2026年经济专业英语词汇与阅读理解练习

2026年经济专业英语词汇与阅读理解练习Part1:Vocabulary(词汇填空)共5题，每题2分，总计10分1.Theglobalsemiconductorshortagehas_______significantimpactsontheautomotiveindustry,forcingmanufacturerstoreevaluatetheirsupplychainstrategies.A.imposedB.mitigatedC.prolongedD.diversified2.The_______tradepoliciesbetweentheU.S.andChinahaveledtoincreasedtariffsonimportedgoods,affectingconsumerpricesworldwide.A.protectionistB.liberalizedC.harmonizedD.unilateral3.TheEuropeanUnion’sGreenDealaimsto_______carbonemissionsby2050,requiringindustriestoadoptsustainablepractices.A.eliminateB.offsetC.regulateD.exacerbate4.Theriseofremoteworkhas_______thedemandforhigh-speedinternetservices,particularlyinurbanareas.A.dwindledB.surgedC.stabilizedD.declined5.TheWorldBank’slatestreporthighlightstheneedfor_______investmentinrenewableenergytocombatclimatechange.A.incrementalB.speculativeC.sustainableD.short-termPart2:ReadingComprehension(阅读理解)共4篇文章，每篇附3-4道选择题，每题2分，总计32分Article1:TheFutureofGlobalSupplyChains（阅读后回答问题1-3）TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedthefragilityofglobalsupplychains,promptingcompaniestoreassesstheirrelianceonjust-in-time(JIT)models.Manyindustriesnowadvocatefora"hybrid"approach,combiningJITefficiencywithstrategicstockpilingtomitigatedisruptions.Governments,particularlyinEastAsia,areinvestingheavilyinregionalmanufacturinghubstoreducedependenceonWesternsuppliers.Meanwhile,theU.S.ispushingfordomesticproductionofcriticalgoods,suchassemiconductors,throughpoliciesliketheCHIPSAct.However,theseeffortsfacechallenges,includinglaborshortagesandinfrastructurebottlenecks.Analystssuggestthatthenextdecadewillseeashifttowardmorelocalizedbutinterconnectedsupplynetworks,leveragingtechnologylikeblockchainforreal-timetracking.Questions:1.WhatisthemainreasoncompaniesaremovingawayfrompureJITmodels?A.RisinglaborcostsinAsia.B.Increaseddemandforluxurygoods.C.Pandemic-relateddisruptions.D.Technologicaladvancementsinlogistics.2.Whichregionisgovernmentsprioritizingforregionalmanufacturinghubs?A.NorthAmericaB.SouthAmericaC.EastAsiaD.Africa3.WhatchallengesdoU.S.domesticproductioneffortsface?A.Excessivegovernmentsubsidies.B.Laborshortagesandinfrastructureissues.C.Over-relianceonforeigntechnology.D.Lackofconsumerdemand.Article2:TheImpactofArtificialIntelligenceonLaborMarkets（阅读后回答问题4-6）Artificialintelligence(AI)isreshapinglabormarketsglobally,withsectorslikefinanceandhealthcareseeingthemostsignificanttransformations.WhileAIautomatesrepetitivetasks,italsocreatesnewhigh-skilledjobs,suchasAItrainersanddatascientists.However,criticsarguethatthetransitioncouldexacerbateincomeinequality,asworkersinlow-skillindustriesfacedisplacement.Inresponse,EuropeancountriesareimplementingretrainingprogramstohelpworkersadapttoAI-driveneconomies.TheU.S.andChina,meanwhile,arecompetingtoleadAIinnovation,withtechgiantslikeGoogleandBaiduinvestingbillionsinresearch.Despitetheseadvancements,manyeconomistswarnthatAImayreduceoverallemploymentinthelongtermunlesscomplementarypoliciesareintroduced.Questions:4.WhichsectorismostaffectedbyAIautomation?A.AgricultureB.FinanceC.EducationD.Retail5.WhatisapotentialnegativeconsequenceofAIadoption?A.Increasedproductivity.B.Higherlaborcosts.C.Incomeinequality.D.Betterworkingconditions.6.