Unit 2 Stay Healthy Section A 知识清单 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

1/11Unit2StayHealthySectionAWhatshouldwedowhenwedon'tfeelwell？知识点一、单元词汇单词SectionA1.pron.我们自己2.adj.疼痛的，酸痛的3.n.喉咙4.n.胃疼，肚子疼5.n.头痛6.n.牙痛7.n.背痛，腰痛8.v.压，按，挤，推9.n.鼻子出血10.n.牙科医生11.n.发烧12.n.胃，腹部13.v.避免，防止14.n.气体，燃气15.n.＆v.疼痛16.n.X-光，X-射线17.adj.不小心的，粗心的18.adj.流鼻涕的，流眼泪的19.v.＆n.咳嗽20.adj.受了瘀伤的21.v.受苦，遭受22.v.＆n.检查，测验23.n.流行性感冒24.n.药，医学25.n.口罩26.n.病毒27.n.描写，形容28.n.病人adj.有耐性的19.n.伤害，损害30.n.疾病31.n.刀pl.32.v.清理adj.清晰的，清楚的33.n.疼痛，痛苦34.n.亮度35.n.环境36.v.穿越，横过，交叉短语SectionA1.喉咙痛2.喝足够的水3.和一些带蜂蜜的水4.看牙医5.按住你的鼻子6.清理（伤口）区并包扎7.受苦，受折磨8.去看医生9.流鼻涕的鼻子10.淤青的膝盖11.坐下12.给某人量体温13.戴口罩14.阻止，防止15.照看，照料16寻求建议17.从我的自行车摔下18.看远处的东西19.更改你的屏幕亮度20.过马路21.事实上22.代替，而不是23.更有甚者，更重要的二、单元重点、难点、考点精讲SectionA【考点1】What’sthematter？What’swrong？【解析】该句型是询问某人有什么病，哪里不舒服或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题，其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。如：What’sthematterwithyou?你怎么了？Ihaveaverybadcold.我重感冒了。Whatisthematterwithyou?Youlookworried.你怎么了？看起来很担心。I’mworriedaboutmyEnglishexam.我担心英语考试.【考点2】Ihaveastomachache【解析】havea/an+疾病名词“患……病”(cold/fever/cough)如：haveasorethroat患喉咙痛haveasoreback患背痛haveafever发烧haveacold=catchacold患感冒haveastomachache患胃痛haveatoothache患牙痛haveaheadache患头痛haveabackache患背痛【考点3】①atetoomany②talkedtoomuchanddidn’t【解析】辨析：toomuch/toomany/muchtoo短语含义用法例句toomuch太多用作形容词，后接不可数名词Thereistoomuchrainthesedays用作副词，修饰动词，放在动词之后WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.用作名词Yougavemetoomuch.toomany太多后接可数名词复数Therearetoomanythingsformetodoeveryday.muchtoo太修饰形容词或副词It’smuchtoocoldinwinter.【考点4】restanddrinkenoughwater【解析】enough的用法：①做形容词，足够的，充足的，充分的，常放于名词之前，用于修饰名词复数或不可数名词。Thereisnotenoughfoodfortenpeople.食物不够十个人的。Don’taskmetodoit.Ihavegotenoughproblems.别让我做，我已经有很多问题了。②用作副词，足够地，充分地，放于动词，形容词或副词之后。Youdon’tpractiseenough.你练习得不够。Heisnotoldenoughtotravelalone.他太小，不能独自旅行。DoesshespeakItalianwellenoughtogetthejob？要得到那份工作，她意大利语足够好吗？【考点5】Avoidfornowasthegascouldmaketheacheworse.【解析】avoid的用法:动词防止，避免，回避，躲避过去式：avoidedHealwaystriedtoavoidanargumentifpossible.如果可能，他尽量避免争吵。avoiddoingsthHehastoavoideatingfattyfood.他必须避免吃油腻食物。【考点6】I'msufferingfrom/Ihaveaverybadheadache【解析】suffer的用法：动词，过去式：suffered①.作为及物动词：直接承受（痛苦、损失等）后面直接接宾语，宾语通常是痛苦、伤害、损失、失败等抽象名词。Thecompany

