2026年全国一卷高考一模英语模拟试卷试题（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页高三一模英语注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的个人信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onabus.2.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Tomakealist.B.Toofferadvice.C.Toaskforhelp.3.WhatdoesthewomanthinkoftheTVseries?A.Disappointing.B.Interesting.C.Encouraging.4.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Bookaticketimmediately.B.Tryanewmovietheater.C.Seeacomedyinstead.5.WhydidPetergotothehospital?A.Tovisitafriend.B.Tohaveacheckup.C.Tolookafterhisfather.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acartrip.B.Atrafficsurvey.C.Carpassengersafety.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Theman’sbrotherhadajeep.B.Thewomanhadacaraccident.C.Theman’sfrienddiedinanaccident.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howistheweather?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Cloudy.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Herunsashopnearby.B.Helikestakingadventures.C.Heknowslittleaboutthepark.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Drinksomecoffee.B.Findaninterestingbook.C.Walkaroundthepark.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whydoesthewomancometotheshop?A.Tobuysomesportswear.B.Toexchangeapairofshoes.C.Tomakeacomplaint.12.Wholikesthesportsshoesverymuch?A.Thewoman’syoungersister.B.Thewoman’selderbrother.C.Thewoman’scousin.13.Whatistheman’ssuggestioniftheshoesdon’tfit?A.Givinghimacall.B.Gettingthemoneyback.C.Bringingthembackwithinaweek.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates.B.Neighbors.C.Teacherandstudent.15.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutProfessorSanford?A.Knowledgeablebutcareless.B.Strictbutopen-minded.C.Helpfulbutunreasonable.16.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutherEnglishclass?A.Theexams.B.Thereadingtask.C.Thetimearrangement.17.Whatwasthewomaninterestedin?A.Culturalcomparison.B.Classicalliterature.C.Literaturewriting.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutMichigan?A.Itlosespowerfrequently.B.Itiswarminwinter.C.Itoftenseessnowstorms.19.HowdidthespeakermanagetokeepwarmontheSaturdaynight?A.Bylightingthefireplace.B.Bywearingmoreclothes.C.Byusingblankets.20.Whathappenedtothespeaker’spipes?A.Theyjustbroke.B.Theywerereplaced.C.Theygotfrozen.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANow,we’velaunchedanewmajormagazinerecyclingefforttopromotesustainability:Magazinesbeyondwhat’scurrentlyneededbytheprogramsweservearesenttoapaperfactorytoberecycledintonewmagazines.Thisrecyclingeffortnotonlykeepstonsofmaterialsoutoflandfills(垃圾填埋场),butitalsogeneratesfundstodeliverotherdonatedmagazinestochildrenwhohavelimitedaccesstoreadingmaterialsinpoverty-strickenareas.Everysinglemagazineanddollarraisedbyourrecyclingprogrambringsusclosertoourgoalofchangingsomanylivespositively.WhattodonateYoucandonateanymagazines,nomatterwhatageorcondition.Themagazinesthatyoudonateforustodelivertonewreadersshouldbegentlyreadmagazineswithnocut,tornoruntidycoversorpagesandnowaterdamage.PrivacyconsiderationsYoucanmarkoutyourmailinginformationwithablackpermanentmarker,orwewilldothattoprotectyourprivacy.Thenwecoverthespotwithacleanopaque(不透明的)whitelabelfordeliverytoanewreader.DeliveryExceptforacoupleoflocationswherewehavelocalteams(Madison,Wisconsin,andColumbus,Ohio),wecanonlyreceiveyourmagazineandcomicbookdonationsifyoumailthemtous.Magazinedonorscovertheirownpostagecosts.TightlypackedU.S.PostalServiceflatratemediumboxesarethemostcost-effectivewaytosendyourmagazines.TheboxesareavailableatnocostfromyourlocalpostofficeoronlinefromthePostalServicewebsiteandcanbeshippedforabout$18postage.Aboxofreadingmaterialswillserve25ormorereaders.1．Whowillbenefitfromthecampaign?A．Poorchildren. B．Magazinepublishers.C．Landfillowners. D．Loyalsubscribers.2．Whatisarequirementforthedonatedmagazinesfornewreaders?A．Theyfallunderthesameclassification.B．Theyareillustratedhardcovermagazines.C．Theyareinrelativelygoodcondition.D．Theycontainspecificmailinginformation.3．Whatarethedonorssupposedtodoaccordingtothetext?A．ContactU.S.PostalServicebyphone.B．Mailthemagazinesattheirownexpense.C．Deliverthemagazinestothenearestpostoffice.D．Pay$25foreachboxofmagazinestobemailed.BWhen8-year-oldHugoDeansdiscoveredahandfulofgreenbean-sizedobjectslyingnearanantnestbeneathaloginhisbackyard,hethoughttheywereatypeofseed.Hisfather,AndrewDeans,professorofentomologyatPennState,however,knewimmediatelywhattheywere—oakgalls(橡瘿),orplantgrowthscausedbyinsects.Whathedidn’trealizerightawaywasthatthegallswerepartofacomplicatedrelationshipamongants,wasps(黄蜂)andoaktrees,thediscoveryofwhichwouldoverturnacenturyofknowledgeaboutplant-insectinteractions.Lookingback,Hugo,now10,said,“Ithoughttheywereseeds,anditreallyawakenedmycuriositybecauseIdidn’tknowantscollectedseeds.Ialwaysthoughtantswouldeatsmallpiecesoffoodandstuffaroundthehouse.Thenarealsenseofwondersetinwhenmydadtoldmetheyweregalls,becausemydadwascompletelyfascinated.Iwassurprisedthatantswouldcollectgalls—whywouldtheydothat?”AccordingtoAndrewDeans,whoisalsothedirectorofPennState’sFrostEntomologicalMuseum,manyplant-insectinteractionsarewelldocumented.Forexample,most“cynipid”waspspecieshavelongbeenknowntostimulateoaktreestoproduceprotectivegallsaroundtheirbabiestoensurethesafetyoftheirgrowth.Additionally,certainplants—includingbloodroot,awildflowernativetoNorthAmerica—produceeatableappendages(附加物)ontheirseedstoattractants,whichthendispersetheseedsbycarryingthembacktotheirnests.Thislatterexampleisreferredtoas“myrmecochory”,orseeddispersalbyants.“Inmyrmecochory,antsgetalittlebitofnutritionwhentheyeattheappendages,andtheplantsgettheirseedstoenteranewspace,”Andrewexplained.“Itwasfirstdocumentedover100yearsagoandiscommonlytaughttobiologystudentsasanexampleofaplant-insectinteraction.”4．What’sthesignificanceoflittleHugo’sdiscovery?A．Itrevealedanunknownantspecies.B．Itreshapedalong-standingconcept.C．Itencouragedplant-insectinteractions.D．Ithelpedtoprotectendangeredspecies.5．HowdidHugofeelwhenheinitiallyfoundtheoakgalls?A．Amazed. B．Confident.C．Regretful. D．Uninterested.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disperse”meaninparagraph3?A．Compare. B．Examine.C．Protect. D．Spread.7．WhatdoesAndrewseemtoimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Thephenomenonisnothingnew.B．It’shardforantstofindasafespace.C．Appendagesarekeytoantspecies’survival.D．