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第02讲新课学习必修第二册Unit5(课文学习&知识讲解)模块一思维导图串知识模块二基础知识全梳理模块三教材习题学解题模块四核心考点精准练模块五小试牛刀过关测Vocabulary
StudentswillgraspUNIT5'skeywordsandderivatives,andknowtheirusage.SentencePatterns
They'lllearnandusepatternslike"be+adj.+todo"and"make+obj.+comp."Grammar
Studentswillunderstandpastparticiplesaspred.&advbl.,anddifferences.CulturalAwareness
Learnerswillknowmusicculturesandrespectdiversity.核心词汇(1)composition词义与用法:“composition”主要有“成分;(音乐、艺术、诗歌的)作品;作文”的意思。例如:Thecompositionoftheatmosphereismainlynitrogenandoxygen.(大气的成分主要是氮气和氧气。);HeisreadingacompositionbyShakespeare.(他正在读莎士比亚的一部作品。);Ihavetowriteacompositionaboutmysummervacation.(我得写一篇关于我暑假的作文。)拓展词汇:“compose”,意为“作曲;撰写;组成;使镇静”。比如:Mozartcomposedmanywonderfulsymphonies.(莫扎特创作了许多美妙的交响曲。);Thecommitteeiscomposedoftenmembers.(委员会由十名成员组成。);Shecomposedherselfbeforegoingonstage.(上台前她使自己镇定下来。)“composer”则是“作曲家”。如:Beethovenisagreatcomposer.(贝多芬是一位伟大的作曲家。)(2)perform词义与用法:“perform”表示“表演;履行;执行;运转”。如:Theactorsperformedverywellonthestage.(演员们在舞台上表演得非常好。);Youmustperformyourdutiescarefully.(你必须认真履行你的职责。);Thenewmachineisperformingsmoothly.(这台新机器运转顺畅。)常见用法还有“performa(n)...rolein...”(在……中扮演……角色)。例如:Heperformedakeyroleintheproject.(他在这个项目中扮演了关键角色。);“performone’sduty”(履行某人的职责);“performanoperation”(做手术)。拓展词汇:“performance”,意思是“表演;演技;表现;性能”。例如:Herperformanceintheplaywasoutstanding.(她在剧中的表演非常出色。);Theperformanceofthecarisexcellent.(这辆车的性能很棒。)“performer”是“表演者;演员”。如:Heisafamousperformer.(他是一位著名的表演者。)(3)prove词义与用法:“prove”有“证明;展现”(作连系动词时意为“证明是”)的含义。例如:Thefactsprovehisinnocence.(事实证明他是无辜的。);Heprovedhimself(tobe)areliablefriend.(他证明自己是一个可靠的朋友。);Theexperimentprovedsuccessful.(实验证明是成功的。)常见用法还有“provesb.+adj.”(证明某人……),“Itis(generally)assumedthat...”(人们普遍认为……)。拓展词汇:“proof”,表示“证据;证明”。例如:Weneedmoreprooftosupportourtheory.(我们需要更多的证据来支持我们的理论。)(4)award词义与用法:“award”作动词是“授予”,作名词是“奖;奖品”。例如:Hewasawardedthefirstprizeforhisexcellentpainting.(他因其出色的绘画作品被授予一等奖。);常见用法有“win/receive/getanawardfor...”(因……而获奖)。如:Shewonanawardforheroutstandingperformance.(她因出色的表现而获奖。);“awardsb.sth.for...=awardsth.tosb.for...”(因……授予某人某物)。易混辨析:与“reward”“prize”易混。“reward”侧重对某人的报答、酬谢。如:Hereceivedarewardforhelpingtheoldman.(他因帮助老人而得到酬谢。)“prize”主要指比赛或竞赛中赢得的奖品、奖金。如:Shewonaprizeinthesingingcompetition.(她在歌唱比赛中获奖。)(5)relief词义与用法:“relief”意思是“(焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除;(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱”。例如:Tomyrelief,hefinallyarrivedontime.(令我宽慰的是,他终于按时到了。)常见用法还有“withrelief=inrelief”(宽慰地)。如:Shesmiledwithrelief.(她宽慰地笑了。)拓展词汇:“relieve”,意为“解除;减轻;缓解”。例如:Themedicinecanrelievethepain.(这种药可以缓解疼痛。)“relieved”是“感到宽慰的;放心的”。如:Iwasrelievedtohearthegoodnews.(听到这个好消息我感到宽慰。)(6)cure词义与用法:“cure”表示“治愈;治好(疾病);解决(问题)”(作名词是“药物;治疗;措施”)。