上海市长宁区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）

上海市长宁区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语试卷（考试时间90分钟；满分100分）Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension(15%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillhearfiveshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inalibrary.B.Inahospital.C.Inarestaurant.D.Inaclothesshop.2.A.Hismiddleschoolteacher.B.HisinterestinFrenchculture.C.HisFrench-speakingfriends.D.HislivingexperienceinFrance.3.A.Careerplans.B.Courseselection.C.Abookoneconomics.D.Aphysicsexperiment.4.A.It'stoofarfromhisworkplace.B.It'sequippedwithgreatfacilities.C.It'smuchbetterthantheoldone.DIt'sconvenientlylocatedbutcostly.5.A.Sheisnotverypositiveaboutherchances.B.Sheisuncertainwhentheresultwillbeout.C.Sheworriesthatshewillprobablymisstheinterview.D.Shethinksthequestionsintheinterviewweredifficult.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearashortpassageandyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsonthepassage.Thepassagewillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions6through8arebasedonthefollowingpassage.6.A.TheconstructionprocessofShikumenbuildings.B.ThedevelopmentandculturalvalueofShikumen.C.ThesuccessofXintiandiasapopularshoppingcenter.D.AcomparisonbetweenShikumenandmodernbuildings.7.A.Itsstonegateandcourtyard.B.Itslargesizeandbrightcolors.C.Itshighpriceanduniquename.D.Itsglasswallsandmodernlook.8.A.Theywillalldisappearsoon.B.MoreShikumenhouseswillbebuilt.C.Theyarenolongerofinteresttotourists.D.Someofthemwillbeusedinnewways.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillhearapassage.Thepassagewillbereadtwice.Afteryouhearthepassage,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeEXACTWORDSyou'veheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks9through12arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Completethepassage.WriteONEWORDforeachblank.Irecentlywatchedthefilm"LifeinaDay".Itmademebecome________________howpeoplelivearoundtheworld.Themovieismadeupofshortvideosfilmedbythousandsofpeopleonthesameday.It'sincredibletoseesomanydifferentlives________________inonefilm.Thedirectorsaskedpeopletosharevideosoftheirdailylives.Weseeafathermakingbreakfast,childrenplayinginariver,andayoungmancaringforhissickmother.Inonepowerfulscene,asoldier'sfaceshowssuch________________thatthemomentfeelsfrozenintime.Somescenesarehappy,likeaweddingcelebration,whileothersaresad,showingpeoplefacingdifficultiesalone.Whatmakesthisprojectsospecialishowitcapturesrealmoments.Whilewatching,I________________________peopleI'venevermet.Thefilmislikeatimecapsulesavingonespecialdayforever.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabulary(24%)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordoraphrasethatbestfitseachblank.HowYourNameAffectsYourPersonalityWhat'sinaname?Thefirstthing____1____ourparentsgiveusisourname.Theyarewordsthatshowwhoweare,tiedtoeverythingfromourpersonalities____2____tidilyfileddocumentsinanoffice.Butmanyparentsmightnotrealizethatthenametheychoosefortheirchildrencouldplay____3____roleinshapinghowothersseetheirchild—andinturn,thepersontheirchildgrowsinto.Whenitcomestohownamesaffectthewaysthatwe____4____(view)byothers,considera2011GermanstudybyJochenGebae.Heconductedanexperiment____5____usersofadatingapp(交友约会软件)wereaskedwhethertheywantedtopursueadatewithpossiblematches.Hefoundthatpeople____6____namesareunfashionablearemorelikelytobepassedover.It'seasytoseewhysomeonemightstruggletobewarmiftheirnamemakes____7____hardtofitinsocially.Anotherpartofthedatingstudysupportedthisidea:those____8____