Biologystudentsdependondocumentsforfindings.CHowdowereallytalkfluentlywitheachother?Well,humanlanguagesseemtobeshapedbyacoupleofunderlyingprinciplesthathelpsimplifycommunication.Thehaphazardness(随意性)ofthesignalisthefirstprinciple.Thisconcept,firstestablishedbyDeSaussure,alinguistfromSwitzerland,relatestohowwepairsoundswithmeanings.Forinstance,thesound“dog”doesn’trefertoadoginitself;itdoesn’tbarklikeadog,nordoesitwalklikeadog.Thiswordhasnointrinsic(固有的)“dogness”,yetitholdsitsmeaning.Whyisthat?BecauseeveryEnglishspeakerhaslearnedtomakethesameconnectionbetweenthesound“dog”andtheanimalthroughrepeatedmemorizationanduse.Thehaphazardnessofthesignalhasbeenamassiveadvantageforspeechcommunitiesbecauseitenablesthemtocommunicateconceptsimmediatelywithouthavingtoexplainwhyaspecificsoundcorrespondstoaparticularmeaning.Theotherprinciplehasbeenthatlanguagescreateaninfinite(无限的)numberofexpressionsfromalimitedsetofelements.InLayman’swords,wepossessalimitedgroupofvocabularythatwemaymixandmatchtoformunlimitednumberoflargerstructures,suchassentences.Wegeneratetheseunlimitedpossiblecombinationsbyfollowingrulesthatgovernhowwordsarecombined.Forinstance,isthereadistinctionbetween“thedogbitestheman”and“themanbitesthedog”?Asidefromoneofthembeingadisastrousdailyincidenceandthesecondonebeingattention-grabbing,thedifferenceisinthebasicgrammarthatguidessense.Eachofthewordsin“thedogbitestheman”possessesaspecificsensethatdoesnotrelyonthefullphrase.Grammarhasbeenthethingthatletsusstructurethatvocabularyinparticularmixturestoremindpeopleofparticularmeaningsandimages.Thereisafinitenumberofwords;however,grammaroffersusaninfinitenumberofwaystocombinethem.8．Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“haphazardnessofthesignal”?A．Itensuresthefluencyofspeech.B．Itmakeslanguageseasiertolearn.C．Itmayresultinmisunderstanding.D．Itspeedsupconceptcommunication.9．WhydoestheauthorquoteLayman’swordsinparagraph4?A．Tocriticiseanout-datedtheory. B．Toclarifyanabstractconcept.C．Tointroduceanewtopic. D．Toprovideareal-lifeexample.10．Whatdoestheexample“thedogbitestheman”show?A．Minimalwordscanexpressdeepmeaning.B．Alesscommoneventcanchallengepeople’sbelief.C．Grammarshapesmeaningthroughtheorganizationofwords.D．Meaningdeterminesthequantityofwordsusedindailyspeech.11．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Therulesgoverningwordformation.B．Thecomplexityofdailycommunication.C．Thedevelopmentofgrammaticalstructure.D．Theprinciplesoflanguagecommunication.DPsychologistshavestudiedtheinteractionbetweenhumanandtechnologyfordecades.Anewlineofresearchnowseekstounderstandhowpeople,includingchildren,interactwithchatbotsandothervirtualagents.“Littlekidslearnfromcharacters,andourtoolsofeducationalreadyrelyontheparasocial(准社会)relationshipsthattheyform,”saidDavidBickham,PhD,ahealthcommunicationresearcherbasedatBostonChildren’sHospital.