《东北草甸草原家畜混合放牧技术规程》征求意见稿编制说明

1东北草甸草原家畜混合放牧技术规程（征求意见稿）编制说明7号）要求“牧区要以实现草畜平衡为目标，优化畜群结构，控制放牧牲畜数量，草地放牧的管理方法与技术能够成为草地畜2表1标准起草组成员构成表姓名性别专业所在单位职称主要任务组长刘鞠善男生态学东北师范大学教授标准制定组员王德利男生态学东北师范大学教授标准制定朱慧女生态学东北师范大学教授试验数据分析张敏娜女草学东北师范大学副教授试验数据分析女草学东北师范大学教授标准制定孙伟男生态学东北师范大学教授标准制定唐士明男草学中国农业科学院草原研究所副研究员试验数据分析李西良男草学中国农业科学院草原研究所研究员相关资料收集孙世贤男草学中国农业科学院草原研究所副研究员相关资料收集男草学中国农业科学院草原研究所研究员标准制定潘多锋男草学黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所副研究员相关资料收集3中国草学会标准化领导小组组织于2025年6月18日召开团体标准评审会，并于标准起草小组人员认真学习《中国草学会团体标准制定程序》和GB／T1.1-2020《团体标准的结构和编写指南》等文件，对团体标准的格式、内容、术语20001.4-2015《标准编写规则第4部分试验方法标准》所规定的标准编写按照GB/T1.1-2009《标准化工作在技术内容上力求涵盖松嫩草地适宜载畜量45表2生长育肥牛和生长母牛日采食量体重（kg）采食量（kg）生长肥育牛生长母牛02.662.660.33.293.290.43.493.490.53.703.700.63.913.910.70.84.334.330.94.544.544.754.754.95-5.16-02.982.980.33.633.630.43.853.850.54.074.070.64.294.290.74.514.510.84.724.720.94.944.945.165.165.38-5.59-20003.303.300.33.983.980.44.214.2160.54.444.440.64.664.660.74.894.890.80.95.345.345.575.575.80-6.03-22503.603.600.34.314.310.44.554.550.54.784.780.65.025.020.75.265.260.85.495.490.95.735.735.965.966.20-6.44-25003.93.90.34.644.640.44.884.880.55.135.130.65.375.370.75.625.620.85.875.870.96.366.366.60-6.85-27504.194.190.34.964.960.45.215.210.55.475.470.65.725.720.75.985.980.86.236.230.96.496.496.746.747.00-7.25-730004.464.460.35.265.260.45.535.530.55.795.790.66.066.060.76.326.320.86.586.580.96.856.857.38-7.64-32504.754.750.35.575.570.45.845.840.50.66.396.390.76.666.660.86.946.940.97.217.217.497.497.76-8.03-35005.025.020.35.875.870.46.156.150.56.436.430.66.726.720.77.007.000.87.287.280.97.577.577.857.858.13-8.41-37505.285.280.36.166.160.46.456.450.56.746.740.67.037.030.77.327.320.87.627.620.97.917.9188.208.208.49-8.79-40005.555.550.36.456.450.46.766.760.57.067.060.67.367.360.77.667.660.87.967.960.98.268.268.568.568.87-9.17-42505.80-0.36.73-0.47.04-0.57.35-0.67.66-0.77.97-0.88.29-0.98.60-8.91-9.22-9.53-45006.066.060.37.027.020.47.347.340.57.667.650.67.987.970.78.308.290.88.628.610.98.948.939.269.259.58-9.90-47506.31-0.37.30-0.47.63-0.57.96-0.68.29-90.78.61-0.88.94-0.99.27-9.60-9.93--50006.566.560.37.587.570.47.917.910.58.258.250.68.598.580.78.938.920.89.279.260.99.619.609.949.93--表3妊娠母牛日采食量体重（kg）妊娠月份采食量（kg）30066.3276.4386.696.7735066.8676.9887.1597.3240067.3977.5187.6897.8445067.9078.0288.1998.3650068.4078.5288.6998.8655068.8979.0089.1799.34表4哺乳母牛日采食量体重（kg）标准乳产量（kg）采食量（kg）30004.4735.8246.2756.7267.1777.6288.0798.528.9735005.0236.3746.8257.2767.7278.1788.6299.079.5240005.5536.9047.3557.8068.2578.7089.1599.6045