(refuse)morefrequentlyoftendevelopedlowself-confidence.Similarly,otherrecentwork____9____(show)theharmfuleffectsofhavinganunpopularname.HuajianCaicross-checkedthenamesofhundredsofthousandsofpeoplewiththeirlikelihoodofhavingcommittedcrimes(犯罪的可能性).Hefoundthatpeoplewithlesspopularnamesweremorelikely_____10_____(break)thelaw.Hisresearchshowsthatournamescanhaveagreatimpactonus_____11_____theycanaffecthowwefeelaboutourselvesandhowotherstreatus._____12_____alesscommonnamemaybedisadvantageousintheshortterm,itcouldofferlong-runbenefits.Forexample,"somepeoplemaydevelopasenseofuniqueness_____13_____(result)fromtheirspecialnames,"theresearcherssay,proposingthatthissensewilldrivethemtofindanunusualcareerpath.Studiesalsoshowthatinprofessionalsettings,bosseswithrarernamestendtoemploy_____14_____(creative)businessstrategies.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.adaptB.attemptC.experimentingD.facingE.fullyF.personalG.independenceH.originallyI.limitedJ.moodK.positiveTeenageBrains:WhatIsHappeningandWhyItLeadstoRiskyBehaviorsIt’snoteasybeingateenager.Onceadolescence(青春期)arrives,learningnewskillssuchasmanagingemotions,gainingmore____15____fromparentsandtheresponsibilityofdecisionsmakeitachallengingtime.Andwhenwethinkofadolescence,someoftheissuesthatcometomindaredrinking,____16____changes,digitaltechnologiesandsocialnetworks,andevenfights.Itisatoughstageinlifethatonceweareadultswestruggletorememberandoftenhavea(n)____17____understandingofit.Foradultsthatliveorworkwithteenagers,thereisalsoachallenge.Andpartofthisisunderstandingthechangestheygothrough,whichhelpsthemfigureouttheir____18____identitythatsetsthemapart,andlearnhowtobepartofasocialgroup.Scientificadvancesinneuroscience(神经科学)helpusunderstandhowteenagerscarryoutthedecision-makingprocess.Perhapsthemostimportantfindingisthattheydosowithabrainthatisstilldeveloping,sonotallofitsabilitiesare____19____acquired.Andthiscanleadtomistakes.Forexample,thebraindevelopmentofthisagegroupmaypreventteenagersfromcarefullyconsideringpossibleconsequences(后果)whentheyare____20____withcertainriskybehaviours.Duringadolescence,therearemanysituationsthatrequiremakingdecisions:afirst____21____atsomethingnew,gettingtoknowanotherpersonwefindattractive,orbreakingarulesetbythefamily.Allthesedecisionsinvolvetwoareasofthebrainthatdevelopatverydifferenttimes.Apartfrombraindevelopment,thesocialworldofteenagersisalsokeyatthisstage.Boysandgirlsdon'tbreakoffcompletelyfromfamily,buttheydoenlargetheirsocialcircle.Theywill____22____theirbehaviourtobepartof,andfeelacceptedbythatgroup.Andgroupvalueswill,toalargeextent,regulateindividualbehaviour.Whatothersseeas____23____willbepromoted.Whatisseenasharmfulwillbeavoided.Inthisway,developingteenagerswilltrytofollowwhatisassumedtobethegroup’sexpectationswhiletheyare____24____peerpressure—thatis,theinfluenceofthesocialgrouponaperson.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(34%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fewthingsdelightchildren,orannoytheirparents,asmuchasscreentime.Parentsalwaystelltheirchildrento____25____theirsmartphonesandpickupabook.Evenexpertsworryaboutkids’screentime.However,theirworrymaybefocusedonthe____26____agegroup.Thesedays,it’stheagedwhoareaddingtotheirscreentime,spendingmorehoursonsmartphonesandiPads.Ontheonehand,beingabletouse____27____benefitstheaged—theymaygainmorefromsmartdevicesthananyotheragegroup.FacebookandWeChatbringdaily____28____fromoldfriendsandfarawaygrandchildren.E-shopping____29____theneedtogofromstoretostore.