sufferedhugelosses

lastyear.公司去年遭受了巨大损失。He

sufferedsevereinjuries

intheaccident.他在事故中受了重伤。②.作为不及物动词（常与介词

from

连用）：患有，受…折磨这是最常见用法之一，表示长期患有疾病、或受困于某种问题。She

suffersfrombackpain.她患有背痛。Manypeople

sufferfrom

anxietyanddepression.许多人受焦虑和抑郁困扰。Thearea

suffersfrom

aseverewatershortage.该地区饱受严重缺水之苦。③.单独作为不及物动词：受苦；变差可以单独使用，表示“遭受痛苦”或“品质变差”。He

suffered

greatlyafterthedeathofhiswife.妻子去世后，他非常痛苦。Hisgrades

suffered

whenhestoppedstudying.他停止学习后，成绩就下降了。【考点7】patient（1）做名词：病人，复数形式：patientssomecancerpatients一些癌症病人（2）做形容词，有耐心的，能忍耐的bepatientwithsb./sth.对...有耐心Sheisverypatientwithyoungchildren.她对孩子很有耐心。【拓展】副词形式：patientlyShesatpatientlywaitingforherturn.她耐心坐着等待轮到自己。名词形式：patience耐心，忍耐力短语：losepatiencewithsb.对某人失去耐心【考点8】ShouldIstayinside？【解析】stay动词过去式:stayed①停留，待，StayhereuntilIcomeback.待在这里，直到我回来。Istayedinbeduntil10o'clock.我在床上躺到十点。②保持，继续处于（某种状态或局面）可后加形容词，Itriedtostayawake.我尽量保持清醒。加名词，Wepromisedtostayfriendsforever.我们约定永远做朋友。做名词，停留，逗留IenjoyedmystayinParis.我在巴黎停留期间很开心。【考点9】Becarefulwhenyouareusingaknife【解析】可数名词单数变复数的规则之一：以f或fe结尾的部分单词，把f或fe变成v再加es初中阶段常见单词有：wife（妻子），knife（刀子），wolf（狼）thief（小偷），shelf（架子），life（生命）leaf（树叶），self（自己），half（一半）【记忆口诀】妻子（wife）持刀（knife)去宰狼(wolf），小偷（thief）吓得发了慌；躲在架（shelf）后保己(self）命（life），半片（half）树叶（leaf）遮目光【考点10】Herclearestmemoryisnotoftherace，buttheterriblepaininherlegsthenextday.【解析】clear作形容词，清楚的，清晰的，明白的Aretheseinstructionsclearenough？这些说明清楚吗？透明的，清澈的，（天气）晴朗的clearglass透明的玻璃clearwater清澈的水aclearbluesky晴朗的蓝天作动词，清理，清除（不需要的东西）Itisyourturntoclearthetable.到你清理桌子了。（2）pain名词疼痛，痛苦inpain处于痛苦，疼痛中【拓展】形容词形式：painful疼痛的，令人不快的apainfulexperience一段痛苦经历【考点11】Toprotectyoueyes，every20minutes，yourestyoureyesandlookatsomethingfaraway.【解析】protect动词，保护，防护过去式：protected常用搭配:protectsb/sthfromsth/doingsth保护...免受...的伤害，保护...远离...的伤害Parentstrytoprotecttheirchildrenfromdanger.父亲努力保护孩子远离危险。Weneedtoprotectthechildrenfromgettinghurt.（我们需要保护孩子们免受伤害。）protectsb/sthagainststhWearahattoprotectyouheadagainstthesun.戴上帽子防止头部晒伤。【拓展】名词形式：protection【考点12】What’smore，youchangeyouscreen'sbrightnesstotryandmatchyourenvironmentandmakethewordsonthescreenbigger.【解析】match做名词，复数形式：matches①火柴aboxofmatches一盒火柴②比赛，竞赛afootballmatch足球比赛③敌手，旗鼓相当的人或物Iwashismatchattennis.打网球我和他不相上下。做动词，过去式：matched①般配，相配matchsthto/withsth把...和...搭配...Matchthewordwiththerightpicture.把词语与图片配对三单元语法聚焦一．情态动词should和could情态动词should和could可用来表示建议或提议1should后加动词原形：“应当，应该，可以”用来表达职责和建议，提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法Youshouldwearamaskwhenyouareoutside.你外出时，应该戴口罩。should的否定形式：shouldnot/shouldn't不应该，不应当Youshouldn’teattoomuchnexttime.下次别吃那么多了。2could的用法（1）礼貌的要求或请求Couldyoupleaseopenthewindow？你能开一下窗户吗？（2）提出建议，比can更委婉，本单元的学习内容Ifyouwanttosaysorry，youcouldcallhim.如果你想说对不起，可以给他打电话（3）can的过去式，可以，能够。表示过去的能力WhenIwasyoung,I

