2026年计算机专业英语词汇与题目集

2026年计算机专业英语词汇与题目集词汇部分（选择填空题）（共10题，每题2分，合计20分）要求：从下列选项中选择最合适的词汇填入句子空白处。1.ThenewAI-driven[A.algorithm/B.protocol/C.framework]isdesignedtooptimizedataprocessingincloudenvironments.-答案：A-解析："Algorithm"（算法）最符合句意，强调数据处理优化。2.Toenhance[A.scalability/B.compatibility/C.reliability],thesystemwasupdatedtosupportmultipleoperatingplatforms.-答案：A-解析："Scalability"（可扩展性）是系统优化的核心需求。3.Thecybersecurityteamimplementeda[A.firewall/B.phishing/C.encryption]solutiontoprotectsensitivedatafrombreaches.-答案：A-解析："Firewall"（防火墙）是网络安全防护的常见技术。4.TheDevOpsteamuses[A.CI/CD/B.Agile/C.JIRA]pipelinestoautomatedeploymentprocesses.-答案：A-解析："CI/CD"（持续集成/持续部署）是自动化部署的标准术语。5.Thecloudserviceprovideroffers[A.microservices/B.serverless/C.virtualization]architecturetoreduceinfrastructurecosts.-答案：B-解析："Serverless"（无服务器）架构能显著降低运维成本。6.Thedatabasequeryperformancewasimprovedbyoptimizingthe[A.indexing/B.caching/C.partitioning]strategy.-答案：A-解析："Indexing"（索引优化）是提升查询效率的关键。7.Theteamdeployeda[A.distributed/B.centralized/C.hybrid]systemtohandleglobaldatasynchronization.-答案：A-解析："Distributed"（分布式）系统适合跨国数据管理。8.Thesoftwareengineerutilizeda[A.debugging/B.profiling/C.logging]tooltoidentifyperformancebottlenecks.-答案：B-解析："Profiling"（性能分析）用于定位系统瓶颈。9.TheIoTdevicecommunicateswiththeserverusing[A.MQTT/B.SSH/C.HTTP]protocols.-答案：A-解析："MQTT"（消息队列遥测传输）是物联网常用协议。10.Theprojectmanageradopted[A.Kanban/B.Waterfall/C.Scrum]methodologytomanageagiledevelopment.-答案：C-解析："Scrum"（敏捷开发框架）适合快速迭代项目。词汇部分（匹配题）（共5题，每题2分，合计10分）要求：将左侧词汇与右侧定义进行匹配。左侧词汇：1.BigData2.CloudComputing3.Blockchain4.MachineLearning5.DevOps右侧定义：A.Adecentralized,distributedledgertechnologyusedforsecuretransactions.B.Thepracticeofcombiningsoftwaredevelopment(Dev)andIToperations(Ops).C.Theprocessoftrainingsystemstolearnpatternsfromlargedatasets.D.ThedeliveryofcomputingservicesovertheInternet("thecloud").E.Extremelylargedatasetsthatrequireadvancedanalyticsforinsights.答案：1-E,2-D,3-A,4-C,5-B句子改错题（共5题，每题3分，合计15分）要求：找出句子中的语法或用词错误，并改正。1.原句："Thesystemwillbeimplementedby2026forimproveefficiency."-错误："improve"应为动名词"improving"。-改正："Thesystemwillbeimplementedby2026toimproveefficiency."2.原句："Thedatabasequerywastooslowlytoexecutewithoutoptimization."-错误："slowly"应改为副词"slow"。-改正："Thedatabasequerywastooslowtoexecutewithoutoptimization."3.原句："Anewframeworkisdevelopedtosolvetheproblemofscalability."-错误："developed"应改为过去分词作后置定语。-改正："Anewframeworkhasbeendevelopedtosolvetheproblemofscalability."4.原句："Theuserinterfacemustbeuser-friendlyandintuitiveforeasynavigation."-错误：重复冗余，"user-friendly"已包含"user"含义。-改正："Theuserinterfacemustbefriendlyandintuitiveforeasynavigation."5.原句："Thecloudstoragesolutionisusedtostorelargefilesanditishighlyscalable."-错误：句子结构不完整，缺少连词。-改正："Thecloudstoragesolutionisusedtostorelargefiles,anditishighlyscalable."阅读理解题（共5题，每题4分，合计20分）要求：阅读以下短文，选择最符合文意的选项。短文：Theriseofedgecomputinghasrevolutionizeddataprocessingbymovingcomputationclosertothedatasource.Unliketraditionalcloud-basedsystems,edgecomputingreduceslatencyandbandwidthcostsbyprocessingdatalocallyondevices.Thisapproachisparticularlycriticalinindustrieslikeautonomousvehicles,healthcare,andindustrialIoT,wherereal-timedecision-makingisessential.However,italsointroduceschallengessuchassecurityvulnerabilitiesandhardwareresourceconstraints.CompaniesarenowinvestinginedgeAIandedgeanalyticstooptimizeperformancewhilemaintainingdataprivacy.问题：1.Whatistheprimaryadvantageofedgecomputingovercloudcomputing?-A.Higherstoragecapacity-B.Lowerlatency-C.Betterscalability-答案：B2.WhichindustryisNOTmentionedasbenefitingfromedgecomputing?-A.Autonomousvehicles-B.E-commerce-C.Healthcare-答案：B3.Whatisamajorchallengeofedgecomputing?-A.Highbandwidthusage-B.Securityvulnerabilities-C.Complexsoftwarearchitecture-答案：B4.Whattechnologyismentionedasanoptimizationtoolforedgecomputing?-A.Blockchain-B.EdgeAI-C.DevOps-答案：B5.Whyisedgecomputingimportantforautonomousvehicles?-A.Toreducedatatransfercosts-B.Toenablereal-timedecision-making-C.Toincreasehardwareefficiency-答案：B翻译题（共5题，每题4分，合计20分）要求：将中文句子翻译成英文。1.人工智能技术在医疗领域的应用正在逐步改变诊断流程。-答案："Theapplicationofartificialintelligencetechnologyinthemedicalfieldisgraduallytransformingdiagnosticprocesses."2.企业需要采用云原生架构以适应快速变化的市场需求。-答案："Companiesneedtoadoptcloud-nativearchitecturestoadapttorapidlychangingmarketdemands."3.区块链的去中心化特性使其成为数字货币和供应链管理的重要基础。-答案："Thedecentralizednatureofblockchainmakesitacrucialfoundationfordigitalcurrenciesandsupplychainmanagement."4.DevOps团队通过自动化测试提高了软件交付的效率。-答案："TheDevOpsteamimprovedsoftwaredeliveryefficiencythroughautomatedtesting."5.边缘计算通过减少数据传输距离来降低网络延迟。-答案："Edgecomputingreducesnetworklatencybyminimizingdatatransmissiondistances."答案与解析词汇部分（选择填空题）：1-A,2-A,3-A,4-A,5-B,6-B,7-A,8-B,9-A,10-C句子改错题：1."improve"→"improving"2."slowly"→"slow"3."developed"→"hasbeendeveloped"4."user-friendly"→"friendly"5.Add"and"