山西省祁县中学高三12月月考英语试题

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力部分（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ADescription LucindaBassett’ssecondbookLifeWithoutLimitsisatoolkit,whichhelpsyouclarifywhatyoutrulywant.ByusingBassett’spowerfultechniques,youwillchange;thereforeyourlifewillchangeandyouwillcontrolyourlife.LifeWithoutLimitshelpsyoutakebackyourpower.LifeWithoutLimitshelpsyoutoachievesatisfactionandfulfillmentpersonally,professionallyandfinancially.Onceyouhavedefinedwhatsuccessmeansforyou,youwillclarifyyourdreamsandstartpursuing(追求)them.Details>Publishedin:200112>Releasedon:2001-12-24>Originallanguage:English>Dimensions:5.3*0.7*8inches>Building:Paperback>304pagesAbouttheAuthorLucindaBassettisthefounderandCEOofoneofthemostsuccessfulselfhelppaniesinthecountry,theMidwestCenterforStressandAnxiety,Inc.AuthorofthenationalbestsellerFromPanictoPower,LucindaBassettproducesandhoststheawardingwinninginfomercial,AttackingAnxiety.ShehassharedhertechniqueswithsuchclientsasMcDonalds,Chrysler,andAT&T.Shehasappearedonnumeroustalkshows,includingOperaandTheView,andbeenfeaturedinFamilyCircle,Reader’sDigest,ReviewThisbookhashelpedmetogainhopeandcouragetocopewithmyfearsandworries.Lucindawriteswithsuchagreatunderstandingandsympathy.Sheherselfhadproblemswithpanicandworry.Herpositivethinkingtipsareeasytofollow.Idon'tgetlostinalotofmentalproblems.It’sasifshewereholdingyourhand,sittingrightbesideyouandcheeringyouon!IbelieveIcandoanythingIsetmymindtoafterreadingthisbook.However,therearesomeotherreaders,holdingthecontraryviews.21.WhatisLifeWithoutLimitsabout?A.ItshowsreaderswhatLucindaBassettisB.ItimpliesitishardtocontrolyourlifeC.ItdescribeshowhardtheactuallifeisD.Itencouragesreaderstorealizetheirdreams22.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat.A.LucindahasmadealotofmoneyfromthebookB.allthereadershavesomementalproblemsC.LucindatalkswiththereadersfacetofaceD.allreadersdon’tagreewithwhatLucindawrote23.Whereisthistextmostlikelytakenfrom?A.Amagazine B.Anovel C.Asciencebook D.Aresearchreport.B Everyonecantryhisbesttoachieve.Wedon’tneedtobethebest,buttotoughoutthelimitsofwhatwearecapableof.Igainedthisbelieffrommythirdgradeteacher,themostspecial,honored,trustworthy,andlovedpersoninmylife. Mr.Myruswasalwaysperfectlydressedandspokewiththebeliedthattalkingtoeightyearolddidn’tmeanhehadtosacrificeproperstatementsorgrammars.Andhewasdemanding,buthewasn’tunreasonableorcruel.Hesimplyfeltthatnomatterwhatyourbestwas,youshouldachieveit. Asluckwouldhaveit,Imethimagainasmyeighthgrademathteacher.Iwasnot,noreverwillbe,giftedinmath.Iremembermystrugglesinclass.“Idon’tknowtheanswer,”Iwouldsay,“Ican’tdoit!”“Perhapsyoudon’tknowtheanswer,”hewouldsayquietly.“Doyouthinkwemightfigureitouttogether?Howdoyouknowwhatyoucandountilyoutry?” Mr.Myruslivedaroundthecorner,andIwouldoftenstopbytotalkwhileheworkedinhisgarden.IknewtherewassomeonewholetmeknowthatifIhadreallytried,thatwasenough.“Don’tbesohardonyourself,”he’dsay.“Stopblamingyourself.Didyoutryyourbest?Well,thenyou’renotafailure,”heoftentoldmethesewords.Mr.Myrusdiedin1978.Ihadneverthoughtabouthisdeath.Hewastooyoung.Ifeltsorry.ButwhenIthinkabouthimnow,Idon’tfeelsosorry.Hetaughtmetobekind,notonlytoothers,buttomyself.Hetaughtmemyownvalue.Hetaughtmeabouthonor,abouttruth,andaboutdoingmybestandallfeelingsandbeliefshavedignityanddeserverespect.AndofallthethingsIknow,thisIbelieve:Wecan’tallbe“thebest”,butwecan,eachofus,beourbest,andIknowthat’struebecauseMr.Myrustoldmethat.