例如:Thedoctorcuredhimofhisillness.(医生治好了他的病。);Weneedtofindacureforthisproblem.(我们需要找到解决这个问题的办法。)常见用法有“acurefor...”(……的治疗方法),“curesb.of...”(治愈某人的……)。易混辨析:易与“treat”混淆。“treat”强调治疗的过程。如:Thedoctoristreatinghispatient.(医生正在治疗他的病人。)而“cure”更侧重于结果,即治愈。(7)absorbedin词义与用法:“absorbedin”表示“被……吸引住;专心致志于……”。例如:Heisabsorbedinreadinganovel.(他专心致志地读一本小说。)拓展词汇:“absorbed”,意思是“投入的;全神贯注的”。例如:Shehasanabsorbedlookonherface.(她脸上带着专注的神情。)“absorb”有“吸收;吸引;使全神贯注;使并入”等多种用法。如:Plantsabsorbcarbondioxide.(植物吸收二氧化碳。);Thestoryabsorbedmecompletely.(这个故事完全吸引了我。)(8)aim词义与用法:“aim”作为名词是“目标;目的”,作为动词有“力求达到;力争做到;瞄准;目的是;旨在”的意思。例如:Myaimistobecomeadoctor.(我的目标是成为一名医生。);Heaimedatthetargetcarefully.(他仔细地瞄准目标。);Thecompanyaimstoincreaseitsmarketshare.(这家公司旨在提高其市场份额。)常见用法有“aimat/for...”(瞄准;力求达到),“aimtodosth.=aimatdoingsth.”(旨在做某事)。拓展词汇:“aimless”,表示“无方向的;无目标的;无计划的”。例如:Heledanaimlesslife.(他过着没有目标的生活。)“aimlessly”是“无目的地”。如:Hewalkedaimlesslyinthestreet.(他在街上无目的地走着。)(9)equipment词义与用法:“equipment”是“[U]设备;装备”。例如:Thefactoryhasalotofadvancedequipment.(这家工厂有很多先进的设备。)常见用法有“apieceofequipment”(一件设备),“office/teachingequipment”(办公/教学设备)。拓展词汇:“equip”,有“装备,配备;使有能力,使有所准备”等多种用法。例如:Thesoldierswereequippedwithnewweapons.(士兵们配备了新武器。);Educationequipsusforlife.(教育使我们为生活做好准备。)(10)assume词义与用法:“assume”意为“以为;假设;承担(责任);取得(权力)”。例如:Iassumeheisright.(我以为他是对的。);Heassumedtheleadershipoftheteam.(他承担了团队的领导工作。)常见用法有“assumesb./sth.tobe...”(假定某人/某物是……),“Itis(generally)assumedthat...”(人们普遍认为……)。拓展词汇:“assumption”,表示“假定;假设”。例如:Hisassumptionprovedwrong.(他的假设被证明是错误的。)“assuming”是“假定;假如”。如:Assumingitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.(假如明天下雨,我们就待在家里。)(11)inaddition(tosb./sth.)词义与用法:“inaddition(tosb./sth.)”意思是“除……以外(还)”。例如:InadditiontoEnglish,hecanspeakFrench.(除了英语,他还会说法语。)易混辨析:与“besides”“except”“exceptfor”“apartfrom/asidefrom”易混。“besides”表示“除……之外还有”。如:Besidesmath,Ilikephysics.(除了数学,我还喜欢物理。)“except”表示“除……之外(不包括)”。如:EveryoneexceptTomwenttotheparty.(除了汤姆,每个人都去了派对。)“exceptfor”用于修正说明。如:Thearticleisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.(这篇文章除了几个拼写错误外很好。)“apartfrom/asidefrom”兼具“besides”和“except”的用法。如:Apartfrom/Asidefromsomegrammarmistakes,yourcompositionisverygood.(除了一些语法错误,你的作文非常好。)拓展词汇:“addition”,意为“加法;增加物”。例如:Theadditionofmorestaffwillhelp.(增加更多的员工会有帮助。)“additional”是“附加的;额外的”。如:Weneedadditionalinformation.(我们需要额外的信息。)“additionally”表示“此外;另外”。如:Additionally,weshouldconsiderthecost.(此外,我们还应该考虑成本。)(12)getthrough词义与用法:“getthrough”有“(设法)处理;完成;熬过”的意思,还有“用完,耗尽;顺利通过(考试等);(用电话)接通,联系上”之意。例如:Ifinallygotthroughallmywork.(我终于完成了我所有的工作。);Wegotthroughthedifficulttimetogether.(我们一起熬过了困难时期。);Hegotthroughtheexameasily.(他轻松地通过了考试。);Ican'tgetthroughtohimonthephone.(我打电话联系不上他。)(13)satisfaction词义与用法:“satisfaction”表示“满足;满意;欣慰”。例如:Helookedathisworkwithsatisfaction.