初中英语动词时态专项练习

初中英语动词时态专项练习动词时态是英语语法的核心支柱之一，也是初中阶段英语学习的重点和难点。它赋予了句子精确的时间概念，使得我们能够清晰地表达过去、现在与将来的动作或状态。掌握好时态，不仅能让你的口语表达更流利自然，更能让你的书面写作准确生动。本文将带你梳理初中阶段核心的几种动词时态，并通过专项练习帮助你巩固提升，真正做到学以致用。一、核心时态梳理与回顾在进入练习之前，让我们先快速回顾一下初中阶段必须掌握的几种基本时态及其主要用法和构成，这将为你的练习打下坚实基础。1.一般现在时(SimplePresentTense)*基本构成：*主语+动词原形(第三人称单数作主语时，动词词尾加-s或-es)。*否定式/疑问式需借助助动词do/does。*时间标志词：often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday/week/month/year,never,seldom等。*例句：Shereadsbookseveryevening.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.一般过去时(SimplePastTense)*核心概念：表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动作已完成。*基本构成：主语+动词的过去式。*否定式/疑问式：需借助助动词did。*时间标志词：yesterday,lastweek/month/year,...ago,in2020,justnow,then等。*例句：Iwenttotheparkyesterday.Hedidn'tfinishhishomeworklastnight.3.一般将来时(SimpleFutureTense)*核心概念：表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，或计划、打算做某事。*基本构成：*will/shall+动词原形(shall多用于第一人称I/we)。*begoingto+动词原形(表示计划、打算或有迹象表明即将发生)。*时间标志词：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,soon,inthefuture,in+一段时间等。*例句：TheywillvisitthemuseumnextSunday.Itisgoingtorain(lookatthedarkclouds).4.现在进行时(PresentContinuousTense)*核心概念：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，或现阶段正在进行但说话时不一定正在进行的动作。*基本构成：主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词(V-ing)。*时间标志词：now,atthemoment,Look!,Listen!等。*例句：Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.IamstudyingFrenchthesedays.5.过去进行时(PastContinuousTense)*核心概念：表示过去某个特定时间点或时间段正在进行的动作。常与一般过去时连用，描述一个背景动作被另一个短动作打断。*基本构成：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词(V-ing)。*时间标志词：at8o'clocklastnight,thistimeyesterday,when+一般过去时句子等。*例句：IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang.Theywereplayingbasketballfrom3to5pmyesterday.6.现在完成时(PresentPerfectTense)*核心概念：表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或从过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。*基本构成：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(V-ed)。*时间标志词：already,yet,just,ever,never,since+过去时间点,for+时间段,recently,sofar等。*例句：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(对现在的影响：现在没事可做了)Wehavelivedhereforfiveyears.(持续到现在的状态)二、专项练习题第一部分：基础填空(用所给动词的适当形式填空)1.Myfatherusually_______(read)newspapersafterdinner.2.They_______(play)footballontheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.3.Look!Thechildren_______(fly)kiteshappilyinthepark.4.We_______(visit)ourgrandparentsnextweekend.5.She_______(notdo)herhomeworkyet.Sheisstillworkingonit.6.WhileTom_______(watch)TV,hisbrother_______(listen)tomusiclastnight.7.Theearth_______(go)aroundthesun.8.He_______(study)Englishforthreeyears.9.I_______(see)himinthelibraryanhourago.10.BythetimeIgothome,mymother_______(cook)dinner.(提示：过去完成时，初中阶段可作为拓展了解)第二部分：单项选择1.Heoften_______toschoolbybike,buttodayhe_______bybus.A.go,goB.goes,wentC.went,goesD.goes,goes2.—_______you_______thefilmbefore?—Yes,I_______itlastmonth.A.Have,seen,sawB.Did,see,sawC.Have,seen,haveseenD.Did,see,haveseen3.Listen!Who_______inthenextroom?A.singB.singsC.issingingD.sang4.I_______myhomeworkat8o'clocklastnight.A.doB.didC.wasdoingD.amdoing5.We_______apicnicifit_______finetomorrow.A.willhave,isB.have,willbeC.willhave,willbeD.have,is6.She_______heresince2018.A.livesB.livedC.haslivedD.willlive7.Mybrother_______toShanghaitwice.