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demanding”inParagraph2mostprobablymean? A.Strict B.Serious C.Critical D.Careful25.Whydidtheauthorthinkhewasaluckydog? A.HegotagreatbelieffromhisteacherB.Mr.MyruswashisteacherforeightyearsC.HebecameinterestedinmathbecauseofMr.MyrusD.HedevelopedagoodrelationshipwithMr.Myrus26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph? A.TheauthormayhavebeeateacherB.TheauthorlikedtorecallhischildhoodC.TheauthorbelievedhewouldbethebestofallD.Theauthorendedupbeingamanofselfconfidence27.WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Myrusaccordingtothetext?A.HeisusuallyunconcernedwiththestudentsB.HeisresponsibleforhisstudentsandhisteachingC.Heisapersonwhoisn’tparticularaboutwhathewearsD.HesometimesiscruelandunreasonabletohisstudentsC ScientistsinBritainhavemanagedtoteachbumblebees(大黄蜂)topullstringstogettofoodandthenpassonwhattheyhavelearnedtoothersintheircolony(群体)—showingahighlevelofintelligencedespitetheirtinybrains. ResearchersatQueenMaryUniversityofLondonsaidtheexperiments,oftenusedtotesttheintelligenceofapes(猿)andbirds,showedforthefirsttimethatsomeinsectsareuptothetask,andcanalsopassskillsonthroughseveralgenerations.Thefindingsaddtotheevidencesuggestingtheabilityfor“culturespread”theabilitytolearnandpassonknowledgeandskillsmaynotbeexclusivetohumans.Intheresearch,publishedinthejournalPLOSBiologyonTuesday,thescientistswereabletotrain23outofagroupof40beestopullstringswiththeirlegsandfeet.Thestringswereattachedtodiscsorartificial“flowers”containingfoodattheircenterbutplacedunderatransparentscreen.Thebees,spottingthefoodbeneaththescreen,learnedtopullthe“flowers”outbypullingthestringwiththeirlegsandfeettobeabletogettoit.Fromanothergroupofbeesgiventhechancetosolvethetaskwithoutanytraining,onlytwoof110weresuccessful.Anothergroupofbeeswasthenallowedtoobservethetrainedbeespullingthestrings,and60percentofthemsuccessfullylearnedtheskill.Finally,trainedbeeswereputincolonies,andthescientistsfoundthetechniquespreadsuccessfullytoamajorityofthecolony’sworkerbees.LarsChittka,aQueen28.Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutbees?A.Beesareascleverasbirds B.BeeslearnbestininsectsC.Beesareborngoodlearners D.Beescanbetrainedtolearnskills29.Whatmaytheresearchteamfocusonnext?A.Whatelsebeescando B.Howbees’brainworkC.Howbeesteachothers D.Wherebeeslearnskills.30.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?A.ByprovidingtypicalexamplesB.BydrawingaconclusionthrougharesearchC.ByparingopinionsfromdifferentfieldsD.Bypresentingacauseandanalyzingitseffects31.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.LetBeesLearn B.BeesAreSmarterC.BeesCanLearnandTeach D.ASuccessfulResearchD Twothirdsoftheworld’smajorrivershavenowbeendisrupted(中断)withmorethan50,000damsinanattempttostorewaterandprovidepower.IntheUS,therearemorethan85,000dams,disruptinglargeandsmallriversandinmostcasestransformingnaturalflow.Themostfamousofthese,theHooverDamconstructedinthe1930’s,ismainlyresponsibleforthefactthattheColoradoRiverDams,besidesalltheirattractivebenefits,alsohavenegativeimpacts.Creatingareservoir(水库)meansalargeareamustbeflooded.munitiesmaylosetheirlandhousesandculturalrelies(遗址).Downstreamofadam,theflowmaybereducedsothatfarmerscannotirrigatetheirfields.Environmentally,thenewreservoircanbeaparadiseforwildlifeespeciallybirds.However,itcancausegreenhousegasemissions(排放)andpoisonthewaterforfish.Also,thedramaticriseandfallofwaterlevelsduringdamreleasesistooextremeforplantsandanimalstocopewith,resultingindeadzonesaroundtheshoresofreservoirs.Fishthatlaytheireggsintheshallows,forexample,mayfindafewhourslaterthatthosesitesarehighanddry.Damsdon'tjustblockwaterflow.Theflowmaybereducedsothatfarmerswillhavegreattroublegettingwaterfortheirfields.Theyalsopreventfishmigrationsandareabarriertosediment(沉淀物)flows.Insteadofrushingdownriver,sedimentsgetbackedupagainstthedamwall,whichcausesthereservoirleveltoincreaseovertime.However,sedimentswhicharerichinnutrientshavebeeaproblem.Thefertilityoftheentiresystemcanbeinfluencedbeinfluencedbysoilslostduringseasonalrains,notbeingreplaced.Perhapsthebiggestproblemcanbeseenindeltas(三角洲),oftenhosttolargecities,whicharesinkingintotheoceans.Groundwaterisbeingextractedtofeedthecity,causingtheurbanweighttosinkandsedimentswashedawaybytheoceanarenolongerbeingreplaced.TheresultisthatsealevelrisesincitiesfromShanghaitoAlexandria.32.Whateffectsdoescreatingareservoirhaveonpeople'slife?a.Peoplewillseefewerbirdsneartherivers.b.Farmersbelowthedammayhavelesswatertoirrigatetheirfields.c.Visitorscan'tseesomeculturalrelicsanymore.d.Moreconflictsandwarsoverwaterwillbreakout.e.Allkindsoffishwillbeeextinctinthefuture.A.bc