“HowarekidsformingarelationshipwiththeseAItools,whatdoesthatlooklike,andhowmightthatimpacttheabilityofAItoteach?”Inaseriesofstudies,RandiWilliams,aprogrammanagerattheAlgorithmicJusticeLeague,observedinteractionsbetweenyoungchildrenandrobots.Williamsandhercolleaguesfoundthatchildrenassociatedamorehuman-soundingandexpressivevoiceinagentswithhigherfriendlinessandintelligence.Amongteenagers,theuseofgenerativeAIisalreadywidespread.For70percentwhoreportedusingatleastonesuchtoolina2024CommonSenseMediasurveyof1,045teenagersaged13to18,after-schoolassignmentswerethemostcommonreason.AbouthalfofthosewhousedgenerativeAIforschoolworkdidsowithpermissionfromateacher.AsimilarnumbercheckedthevalidityofgenerativeAIoutputsusingoutsidesources,suggestingthatmanystudentsareawareofthefallibility(出错性)ofsuchtools.“Teenshavequiteacomplicatedandnuanced(微妙的)viewofAI,”saidBeckTench,aninformationscientistattheCenterforDigitalThriving.“Theyreportthattheyfeelconflicted,andarehavingjustasmanyexcitementsandconcernsaswedoasadults,includingworriesaboutmisinformation,awarenessthatitwillchangetheirworkprospects,andenthusiasmaboutitspotentialtoadvancescience,creativity,andhumanity.”Therearemanyquestionsthatremain,includinghowtostudyandpromotethechildren-AIrelationshipsthatsafeguardchildren’ssecurityandpersonaldata—issuesthatresearchersneedtoaddress.TheCenterforDigitalThrivingoffersguidelinesfortalkingtotheyouthaboutgenerativeAI,includingaskingchildrenwhethertheyhaveeverheardaboutAIgettingsomethingwrong.12．WhatdidRandiWilliamsfindoutintheirresearch?A．Childrenpreferredhumanlikerobots.B．Childrenthoughtrobotswiserthanthemselves.C．Childrenweredoubtfulaboutwhattherobotspresented.D．Childreninteractingwithrobotstendedtobemorefriendly.13．InwhichfielddoesgenerativeAIhelpteenagersmostnowadays?A．Creativeprojects. B．Sciencelearning.C．Homework. D．Entertainment.14．Whatisteenagers’generalattitudetowardAIaccordingtoBeckTench?A．Appreciative. B．Unclear.C．Dismissive. D．Mixed.15．Whatisaconcernregardingchildren’srelationshipswithAI?A．Itwillmakethemlesssocial.B．Itmightraisesafetyandprivacyissues.C．Itcouldaffecttheiracademicperformance.D．Itmaylimittheirabilitytohandlechallenges.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Empathy(共情),theabilitytounderstandandsharethefeelingsofanother,isoftendescribedasthefoundationofmeaningfulcommunication.16Empathyrequiressteppingintoanother’sshoes,recognizingtheiremotions,andrespondinginawaythatacceptstheirexperience.Thisdifferencemattersbecauseempathystrengthensconnection,whilesympathycansometimescreatedistance.Aparentwhoacknowledgesachild’sfrustration(Iseeyou’reupsetbecauseyourtoybroke)ratherthandismissit(It’sjustatoy)helpsthechildfeelheard,enhancingtrust.Similarly,infriendships,empathizingwithafriend’sanxietyaboutatest(Thatsoundsreallystressful)buildsdeeperbondsthanofferingquicksolutions(You’lldofine).1718Managerswhopracticeempatheticcommunicationarebetteratmotivatingteams.Forexample,insteadofsimplyassigningatightdeadline,amanagermightsay,“IknowthisprojectwillrequireextrahoursandIappreciatehowhardyou’vebeenworking—let’sdiscusshowwecansupporteachothertogetitdone.”19Colleagueswhoempathizewithoneanother’sworkloadsarealsomorelikelytoofferhelp,creatingasupportiveworkplaceculture.Empathystartswithactivelistening—payingattentiontobothwordsandnonverbalcues.Italsoinvolvesaskingopen-endedquestions(Howdidthatmakeyoufeel?)toencourageotherstosharemore,ratherthanjumpingtoconclusions.20Inaworldoftendividedbydifferingopinions,itoffersabridge—remindingusthatbehindeveryargument,everyfrustration,everyjoy,thereisahumanexperienceworthunderstanding.A．