2026届新高考英语三轮冲刺复习名词

英语2026届新高考英语三轮冲刺复习名词1.可数名词变复数(1)规则变化重难透析情况构成示例一般情况加-s熟人acquaintance→acquaintances

展示display→displays以-s、-x、-ch、-sh等结尾词加-es方法approach→approaches

碰撞crash→crashes病毒virus→viruses

箱子box→boxes如果词尾的-ch发/k/音,加-s胃stomach→stomachs以辅音字母加-y结尾的词将y变为i加-es发现discovery→discoveries

设施facility→facilities情况构成示例以-o结尾的词加-s工作室studio→studios加-es英雄hero→heroes土豆potato→potatoes西红柿tomato→tomatoes加-s或-es均可座右铭motto→mottos/mottoes

火山volcano→volcanos/volcanoes以-f或-fe结尾的词将f或fe变为v加-es刀knife→knives

小偷thief→thieves

狼wolf→wolves加-s海湾gulf→gulfs

悬崖cliff→cliffs

屋顶roof→roofs首领chief→chiefs信仰belief→beliefs证据proof→proofs(2)不规则变化变化方式示例单复数同形鹿deer

绵羊sheep

方式means

飞机aircraft

工厂works系列series物种species

头数head

中国人Chinese

日本人Japanese

瑞士人Swiss变内部元音脚,英尺foot→feet牙齿tooth→teeth鹅goose→geese

老鼠mouse→mice男人man→men女人woman→women词尾加-ren/-en孩子child→children公牛ox→oxen特殊名词变化危机crisis→crises基础basis→bases

分析analysis→analyses数据datum→data

细菌bacterium→bacteria校友alumnus→alumni标准criterion→criteria现象phenomenon→phenomena(3)复合名词复数变化规则情况构成示例有中心名词有其他词位于中心名词前后修饰中心名词只有中心名词变复数讲故事的人storyteller→storytellers

旁观者bystander→bystanders总编辑editor-in-chief→editors-in-chief

路人passer-by→passers-byman/woman+中心名词men/women+中心名词复数形式男教师manteacher→menteachers女医生womandoctor→womendoctors无中心名词在最后一个词词尾加-s成年人grown-up→grownups

离家出走者runaway→runaways勿忘草forget-me-not→forget-me-nots(4)复数形式具有特殊意义的名词单数形式复数形式custom风俗customs海关good好处goods货物manner态度,方式manners礼貌spirit精神spirits情绪,心境water水waters水域2.表示名词的量的短语只能修饰可数名词复数的短语agood/greatmany...a(great/large)numberof...

scores/dozens/hundreds/thousands/millionsof...只能修饰不可数名词的短语agreatdealofabitofanamountof/amountsof既能修饰可数名词复数又能修饰不可数名词的短语plentyofalotof/lotsofavarietyof/varietiesof

aquantityof/quantitiesof3.名词所有格(1)形式形式基本用法示例名词末尾加-'s多用于表示有生命的人或动物child'splay轻而易举

Uncle

Tom's

Cabin《汤姆叔叔的小屋》介词of加名词多用于表示无生命的东西thetopofahouse房顶thetitleofthepassage该章节的题目(2)-'s所有格的构成情况构成示例单数名词/不以-s结尾的复数名词加-'sthemen'slavatory男厕所以-s结尾的复数名词加-'thestudents'readingroom学生阅览室复合词或名词短语在最后一个词后加-'sherbrother-in-law'scar她姐夫的汽车复合不定代词+else在else后加-'ssomebodyelse'spossessions别人的财产易混易错

Tom'sandJack'srooms=Tom'sroomandJack'sroom(Tom和Jack各自的房间)TomandJack'sroom(Tom和Jack共有的房间)知识拓展

