大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷24（共185题）

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷24（共9套）

（共185题）

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第1套

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

FuigclBiullici,CanYouSparcaDime?Thellicmcsungufthisicucssiunmightwellbe

"Mother,CanYouWriteaCheck?"Thedistressingeconomyhasresultedinincreasing

numbersofparentsandgrandparentshelpingouttheirstrappedadultchildrenand

grandkidswithhomedownpayments,crcdit-cardbailouts（紧急财政援助）,andspare

cash—oftenatthesametimeasparentsaretryingtoconfrontnewretirementbudgets.

"Wcarcseeingatonofthis,“saysRossLevin,anEdina,Minn.,financialadviser.

"Sometimesit'sagreatideaandsometimesitisnot.Youhavetomakesureyouputon

yourownoxygenmaskfirst.*'Some62percentofvisitorstoGhave

helpedtheirkidsfinanciallyinthepastyear,with70percentofthatgrouphandingover

cashtohelptheiradultchildrenandgrandchildrenwithdailyexpenses,saysthesite's

CEO,JerryShereshewsky.Anotherpopularcategoryishousing;inthelastyearmany

parentshavecoughedupdownpaymentstohelptheirkidsgetintohomeswhilethe

$8,000first-timehomebuyer'screditwasineffect.Thenthere*sthedebt-bailout

situation.AsurveyrecentlyconductedbyCreditcards,comforNewsweekfoundthat42

percentoffolkswithadultchildrenhavehelpedthempayoffcarloans,creditcards,

medicalbills,andmore.NoneofthisissurprisingtoShereshewsky,whoseesthetrendas

anaturalresultofchangingfamiliesandthedistributionofwealth."Thisiswhereallthe

moneyis-andit'swherethemoneyis,despitethefactthatwe'vehadthismeltdown.H

Ingeneral,thebaby-boomgenerationisfarwealthierthantheirchildrenare,andhasa

lowerunemploymentratethan20-somcthings.Hesaysthatthevastmajorityofmulti-

gcncrationhouseholdsnowinvolveadultchildrcn（andsometimestheirchildrcn）moving

inwithagingparents.Baby-boomparentsgenerallyaspiretohelpingtheirkidsandtheir

grandchildrenanddon'twanttowaituntiltheyaredeadtodoit."Youshouldgivewhile

you'reyoungenoughtoenjoythefruitsofwhatyou'redoing,HsaysShereshewsky,whois

personallyconsideringgettingareversemortgageonhishomewhenitcomestimeto

helphis20-sornethingkidswithhomepurchases.

1、Accordingtothepassage,peopleareregardedas"strapped"iftheyare.

A^joblessintherecession

B、infinancialdifficulties

C、dependentontheirparents

D、troubledbycreditcarddebt

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词汇题。短文第一段最后一句指出…increasingnumbersofparents

andgrandparentshelpingouttheirstrappedadultchildrenandgrandkids…父母帮助有困

难的成年子女，接着根据下文父母提供的具体帮助：homedownpayments,crcdit-

cardbailoutsandsparecash可知，strappedadult指的是在经济上有困难的人。故答

案选B。

2^RossLevinthinksthatsometimes,itisnotagreatideathat.

A、parentshaveconfrontednewretirementbudget

B、adultchildrendisregardparents,difficulties

C>adultchildrenspendmorethantheyearn

D、parentshelpouttheiradultchildren

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。由题干可定位至短文第二段第二句。联系上下文可判断出

it就是第一段内容：increasingnumbersofparentsandgrandparentshelpingout

theirstrappedadultchildrenandgrandkids.故选D。

3、Withthefirst-timehomebuyer'scredit,.

A、childrendidnothavetoturntoparentsforhelp

B、childrenfounditeasiertodealwithdownpayment

CNparentsstillhadtohelppayforthedownpayment

D、parentsfeltrelievedfromexpenseonhousing

标准答案：C:

知识点解析：细节题。短文第三段最后一句指出manyparentshavecoughedup

downpaymentstohelptheirkidsgetintohomeswhilethe$8.000first-timehome

buyer'screditwasineffect.即子女在获得8000美元的首次购房抵税额的同时.很

多父母仍然帮助他们付首付。由此可知，选项C正确。

4、Whatdoweknowaboutthepeopleofthebaby-boomgeneration?