Inprofessionalsettings,empathyisofequalimportance.B．Thisapproachreducesdissatisfactionandencouragescooperation.C．Itgoesbeyondsympathy,whichinvolvesfeelingsorryforsomeone.D．Overtime,thesehabitsbecomesecondnature,makingbondsstronger.E．Bycontrast,sympathyencouragespeopletosolveothers’problemsdirectly.F．Thesemomentsofrecognitionletothersknowtheyarenotaloneintheirfeelings.G．Withoutenoughpractice,eventhestrongestempathyskillswillgraduallydisappear.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JasonJoel’slifestoryisnotjustaboutrunning.Asatwo-timecancersurvivor,Jasonhastransformedpersonalhealthintostoriesforinspiration.Hisjourneybegan.DespitethefactthatJasonfeltwhilepreparingforanewjob,heexperiencedaseizure(突然发作)—amomentthatwouldeverything.Withinoneweek,heunderwentbrainsurgery,markingthebeginningofanintense16-monthtreatmentjourneythatwouldhisphysicalandmentalboundaries.“TheytoldmeIwouldn’twalkoutofthehospital,”Jasonrecalls,“butItoleaveintwodays.”Thisbecamethecornerstoneofhis.Despiteundergoingextensivetreatment,Jasonrefusedtoremain.HewouldrunsixtoeightmileseverydayaroundZorinskyLakeinOmaha,Nebraska,turningeachstepintothetohisdiagnosis(诊断).Remarkably,Jason’sconnectiontorunningwasbecauseofhiscancerexperiences.Afterhisfirstcancerdiagnosis—metastaticthyroidcancer—hebeganrunningagain.Whenhewasfacedwiththebraintumordiagnosis,runningbecamemorethanahobby;itbecamea.Whilestillinhospital,Jasonbravelyexpressedhisbysigningupforamarathon.Hecompletedtherace,thatlimitationsareoftenjustperceptions(感知).Aftertherace,hesharespostsonsocialmedia,transforminghisexperiencesintomotivationalstories.“It’snotjustan,”Jasonexplains.“It’sanaccomplishment,aself-reflection,somethingbeyondjustrunning.”21．A．signals B．records C．needs D．challenges22．A．effortlessly B．smoothly C．irregularly D．unexpectedly23．A．nervous B．emotional C．healthy D．confident24．A．change B．balance C．delay D．consume25．A．test B．mark C．remove D．fix26．A．happened B．managed C．agreed D．hesitated27．A．innovation B．promotion C．recovery D．search28．A．speechless B．lonely C．faithful D．motionless29．A．witness B．approach C．resistance D．commitment30．A．replaced B．deepened C．followed D．explored31．A．defence B．necessity C．match D．responsibility32．A．hope B．trust C．dependence D．innocence33．A．predicting B．warning C．admitting D．proving34．A．reflective B．average C．extra D．humorous35．A．experiment B．event C．occasion D．appointment第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。GulangyuIsland,oftencalledthe“PianoIsland”,isfamousforitsrichmusicalheritage.Theisland’sculturaldiversity36(create)alivelymusicsceneforoveracentury.AttheheartofthistraditionstandsGulangyuMusicHall,37attractiveplacededicatedtopreservingandpromotingclassicalmusic.Builtduringtheearly20thcentury,themusichallreflectsGulangyu’shistoricroleasaculturalcrossroads,38EastmeetsWestinharmony.Thehall’selegantarchitectureandmusicmakeitapopularsite,allowingmusiclovers39(appreciate)liveconcerts.OneofthemostcharmingfeaturesofGulangyuMusicHallisitscommitmenttofree40(week)concertsfeaturingpianoandviolin.Visitorscanenjoyavarietyofclassicalpieces,performedbytalentedlocaland41(visit)musicians,withoutanyadmissionfee.Themusichall,42(supply)withhistoricarchitecture,offersanimmersive(沉浸的)environment,soaudiencescanconnectdeeplywithmusic.AttendingaconcertatGulangyuMusicHallismorethanjustenjoyingmusic;it’saboutexperiencingalivingtradition.TheperformancesoftenincludeclassicalmasterpiecesfromcomposerslikeChopin,Beethoven,andBach,alongsideChinese43(composition)thatreflectlocalheritage.VisitorsoftendescribeattendingconcertsatGulangyuMusicHall44amagicalandmemorableexperience.The45(integrate)ofsuperbmusic,comfortablesetting,andhistoricatmosphereleavesalastingimpression.