北京四级考试试题及答案

北京四级考试试题及答案一、写作（30分钟）题目：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopic“TheImportanceofReadingClassics”.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.参考范文：Inmodernsociety,withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnologyandtheprevalenceofvariousformsofentertainment,thestatusofreadingclassicsseemstobegraduallydeclining.However,thesignificanceofreadingclassicscannotbeoverstated.Classicsaretheessenceofhumanwisdomandcultureaccumulatedovercenturies.Theycoverawiderangeoffieldssuchasliterature,philosophy,history,andscience.Byreadingclassics,wecanhaveaprofoundunderstandingofdifferenterasandcultures.Forexample,whenweread“DreamoftheRedChamber”,wecanglimpsethecomplexsocialstructure,familyrelationships,andculturaltraditionsofancientChinesefeudalsociety.Moreover,classicscancultivateourmoralcharacterandvalues.Manyclassicworksconveypositivemessagessuchasjustice,kindness,andperseverance.Theycaninspireustobebetterpeopleandguideustomakecorrectdecisionsinlife.Forinstance,“TheAnalectsofConfucius”hasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesepeople'svaluesandbehavior,advocatingforbenevolence,propriety,andloyalty.Inaddition,readingclassicscanimproveourlanguageskills.Thelanguageinclassicsisoftenrefinedandelegant,richinvocabularyandrhetoricaldevices.Bystudyingtheseworks,wecanenhanceourwritingandspeakingabilities.Inconclusion,readingclassicsisofgreatimportance.Weshouldattachmoreimportancetoclassicsandmakereadingthemaregularpartofourlives.二、听力理解（25分钟）（一）短篇新闻（共7题，每题1分）NewsReport1AnewstudyhasfoundthatairpollutionmaybelinkedtoanincreasedriskofAlzheimer'sdisease.Researchersfromawell-knownuniversityanalyzeddatafromthousandsofpeopleoveraperiodofseveralyears.TheyfoundthatthoselivinginareaswithhighlevelsofairpollutionweremorelikelytodevelopAlzheimer'scomparedtothoseincleanerareas.Thestudyalsoshowedthatthetypeofpollutants,suchasfineparticulatematter,playedasignificantrole.Theseparticlescanenterthebloodstreamandpotentiallyaffectthebrain.Scientistsarenowcallingformoremeasurestoreduceairpollutiontoprotectpublichealth.Questions1-21.Whatisthenewfindingofthestudy?A.Airpollutionisrelatedtoheartdiseases.B.AirpollutionmayincreasetheriskofAlzheimer'sdisease.C.Airpollutionhasnoeffectonhumanhealth.D.Airpollutionismainlycausedbyvehicles.Answer:B2.Whatkindofpollutantsarementionedinthenews?A.Carbonmonoxide.B.Sulfurdioxide.C.Fineparticulatematter.D.Nitrogenoxides.Answer:CNewsReport2Amajorearthquakestruckacoastalcitylastnight.Theearthquake,withamagnitudeof6.5ontheRichterscale,causedwidespreaddamage.Manybuildingscollapsed,andseveralroadswereblocked.Rescueteamshavebeendispatchedtotheaffectedareas.Sofar,atleast10peoplehavebeenconfirmeddead,anddozensareinjured.Thelocalgovernmenthasdeclaredastateofemergencyandisworkinghardtoprovidereliefsuppliessuchasfood,water,andmedicalequipmenttothevictims.Theexactnumberofcasualtiesandtheextentofthedamagearestillbeingassessed.Questions3-43.Whathappenedlastnight?A.Afloodhitacoastalcity.B.Ahurricaneaffectedacoastalcity.C.Anearthquakestruckacoastalcity.D.Afirebrokeoutinacoastalcity.Answer:C4.Howmanypeoplehavebeenconfirmeddeadsofar?A.Atleast5.B.Atleast10.C.Atleast15.D.Atleast20.Answer:BNewsReport3Afamousfashionbrandhaslaunchedanewlineofsustainableclothing.Theclothingismadefromrecycledmaterialssuchasplasticbottlesandoldclothes.Thebrandaimstoreducetheenvironmentalimpactofthefashionindustry.Theyclaimthatthenewclothingnotonlylooksstylishbutalsohasgoodquality.Inaddition,thebrandispromotingtheideaofcircularfashion,whichencouragesconsumerstorecycleandreuseclothing.Thisinitiativehasreceivedpositivefeedbackfromenvironmentalistsandfashionenthusiastsalike.Questions5-75.Whathasthefamousfashionbrandlaunched?A.Anewlineofluxuryclothing.B.Anewlineofsustainableclothing.C.Anewlineofsportswear.D.Anewlineofchildren'sclothing.Answer:B6.Whatarethenewclothesmadefrom?A.Newly-producedfabrics.B.Recycledmaterialslikeplasticbottlesandoldclothes.C.Naturalfibersonly.D.Syntheticmaterials.Answer:B7.Whatisthebrandpromoting?A.Fastfashion.B.Circularfashion.C.High-endfashion.D.Ethnicfashion.Answer:B（二）长对话（共8题，每题1分）Conversation1M:Hi,Jane.Howwasyourweekend?W:Itwasgreat.IwenttoaconcertonSaturdaynight.M:Soundsinteresting.Whatkindofconcertwasit?W:Itwasaclassicalmusicconcert.Thereweresomeworld-famousmusiciansplaying.M:Thatmusthavebeenamazing.Whodidyougowith?W:Iwentwithmyroommate.Sheisalsoabigfanofclassicalmusic.M:Howmuchwerethetickets?W:Theywereabitexpensive,about$80each.Butitwasreallyworthit.M:Isee.Doyouoftengotoconcerts?W:Notveryoften.Maybeonceortwiceayear.Howaboutyou?Doyoulikeclassicalmusic?M:Well,I'mnotveryintoit.Ipreferpopmusic.Questions8-118.WhatdidJanedoonSaturdaynight?A.Shewenttoaparty.B.Shewenttoaconcert.C.Shewatchedamovie.D.Shestudiedathome.Answer:B9.Whatkindofconcertwasit?A.Apopmusicconcert.B.Arockmusicconcert.C.Aclassicalmusicconcert.D.Ajazzmusicconcert.Answer:C10.WhodidJanegototheconcertwith?A.Herfriend.B.Herboyfriend.C.Herroommate.D.Herclassmate.Answer:C11.Howmuchwaseachticket?A.About$50.B.About$60.C.About$70.D.About$80.Answer:DConversation2W:Hello,thisisthecustomerservice.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hi.Iboughtalaptopfromyourstorelastweek,andit'snotworkingproperly.W:I'msorrytohearthat.What'stheproblemwiththelaptop?M:Thescreenkeepsflickering,andsometimesitfreezes.W:Isee.Canyoubringthelaptopbacktoourstore?We'llhaveourtechnicianscheckit.M:DoIneedtomakeanappointment?W:No,youdon't.Justcomeduringourbusinesshours.We'reopenfrom9:00a.m.to6:00p.m.fromMondaytoSaturday.M:Okay.Andifyoucan'tfixit,whatwillyoudo?W:Ifwecan'tfixit,we'llofferyouareplacementorafullrefund.Questions12-1512.What'stheproblemwiththelaptop?A.Thebatterydoesn'twork.B.Thescreenkeepsflickeringanditsometimesfreezes.C.Thekeyboardisbroken.D.Thesoundisnotclear.Answer:B13.Whatdoesthecustomerservicerepresentativeaskthecustomertodo?A.Sendthelaptopbymail.B.Bringthelaptopbacktothestore.C.Waitforatechniciantocometohishome.D.Callagainlater.Answer:B14.Docustomersneedtomakeanappointmenttobringthelaptopback?A.Yes,theydo.B.No,theydon't.C.Itdependsonthesituation.D.Onlyonweekends.Answer:B15.Whatwillthestoredoiftheycan'tfixthelaptop?A.Keepthelaptopandgivethecustomersomemoney.B.Offerareplacementorafullrefund.C.Askthecustomertobuyanewoneatadiscount.D.Ignorethecustomer'srequest.Answer:B（三）听力篇章（共10题，每题1分）Passage1Inmanycountries,educationishighlyvalued.Agoodeducationisseenasthekeytoabetterfuture.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,studentsspendmanyyearsinschool.Theystartwithelementaryschool,whichusuallylastsfromkindergartentothe5thor6thgrade.Thentheymoveontomiddleschool,whichisfromthe6thor7thtothe8thor9thgrade.Afterthat,theyenterhighschool,whichlastsforfouryears.Highschoolstudentstakeavarietyofcourses,includingmath,science,English,andsocialstudies.Theyalsohavetheopportunitytoparticipateinextracurricularactivitiessuchassports,clubs,andvolunteerwork.Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,manystudentsgoontocollegeoruniversity.CollegeeducationintheUScanbequiteexpensive,butitisconsideredaworthyinvestment.Questions16-1816.IntheUnitedStates,whatisseenasthekeytoabetterfuture?A.Agoodjob.B.Alotofmoney.C.Agoodeducation.D.Ahappyfamily.Answer:C17.HowlongdoeselementaryschoolusuallylastintheUS?A.Fromkindergartentothe3rdgrade.B.Fromkindergartentothe5thor6thgrade.C.Fromthe1sttothe5thgrade.D.Fromthe1sttothe6thgrade.Answer:B18.WhatcanhighschoolstudentsintheUSdo?A.Onlyfocusontheirstudies.B.Onlyparticipateinsports.C.Takevariouscoursesandparticipateinextracurricularactivities.D.Onlystudymathandscience.Answer:CPassage2TheInternethaschangedthewayweliveandwork.