A、Mostofthemprefertolivewiththeirchildren.

B、Mostofthembecomeparentsintheirtwenties.

C^Theyhaveahigheremploymentratethantheirkids.

D、Theyarewillingtotakecareoftheiragingparents.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。作者在倒数第二段中间指出thebaby-boomgenerationis

farwealthierthantheirchildrenare,andhasalowerunemploymentratethan20-

somethings即婴儿潮那一代的人比他们的孩子更有钱，失业率也比20多岁的人

低。故答案为C。

5、Shereshewskyismostlikelytoagreethat.

A、parentsshouldenjoytheirownlives

B、youngpeopleshouldhelptheirparents

C、youngpeopleshouldbeindependent

D、parentsshouldhelpouttheiradultkids

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。眼据文章最后一段Shereshewsky说的话''Youshouldgive

whileyou^eyoung…”及后面他帮助他孩子买房这件事可知，Shereshewsky认为父母

应该给子女提供帮助。故选D。

Whenyourfamilywantstobuyorreplaceacar,atelevision,orawashingmachine,you

findthemoneyeitherfromsavingsorbyborrowingfromthebank,ahire-purchase

companyorperhapsafriend.Similarly,afamilybuyingahouseforthefirsttime

commonlyborrowsfromabuildingsociely（住宅互助委员会）.Ifyouownaprivate

business,agarage,ashop,orafarm,youwillneed,fromtimetotime,tobuynew

equipment,newfurnishings,or,ifyouaredoingwell,newpremises（房屋）sothatyoucan

expand.Someofthecostyoucanmeetfromtheprofitsyouhavekeptinthebusiness,but

oftenyouwillneedhelp.Youwillgotoyourbank,toafinancehouse,orperhapstoa

relativeorfriendforfinanceprovidedfromhissavings.Whenyouborrowmoneyorraise

moneyinthiswayyoupayitbackoutoffutureprofits.Manylargebusinesses,however,

needcashfornewdevelopmentsorexpansionfarinexcessofwhatcanbeprovidedfrom

theirprofitsorfromprivatesourcesofcapital.Anewfactory,anoil-wellintheNorth

Sea,cancostmillionsofpoundstoconstructandbringintoproduction;anewdesignof

carorbrandofmedicinelikewisecancostmillionsofpoundstodesign,develop,testand

marketbeforeitreachesthestagewhereitearnsaprofit.Oftenthesecostscanbemet

fromprofitsearnedinotherpartsofthebusinessorfromreservesbuiltupfromprofits

earnedinpastyears.Sometimes,however,itisnecessary,andoftenitmaybemore

advantageous,toraisenewmoneyfromothersources.Therecanbelittleprospectof

raisingthesortofstunsneededbymajorbusinessesfromfriendsoracquaintances,and

generallythebanksarereluctanttoprovidesufficientcashonapermanentbasisforlong­

termprojects,thoughtheywillprovideshort-termfinance.Suchcompaniescan

sometimesonlyraisethemoneytheyneedtostayinthefrontofindustryanddevelop

newproductsandsourcesofproductionbyturningtothepublicatlargeandinvitingitto

lendthemcashortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.

Thistheycandobyofferingsharesinthebusinessorloancapitalthroughstock

exchange（证券交易所）.

6、Ifyouwanttobuyahouseforthefirsttime,whichofthefollowingcouldyoudo?

A、Borrowmoneyfromabuildingsociety.

B、Borrowmoneyfromabank.

C、Takemoneyfromyoursavings.

D、Askafriendtohelpyouout.

标准答案：A

知识点解析:细节题。短文第一段第二句指出Similarly,afamilybuyingahousefor

thcfirsttimecommonlyborrowsfromabuildingsociety.即一个家庭第一次买房一，般

是向房屋互助协会贷款。故答案为A。

7、Largebusinessesneedtoborrowhugeamountsofmoneybecause.