(他满意地看着自己的工作。)常见用法有“withsatisfaction”(满意地),“(much)toone’ssatisfaction”(令某人非常满意的是),“asenseofsatisfaction”(一种满足感)。拓展词汇:“satisfy”,有“使满意,使满足;满足(需求、需要等)”等多种词性及用法。例如:Themoviesatisfiedtheaudience.(这部电影让观众满意。);Thisfoodcansatisfyyourhunger.(这种食物可以满足你的饥饿感。)“satisfied”是“满意的;满足的”。如:I'msatisfiedwithmynewjob.(我对我的新工作很满意。)“satisfying”是“令人满意的;令人满足的”。如:Itwasasatisfyingresult.(这是一个令人满意的结果。)(14)various词义与用法:“various”意思是“各种不同的;各种各样的”。例如:Therearevariouskindsofflowersinthegarden.(花园里有各种各样的花。)拓展词汇:“vary”,有“变化;改变;相异;不同”多种变化形式。例如:Theweathervariesfromdaytoday.(天气每天都在变化。)“variety”表示“不同种类;多样化;变体”,常见用法有“avarietyof=varietiesof=various”(各种各样的)。如:Avarietyoffruitsareonsale.(各种各样的水果在出售。)(15)reaction词义与用法:“reaction”表示“反应;回应”。例如:Whatwashisreactiontothenews?(他对这个消息的反应是什么?)常见用法有“(the/one’s)reactionto...”(对……的反应),“inreactionto...”(作为对……的反应)。拓展词汇:“react”,有“作出反应;回应;起化学反应”多种搭配用法。例如:Hereactedquicklytotheemergency.(他对紧急情况反应迅速。);Thetwosubstancesreactwitheachother.(这两种物质相互起化学反应。)重要句型(一)结构1:“be+性质形容词+不定式”基本用法:在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中,不定式用主动形式表被动意义。常用于该结构的形容词有“easy,difficult,hard,pleasant,nice,interesting,exciting,dangerous,comfortable,fit,impossible”等。例如:Thebookiseasytoread.(这本书容易读。)这里的“toread”虽然形式是主动,但表达的是“书被读”的被动意义。因为句子的主语“thebook”实际上是不定式“toread”的逻辑宾语。结构拓展:当不定式中的动词是不及物动词时,要加上适当的介词。例如:Theroomiscomfortabletolivein.(这个房间住起来很舒服。)“live”是不及物动词,所以后面要加上“in”,“room”是“livein”的逻辑宾语。(二)结构2:“make+宾语+宾语补足语”基本用法:“makesb./sth.do...”,表示“使某人/某物做……”,这里的不定式要省略“to”。例如:TheteachermadethestudentsreadEnglishaloud.(老师让学生们大声朗读英语。)但在被动语态中,“to”要还原。如:ThestudentsweremadetoreadEnglishaloudbytheteacher.“makesb./sth.done”,表示“使某人/某物被……”。例如:Hemadehishaircut.(他让人剪了他的头发。)这里“hair”和“cut”是被动关系。“makesb.+形容词”,意为“使某人……”。例如:Thegoodnewsmadehimhappy.(这个好消息使他高兴。)“makesb.+名词”,表示“使某人成为……”。例如:Hisparentswanttomakehimadoctor.(他的父母想让他成为一名医生。)结构拓展:当“make”的宾语是不定式或从句时,要用形式宾语“it”。例如:Imakeitaruletogetupearly.(我把早起当作一个习惯。)这里“it”是形式宾语,真正的宾语是“togetupearly”。语法精讲1.过去分词作表语基本用法:过去分词作表语时,通常放在系动词(如“be,get,become,look,sound,feel,seem”等)后面,用来表示主语所处的状态或特点。例如:Theglassisbroken.(玻璃碎了。)这里“broken”描述了“glass”的状态。与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语强调的是主语的状态或特点,而被动语态强调的是动作。例如:Thedoorisclosed.(门是关着的。)这是表语,表示门的状态;Thedoorwasclosedbyhim.(门被他关上了。)这是被动语态,强调关门这个动作。与现在分词作表语的区别:现在分词作表语时,主语一般是表示事物的名词,现在分词用来描述事物的特征,意为“令人……的”;而过去分词作表语时,主语一般是表示人的名词,过去分词用来描述人的感受,意为“感到……的”。例如:Themovieisinteresting.(这部电影很有趣。)这里“interesting”是现在分词作表语,描述电影的特征;I'minterestedinthemovie.(我对这部电影感兴趣。)这里“interested”是过去分词作表语,描述人的感受。2.过去分词作状语基本用法:表时间:例如:Seenfromthetopofthehill,thevillagelooksverybeautiful.(从山顶上看,这个村庄看起来非常美丽。)“Seenfromthetopofthehill”表示时间,相当于“Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill”。表原因:例如:Tiredbythelongjourney,hesoonfellasleep.(由于长途旅行很累,他很快就睡着了。)