____30____,olderpeopleusuallyhavemorefreetime.Forateenagerfacingexams,thecostofafive-hour-a-dayTikTokhabitishigh.Forolderpeopleitis____31____acaseofjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother.Parentsandpolicymakershavearighttodecidehowchildrenspendtheirtime.Adultsshouldbefreetowasteitastheylike.Yetasretirementmovesonlinetherewillbeproblemsthatsocietymustrealize.Onesuchproblemis____32____.Olderpeoplearetwiceaslikelyasunder-25stousenewsappsorwebsites.Theyarealsomorelikelythanotherstobe____33____byonlinehoaxes(骗局).AsolderpeoplemovefromspendingtheirtimeinfrontofnewspaperstospendingitonYouTubeorTikTok,theyareenteringaWildWestofinformation,whichcouldpossiblymisleadthem.Screentimealsohasamixedimpactonloneliness.Screensaregood____34____forthelonely.Buttheycanalsotaketheplaceofreal-worldexperiences.Onlineshoppingpreventsthehassle(麻烦)oftheweeklyshoppingtrip—butalsothesocial____35____thatcomewithit.Controllingthetimespentonscreenuseisa(n)____36____practiceforteenagers,becausetheirtimeonlineiscontrolledbyteachersduringthedayandparentsintheevening.However,olderpeoplelacktheseresourcesthatcanhelpregulatetheirscreentime.25.A.giveinto B.keepaneyeon C.putdown D.fadeaway26.A.main B.relevant C.specific D.wrong27.A.energy B.language C.technology D.wisdom28.A.necessities B.services C.tasks D.updates29.A.recognises B.examines C.highlights D.removes30.A.Besides B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise31.A.hardly B.originally C.simply D.suddenly32.A.addiction B.communication C.confidence D.misinformation33.A.fooled B.determined C.inspired D.refused34.A.achievement B.company C.desire D.signal35.A.chats B.expectations C.habits D.positions36.A.beneficial B.easy C.impossible D.privateSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Eatlocallytoreducefoodmilesandyourcarbonfootprint.Thatisthemessageyoucanoftenhearfromsomeenvironmentalists.AstudypublishedtodayinthejournalNatureFoodshowsthatglobalfoodmilesaccountfor20percentoffood-relatedcarbonemissions(碳排放)—amuchhighernumberthanreportedinearlierwork.Sodofoodmilesmattermorethanwethought?Previousstudieshavefoundthattheemissionsfromfoodmiles—thedistancethatfoodhastobetransportedfromwhereitisproducedtowhereitiseaten,multiplied(乘以)bytheweight—aretinycomparedwiththosefromgrowingthatfood.AstudyofUSdietsshowedthattransportingfoodfromfarmstoshopsproducesjust4percentoffood-relatedemissions.Whatthismeansisthatifyouwanttoreducethecarbonemissionsofyourdiet,youshouldfocusonbuyingfoodswithlowercarbonfootprintsratherthanthosethatdon'thavetotravelfar.Thisbasicallymeanseatinglessmeatanddairy.What’smore,evenwiththesamefoodtypes,localisn'talwaysbetter.Ifyouliveinanationwithacoolertemperaturewheretomatoescanbegrownonlyusingheatedgreenhouses,theselocaltomatoeswilltypicallyhaveahighercarbonfootprintthanthosefromawarmerplacewherenoheatingisneeded.Thelateststudydoesn’treject(推翻)anyofthis.Themainreasonwhyitconcludesthatfoodmilesaccountforsuchalargepartoffood-relatedemissionsisthatthe"20percent"includesallthetransport,includingthatoffertilisers(肥料)andfarmequipment,notjustthetransportoffood.Thestudylooksattheentiresupplychainoffood,andnaturallynon-fooditemsarepartofit.Itisrevealingtoconsiderthesefactors,buttheteamshoulduseanotherphrasetoreplace“foodmiles”toavoidmisleadingthereaders,ratherthanusingitinalesscommonway.Ifthestandarddefinitionwereappliedtothenumbersinthestudy,foodmileswouldaccountforonly9percentoffood-relatedemissions.What’smore,thestudyitselfshowsthatevenifitwerepossibletoproduceallfoodinthecountrieswhereitiseaten,moreofitwouldbetransportedbyroadinsteadofsea,andtrucksproducehigheremissionsthanships.37.Ifpeoplewanttoreduceemissionsfromfood,theyareadvisedto________.A.buyonlylocallyproducedfoodB.choosefoodswithlowercarbonfootprintsC.avoideatingfoodgrowninwarmclimatesD.focusonreducingtheweightoffoodtheybuy38.ThemainproblemwiththenewstudypublishedinNatureFoodisthat________.A.itcollectsdatafromanunreliablesourceB.itsresultsdifferfromthoseofpreviousstudiesC.itsuseofatermwillprobablyleadtoconfusionD.itdoesnotofferasolutiontofood-relatedemissions________.39.