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.goes8.WhenIarrivedatthestation,thetrain_______already_______.A.has,leftB.had,leftC.left,hadD.was,leaving9.He_______inthisschoolfortenyearsbytheendofnextmonth.A.willworkB.worksC.hasworkedD.willhaveworked(提示：将来完成时，拓展了解)10.Mymother_______dinnerwhenI_______homeyesterday.A.cooked,gotB.wascooking,gotC.cooked,wasgettingD.wascooking,wasgetting第三部分：用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成短文LastSunday,myfamilyandI_______(decide)togoforapicnic.Theweather_______(be)perfect–sunnyandwarm.We_______(prepare)somesandwiches,fruits,anddrinksthenightbefore.Inthemorning,we_______(get)upearly.Myfather_______(drive)thecar,andwesoon_______(arrive)atabeautifullake.WhilemymotherandI_______(put)downtheblanket,myfatherandbrother_______(start)tosetupthetent.Afterlunch,we_______(go)forawalkaroundthelake.I_______(take)manyphotosofthelovelyflowersandtheclearwater.Suddenly,I_______(see)asmallbird.It_______(hurt)itswingandcouldn'tfly.We_______(take)ithomeand_______(look)afteritcarefully.Byevening,thebird_______(seem)better.We_______(feel)veryhappytohelpit.Althoughwe_______(be)alittletired,it_______(be)awonderfulday.I_______(neverforget)thisexperience.第四部分：句型转换(按要求改写句子)1.Tomusuallywalkstoschool.(改为一般疑问句)_______Tomusually_______toschool?2.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.(改为否定句)They______________basketballyesterday.3.Sheisreadingastorybooknow.(对划线部分提问)_______isshe_______now?4.Wehavelivedherefortenyears.(对划线部分提问)______________haveyoulivedhere?5.Hewillfinishtheworkintwohours.(改为否定句)He______________theworkintwohours.三、参考答案与解析第一部分：基础填空1.reads(usually提示一般现在时，主语第三人称单数)2.played(yesterdayafternoon提示一般过去时)3.areflying(Look!提示现在进行时)4.willvisit/aregoingtovisit(nextweekend提示一般将来时)5.hasn'tdone(yet提示现在完成时，否定式)6.waswatching,waslistening(while连接两个过去同时进行的动作，过去进行时)7.goes(客观真理，一般现在时)8.hasstudied(forthreeyears提示现在完成时)9.saw(anhourago提示一般过去时)10.hadcooked(bythetime+过去时，提示主句用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”)第二部分：单项选择1.B(第一空often提示一般现在时，第二空today但动作已发生，用一般过去时)2.A(第一句ever/before提示现在完成时，第二句lastmonth提示一般过去时)3.C(Listen!提示现在进行时)4.C(at8o'clocklastnight提示过去进行时)5.A(if引导条件状语从句，“主将从现”)6.C(since2018提示现在完成时)7.B(hasbeento表示“去过某地已回”，hasgoneto表示“去了某地未回”)8.B(bythetime+过去时，主句用过去完成时)9.D(bytheendofnextmonth提示将来完成时，初中阶段了解即可)10.B(when引导的时间状语从句，短动作一般过去时，长动作用过去进行时)第三部分：用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成短文LastSunday,myfamilyandIdecided(一般过去时，lastSunday提示)togoforapicnic.Theweatherwas(一般过去时)perfect–sunnyandwarm.Wehadprepared(过去完成时，“过去的过去”，前夜准备的)somesandwiches,fruits,anddrinksthenightbefore.(此处用prepared也可接受，强调过去的动作；用hadprepared更精确)Inthemorning,wegot(一般过去时)upearly.Myfatherdrove(一般过去时)thecar,andwesoonarrived(一般过去时)atabeautifullake.WhilemymotherandIwereputting(过去进行时，while引导)downtheblanket,myfatherandbrotherwerestarting(过去进行时，并列的过去进行时)tosetupthetent.Afterlunch,wewent(一般过去时)forawalkaroundthelake.Itook(一般过去时)manyphotosofthelovelyflowersandtheclearwater.Suddenly,Isaw(一般过去时)asmallbird.Ithadhurt(过去完成时，小鸟受伤发生在“看见”之前，即“过去的过去”)itswingandcouldn'tfly.(此处用hurt也可，强调当时的状态)Wetook(一般过去时)ithomeandlooked(一般过去时)afteritcarefully.Byevening,thebirdseemed(一般过去时)better.Wefelt(一般过去时)veryhappytohel