学术英语医疗重点翻译讲义

学术英语医疗重点翻译TextA

5.Wemerelyzipbackandforthbetweenthem,generallylosingaccuracyinthe

process.我们人类只是在两个想法之间来回快速转换，通常情况下，在转换的过程中丢失了精准。6.Themore

thoughtswejuggle,thelessweareabletoattunefullytoanygiventhought.(Para.8)

Thehigherup,theheavierthefall.Themore,thebetter.7.Mychoicesseemtoboildowntoentertainingfewerthoughts,acceptingdecreasedaccuracyforeachthought,givinguponthoroughdocumentation,orhavingaconstantheadachefromneuronaloverload.(Para.10)boildownto:归结为Itboilsdowntoaquestionofethics.它可归结成一个伦理学问题。unit1TextA

8.Insomecases,havingadedicatedandcompetentclinicalpartnersuchasaone-on-onenursecancomeclosetosimulatingasecondbrain,butmostmedicalbudgetsdon'tallowforsuchstaffingindulgence.(Para.12)

有些情况下，有个专注、出色的临床搭档，如一对一的护士，就仿佛有了第二个大脑，不过大多数医疗预算不会如此大方，这样配备人员。unit1TextA________________overload（神经过载）atypicaloffice________（典型的诊所就诊）DEXA_______（DEXA扫描）medical___________（行医）visitscanpracticeneuron/neuronal____________report（乳房X-线检查报告）_________examination（体检）__________ofamedication（药物的副作用）mammogramside-effectsphysicalTextApanicbloodpressuremaintenancepracticingtransplantbudgettabletchildproofUnit1

Doctors’LifeLanguageBuilding-upTextASuggestedanswers–languagebuilding-upUnit1

Doctors’LifeTask1.2MatcheachofthefollowingdefinitionswithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.colonoscopy结肠镜检查（术）hypertension高血压mammogram乳房X线照片neuron神经元，神经细胞nutritionist营养学家osteoporosis骨质疏松TextASuggestedanswers–languagebuilding-upUnit1

Doctors’LifeTask1.2MatcheachofthefollowingdefinitionswithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.transplant移植pneumonia肺炎podiatrist足病医生refill再配（处方）TextBThisconventionalwisdomformedthebasisfordailyconfrontationsbetweenanincreasinglyrestlessandresentfulpatientandanincreasinglyadamantanddoom-predictingclinicalclerk.(Para.4)有的病人越来越焦躁不安、越来越愤愤不满，有的临床医生越来越固执己见、越来越热衷于生死决断。这种传统智慧就成了这些病人和临床医生之间天天对抗不断的基础。Mysubsequent‘clinicalcourse’wasfarfromuneventful.(Para.9)我后来的“临床之路”远非平淡无奇TextB…theyhadfallenfrom48to46thepreviousmonth!(Para.9)（染色体的数量）在上个月已经从48条变为46！（人体到底有多少条染色体？这个问题经过了几十年的反复，到1954年才确定为23对，46条。）Iamproudtohavecontributedtothisdevelopment,totheskepticismthatdrivesit,andtothebetterinformedtreatmentdecisionsandchoiceswhichhavebeenmadepossibleasaresult.对于随机试验的发展、对于驱动这种发展的怀疑态度、以及对于因此而可能做出更好的知情治疗决定和选择，我有一份贡献，对此我感到自豪。TextB____________clinicaltrial（随机临床试验）random_________（随机分配）patient_________（病人的预后）_________group（对照组）a10-year_________study（10年的跟踪研究）randomizedallocationprognosiscontrolfollow-upUnit1

Doctors’LifeLanguagebuilding-upTextBamedical_________（内科病房）infectious_________（传染性肝炎）severe___________（身体严重不适）bilirubin___________（胆红素代谢）permanent______damage（永久的肝损伤）wardhepatitismalaisemetabolismliverUnit1

Doctors’LifeTextBexacerbate____________（加重病理生理状况）medical_________（医学文献）clinical____________（临床调查）_________ofrelapse（复发率）clinical_____________（临床流行病学）pathophysiologyliteratureinvestigationmetabolismepidemiologyUnit1

Doctors’LifeTextBstrict____________（严格的卧床休息）hospital_________（住院）recurrent____________（反复发作的黄疸）clinical_________（临床病程）

bed

reststayjaundicecourseUnit1

Doctors’LifeTextB______________morphine（静脉注射吗啡）_________bloodpressure（舒张压）brain___________（大脑血灌注）_____________care（初级保健）aorto-coronaryarterial_________（主动脉冠状动脉旁路）_________treatmentdecision（知情治疗决定）intravenousdiastolicperfusionprimarybypassinformedUnit1