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat____________.A.localfarmingcanincreasetheefficiencyoffoodtransportationBgrowingallfoodlocallywillnotnecessarilyhelpcutemissionsC.consumersshouldbeencouragedtobuyfoodfromothercountriesD.trucktransportshouldbebannedduetoitscontributiontoemissions40.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A.discusshowtoreduceemissionscausedbyfoodmilesB.comparethemethodsusedindifferentfood-relatedstudiesC.arguethathumanactivitiesarethemaincauseofairpollutionD.challengeabeliefabouttheenvironmentalimpactoffoodmiles(B)NewYorkCityprovidesvarioushotelexperiencestosuitdifferentpreferences.Fromeconomicalchoicestoexpensivestays,visitorscanalwaysfindtheperfectplacefortheirneeds.ArloNoMadArloNoMadcombinesstylewithaffordability,featuringsmallyetwell-designedrooms.Thehighlightistheirfloor-to-ceilingwindowsofferingamazingurbanviews.GuestsenjoyfreeCitiBikeandmoderncoworkingspaces.ThehotelincludesadinerservingcreativeAmericandishesandarooftopbaroverlookingtheEmpireStateBuilding.Roomratesstartat$197pernight,includingbreakfast.FreehandNewYorkThishotelhasmanypopularbarsandrestaurants.GuestscanexperiencerooftopwineatBrokenShaker,LatinAmericanfoodatComodo,ordancetoDJsets.Thehotel'splayfulstylecanalsobeseenintheguestroomsfeaturingcustomwalldrawings.Roomsareavailablefrom$238pernight.TheWalkerHotelFromthemomentyoustepinsideTheWalkerHotelinGreenwichVillage,you'llfeelmorelikeyou'reinaneighbourhoodhangoutthanahotel.Guestsgatherinthemainhalleachevening,listeningtolocaljazz.Thenightlysongsareinkeepingwiththenostalgicinteriors(怀旧的内饰).Stoneceilingsandthickcurtainssetthetonefortheartisticwallpaperthatdecoratestheguestroomsabove.BookoneonthehigherfloorsforkillerManhattanviews.Roomsfrom$395pernight.NineOrchardSetinaformerbank,NineOrchardmixeshistoricalbuildingstyleswithmoderncomfort.Thehotelfeaturesanoutstandingrestaurantintheoriginalbankhallandacomfortableguestwaitingroomwithafireplace.Roomsprovideapeacefulescapewithmid-centuryinspireddesign.Aspecialtouchisthenightlyturndownservicewithcookies.Roomsfrom$576pernight.41.WhatisacommonfeaturesharedbybothArloNoMadandTheWalkerHotel?A.Freebreakfastforguests.B.Freebicycleuseforguests.C.Livemusicperformances.D.Roomswithimpressivecityviews.42.Whichhotelisagoodfitfortravelerswhoexpectaquietstayinaplacewitholdbuildingfeatures,alongwithcomfortablefacilitiesandsweetlittleservices?A.ArloNoMad.B.FreehandNewYork.C.TheWalkerHotel.D.NineOrchard.43Whereisthispassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Atravelmagazine.B.AguidetoNewYorkbuildingstyles.C.Ahotelmanagementtextbook.D.AneconomicreportonNewYorktourism.SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.HowArtificialIntelligence(AI)CanHelpYouLearnFasterLearningEnglishiseasierwithAItools.Thesetoolscanhelpimproveyourvocabularyaswellasyourwritingandspeakingskills.Let'sexploresomeofthem.ItisnecessarytohaveabroadvocabularytocommunicatewellinEnglish.Quizletletsyoucreatevocabularyflashcardsorusesetsmadebyothers.