WhichcountriesareleadinginAIresearchanddevelopment?A.JapanandSouthKoreaB.GermanyandFranceC.TheU.S.andChinaD.IndiaandBrazilArticle3:TheEuropeanGreenDealandItsEconomicImplications（阅读后回答问题7-9）TheEuropeanGreenDeal,announcedin2019,aimstomaketheEUcarbon-neutralby2050,requiringradicalchangestoitseconomy.Keymeasuresincludephasingoutcoalpower,promotingelectricvehicles,andinvestingingreeninfrastructure.WhiletheinitiativehasgainedbipartisansupportinBrussels,criticsargueitcouldharmcompetitivenessbyincreasingenergycosts.Germany,amajorindustrialhub,isparticularlyconcernedaboutitsenergy-intensivemanufacturingsector.Incontrast,Scandinaviancountriesareleadingthetransition,leveragingtheirabundantrenewableresources.Thedealhasalsosparkeddebatesabouttrade-offsbetweenenvironmentalgoalsandeconomicgrowth,withsomeeconomistssuggestingaslower,moregradualapproach.Questions:7.WhatistheprimarygoaloftheEuropeanGreenDeal?A.Toreduceunemployment.B.Tocombatclimatechange.C.Toincreasetradebarriers.D.Toboosteconomicgrowth.8.WhichEuropeancountryismostconcernedabouttheGreenDeal’simpactonindustry?A.FranceB.GermanyC.ItalyD.Spain9.Whataresometrade-offsassociatedwiththeGreenDeal?A.Higherenergypricesvs.environmentalbenefits.B.Jobcreationvs.corporateprofits.C.Short-termgrowthvs.long-termsustainability.D.Alloftheabove.Article4:TheRiseofE-CommerceinEmergingMarkets（阅读后回答问题10-12）E-commerceisboominginemergingmarkets,withIndiaandSoutheastAsialeadingthetrend.Thegrowthisdrivenbyincreasinginternetpenetration,smartphoneadoption,andsupportivegovernmentpolicies.AlibabaandAmazonareinvestingheavilyintheseregions,buildinglogisticsnetworksandpartneringwithlocalbusinesses.However,challengesremain,suchasinfrastructuregapsanddigitalliteracyissues.InAfrica,mobilemoneyplatformslikeM-Pesaarefacilitatingonlinetransactions,eveninareaswithlimitedbankinginfrastructure.Despitethesehurdles,expertspredictthate-commercewillrevolutionizeretailintheseeconomies,creatingnewopportunitiesforsmallbusinessesandconsumersalike.Questions:10.Whichregionisexperiencingthefastestgrowthine-commerce?A.LatinAmericaB.EmergingmarketsC.NorthAmericaD.WesternEurope11.Whataresomekeychallengestoe-commerceexpansionintheseregions?A.Excessivecompetitionfromlocalretailers.B.Infrastructuregapsanddigitalliteracy.C.Hightaxesonimportedgoods.D.Lackofconsumertrustinonlinetransactions.12.Howaremobilemoneyplatformscontributingtoe-commerceinAfrica?A.Byrestrictingcashtransactions.B.Byprovidingfinancialservicestounbankedpopulations.C.Byincreasingshippingcosts.D.Byencouragingin-personshopping.AnswerKeyandExplanationsPart1:Vocabulary1.A.imposed(Thesentencediscussesthenegativeeffectsoftheshortageontheindustry.)2.A.protectionist(Tradepoliciesthatrestrictimportsareprotectionist.)3.A.eliminate(TheGreenDealaimstocompletelyreducecarbonemissions.)4.B.surged(Remoteworkincreaseddemandforinternetservices.)5.C.sustainable(Thereportemphasizeslong-terminvestmentinrenewables.)Part2:ReadingComprehensionArticle1:1.C.Pandemic-relateddisruptions(Thetextexplicitlymentionsthepandemicexposedsupplychainweaknesses.)2.C.EastAsia(Governmentsareinvestinginregionalmanufacturinghubsthere.)3.B.Laborshortagesandinfrastructureissues(TheU.S.facesthesechallengesindomesticproduction.)Article2:4.B.Finance(T