双重所有格如果被修饰的名词是不确定的,表示其中的一个或几个,且其前有a(an)、some、

many、any、no等限定词,其后通常要用双重所有格形式,即of+名词所有格/名词性物

主代词。Somefriendsofmysister'swilljoinusinthegame.我姐姐的一些朋友将和我们一起玩游戏。4.常考的名词后缀后缀意义示例-age表示动作、结果或状态marriage婚姻shortage短缺

storage储藏表示处所、地点cottage村舍

orphanage孤儿院

passage走廊-al用于动词后,表示过程或状态arrival到达proposal建议

revival复苏-an,-ian来自……的人;擅于……的人Egyptian埃及人librarian图书管理员

physician医师-ance/ence,-ancy/ency表示性质或状态performance表演

expectancy预料

tendency趋势-ant表示人applicant申请人assistant助手

consultant顾问-ar/er/or表示人或物liar说谎者recorder录音机

visitor参观者-cy表示性质或状态accuracy精确privacy隐私后缀意义示例-dom表示状态、身份或领域freedom自由kingdom王国

wisdom智慧-ee表示受动者、与……有关的人employee雇员

refugee难民-ful表示“充满……的量”handful一把(的量)mouthful一满口(的量)-hood表示状态、性质或时期childhood儿童时代neighbourhood街区;临近的地方-ion,-sion/tion表示行为或状态expression表达accommodation住处

application申请-ism表示行为、结果或状态、品质criticism批评

heroism英勇表现

realism现实主义-ist表示从事某种职业或研究的人,某种主义者或信仰者novelist小说家socialist社会主义者specialist专家-ive表示(能)做某事的人或物detective侦探representative代表-ment表示行为或结果achievement成就commitment保证development发展后缀意义示例-ness表示状态、性质或结果awareness意识loneliness孤独-(i)ty,-ality/ility,-ability/ibility表示状态或行为anxiety焦虑

stability稳定性

responsibility责任-ship表示状态、性质、品质friendship友谊hardship艰苦

relationship关系表示地位、资格、职位championship冠军

leadership领导membership会员-th表示性质、动作或过程depth深度growth成长

strength力量-ure表示行为、过程或结果exposure暴露

mixture混合题组一1.Chineseartistsoftensaythattheartistsfirstneedtohaveathoroughanddeepunder-

standingofnatural_________(exist)beforedrawing.2.Alivingheritageisanendlessdialoguebetweenthepresentandthepast,andKunqu

Operaisa_______(carry)topassthatlegacyon.3.Thejawbonesofacanthothoracidshaveenough____________(similar)tomodernhuman

jaws.4.What'smore,itisatruereflectionofChinesepeoplealwaysplacing________(empha-

size)ondetails.emphasissimilaritiescarrierexistence考点针对练5.Madefromseeds,leavesandflowers,incensehasbeenusedasanenjoyable_______(pur-

sue)forscholars.6.Sinceitsopening,ShanghaiDisneyResorthassetmanyrecords,whichincludewelcomingmorethan11millionvisitorsinitsfirstyearofoperations,beatingmarket____________

(expect).7.Distinguishablecharacterqualitiesappropriateforshadowperformancesarepresented

throughthe________(adopt)ofrealisticandabstractapproaches.8.Astimeprogressed,JingCountyoilclothumbrellascarrynotonlypractical___________

(apply)butalsorichculturalsignificance.applicationadoptionexpectationspursuit9.LiuTiantai,aseniorengineerintheforestry____________(conserve)center,saidthatthe

cameracapturedthreephotosandonevideoofthepreciousanimal.10.Fortunately,withthe_________(include)ofFenshuioil-paperumbrellasasoneofChina'snationalintangibleculturalheritagesin2008,thingshavebeenimproving.11.Thisnotonlyaidsinthe____________(preserve)ofthedelicatedocumentsbutalsofaci-litatesresearchandeducationglobally.12.Platformsmustdevelopricherwaysforqualityplayerswhoneedmore________(ex-

pose)todisplaythemselvesandearnwhattheydeserve.13.In1986,shegottheCivilOrderofAlfonsoⅩtheWise,afamousSpanishcivilorder,exposurepreservationinclusionconservationforher____________(achieve)inDon

Quixote.14.Withthehistoricrevisionofgender________(equal)beingunderwayoverseas,Lin'slegendarystoryhasnowbecomeknowntogenerationsofyoungpeople.15.TemperaturesinAbuDhabicanclimbtoover50℃.Asaresult,airconditioningisa