___44___Quizletisagreattoolforreviewingvocabularyandhelpingyoupreparefortests.Writingwelltakespracticeandediting,too!Write&Improve,createdbyCambridgeUniversity,offersvariouswritingtasksandprovidesimmediatefeedbacktohelpyouimprove.Additionally,asubscription(订阅)toCambridge'sTestZoneprovidespracticequestionsandscorestohelpthosepreparingtotaketheIELTStest.Grammarlyisalsoanexcellentwritingtool.Itcancheckyourwritingforgrammarmistakesorerrorsinthesentences.___45___Speechescallforclearpronunciation.CheckyoursbyrecordingyourspeechintoSpeechTexter,whichwritesdownwhatithearsfromyou.___46___Thisshowsyouwhichwordsyoudidn'tpronouncecorrectlysoyoucanpractice.Thenyoucangiveagreatpresentation!___47___Ifso,youcanpracticewithoutanystressbyusingSmallTalk2Me.IttalkswithyouinEnglishandhelpsyouimproveyourspeakingskills.AItoolsthathelpyouenlargeyourvocabulary,improveyourwritingandpracticeyourspeakingskillsarevaluableresources.TrythemandseehowrapidlyyourEnglishimproves!A.DoestalkinginEnglishmakeyounervous?B.Ittakesmuchpracticetobecomeaconfidentreader.C.Thenitsuggestschangesbyshowingyouhowtocorrectthem.D.Tryusingpassagesatdifferentlevelstoimproveyourreadingspeed.E.Italsoturnsstudyingintoagametohelpyourememberwordsbetter.F.Comparethistextwithyourwrittenspeechtoseewherethetwotextsaredifferent.Ⅳ.Translation(15%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.48.自动贩卖机里有各式各样的零食。(variety)(汉译英)___________________________________________________________________49.他能从车祸中幸存下来是因为系了安全带。(Thereason...)(汉译英)___________________________________________________________________50.从观众反应来看，这个摇滚乐队很受欢迎。（Judging...）（汉译英）___________________________________________________________________51.为了合群，他不得不坐了一次主题公园里的小火车。(fit)(汉译英)___________________________________________________________________52.这项实验旨在探究人们能否不靠省力家电来做家务。(capable)(汉译英)___________________________________________________________________Ⅴ.GuidedWriting(12%)53Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositioninabout80-100wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.请结合事例描述一位你最尊敬的老师。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________上海市长宁区2025-2026学年高一上学期期末教学质量调研英语试卷（考试时间90分钟；满分100分）Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension(15%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillhearfiveshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Inalibrary.B.Inahospital.C.Inarestaurant.D.Inaclothesshop.2.A.Hismiddleschoolteacher.B.HisinterestinFrenchculture.C.HisFrench-speakingfriends.D.HislivingexperienceinFrance.3.A.Careerplans.B.Courseselection.C.Abookoneconomics.D.Aphysicsexperiment.4.A.It'stoofarfromhisworkplace.B.It'sequippedwithgreatfacilities.C.It'smuchbetterthantheoldone.D.It'sconvenientlylocatedbutcostly.5.A.Sheisnotverypositiveaboutherchances.B.Sheisuncertainwhentheresultwillbeout.CSheworriesthatshewillprobablymisstheinterview.D.Shethinksthequestionsintheinterviewweredifficult.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearashortpassageandyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsonthepassage.Thepassagewillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions6through8arebasedonthefollowingpassage.6.A.TheconstructionprocessofShikumenbuildings.B.ThedevelopmentandculturalvalueofShikumen.C.ThesuccessofXintiandiasapopularshoppingcenter.D.AcomparisonbetweenShikumenandmodernbuildings.7.A.Itsstonegateandcourtyard.B.Itslargesizeandbrightcolors.C.Itshighpriceanduniquename.D.Itsglasswallsandmodernlook.8.A.Theywillalldisappearsoon.B.MoreShikumenhouseswillbebuilt.C.Theyarenolongerofinteresttotourists.D.Someofthemwillbeusedinnewways.