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.Withjustafewclicks,wecanfindinformationonalmostanytopic.Forbusinesses,theInternethasopenedupnewmarkets.Theycanselltheirproductsandservicestocustomersallovertheworld.However,theInternetalsohassomenegativeaspects.Oneofthemainproblemsisonlineprivacy.ManypeopleareconcernedthattheirpersonalinformationmaybeleakedwhentheyusetheInternet.Anotherissueiscyber-bullying.Peoplecanbeharassedandbulliedonline,whichcanhaveaseriousimpactontheirmentalhealth.Questions19-2119.HowhastheInternetchangedourlives?A.Ithasmadeourlivesmoredifficult.B.Ithasmadeinformationmoreaccessible.C.Ithasreducedourcommunicationwithothers.D.Ithasincreasedourworkinghours.Answer:B20.WhatopportunityhastheInternetbroughttobusinesses?A.Ithasreducedtheircosts.B.Ithasopenedupnewmarkets.C.Ithasmadetheirproductscheaper.D.Ithasmadetheirmanagementeasier.Answer:B21.WhatarethenegativeaspectsoftheInternetmentionedinthepassage?A.Onlineprivacyandcyber-bullying.B.Slowspeedandhighcost.C.Lackofinformationandfalsenews.D.Difficultyinusingandmaintenance.Answer:APassage3Healthyeatingisveryimportantforourwell-being.Abalanceddietshouldincludeavarietyoffoodsfromdifferentfoodgroups.Fruitsandvegetablesarerichinvitaminsandminerals.Theyhelptokeepourimmunesystemstrong.Grains,suchasbread,rice,andpasta,provideuswithenergy.Proteins,whichcanbefoundinmeat,fish,eggs,andbeans,areessentialforbuildingandrepairingourbodytissues.Dairyproducts,likemilk,cheese,andyogurt,aregoodsourcesofcalcium.Weshouldalsolimitourintakeofsugarydrinksandprocessedfoods,astheyareoftenhighincaloriesandlowinnutrients.Questions22-2522.Whyishealthyeatingimportant?A.Itmakesuslookgood.B.Itisforlosingweight.C.Itisimportantforourwell-being.D.Itisforfollowingatrend.Answer:C23.Whatdofruitsandvegetablesprovide?A.Energy.B.Proteins.C.Vitaminsandminerals.D.Calcium.Answer:C24.Whataregoodsourcesofproteins?A.Fruitsandvegetables.B.Grains.C.Meat,fish,eggs,andbeans.D.Dairyproducts.Answer:C25.Whatshouldwelimitinourdiet?A.Fruitsandvegetables.B.Grains.C.Sugarydrinksandprocessedfoods.D.Dairyproducts.Answer:C三、阅读理解（40分钟）（一）词汇理解（共10题，每题0.5分）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasefillintheblankswiththecorrespondingletters.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theworldisfacingaseriousenvironmentalcrisis,andoneofthemain__26__isplasticpollution.Plasticiseverywhere,fromtheproductswebuytothepackagingtheycomein.Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplasticto__27__,whichmeansitstaysintheenvironmentforalongtime.Thishasledtomanyproblems,suchasharmingwildlifeandpollutingtheoceans.Toaddressthisissue,manycountriesaretaking__28__steps.Somearebanningsingle-useplastics,whileothersarepromotingtheuseof__29__materials.Forexample,insteadofusingplasticbags,peopleareencouragedtousereusableones.Inaddition,scientistsareworkingondevelopingnew__30__tobreakdownplasticmorequickly.Theyarealsolookingforwaysto__31__plasticwasteintousefulproducts.Thisprocessiscalledrecycling.However,recyclingaloneisnotenough.Weallneedtochangeour__32__andreduceourplasticconsumption.Onewaytodothisistobemore__33__whenweshop.Weshouldavoidbuyingproductswithexcessiveplasticpackaging.Anotherwayistosupportcompaniesthatare__34__toreducingplasticwaste.Byworkingtogether,wecanmakea__35__inprotectingourenvironment.A.solutionsB.decomposeC.significantD.sustainableE.convertingF.behaviorsG.challengesH.reasonsI.effortsJ.responsibleK.consciousL.differenceM.stepsN.replaceableO.strategiesAnswers:26.H27.B28.C29.D30.A31.E32.F33.K34.I35.L（二）长篇阅读（共10题，每题1分）Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.TheFutureofTransportationAThetransportationindustryisonthevergeofamajortransformation.Inthepast,mostofourtransportationwasbasedonfossil-fuel-poweredvehicles,suchascars,trucks,andairplanes.However,withtheincreasingconcernsaboutenvironmentalprotectionandthedepletionoffossilfuels,newformsoftransportationareemerging.BOneofthemostpromisingdevelopmentsistheriseofelectricvehicles(EVs).Electriccarsarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Theyarepoweredbyelectricity,whichisacleanerandmoresustainableenergysourcecomparedtogasoline.ManymajorcarmanufacturersareinvestingheavilyinthedevelopmentofEVs.Forexample,Teslahasbeenattheforefrontofthismovement,producinghigh-performanceelectriccarsthathavealongdrivingrange.CAnotherareaofinnovationisautonomousvehicles.Self-drivingcarsarenolongerathingofsciencefiction.CompanieslikeGoogle'sWaymoandUberaretestingautonomousvehiclesonpublicroads.Thesevehiclesuseadvancedsensorsandartificialintelligencetonavigatewithouthumanintervention.Autonomousvehicleshavethepotentialtoimproveroadsafety,reducetrafficcongestion,andincreasetransportationefficiency.DInadditiontocars,therearealsonewdevelopmentsinpublictransportation.High-speedtrainsarebecomingmorecommoninmanycountries.Thesetrainscantravelatspeedsofover300kilometersperhour,makinglong-distancetravelmuchfasterandmoreconvenient.Forexample,thebullettrainsinJapanandChinaarewell-knownfortheirspeedandreliability.ETheconceptofhyperloopisalsogainingattention.Ahyperloopisaproposedmodeoftransportationthatuseslow-pressuretubestotransportpodsatextremelyhighspeeds.Ithasthepotentialtorevolutionizelong-distancetravel,asitcouldreducetraveltimesbetweencitiessignificantly.Althoughthehyperloopisstillintheexperimentalstage,severalcompaniesareworkingonmakingitareality.FHowever,thetransitiontothesenewformsoftransportationisnotwithoutchallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesistheinfrastructure.Forelectricvehicles,thereneedstobeawidespreadnetworkofchargingstations.Forautonomousvehicles,theroadsneedtobeequippedwiththenecessarytechnologytosupporttheiroperation.Buildingandupgradingtheinfrastructurewillrequirealargeamountofinvestment.GAnotherchallengeistheregulatoryenvironment.Therearecurrentlyfewregulationsinplacefornewformsoftransportationsuchasautonomousvehiclesandhyperloops.Governmentsneedtodevelopappropriateregulationstoensurethesafetyandproperoperationofthesevehicles.HPublicacceptanceisalsoanimportantfactor.Manypeoplearestillskepticalaboutthesafetyandreliabilityofnewformsoftransportation.Forexample,somepeopleareworriedaboutthesafetyofself-drivingcars.Overcomingtheseconcernswillbecrucialforthewidespreadadoptionofthesenewtechnologies.IDespitethesechallenges,thefutureoftransportationlooksbright.Thedevelopmentofnewformsoftransportationhasthepotentialtomakeourlivesmoreconvenient,reduceourenvironmentalimpact,andimprovetheoverallqualityoflife.Astechnologycontinuestoadvance,wecanexpecttoseemoreexcitingchangesinthetransportationindustryinthecomingyears.Statements36.Electricvehiclesarepoweredbyacleanerandmoresustainableenergysourcecomparedtotraditionalgasoline-poweredcars.Answer:B37.High-speedtrainsarebecomingmorecommonandcanmakelong-distancetravelfasterandmoreconvenient.Answer:D38.Thetransitiontonewformsoftransportationfaceschallengessuchastheneedforinfrastructureinvestment.Answer:F39.Autonomousvehiclesuseadvancedsensorsandartificialintelligencetooperatewithouthumanintervention.Answer:C40.Thehyperloopisaproposedtransportationmodethatcouldsignificantlyreducelong-distancetraveltimes.Answer:E41.Manymajorcarmanufacturersareinvestinginthedevelopmentofelectricvehicles.Answer:B42.Governmentsneedtodevelopregulationsfornewformsoftransportationtoensuresafety.Answer:G43.Publicacceptanceisimportantforthewidespreadadoptionofnewtransportationtechnologies.Answer:H44.Thetransportationindustryisabouttoundergoamajortransformationduetoenvironmentalconcernsandfossil-fueldepletion.Answer:A45.Thefutureoftransportationispromising,withthepotentialtoimproveourlivesandtheenvironment.Answer:I（三）仔细阅读（共10题，每题2分）Passage1Inrecentyears,thegigeconomyhasbeengrowingrapidly.Thegigeconomyreferstoalabormarketcharacterizedbytheprevalenceofshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs.Thereareseveralreasonsforthegrowthofthegigeconomy.Onereasonistechnologicaladvancement.TheInternetanddigitalplatformshavemadeiteasierforpeopletofindgigwork.Forexample,platformslikeUberandAirbnbconnectserviceproviderswithcustomersdirectly.Thishascreatednewopportunitiesforpeopletoearnmoneyonaflexiblebasis.Anotherreasonisthechangingattitudeofworkers.Manypeople,especiallytheyoungergeneration,prefertheflexibilityandautonomythatgigworkoffers.Theycanchoosewhen,where,andhowmuchtheywork.Thisallowsthemtobalanceworkwithotheraspectsoftheirlives,suchasfamilyandpersonalinterests.However,thegigeconomyalsohasitsdrawbacks.Oneofthemainproblemsisthelackofjobsecurity.Gigworkersoftendonothavethesamebenefitsaspermanentemployees,suchashealthinsurance,paidleave,andretirementplans.Theyalsofacemoreuncertaintyintermsofincome,astheirworkmaybeinconsistent.Inaddition,thereareconcernsabouttheexploitationofgigworkers.Somecompaniesmaypaylowwagesandputexcessivedemandsongigworkers.Thishasledtocallsforbetterregulationofthegigeconomytoprotecttherightsofworkers.Questions46-5046.Whatisthegigeconomy?A.Alabormarketwithonlypermanentjobs.B.Alabormarketcharacterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelancework.C.Amarketforsellinggigs.D.Amarketforgig-relatedproducts.Answer:B47.Whatisoneofthereasonsforthegrowthofthegigeconomy?A.Thedecreaseinthenumberofpermanentjobs.B.Technologicaladvancement.C.Theincreaseinthecostofliving.D.Thechangeintheeconomicsystem.Answer:B48.Whydomanyyoungerpeopleprefergigwork?A.Becauseitpaysmore.B.Becauseitoffersflexibilityandautonomy.C.Becauseithasbetterjobsecurity.D.Becauseitiseasiertoget.Answer:B49.Whatisoneofthedrawbacksofthegigeconomy?A.Toomuchcompetition.B.Lackofjobsecurity.C.Difficultyinfindingcustomers.D.Hightaxes.Answer:B50.Whataretheconcernsaboutthegigeconomy?A.Thelowqualityofgigwork.B.Theexploitationofgigworkers.C.Thelackofinnovationinthegigeconomy.D.Thenegativeimpactontheenvironment.Answer:BPassage2Theimportanceofsleepcannotbeunderestimated.Sleepplaysacrucialroleinourphysicalandmentalhealth.Whenwesleep,ourbodyrepairsandrejuvenatesitself.Ithelpstostrengthenourimmunesystem,makinguslesssusceptibletodiseases.Intermsofmentalhealth,sleepisessentialforcognitivefunction.Itimprovesourmemory,concentration,anddecision-makingabilities.Lackofsleepcanleadtoproblemssuchasmoodswings,irritability,andevendepression.Despiteitsimportance,manypeopledonotgetenoughsleep.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Onereasonisthemodernlifestyle.Withtheincreasinguseofelectronicdevices,suchassmartphonesandlaptops,peopletendtostayuplateatnight.Thebluelightemittedbythesedevicescansuppresstheproductionofmelatonin,ahormonethatregulatessleep.Anotherreasoniswork-relatedstress.Manypeoplehavelongworkinghoursandhigh-pressurejobs.Thisleavesthemwithlittletimeforsleep.Inaddition,somejobs,suchasthoseinthehealthcareandtransportationsectors,requireworkerstoworknightshifts,whichcandisrupttheirsleeppatterns.Toimprovesleepquality,thereareseveralthingswecando.First,weshouldestablisharegularsleepschedule.