006.0637.4147.8658.3168.7679.2189.66950006.5637.9148.3658.8169.2679.718955007.0438.3948.8459.2969.74789表5成年母牛和种公牛日采食量成年母牛种公牛体重（kg）采食量（kg）体重（kg）采食量（kg）3505.025007.994005.556009.174506.067005006.568005507.049006007.526507.987008.447508.89--表6成年母牛每产1kg奶的日采食量乳脂率（%）采食量（kg）2.50.31~0.353.00.34~0.383.50.37~0.414.00.40~0.454.50.43~0.495.00.46~0.525.50.49~0.55表7母牛妊娠最后四个月日采食量体重（kg）妊娠月份采食量（kg）35065.7876.2887.2398.740066.376.8187.7699.2245066.8177.3288.2799.7350067.3177.8288.78955067.8078.3189.26960068.2778.7889.73965068.7479.258970069.2279.718975069.65789表8生长母牛和生长公牛日采食量体重（kg）采食量（kg）生长母牛生长公牛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表9生长肥育绵羊羔羊日采食量体重（kg）采食量（kg）40.10.20.360.10.130.20.130.30.1380.10.160.20.160.30.160.10.240.20.240.30.240.10.320.20.320.30.320.10.400.20.400.30.400.10.480.20.480.30.480.10.560.20.560.30.56200.10.640.20.640.30.64表10育成母绵羊日采食量体重（kg）采食量（kg）2500.80.030.80.060.80.090.83000.030.060.093500.030.060.094000.030.060.094500.030.060.095000.030.060.09表11育成公绵羊日采食量体重（kg）采食量（kg）200.050.90.100.90.15250.050.100.15300.050.100.15350.050.100.15400.050.100.15450.050.100.15500.050.100.15550.050.100.15600.050.100.15650.050.100.15700.050.100.15表12育肥绵羊日采食量体重（kg）采食量（kg）200.100.80.200.90.300.45250.100.90.200.300.45300.100.200.300.45350.100.200.300.45400.100.200.300.45450.100.200.300.45500.100.200.300.45表13妊娠母绵羊日采食量妊娠阶段采食量（kg）前期a4050602702.2后期b4045502552.1602.2652.3702.4后期c4045502552.1602.2652.3702.4前期a指妊娠期的第1个月至第3个月。前期b指母羊怀单羔妊娠期的第4个月至第5个月。前期c指母羊怀双羔妊娠期的第4个月至第5个月。表14泌乳母绵羊日采食量体重（kg）日泌乳量（kg）采食量（kg）400.22.000.42.000.62.000.82.002.002.002.002.002.00500.22.200.42.200.62.200.82.202.202.202.202.202.20600.22.400.42.400.62.400.82.402.402.402.402.402.40700.22.600.42.600.62.600.82.602.602.602.602.602.60适宜载畜量。该计算方法主要参照了NY/T635NY/T41292草地家畜最适采食强度测三、主要试验（或验证）的分析、综述报告，技术经济论证，预期的本技术规程主要起草单位东北师范大学自2000起开展放牧生态学研究，先后vegetationandsoilnitrogenbetweenpre-andpost-snowcoveronintensivegrazingla2.刘颖,王德利,王旭等.2001.不同放牧强度下羊草草地三3.王旭,王德利,刘颖等.2002.不同放牧率下绵羊的4.王旭,王德利,刘颖等.2002.羊草草地生长季放牧山羊采食量和5.刘颖,王德利,王旭等.206.刘颖,王德利,王旭等.2002.7.王德利,滕星,王涌鑫等.2003.放牧条件下人工草8.刘颖,王德利,韩士杰等.2004.放牧强9.滕星,王德利,程志茹等.2004.不同放牧强度下绵cornstalkdiets:Associateeffectsonintake,digestibilitylargeherbivoresingrasslanddependonplantspeciesdgainofewesisaffectedbyroughagemixesduringwinterinnorlivestockpromotesmultidiversityandmultifunctionalityinmanagedgrassland2.地方标准：王德利、刘鞠善、王岭.2018.天然、半天然草松嫩草地合理利用技术规程.2020.11.季牧场牦牛藏羊混合放牧技术规程.202嫩草地动态放牧率测算方法.2020.11志伟.2020.松嫩草地绵羊放牧-府从2000年开始，针对草原超载过牧、草地退化严重、草原畜牧业质量和效益低表14绵羊和牛对松嫩草地牧草的总采食量（单位：g/m2）绵羊牛