatethethesis.C.Toapologizeforanymistakesmadeintheessay.D.Toaskthereadertoperformanaction.7.Whichofthefollowingisacommonpunctuationerror?A.Usingacommawhereasemicolonisneeded.B.Usingasemicolonwhereacommaisneeded.C.BothAandB.D.NeitherAnorB.8.Whatisthedifferencebetweenadependentclauseandanindependentclause?A.Adependentclausecanstandaloneasasentence,whileanindependentclausecannot.B.Anindependentclausecanstandaloneasasentence,whileadependentclausecannot.C.Thereisnodifferencebetweenthetwo.D.Dependentclausesarealwayslongerthanindependentclauses.9.Whichofthefollowingisagoodstrategyforimprovingwritingclarity?A.Usingcomplexvocabularyandsentencestructures.B.Avoidingtransitionsbetweenideas.C.Keepingsentencesshortandtothepoint.D.Includingasmanyadjectivesaspossible.10.Whatisthepurposeofpeerreviewinacademicwriting?A.Toprovidefeedbackandimprovethequalityofthewriting.B.Tocheckforplagiarism.C.Toassignagradetothepaper.D.Topublishthepaperinajournal.三、多选题（每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonmistakesinacademicwriting?A.Poororganizationofideas.B.Inconsistenttenseusage.C.Overuseofpassivevoice.D.Lackofevidencetosupportclaims.E.Alloftheabove.2.Whatshouldbeincludedinanabstractofaresearchpaper?A.Themainresearchquestion.B.Themethodologyused.C.Thekeyfindings.D.Theconclusionsdrawnfromtheresearch.E.Theauthor’spersonalopinion.3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesoftransitionalwords?A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.BecauseE.Although4.Whatisthepurposeofaliteraturereviewinaresearchpaper?A.Tosummarizepreviousresearchonthetopic.B.Toidentifygapsintheexistingliterature.C.Toprovideafoundationforthecurrentresearch.D.Toargueagainstthefindingsofpreviousstudies.E.Tointroducetheauthor’spersonalviews.5.Whichofthefollowingarecommoncitationstylesinacademicwriting?A.APAB.MLAC.ChicagoD.HarvardE.Turabian6.Whatistheimportanceofclarityinacademicwriting?A.Toensurethatthereaderunderstandsthemainpoints.B.Toavoidmisunderstandings.C.Todemonstratetheauthor’sintelligence.D.Tomakethewritingmoreinteresting.E.Tomeettherequirementsoftheassignment.7.Whichofthefollowingarestrategiesforimprovingwritingcoherence?A.Usingtransitionalwordsandphrases.B.Maintainingaconsistentpointofview.C.Keepingsentencesshortandsimple.D.Avoidingrepetitionofideas.E.Usingpassivevoicetosoundmoreformal.8.Whatisthepurposeofathesisstatementinanessay?A.Toprovidearoadmapfortheessay.B.Tointroducethemainargument.C.Tosummarizethesupportingevidence.D.Toengagethereader’sinterest.E.Tostatetheauthor’sopinion.9.Whichofthefollowingarecommongrammaticalerrorsinacademicwriting?A.Subject-verbagreementerrors.B.Incorrectuseofarticles(a,an,the).C.Misuseofprepositions.D.Incorrecttenseusage.E.Alloftheabove.10.Whatistheimportanceofproofreadinginacademicwriting?A.Tocorrectgrammaticalerrors.B.Toimprovetheclarityofthewriting.C.Toensurethatthepapermeetstheassignmentrequirements.D.Tomakethewritingmorepersuasive.E.Toavoidplagiarism.四、案例分析（每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy1Astudentwroteanessayabouttheimpactofsocialmediaonteenagers.Theessayincludedthefollowingsentence:"Manyteenagersusesocialmediatocommunicatewiththeirfriends,butitalsohasnegativeeffectsontheirmentalhealth."Question:Identifythegrammaticalerrorinthesentenceandsuggestawaytoimproveit.2.CaseStudy2Aresearchpapercitedasourceusingthefollowingformat:Author,J.