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillhearapassage.Thepassagewillbereadtwice.Afteryouhearthepassage,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeEXACTWORDSyou'veheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks9through12arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Completethepassage.WriteONEWORDforeachblank.Irecentlywatchedthefilm"LifeinaDay".Itmademebecome________________howpeoplelivearoundtheworld.Themovieismadeupofshortvideosfilmedbythousandsofpeopleonthesameday.It'sincredibletoseesomanydifferentlives________________inonefilm.Thedirectorsaskedpeopletosharevideosoftheirdailylives.Weseeafathermakingbreakfast,childrenplayinginariver,andayoungmancaringforhissickmother.Inonepowerfulscene,asoldier'sfaceshowssuch________________thatthemomentfeelsfrozenintime.Somescenesarehappy,likeaweddingcelebration,whileothersaresad,showingpeoplefacingdifficultiesalone.Whatmakesthisprojectsospecialishowitcapturesrealmoments.Whilewatching,I________________________peopleI'venevermet.Thefilmislikeatimecapsulesavingonespecialdayforever.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabulary(24%)SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordoraphrasethatbestfitseachblank.HowYourNameAffectsYourPersonalityWhat'sinaname?Thefirstthing____1____ourparentsgiveusisourname.Theyarewordsthatshowwhoweare,tiedtoeverythingfromourpersonalities____2____tidilyfileddocumentsinanoffice.Butmanyparentsmightnotrealizethatthenametheychoosefortheirchildrencouldplay____3____roleinshapinghowothersseetheirchild—andinturn,thepersontheirchildgrowsinto.Whenitcomestohownamesaffectthewaysthatwe____4____(view)byothers,considera2011GermanstudybyJochenGebae.Heconductedanexperiment____5____usersofadatingapp(交友约会软件)wereaskedwhethertheywantedtopursueadatewithpossiblematches.Hefoundthatpeople____6____namesareunfashionablearemorelikelytobepassedover.It'seasytoseewhysomeonemightstruggletobewarmiftheirnamemakes____7____hardtofitinsociallyAnotherpartofthedatingstudysupportedthisidea:those____8____(refuse)morefrequentlyoftendevelopedlowself-confidence.Similarly,otherrecentwork____9____(show)theharmfuleffectsofhavinganunpopularname.HuajianCaicross-checkedthenamesofhundredsofthousandsofpeoplewiththeirlikelihoodofhavingcommittedcrimes(犯罪的可能性).Hefoundthatpeoplewithlesspopularnamesweremorelikely_____10_____(break)thelaw.Hisresearchshowsthatournamescanhaveagreatimpactonus_____11_____theycanaffecthowwefeelaboutourselvesandhowotherstreatus._____12_____alesscommonnamemaybedisadvantageousintheshortterm,itcouldofferlong-runbenefits.Forexample,"somepeoplemaydevelopasenseofuniqueness_____13_____(result)fromtheirspecialnames,"theresearcherssay,proposingthatthissensewilldrivethemtofindanunusualcareerpath.Studiesalsoshowthatinprofessionalsettings,bosseswithrarernamestendtoemploy_____14_____(creative)businessstrategies.【答案】1.that2.to3.a4.areviewed5.where6.whose7.it8.refused9.hasshown10.tobreak11.because##as12.Although13.resulting14.morecreative【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了名字如何影响人的性格。阐述了名字在塑造他人对我们的看法以及我们自身成长方面的作用，既提及了不流行名字带来的负面影响，也指出了不常见名字在长期可能具有的好处。【1题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们父母给我们的第一件东西就是我们的名字。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为thing，且被序数词thefirst修饰，在定语从句中作give的宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。【2题详解】考查介词。句意：这些词表明我们是谁，与从我们的个性到办公室里整齐归档的文件的一切都紧密相连。固定搭配from...to...“从……到……”，to是介词。故填to。【3题详解】考查冠词。句意：但许多父母可能没有意识到，他们为孩子选择的名字在塑造他人如何看待他们的孩子——进而影响他们的孩子成长为什么样的人方面可能发挥着作用。固定短语playarolein“在……中起作用”。故填a。【4题详解】考查动词语态。句意：当谈到名字如何影响他人对我们的看法时，想想约亨·格巴2011年在德国进行的一项研究。此处为that引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，we和view之间是被动关系，且描述一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语we是复数，be动词用are。故填areviewed。【5题详解】考查定语从句。句意：他进行了一项实验，在这个实验中，一款交友约会软件的用户