“Tiredbythelongjourney”是原因状语。表条件:例如:Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.(如果给我们更多时间,我们可以做得更好。)“Givenmoretime”相当于“Ifweweregivenmoretime”。表让步:例如:Woundedashewas,hestillcontinuedtofight.(尽管他受伤了,他仍然继续战斗。)“Woundedashewas”表示让步。表伴随:例如:Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbyhisstudents.(老师走进教室,后面跟着他的学生。)“followedbyhisstudents”是伴随状语。注意事项:逻辑主语一致:过去分词作状语时,其逻辑主语要与句子的主语一致。例如:Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawabeautifulgarden.(我向窗外望去,看到了一个美丽的花园。)这里“Lookingoutofthewindow”的逻辑主语是“I”。源于系表结构的分词短语:有些过去分词已经转化为形容词,它们作状语时是源于系表结构。例如:Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.(他陷入沉思,没有听到铃声。)“Lostinthought”(2019人教版英语选择性必修二第41页)Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformofaverbfromthebox.Findthedifferencebetweenthe-edand-ingforms.seefrightenheadamazeboreexcitetiresatisfy1.Thegirlswere_______________toseesuchanopencountry.Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas_______________.2.Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe_______________.Doyoufeel_______________whengoingintothewildernessalone?3._______________fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating._______________thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolors.4._______________eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRocies.Finally,thecompany—_______________byitsnewmanager—startedtomakeaprofit.5.Webecame_______________whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexpectedtoexperiencealotof_______________thingsthere.6.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso_______________.Theeight-hourtrainridewasquite_______________!7.Iwasnot________________withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada_________________mealatthehotel’srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.8.Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywerereally_______________.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty_______________.核心考点1:perform1.单词拼写(2分)题目:根据所给中文及句子语境,写出单词的正确形式。
Thefamoussingerwillgivea______(表演)inourcitynextweek.
2.单项选择(2分)题目:Theactor______verywellinthemovieandwonmanyawards.
A.performB.performsC.performedD.performing
3.词性转换(2分)题目:The______(perform)ofthenewmachineisexcellent.Weareverysatisfiedwithit.
4.词义理解(2分)题目:“Thedoctorperformedanoperationonthepatient.”Whatdoestheword“performed”meaninthissentence?()
A.表演B.履行C.执行D.运转
5.词汇运用(2分)题目:用“perform”的适当形式填空,使句子完整通顺。
Thedancers______awonderfuldanceatthepartylastnight.核心考点2:cure1.单项选择(2分)题目:Thedoctortriedhisbestto______thepatientofhisillness.
A.cureB.treatC.healD.recover
2.语法判断(2分)题目:判断下列句子中“cure”的用法是否正确,正确填“T”,错误填“F”。
Thenewmedicinecancureforthecold.()
3.完成句子(2分)题目:Scientistsarestilllookingfora______(治愈方法)forcancer.