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46．假定你是李华，近期在你校英文报举办的以WinterWarmth:HiddeninCameraShots为主题的摄影比赛中获奖。请给你的留学生朋友Barry写封邮件，内容包括：1.分享获奖感受；2.介绍你的作品。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearBarry,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thesunshonethroughtheclassroomwindows,makinggoldenspotsonthewoodendesks.ItwasanormalWednesdaymorning,andMrs.Coco’sChineseclasswasgoingonasusual.Thestudentssatstraightwiththeirtextbooksinhand,readingapoemtogether.Theirvoiceswentupanddownlikesmallwaves,mixingwiththesoundofpagesbeingturnedandthesingingofbirdsoutside.Suddenly,aquickmovementcaughtPeter’seye.Alittlebird—asparrowwithmessyfeathersandascaredlook—hadflowninthroughtheopendoorofthehallwayandwasnowstuckinsidetheclassroom.Theglasswindowswereclosedtighttokeepouttheautumncold.Thebird’swingshitthewindowswithloudnoisedesperately,anditstinyclaws(爪子)leftlightmarksontheglass.Thereadingstoppedforamoment.Peter,whowasknownforbeingnaughty(顽皮的),stoppedinthemiddleofasentence,andhistextbookslippedfromhishand.Thebird’sfearspreadtoeveryone:itflewquicklyfromonewindowtoanother,hittingthe“unseenwall”againandagain.Somegirlscoveredtheirmouths,surprised;othersbentforward,morecuriousthanafraidofdisturbingtheclass.Mrs.Coco,though,stayedfocusedonthelesson.Hervoicekeptleadingthereading,steadyandfirm.Buthersharpeyeshadalreadynoticedthenoise.Shepausedforasecond,lookingaroundtheroom,andthentoldthestudentstogoon.Peter’sheartbeatfast.Hewatchedthebird’suselessstruggle—itswingsclearlygettingtired.Theclassroomfeltveryquietnow.Theonlysoundswerethebird’sscaredflyingandthefarawaynoiseofcarspassingby.HelookedatMrs.Coco,whosefacestayedcalm,andthenathisclassmates,whowerealllookingatthetrappedlittlebird.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Asthebirdstopped,Petersuddenlylefthisseat._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Contrarytowhatthestudentsassumed,Mrs.CocopraisedPeter.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．A2．C3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍一项杂志回收活动的目的、捐赠要求、隐私保护措施以及邮寄相关的具体事项。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thisrecyclingeffortnotonlykeepstonsofmaterialsoutoflandfills(垃圾填埋场),butitalsogeneratesfundstodeliverotherdonatedmagazinestochildrenwhohavelimitedaccesstoreadingmaterialsinpoverty-strickenareas.(这项回收行动不仅让数吨物资免于被送进垃圾填埋场，还能筹集资金，将其他捐赠的杂志送到贫困地区那些阅读资料匮乏的儿童手中。)”可知，该活动会惠及贫困儿童。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据Whattodonate部分中的“Themagazinesthatyoudonateforustodelivertonewreadersshouldbegentlyreadmagazineswithnocut,tornoruntidycoversorpagesandnowaterdamage.(你捐赠给我们、用于送给新读者的杂志，应当是保存较好的，封面和内页无裁切、破损、脏乱痕迹，且没有水渍损坏。)”可知，捐赠给新读者的杂志要求品相相对完好。故选C项。3．细节理解题。根据Delivery部分中的“Magazinedonorscovertheirownpostagecosts.