could

runveryfast.（我年轻时跑得很快。）（4）表达可能性Ifyoudon'twearacoat,youcouldgetsick.（如果你不穿外套，可能会生病的。)二反身代词（ReflexivePronouns)1.反身代词是英语中表达:“自己，本身”含义的一类代词。数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves用法：句法作用例句用作动词或介词的宾语Becarefulwhenyouareusingaknife.Don’tcutyourself.YouneedtotakecareofyourselfwhenIamaway.主语或宾语的同位语Icookedthedinnermyself.我自己做的晚饭。Youhadbetteraskthedentisthimself.你最好问牙医本人。做表语Justbeyourself.做你自己就好了。反身代词组成部分动词短语：enjoyoneself玩的开心helponeself（tosth）自用，自取（食物，饮料等）请随意cutoneself割伤自己hurtoneself伤到自己teachoneself自学=learn...byoneselfbyoneself独自地过关检测一.单项选择1.There’srainontheroad,sosheshoulddrivecarefully.A.toomuch B.toomany C.muchtoo D.manytoo2.What'sthematter

you? Ihave

sorethroat. A.on;the B.with;a C.on;a D.with;the3.You

putonyourwarmclotheswhenyougoout.It'ssocoldoutside. A.shouldB.shallC.mayD.can4.Howareyougoingtoimprove

thisterm? Workharderthanlastterm. A.ourselves B.myself C.himself D.yourself5.Becareful!Youmight

theladder.AfalloffBfalldownCgetupDgeton6.Maryoften

severeheadachesandsheplanstoseeadoctortomorrow..AsuffersfromBsuffersofCsufferswithDsuffersto7.Tostayhealthy,it'simportantto________eatingtoomuchprocessedfood.A.avoidtoeatB.avoidfromeatingC.avoideatingD.avoidtoeatin8.Myteachertoldmetobemore_______withmyhomework,soIwouldn'tmake_____mistakes.A.careful;carefulB.careless;carefulC.careful;carelessD.careless;careless9.Weshoulddosomethingto______thechildren________swimminginthedangerousriver.A.stop;toB.stop;fromC.stop;forD.stop;at10.DoyoumindifIsmokehere,madam?____.It’snotallowedinpublic,youknow. A.Ofcoursenot B.Yes,youcanC.You’dbetternot D.No,youcan’t二单词填空1.Mymomhastwosharpk________inthekitchenforcuttingvegetables.2.Thedoctorisverykind,andheis________(有耐心的)withallher________(病人)3.Pleasewritea____(describe)ofyourbestfriend.Tellmewhatheorshelookslikeandwhatkindofpersonheorsheis.4.Ifyouhaveacough,youshouldtakesomem________(药)aftermeals5.Hismotherwilluseathermometertotakeherson's________(体温)becausehefeelssick.6.Ineedtogotothe________(牙医)tocheckmyteeth.Toopenthedoor,please________（按，压）theredbuttononthewall.Heatetoomuchicecreamandnowhehasa________(胃痛).I

can'tseethewordsonmyphonescreenclearly.Ineedtoturnupthe________(亮度).Weshouldprotectthe________(环境)becauseitisourhome.三.完形填空KeepingHealthy:AGuideforBusyStudentsAsastudent,keepinghealthyisveryimportantforyourstudyandlife.However,itcanbechallenging.Hereissomeadvicethatmayhelpyou.First,abalanceddiet(饮食均衡）isimportant.Youshouldeat

1

fruitsandvegetableseveryday.Tryto

2eatingtoomuchjunkfood,

because

itisusuallyhighinsugarandfat.Instead,choosewholegrains(全麦）,leanproteins（低脂蛋白）,anddrinkplentyofwater.Agooddietgivesyourbodythe3itneedsto

get

throughtheday.Second,regularexerciseisakeypartofa4lifestyle.Youdon'thavetoplaysportsforhourseveryday.