Doctors’Life“Emergence”isinfactregression,areturntothestandardthatprevaileduniversallyinthepreviouscentury,“出现新病”实际上是一种退步，又回到上个世纪普遍存在的水平。…whichneverreallywentaway,thoughupscaleoperabuffsmighthavethoughtitwasconfinedtoproductionsof“LaBoheme”………虽然上层社会的歌剧迷们也许觉得结核病只是歌剧《波西米亚人》中的创作，而事实上,结核病就从来没有消失过……。歌剧《波西米亚人》的女主人公咪咪死于肺结核。“Thewarhasbeenwon”,onescientistrecentlyquipped.“Bytheotherside.”“战争胜利了”，最近有位科学家嘲弄道。”是对方（传染病）获胜。”Page27

Task1MedicalTerminology

Page33-34TextASuggestedAnswers

People’smindsareinfectedbyspin—acontagionofhalf-truths,fearfulfictions,andblatantdeceit.(Para.3)人心被蛊惑，受各种歪理邪说的感染，有半真半假的报道、有恐怖骇人的杜撰、还有赤裸无耻的欺骗。Theyworklonghoursandscheduleourtimetothehilt.(Para.4)他们（那些需求）长期存在，把我们的时间挤得满满当当。Spinoccurswhenweliveunconsciously,pushedandpulledinsomanydirectionsthattheylooseagripofourinnerandouterrealities.(Para.3)我们受蛊惑是因为我们活得浑浑噩噩，被逼得东奔西撞、晕头转向，以至于无法把握我们的内心真实和身外现实。TextA

Unit5HealthyLivingSpinoccurswhenweliveunconsciously,pushedandpulledinsomanydirectionsthattheylooseagripofourinnerandouterrealities.(Para.3)我们受蛊惑是因为我们活得浑浑噩噩，被逼得东奔西撞、晕头转向，以至于无法把握我们的内心真实和身外现实。However,somepeoplegothroughlifeonautomaticpilot.(Para.2)然而，有些人的生活是走一步，算一步。unit10AsolutiontoEDboardingmaythusbetoinvertthecurrentparadigmofincentivesandreimbursementandreprioritizeourscarcehealthcareresourcesandhospitalbedsforpatientswithemergencyorurgentconditions,…解决急救室拥挤的一种方法是，转变当前的奖励和报销模式，让有紧急需求的病人优先享有稀缺的医疗资源和病床…ahealth________(健康危机)physical___________(身体症状)energyand_________(能量和活力)becompletely________fromsth.(完全免疫)________offalseness(虚假的病毒)stressful________(有压力的生活方式)________emotion(健全的感情)_________health(脆弱的健康)to_________ourmind,body,andspirit(平衡心理，身体和精神)_________life(精神生活)the___________towellness(通向身心健康的“路障”)__________emotions(被压抑的感情)__________feelingsandemotions(真情实感)______________influences(心理影响)fully____________humanbeings(十全十美的人)

TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

crisissymptomsvitalityimmuneviruslifestylerobustfragilebalancespiritualblockagesrepressedgenuineintegratedphysiologicalUnit5HealthyLivingTextAfragile虚弱的，脆弱的unconscious无意识的blockage障碍物vitality生机，活力triple增至三倍Task1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.Suggestedanswers2Languagebuilding-upUnit5HealthyLiving__________teeth(蛀牙)__________professor(营养教授)burgeoning_________(迅速膨胀的腰围)_________water(瓶装水)caloric___________(热量摄入)tocurb___________(节制食欲)TextB

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decayingintakeappetitenutritionwaistlinebottledUnit5HealthyLivingTextC

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proteinobesityleandietaryqualitydiarydiabetescontentUnit5HealthyLivingTextA