B.ce C.be D.ad33.Withmanydamsbuiltacrossrivers,fishwill.A.findmoreplacestolaytheireggsB.faceamoredangerouslivinghabitatC.feedonmoresedimentsrichinnutrientsD.finditeasiertodealwiththeriseofwater34.HowcandamsinfluencethecitieslikeShanghai?A.TherainyseasonwilllastlongerB.RichsoilswillbewashedawayC.TheirentiresystemwillbeinfluencedD.Theywillliebelowsealevelinthefuture35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Economicgainofdams B.CulturallossofdamsC.Environmentalbenefitsofdams D.Environmentallossofdams第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。NobelPrizeWinnerStudiesHowPeopleSpentTheirMoney Thewinnerofthe2015NobelPrizeinEconomicSciencesstudieshowpeoplespendtheirmoney.36TheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesispresentingtheEconomicsPrizetoProfessorAngusDeatonofPrincetonUniversityinNewJersey.TheNobelmitteesayshisresearchhasmainlydealtwiththreequestions:Howdoconsumersdistributetheirspendingamongdifferentgoods?Howmuchofsociety'swealthisspentandhowmuchissaved?37Mr.Deatonusedhouseholdsurveystocollectdetailedinformationabouthowfamiliesspendtheirmoney.Forexampleinonestudy,thePrincetonprofessorexaminedtherelationshipbetweenpovertyandtheamountofcaloriesinthefoodpeopleate.TheNobelmitteesaidMr.Deaton’sresearchhasshownhowthecleveruseofhouseholddatacanshedlighton(阐明)issuessuchastherelationshipbetweenineandcalorieintake,andtheextentofgenderdiscriminationwiththefamily.Peopleoftenaskedhimthequestionwhyhepaidsomuchattentiontohouseholdinformation.38“Well,it'sindividually…it'saboutpeopleintheend.Youhavetounderstandwhatmakespeopletick,andwhat'sgoodforthem.Andformeit'salwaysbeenabouttryingtounderstandbehaviorandtotrytoinferfromthatbehavior,youknow,howpeoplearedoing.”39Subjectsofhisresearchhaveincludedhappiness,wellbeingandaging.Atapressconferencelastmonth,theNobelPrizewinnersaidhewaspleasedthathisworkhadbeenrecognized.40"Ithinkwehavehadaremarkabledecreaseforthepast20to30years.Idoexpectthattocontinue,"hesaid. A.Areyouasaveroraspender?B.Hetoldreportershebelievedpovertywoulddecrease.C.And,howdowebestmeasureandstudywellbeingandpoverty?D.Hesaidthathisstudiesweremainlyaboutpeopleandtheirbehavior.E.Healsohasexploredhowspendingcanaffectbothlivingconditionsandpoverty.F.Heexaminedthecloserelationshipbetweenpovertyandthekindoffoodpeopleate.G.TheNobelmitteealsopraisedMr.Deaton’sworkbecauseituseddetailedinformationaboutrealpeople,nottheoreticalideas.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题2分，满分40分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 IsatnervouslyandwaitedforKathleentospeak.Beingcalledtothehumanresourcesdepartmentisalittlelikebeingcalledtotheprincipal’soffice.“Annie,”shesaid,“Afoodbankinourtownthatservestheelderlyisaskingfor41.I’dlikeyoutoorganizetheeventandseeitthrough.”