Instead,even30minutesofexercise,likewalkingorcycling,canmakeabig5.Exercisenotonlyhelpsyoubuildastrongbodybutalsomakesyou

relaxed.Third,enoughsleepisalsoimportant.Mostteenagersneedabout8-10hoursofsleepeachnight.Lackofsleep（缺少睡眠）may

cause

youtofeeltiredandhave6studyinginclass.So,putawayyourphonebeforebedtimeandtryto

keep

agoodsleepschedule.Finally,don'tforgetyourmentalhealth（精神健康）.It'snormaltofeelstressedsometimes,7beforeexams.8tofriends,parents,orteacherscanbevery

useful.Also,havingahobbyisagoodwayto9stressand

enjoy

life.Remember,ahealthylifestyleisahabit,notasingleaction.Startwithsmallchanges,andyouwillfindit

10

tobecomehealthierandhappier.1.A.enough B.clear C.strictDstressed 2.A.try B.hate C.avoid D.enjoy3.A.energy B.return C.object Dsense4.AhealthBhealthyCunhealthyDhealthily5.A.difference B.role C.fight D.mess6.A.difficulty B.time C.fun Dinterest7.A. especially B.specially C.importantly D.surprisingly8.A.Talk B.Talked C.Talking D.Talks9.A.increase B.improve C.stay D.reduce10.A.easier B.easily C.moreeasily D.easiest三.阅读理解AMr.Jenkinslikedallkindsofdeliciousfood.Asanimportantofficer,hewasofteninvitedtodinner.Theshopkeepers（店主们）triedtheirbesttofawnon（巴结）him.Theyknewitwasgoodfortheirbusiness.Nowtheofficergotfatterandfatter.Hecouldhardlygoupstairs（上楼）athomeandhadtosleepdownstairs（楼下）.Heoftenfelttiredifhewalkedordidsomehousework.Hewasworriedaboutitandhadtogotoadoctor.“Stopeatingmuchfat（脂肪）andsugar,Mr.Jenkins,”saidthedoctor.“Oritwillbeworseforyourhealth!”Itwasdifficultfortheofficertodoit.Hewouldn’tdoasthedoctorsaid.Hefoundsomethingwaswrongwithhisheartafewmonthslater.Nowhethoughtthedoctorwasright.Andhehadtobeinhospital.“Youmustloseweight（减肥）,sir,”saidthedoctor,“unlessyouwanttodiesoon!”“Couldyoutellmeawaytoloseweight,please?”“Youmustdosomeexercisefirst.”“Whichexercise?”“Tomoveyourheadfromsidetosidewhenyouareinvitedtodinner!”1.Mr.Jenkinswasoftenaskedtodinnerbecause.A.helikedthedeliciousfoodB.hewasreadytohelpothersC.hewasfriendlytotheshopkeepersD.hewashelpfultotheirbusiness2.WhatdidMr.Jenkinsdo?A.Adoctor. B.Acook. C.Abusinessman. D.Anofficer.3.WhathappenedtoMr.Jenkinsafterbeinginvited?A.Hegotfatterandfatter.B.Hehardlywentupstairs.C.Hefelttired.D.Allaboveareright.4.ItwasdifficultforMr.Jenkinstodoeverything,so.A.hedidn’tgotodinnerB.hebegantodosomeexerciseC.hewenttoaskthedoctorforhelpD.hehadtotakesomemedicine5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinsnottodoexercise.B.ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinstomovehishead.C.ThedoctortoldMr.Jenkinsnottogotodinner.D.ThedoctorthoughtMr.Jenkinswoulddie.BParentshavetriedhardforyearstomakechildrengotobedontime.InScotland(苏格兰）,however,allthefamilywillenjoysweetdreamsinthefuture,aspupilsaretaughthowtosleep.TheprojectisrunbyanorganizationcalledSleepScotland(睡眠苏格兰).Intheclass,studentswillbetaughttipssuchastheimportanceofaregularbedtimeandavoidinglatenighttelevision.Parentsandteacherswillalsobegivenreportstohelpteenagerstogetgoodsleep.Accordingtoaresearch（调查）intheUK,25%teenagersarenotgettingenoughsleepatnight.TheystayawakeforhoursaftermidnighttowatchTV,playgamesorsurftheInternet.Itisonereasonwhystudentsgetangryeasily,havetroublecommunicatingwithothersanddon'tachieveatschool.Alltheschoolsofferingsleeplessonsreportedthattheprojectwasveryhelpful.One15­year­oldteenagerhastakenaseriesof(一系列)thelessonsandtriedgoingtobe