_________(necessary)there,andpeopletendtospendalotoftimeindoors.16.Zhangaddedthatensuringthesafetyandstabilityofrobotaxisremainsatop________

(prior),andmoreeffortsarerequiredtoenhanceself-drivingtestingandapplication.prioritynecessityequalityachievements题组二17.Inmoretechnicalterms,the______(wise)ofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbe

independent.18.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmental_________

(aware),andhealthylifestyles.19.Whatwediscoveredisthatit'sunwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits__________(appear).20.Eachweek,____________(participate)willbeaskedtocompleteatopic-specificreflec-

tiontask.participantsappearanceawarenesswisdom21.Foraverylongmoment,thistiny________(create)lookedintomyeyes,turningherhead

fromsidetoside.22.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyan_______(anxious)thatcrippled(削弱)myabilityto

doanything.23.AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournal

of

Consumer

Research,boththesizeand

___________(consume)habitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.24.Inthecaseofthebamboo,itservesasanemblem(象征)ofmodestyandmental

________(strong).25.Itreflectedtheglobal___________(recognize)ofHongKongcinema,whichhasbeenanrecognitionstrengthconsumptionanxietycreatureimportantforceinthefilmworld.26.TheChinesefilmmarkethasexperiencedanoticeable________(recover)thisyear.27.Theculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceover

__________(century)ontheancientSilkRoad.28.Her________(propose)mightbeoneofthemosteffectivewaystohelpresolvetheproblem.29.Itvividlyillustratestheprocessofhistoricaldevelopment,whichistheultimategoalof

historicalresearchandarchaeological______________(explore).30.Afterthe__________(complete)oftheTianwenⅠmission,Chinawillalsoplanacompletionexploration(s)proposalcenturiesrecoverynumberofTianwenseriesofplanetaryexplorationmissionstoexplorethevastnessof

space.31.Createdin2010,ChineseLanguageDaywasdesignatedtocelebratemultilingualism

andcultural_________(diverse),andpromotetheequaluseofthesixofficiallanguageswith-

intheUnitedNations.32.Sheshowsusthroughheractionsthatregardlessofthecircumstances,aslongasyou

havedeterminationand____________(persevere),youcandefinitelyachievesuccess.33.ThroughtheAsianGames,Hangzhou'sgreenandhigh-techdevelopmentconcepts

servedasmodelsforothercitiesinChina,whichalsoshowedthecountry's_____________

(commit)tolow-carbonandinnovation-drivendevelopment.commitment(s)perseverancediversity题组三34.TheVillageBasketballAssociationhassparkedatrendoforganizingvillagebasketball

eventsacrossthecountry,reflectingthe__________(enthusiastic)oftheChinesepeoplefor

grassrootssports.35.Thisincreasesstability,butalsoadds___________(flexible)tothearchitecture,strongenoughtoresistearthquakes.36.Speciesaredisappearingataratemuchfasterthanthatmillionsofyearsago,withupto

onemillionspeciesontheedgeof__________(extinct).37.Thenaturally-flowingstrokes,aproductofhisoutstandingskillsandthe___________(in-inspirationextinctionflexibilityenthusiasmspire)ofthemomenthaveledthe“PrefacetothePoemsCollectedfromtheOrchidPavilion”toberegardedwidelyasthebestsemi-cursivecalligraphy(行书)workever.38.TheSiberiantigeristhelargestofalltigers.Anadultmalecangrowupto2.9metersin

______(long)andweighasmuchas300kilograms.39.Thetraditionaltea-makinginChinaisawholesysteminvolvingknowledge,skills,and

practicesaboutthe__________(manage)ofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,manual

processing,drinking,andsharingoftea.40.Leungwillplayascientistandworkwithatopfilm________(produce)toshowastory

acrossdifferentcountries.producermanagementlength41.Thesystem,usingdomesticsoftwareandhardware,supportsin-orbitsoftwarerecon-

struction,flexibledeploymentofcorenetworkfunctionsandautomatedmanagement,en-

hancingtheeffici