4.词组运用(2分)题目:用“curesb.of...”翻译句子“这位医生治好了他的头痛。”____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.词性拓展填空(2分)题目:The______(cure)rateofthisdiseaseisincreasing.核心考点3:aim1.单词拼写(2分)题目:根据所给中文及句子语境,写出单词的正确形式。
His______(目标)istobecomeafamousscientist.
2.单项选择(2分)题目:Weshould______atimprovingourEnglishskills.
A.aimB.lookC.callD.send
3.用法辨析(2分)题目:“aimtodosth.”issimilartowhichofthefollowing?()
A.plantodosth.B.hopetodosth.C.expecttodosth.D.alloftheabove
4.词汇拓展填空(2分)题目:Helivedan______(aimless)lifebeforehefoundhispassion.
5.句子翻译(2分)题目:用“aim”翻译句子“这家公司的目标是提供高质量的产品。”
____________________________________________________________________________________________核心考点4:satisfaction1.单项选择(2分)题目:Toour______,ourteamwonthegame.
A.satisfactionB.satisfyC.satisfiedD.satisfying
2.词性转换(2分)题目:Themoviewasvery______(satisfy).Wealllikedit.
3.完成句子(2分)题目:Helookedathisworkwithasenseof______(满意).
4.词义理解(2分)题目:“Thecustomerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththeservice.”Whatdoestheword“satisfaction”meaninthissentence?()
A.满足B.满意C.欣慰D.以上都是
5.词汇运用(2分)题目:用“satisfact”的适当形式填空,使句子完整通顺。
The______ofthecustomersisveryimportantforthecompany.核心考点5:reaction1.单词拼写(2分)题目:根据所给中文及句子语境,写出单词的正确形式。
Whatwashis______(反应)tothenews?
2.单项选择(2分)题目:Her______tothenewenvironmentwasverypositive.
A.reactB.reactionC.reactingD.reactor
选B。3.用法填空(2分)题目:Thestudents'______(react)totheteacher'squestionwasveryquick.
4.词义理解(2分)题目:“Thechemicalreactionproducedalotofheat.”Whatdoestheword“reaction”meaninthissentence?()
A.反应B.回应C.作用D.影响
5.词汇运用(2分)题目:用“react”的适当形式填空,使句子完整通顺。
The______oftheaudienceshowedthattheylikedtheperformance.核心考点6:“be+性质形容词+不定式”1.单项选择(2分)题目:Thequestionisveryeasy______.
A.answerB.toanswerC.answeringD.answered
2.完成句子(2分)题目:Thewaterinthepoolisnice______(swim)in.
3.语法判断(2分)题目:判断下列句子中“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构的用法是否正确,正确填“T”,错误填“F”。
Theboxisheavytocarryit.()
4.句子改写(2分)题目:Thesongispleasantwhenwelistentoit.(改写为“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构的句子)
不定式”结构,用主动形式表被动意义,“song”是“listento”的逻辑宾语。5.翻译句子(2分)题目:这座山很难爬。(用“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构翻译)
____________________________________________________________________________________________核心考点7:“make+宾语+宾语补足语”1.单项选择(2分)题目:Thebossmadetheworkers______for12hoursaday.
A.workB.toworkC.workedD.working
2.被动语态转换(2分)题目:Theteachermadethestudentscleantheclassroom.(改为被动语态)
____________________________________________________________________________________________3.完成句子(2分)题目:Themother______(make)herchildfeelsafe.
4.用法辨析(2分)题目:“makesb./sth.done”isdifferentfrom“makesb./sth.do”inthat______.()
A.它们有着相同的含义。
B.前者强调某人/某物正在做的动作,而后者强调针对某人/某物所做的动作。
C.前者强调针对某人/某物所做的动作,而后者强调某人/某物正在做的动作。
D.以上都不对。
5.句子翻译(2分)题目:他的父母想让他成为一名艺术家。(用“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构翻译)
____________________________________________________________________________________________核心考点8:过去分词作表语1.单项选择(2分)题目:Thewindowis__________.Weneedtorepairit.