Hewaslargeandpowerfullybuiltbutneverseemedtoloomoverhispatients…他身材高大伟岸，但是从来不让病人有咄咄逼人的感觉…asmovementscallingforpatientempowermentgrewandmedicalethicistsbeganarticulatingprinciplesregardingtheethicalcareofpatients.…要求病人授权的呼声越来越高，而且医学伦理学家也开始阐述病人伦理关怀的相关原则。Onetenetthatgainedparticulartractionamongclinicians…临床医生们尤为拥护的一条宗旨…thisethicalprincipleledtoanewclinicalideal:patient-centeredcare…这条伦理原则导致了一种新的临床理念的出现：以病人为中心的医护。…andthatinterpretationwouldworkitswayintotheteachingprogramsofmedicalschoolsandintostatelawsthatmandateddiscussionoftreatmentoptionswithpatients.…而且，对病人自主性的解释逐渐进入了医学院校的课程，也被写进各州的法律，规定医生必须与病人讨论治疗方案的选择。…youngdoctors,myselfincluded,wouldbetrainedtorestrainourselvesfrommakinganythingbutemergencyormundanedecisionsforpatients.包括我在内，年轻医生将接受培训，学会除了一些紧急状况或日常琐事，不为病人作其他任何决定Whiledoctorsmightequatelettingpatientsmaketheirowndecisionswithrespect…虽然医生也许认为让病人自己作决定就是尊重病人…Somewillresorttoveilingtheirownopinionsinahalfheartedattempttodirectthedecision.有些医生采取的做法是隐藏自己的观点，用隐隐约约的方式引导病人作决定。Whilethedoctorsmightbeconvincedthattheyarebeingobjectiveanddispassionate,moreoftenthannottheyaresendingmixedmessages.虽然医生坚信自己的态度客观冷静，但往往他们在向病人发出莫衷一是的信息。TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

stationlife-supportmeasureswithdrawpaternalisticempowermentethicistsprinciplesidealUnit7LifeandMedicinepatient-centeredTextA

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autonomyoptionsexclusiveemergencyrestraintanxietytransgressionpracticeUnit7LifeandMedicineTextATask1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.medication药物，药物治疗自主性

autonomy临床医生cliniciansurgical外科的painful疼痛的SuggestedanswersLanguagebuilding-up2Unit7LifeandMedicineTextAphysician医生，内科医生clinical临床的ethicist伦理学家unethical不道德的hospitalize住院Task1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.Suggestedanswers2Languagebuilding-upUnit7LifeandMedicinewidespread___________(广泛转移)___________treatment(积极治疗)_________lesion(原发病灶)torecommend_________(建议随访)electronic_________(电子病历)pulmonary__________(肺栓塞)computerized___________(CT,计算机断层扫描)bilateral__________(双侧浸润)a(n)_________X-ray(X线胸片)left__________pneumonia(左下叶肺炎)__________breathing(呼吸困难)thehospice_______(临终关怀团队)

TextB

LanguageBuilding-up

metastasesaggressiveprimaryfollow-uprecordembolitomographyinfiltrateschestUnit7LifeandMedicinelower-lobelaboredteam________illness(慢性病)____________aspects(社会心理学领域)evidence-based__________(询证临床指南)to___________aplanofcare(实施治疗方案)TextC

LanguageBuilding-up

chronicpsychosocialguidelinesimplementUnit7LifeandMedicineTextATask1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.malady疾病专业specialty开处方prescribediagnosis诊断SuggestedanswersLanguagebuilding-up2Unit9MedicalEducationTextAtreatment治疗residency（医生的）住院实习期technician技师manifestation表现Task1/MedicalterminologyMatcheachdefinitionwithitscorrespondingEnglishtermandChineseequivalent.Suggestedanswers2Languagebuilding-upUnit9MedicalEducationprofessionalism专业精神TextA

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curriculumcommunitydiagnosticexpectationsmanifestationscivicmindednessattributesvaluemaladiesUnit9MedicalEducationTextB

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directoriescertificationmannerunderservedshortageintegralUnit9MedicalEducationaddressTextC

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basicsthe___________ofanatomy(解剖基础知识)a(n)___________hospital(教学医院)a(n)___________medicalcenter(学术医学中心)to____________teachinghospitals(隶属于教学医院)_________________________credits(钠的含量)

continuingmedicaleducationteachingaffiliatewithacademicUnit9MedicalEducationUnit10TextA

Weknow,forexample,thatpeopleareverybadatundertakingactionswithcostsintheshorttermandbenefitsonlydowntheroad(witnesssavingforretirement).例如，我们知道人们很不愿意做眼下要付出代价、而长期会获益的行为（例如为退休存钱。TheGAOhasnotedthatmanyhospitaladministratorstolerateEDcrowdingandevendivertinboundambulancesratherthanpostponeorcancelelectiveadmissions.政府问责办公室意识到，许多医院管理者对一些可收可不收的病人不是采取推迟或取消入院处理方法，而是对急诊科拥挤现象采取容忍态度，有的甚至将进院的救护车转到别处。TextA

LanguageBuilding-up

coverageMedicaidsustainedsingle-payerdeficitssubsidizevaluedeliverUnit10HealthCareSystemTextB

DifficultsentencesTheShakespeareanwarning“Defernotime,delayshavedangerousends”isanapt