“Well,um,errr…sure.Iguessso.”AsIstuttered(结结巴巴地说)throughmy42,allIcouldthinkwas,“What?Whyme?”Iwalkedbacktomyofficewithoutanyideaastowhereto43.Thiswasatimewhentheeconomywas44.Theriseinunemploymentforcedthefamiliesofmanymycoworkersto45tosurvive.HowcouldIaskmycoworkersformore?Thatevening,Idrovehome46.ThenIrememberedatimelongagowhenmyfatherwasoutofwork.MomwroteanotetoJim,themilkman,askinghimnotto47anymoremilk.Twodayslater,Jimpickedupthe48andleftfourlitersofmilk.HewrotehisownmessageonthebacksideofMom’s.Itread,“Kidsneedmilk.”ThemilkdeliverycontinuedasusualandJimleftfourlitersofmilkeveryotherday,nevercollectedacent49us.ThememoryofJim’skindness50myenthusiasm.PerhapsI’dbeinforapleasantsurprise.ThenextmorningI51signsaboutourfooddrivealloverthecafeteriaandoneverynoticeboardIcouldfind.Eachsignsaid,“Fooddriveto52theelderlypoorofourtown!Donationsofnonperishable(不易腐的)foodsare53needed.”Withinafewdays,Ihadtolocateemptyofficespaceto54themassivenumberofcontributionswehadcollected.Oneofmycoworkers,Maggie,madetheroundswithmeeverydayfromonedepartmenttoanothertopickupthecannedgoodsandother55.Maggiewasoversixtybutpushedourfoodtrolleyaroundwiththe56ofawomanhalfherage.Aswewere57oneday,Iaskedherwhereshegotalltheenergyandenthusiasm.“Annie,”shesaid,“withtheunemploymentratetouching10percent,Ican’tthinkofabetterwaytobe58forkeepingourjobswhensomanyhavelosttheirs.Suremoneyis59.Butwhenisn’tit?Peopleneedfood.”AsIlistenedtoMaggie,themilkman’swords60in41.A.pity B.advice C.help D.medicine42.A.response B.ment C.explanation D.plaint43.A.stay B.begin C.sit D.work44.A.fading B.growing C.recovering D.booming45.A.drive B.attempt C.refuse D.struggle46.A.angrily B.negatively C.excitedly D.happily47.A.spare B.drink C.deliver D.sell48.A.keys B.kids C.cents D.empties49.A.from B.for C.with D.to50.A.started B.fired C.encouraged D.caught51.A.designed B.noticed C.marked D.posted52.A.respect B.fort C.support D.admire53.A.seldom B.greatly C.never D.lately54.A.check B.clear C.separate D.store55.A.clothes B.books C.foods D.gifts56.A.satisfaction B.quality C.energy D.motivation57.A.makingourrounds B.makingsense C.makingfriends D.makingadifference58.A.lucky B.proud C.delighted D.grateful59.A.tight B.available C.enough D.powerful60.A.disappeared B.rang C.hid D.fell第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 XiJinping,onbehalf61the18thCentralmitteeofthemunistPartyofChina(CPC),62(deliver)aworkreporttothe19thCPCNationalCongress,63openedonWednesdaymorningattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing. Thecloseddoorsummit,whichtakesplaceonce64fiveyears,determineswhorulesChinaandthecountry’sdirectionforthenextterm.Mr.Xi,whobecametheleaderin2012,hasbeenconsolidating(巩固)powerandis65(wide)expectedtoremainaschiefoftherulingmunistParty.Hecontinuestoenjoywidespreadsupportamongordinary66(citizen)inChina.The19thNationalCongressofthemunistPartyofChina(CPC)willmapoutoverallreformmeasures67(concern)thecountry’spoliticalsystemandotherareas.2.280delegates(代表)68(chose)fromagroupofnearly89millionPartymembersacrossthenationwillattendthe19thCPCNationalCongress. “Today,wearecloser,moreconfident,andmorecapablethaneverbeforeofmakingthegoalofnationalrejuvenation(民族复兴)69reality,”Xisaid,addingthatthePartyisworkingevenharder70(achieve)thegoal.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearTom, Veryhappytohaveheardyou.Inyourlastemail,youaskedmefortheadvicesonhowtotravelcasuallyinChina.NowI’dliketosharemyopinion. Nowadays,takeChina’shighspeedtrainsisapopularwaytotravel.Firstly,it’sfastandconvenient.Bytheendoflastyear,thehighspeedrailwayshavebeenbuiltinmostofthecitiesinChina,whichcouldhelppeopletraveltodifferentplacesfastthanever.Uptonow,thehighspeedrailwaynetworkhascoveredthetotalof22,000kilometers.Secondly,it’sstable.In2015,whichaSwedishmanvideoedsurprisedthewholeworld.Sheerected(竖立)acoinonthewindowsilloritstoodfor8minutes.Howamazing!So,buddy,whynottohaveatry?Yours,LiHua第二节书面表达（满分25分） 假定你是李华，想邀请英国笔友David明年寒假来你家体验中国春节的风俗。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.简述写信意图； 2.简要介绍春节； 3.描写你在今年春节期间印象深刻的一项传统活动； 4.表达欢迎他来做客的愿望。注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数。 参考词汇：lunarcalendar农历DearDavid, I’mreallypleasedto I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon. Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua

山西省祁县中学2018届高三12月月考英语试题参考答案第二