(杂志捐赠者需要自行承担邮费。)”可知，捐赠者需要自费邮寄杂志。故选B项。4．B5．A6．D7．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述男孩雨果发现橡瘿，其昆虫学家父亲由此有新发现，该发现颠覆了百年来人们对植物与昆虫互动关系的认知。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whathedidn’trealizerightawaywasthatthegallswerepartofacomplicatedrelationshipamongants,waspsandoaktrees,thediscoveryofwhichwouldoverturnacenturyofknowledgeaboutplant-insectinteractions.(他起初没有意识到，这些橡瘿是蚂蚁、黄蜂和橡树之间复杂关系的一部分，而这一发现将颠覆一个世纪以来人们对植物与昆虫互动关系的认知。)”可知，雨果的发现的意义在于它重塑了一个长期存在的观念。故选B项。5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Lookingback,Hugo,now10,said,“Ithoughttheywereseeds,anditreallyawakenedmycuriositybecauseIdidn’tknowantscollectedseeds.Ialwaysthoughtantswouldeatsmallpiecesoffoodandstuffaroundthehouse.Thenarealsenseofwondersetinwhenmydadtoldmetheyweregalls,becausemydadwascompletelyfascinated.(现年10岁的雨果回忆说：“我以为它们是种子，这真的激起了我的好奇心，因为我以前不知道蚂蚁还会收集种子。我一直以为蚂蚁只会吃家里的小份食物之类的东西。后来爸爸告诉我这些是橡瘿时，我真的感到很惊奇，因为爸爸也完全被吸引住了。”)”可知，雨果最初发现橡瘿时是感到惊奇的。故选A项。6．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Additionally,certainplants—includingbloodroot,awildflowernativetoNorthAmerica—produceeatableappendagesontheirseedstoattractants,whichthendispersetheseedsbycarryingthembacktotheirnests.Thislatterexampleisreferredtoas“myrmecochory”,orseeddispersalbyants.(此外，某些植物——包括北美本土野花血根草——会在种子上长出可食用的附属物来吸引蚂蚁，蚂蚁随后会将种子带回巢穴，从而disperse种子。后一种现象被称为“蚁播”，即由蚂蚁传播种子。)”可知，在蚁播中，种子得以进入一个新的空间。也就是说，蚂蚁的这个行为是在传播种子，disperse意为“传播”，与spread意思相近。故选D项。7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Inmyrmecochory,antsgetalittlebitofnutritionwhentheyeattheappendages,andtheplantsgettheirseedstoenteranewspace,”Andrewexplained.“Itwasfirstdocumentedover100yearsagoandiscommonlytaughttobiologystudentsasanexampleofaplant-insectinteraction.”(安德鲁解释说：“在蚁播现象中，蚂蚁吃掉植物种子的附属物可以获得少量营养，而植物则能让自己的种子传播到新的地方。这种现象早在100多年前就有记载，并且经常作为植物与昆虫互动的案例，被教授给生物学专业的学生。”)”可知，安德鲁想暗示这种蚁播现象并不是什么新鲜事物。故选A项。8．D9．B10．C11．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍人类实现流利交流的两大语言原则：符号的任意性和语言的创造性，阐释其内涵与作用。8．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thehaphazardnessofthesignalhasbeenamassiveadvantageforspeechcommunitiesbecauseitenablesthemtocommunicateconceptsimmediatelywithouthavingtoexplainwhyaspecificsoundcorrespondstoaparticularmeaning.(符号的任意性对语言群体来说是一个巨大优势，因为它能让人们立即交流概念，而不必解释为什么某个特定发音对应某个特定含义)”可知，符号的任意性能够加快概念的传递。故选D项。9．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theotherprinciplehasbeenthatlanguagescreateaninfinitenumberofexpressionsfromalimitedsetofelements.InLayman’swords,wepossessalimitedgroupofvocabularythatwemaymixandmatchtoformunlimitednumberoflargerstructures,suchassentences.(另一项原则是语言能够通过有限的语言要素创造出无限的表达方式。用通俗易懂的话来说，我们掌握的词汇数量是有限的，但可以通过组合搭配形成无限多的更大语言结构，比如句子)”可知，作者引用通俗的表述是为了阐明“有限要素创造无限表达”这一抽象概念。故选B项。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Forinstance,isthereadistinctionbetween“thedogbitestheman”and“themanbitesthedog”?Asidefromoneofthembeingadisastrousdailyincidenceandthesecondonebeingattention-grabbing,thedifferenceisinthebasicgrammarthatguidessense.(例如，“狗咬人”和“人咬狗”之间有区别吗？除了前者是日常中可能发生的糟糕事、后者很吸引眼球之外，两者的差异在于决定语义的基础语法)”以及“Grammarhasbeenthethingthatletsusstructurethatvocabularyinparticularmixturestoremindpeopleofparticularmeaningsandimages.(语法让我们把词汇以特定的方式组合起来，以此传递特定的含义和画面)”可知，这个例子是为了说明语法通过组织词汇来构建