A.brokenB.breakC.tobreakD.breaking
2.表语判断(2分)题目:判断下列句子中“broken”是作表语还是被动语态,在括号内填“表语”或“被动语态”。
Thevasewasbrokenbythenaughtyboy.()
3.完成句子(2分)题目:Thegirllooked______(worry)abouthertestresult.
4.词义理解(2分)题目:“Thestoryisexciting.”Inthissentence,“exciting”isapresentparticipleusedas______.()
A.anattributiveB.apredicativeC.anadverbialD.anobjectcomplement
5.句子改写(2分)题目:Themanseemstobetired.(改写为用过去分词作表语的句子)
____________________________________________________________________________________________核心考点9:过去分词作状语1.单项选择(2分)题目:______fromthespace,theearthlookslikeablueball.
A.SeeB.SeeingC.SeenD.Tosee
2.状语类型判断(2分)题目:“Surprisedatthenews,hedidn'tknowwhattosay.”Inthissentence,“Surprisedatthenews”isusedasa(n)______adverbial.()
A.timeB.causeC.conditionD.concession
3.完成句子(2分)题目:______(Give)moreattention,theplantscouldhavegrownbetter.
4.逻辑主语判断(2分)题目:“Walkinginthepark,aflowercaughtmyeye.”Thissentenceiswrongbecausethelogicalsubjectof“Walkinginthepark”isnotthesameasthesubjectofthesentence.Thecorrectsubjectof“Walkinginthepark”shouldbe______.()
A.anyoneB.aflowerC.theparkD.I
5.句子翻译(2分)题目:虽然受伤了,他还是完成了比赛。(用过去分词作状语翻译)
____________________________________________________________________________________________一、单句语法填空题1.Thefamoussinger's______(perform)lastnightwasreallyamazing.
2.Thedoctortriedtocurethepatient______hisseriousillness.
3.Thebookiseasy______(understand).
4.Theteachermadethestudents______(write)anEnglishcomposition.
5.Thewindowis______(break).Weneedtoreplaceit.
6.Theaimoftheprojectis______(provide)betterservicesforthecommunity.
7.Thenewsbroughtgreat______(satisfacted)tothewholefamily.
8.Thequestionisdifficult______(answer)withoutmoreinformation.
9.Thebossmadetheoffice______(clean)bythecleaners.
10.Themanlooked______(worry)abouthisfuture.
11.______(See)fromthetopofthehill,thelakelookslikeamirror.
12.Themovieisexciting______(watch).
13.Themothermadeherchild______(feel)safe.
14.______(Give)moretime,wecouldhavedonethejobbetter.
15.Thereactionoftheaudiencewasverypositive,whichshowedtheywere______(satisfy)withtheperformance.
二、阅读理解Musicisnotjustasetofsoundsandrhythms.Itsinfluenceonthebrainismuchdeeperthananyotherhumanexperience.Keeponreadingtoknowallthoseamazingpowersofmusic.Arecentstudysuggeststhatpreterm(早产的)babiesappeartoexperiencelesspainandfeedmorewhenlisteningtomusic.ExpertsledbyDrManojKumaroftheUniversityofAlberta,Canada,foundthatmusichadabeneficialeffectonreducingpainforpretermbabiesexperiencingpainfulmedicaltests.Italsoappearedtobenefitfull-termbabiesduringoperations.Manypeopleexperiencingbraindamagehavespeechandmovement-relatedproblems.Musiccanhelprecoverfrombraininjuries.Asadifferentandeffectivetreatment,doctorsoftenadvisesuchpatientstolistentogoodmusictoimprovethepartsofthebrainresponsibleforthesetwofunctions.Whenpeoplewithneurological(神经的)disordershearamusicalbeat,ithelpsthemtoregainabalancedwalk.Thoughmusiccannotmakedeafnessdisappear,itreallycanstaveoffthelossofhearing.Therewasanexperimentinvolving163peoplewhere74weremusicians.Participantswereaskedtopasssomelisteningtests.Musiciansheardthesoundsbetterthannon﹣musicians,andthisdifferencegetsclearerwithage.Thismeansthata70﹣year﹣oldmusicianhearsbetterthana50﹣year﹣oldnon﹣musician,eveninanoisyenvironment.Besides,musicmendsabrokenheart.Itisnotaboutathrown﹣awaylove,butaboutaheartattack.Thematteristhatmusiccanhelppeoplerecoverfromaheartattackorheartoperationbyreducingbloodpressure,slowingdowntheheartbeatrate,andreducinganxiety.Listeningtothequalitymusicproducespositiveemotions,improvesthemovementofblood,andexpandsbloodvessels,thus,promotingquickrecoveryofthewholecardiovascular(心血管的)system.1.Howdoesmusicaffectpretermbabies?A.Ithelpsreducetheirpain. B.Ithelpsdeveloptheirpotentialinmusic.C.Ithelpsimprovetheirhearingsystems. D.Ithelpsrepairtheirneurologicalsystems.