(2020).Theeffectsofclimatechangeoncoastalcities.JournalofEnvironmentalStudies,45(2),123-145.Question:Isthiscitationformatcorrect?Ifnot,whatshouldbethecorrectformat?3.CaseStudy3Astudentwrotealiteraturereviewforaresearchpaper.Thereviewincludedthefollowingsentence:"Previousstudieshaveshownthatclimatechangeisaseriousissue,butsomeresearchersarguethatitisnotasharmfulaspeoplethink."Question:Howcanthestudentimprovetheclarityandcoherenceofthissentence?五、论述题（每题11分，共22分）1.EssayTopic1Discusstheimportanceofusingpropercitationinacademicwriting.Provideexamplestosupportyourargument.2.EssayTopic2Explainhowtoimprovetheclarityandcoherenceofanessay.Providespecificstrategiesandexamples.---标准答案及解析一、判断题1.×（Thepassivevoicecanbeusefulinacademicwritingwhentheactorisunknownorirrelevant.）2.×（Contractionsshouldbeavoidedinformalessays.）3.√4.×（Punctuationmarksareessentialforclarityinwriting.）5.×（Thefirstletterofasentenceshouldalwaysbecapitalized.）6.√7.×（Thefirstpersonisacceptableinsomeacademicwriting,suchasreflectiveessays.）8.√9.×（"Its"ispossessive,while"it's"isacontractionof"itis."）10.×（Proofreadingisessentialforidentifyingandcorrectingerrors.）二、单选题1.D2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.C8.B9.C10.A三、多选题1.E2.A,B,C,D3.A,B,C,D,E4.A,B,C5.A,B,C,D,E6.A,B,E7.A,B,D8.A,B9.E10.A,B,C,E四、案例分析1.CaseStudy1-Error:Thesentenceisgrammaticallycorrect,butitcouldbeimprovedforclarity.-Suggestion:"Manyteenagersusesocialmediatocommunicatewiththeirfriends,anditalsohasnegativeeffectsontheirmentalhealth."(Using"and"insteadof"but"improvestheflow.)2.CaseStudy2-Error:Thecitationformatisincorrect.-CorrectFormat:Author,J.(2020).Theeffectsofclimatechangeoncoastalcities.JournalofEnvironmentalStudies,45(2),123-145.3.CaseStudy3-Improvement:"Previousstudiesindicatethatclimatechangeisaseriousissue,yetsomeresearcherscontendthatitsimpactislessseverethancommonlyperceived."(Usingmoreformallanguageandavoidingvaguephrasing.)五、论述题1.EssayTopic1Propercitationinacademicwritingiscrucialforseveralreasons.First,itgivescredittotheoriginalauthorsofideasandresearch.Thisavoidsplagiarism,whichisaseriousacademicoffense.Forexample,ifastudentusesdatafromastudy,citingthesourceensuresthatthereaderknowswheretheinformationcamefrom.Second,citationsprovideawayforreaderstoverifytheinformation.Ifareaderisinterestedinlearningmoreaboutatopic,theycanusethecitationstofindtheoriginalsources.Forinstance,ifastudentcitesastudyonclimatechange,readerscanlookupthestudytoseethemethodologyandresults.Finally,citationshelptoestablishthecredibilityofthewriter.Whenawritercitesreputablesources,itshowsthattheyhavedonethoroughresearchandareknowledgeableaboutthetopic.Forexample,ifastudentcitesastudypublishedinapeer-reviewedjournal,itdemonstratesthattheirresearchisbasedonreliableevidence.Inconclusion,propercitationisessentialforacademicwritingbecauseitgivescredittooriginalauthors,allowsreaderstoverifyinformation,andenhancesthewriter’scredibility.2.EssayTopic2Improvingtheclarityandcoherenceofanessayinvolvesseveralstrategies.First,usingtransitionalwordsandphraseshelpstoconnectideassmoothly.Forexample,wordslike"however,""therefore,"and"inaddition"canguidethereaderthroughtheessay.Second,maintainingaconsistentpo