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“staveoff”inParagraph4mean?A.Leadto. B.Increase. C.Prevent. D.Breakinto.3.Whycanmusicmendabrokenheart?A.Ithasapositiveeffectonhumanbodysystems’work.B.Itcanhelppeoplepreventdiseasescausedbyanxiety.C.Ithelpsmakeapersonfeeloptimisticaboutlife.D.Itcanhelppatientsrecoverinaslowway.4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhoCanBenefitfromMusic B.TheBestTimetoListentoMusicC.TheWaytoChooseQualityMusic D.HowMusicAffectsOurMindandBodyAdele’snewalbum,“30”,isfinallyavailable.Lastmonth,hundredsofmillionsofusstreameditsfirstsingle,“EasyOnMe”.Thissongarousesfeelingsnoteasilyputintowords,butwecanprobablyagreeitisasadsong.5Yetsadmusicdoespullusinandliftusup.Let’sstartwithabiologicaltheory.Whenweexperiencereal-lifeloss,orempathize(产生共鸣)withanother’spain,certainhormonesarereleasedwithinus.6Theydosobymakingusfeelcalmedandsupported.FeelingAdele’spain,orrecallingourown,maycausesuchchemicalchangeswithinus.7Feelingmovedcancomefromussuddenlyfeelingclosertootherpeople.Indeed,whenwehavelistenedto“30”,wemayturntoreactionvideostoseehowothersfeel.Thisletsusshareanemotionalexperiencewithothers.Anditboostsourfeelingofbeingmovedandtriggers(激发)feelingsofcomfortandbelonging.Wecanalsothinkatthespirituallevel.Adele’ssongsallowustoviewthepleasureintermsofthemeaningshehelpsusmake.Adeletakeshardlifeexperiencesandmakessenseofthem.Thisiswhatsadartdoes.8AsphilosopherFriedrichNietzscheonceputit,someonewhohasawhytoliveforcanbearalmostanyhow.Ultimately,welistentoAdele’ssongswhenwewanttorecall,reflect,orbelong.Theyletusfeelhersadness,shareoursuffering,andconnectwithothers.Toallofus,Adele’ssongssay:9A.Thesehelpustodealwithlossandpain.B.Youarenotaloneinyourpain.C.Lifeismeaninglesswithoutsadmusic.D.Thismaymakeusbetterpreparedforwhenreallossstrikes.E.Ittakesthepainandsufferingoftheworldandgivesitmeaning.F.Fewpeopleareawaresadmusicmakesusfeelgood.G.Psychologically,akeyreasonweenjoysadsongsisthattheyprofoundlymoveus.三、完形填空I’dneverbeentotheDayoftheDeadbefore.AsmydadandIlookedaroundforseats,I1Marco,mybestfriend,hurryingtowardus.“Hi,Mr.O’kane,”he2mydad.Thenheturnedtomeandsaid,“Nate!Willyouhelpme?”“Whateveryouneed,”Isaid.Marcothrewmepartsofa3:Mexicansandals(凉鞋),astrawhat,acane(手杖),agraywig,andan“oldman”mask(面具).“Mycousincouldn’t4!”Marco’svoicerangwithworry.“It’spartofatraditionaldance,”hesaid,“andweshouldwearthecostume.”“Youexpectmetodance?”I5.“Idon’twanttodance!”Marcosmiled.“It’llbefun.Andhurry!We’regoingtobe6.”“We’regoingtodoalotofstomping(跺脚).Slowatfirst.Keeponehand7onyourback,likeanoldmanwithanache,”addedMarco.Thespeakers8:“Ladiesandgentlemen,it’stimeforTheDanceoftheLittleOldMen!”“Bequick,”Marco9tometofollowhislead.Weallbeganstompingslowlytomusic.Icouldonlysee
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