A、developingandproducinganewproducttakealongtime

B、theycannotmakeenoughprofits

C、developingandexpandingproductioncostalotofmoney

D、anewfactorycancostmillionsotpoundstoconstruct

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。短文第二段第一句指出Manylargebusinesses,however,

needcashfornewdevelopmentsorexpansionfarinexcessof…即大型企业借款的目的

是扩大发展。故选C。

8、Whichofthefollowinghasthesamemeaningwith"reserves"(Line7,Para.2)?

A^Savings.

B、Means.

C、Jewelry.

D、Content.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：词汇题。由题干可定位至第二段倒数第二句Oftenthesecostscanbe

metfromprofitsearnedinotherpartsofthebusinessorfromreservesbuiltupfrom

profitseamedinpastyears.联泰上下文并分析语义可知.reserves在此症的含义应

为“储蓄”。故选A。

9、Majorbusinessgetsmoneytopayforexpansionby.

A、borrowingfromfriends

borrowingfrombuildingsocieties

C、turningtobanks

D、sellingsharesofthecompany

标准答案：D

知识点解析:细节题。短文最后指出Thistheycandobyofferingsharesinthe

businessorloancapitalthroughslockexchange.即这些大公司可以发行股票来筹集资

金。故答案为D。

10、Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

A、smallcompaniescanonlygelfinancialhelpfiomthebank

thebankwon,tlendmoneytoindividuals

C>thebankispleasedtoprovidelong-termfinanceforthelargebusinesses

D、thebankcanprovideshort-termmoneyforthelargebusiness

标准答案：D「

知识点解析：推断题。艰据短文最后一段第一句中ihebanksarereluctantlo

providesufficientcashonapermanentbasisforlong-termprojects,thoughtheywill

provideshort-tcrmfinance可知银行会为大公司提供短期贷款，却不大情愿九公司的

长远规划提供长期的现金贷款。由此可知，选项D正确。

Nooneshouldbeforcedtowearauniformunderanycircumstance.Uniformsare

demandingtothehumanspiritandtotallyunnecessaryinademocraticsociety.Uniforms

telltheworldthatthepersonwhowearsonehasnovalueasanindividualbutonlylives

tofunctionasapartofawhole.Theindividualinauniformlosesallself-worth.There

arethosewhosaythatwearingauniformgivesapersonasenseofidentificationwitha

larger,moreimportantconcept.Whatcouldbemoreimportantthantheindividual

himself?Ifanorganizationissoweakthatitmustrelyonclothandbuttonstoinspireits

members,thatorganizationhasnorighttocontinueitsexistence.Otherssaythatthe

practiceofmakingpersonswearuniforms,sayinaschool,eliminatesallenvyand

competitioninthematterofdress,suchthatapoorpersonwhocannotaffordgood­

qualityclothingisnottobebelittledbyawealthypersonwhowearsexpensivequality

clothing.Thosepersonsconvenientlyignoresuchcriticalconceptsasfreedomofchoice,

motivation,andindividuality.Ifallpersonsweretowearthesameclothing,whywould

anyonestrivetobebetter?Itisonlyashortstepfromforcingeveryonetodrivethesame

car,havethesametypeoffoods.Whenthishappens,allincentivetoimproveone'slife

isremoved.Whywouldparentsbothertoworkhardsothattheirchildrencouldhavea

betterlifethantheyhadwhentheyknowthattheirchildrenaregoingtobeforcedtohave

exactlythesamelifethattheyhad?Uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.Rightnow,billions

ofdollarsarespentonthefashionindustryyearly.Thousandsofpersonsareemployedin

designing,creatingandmarketingdifferenttypesofclothing.Ifeveryonewereforcedto

wearuniforms,artisticpersonnelwouldbeunnecessary.Salespersonswouldbe

superfluousaswell;whybothertoselltheonlyitemsthatareavailable?Thewearingof

uniformswoulddestroythefashionindustry,whichinturnwouldhavearippleeffecton

suchindustriesasadvertisingandpromotion.Withoutadvertising,newspapers,

magazines,andtelevisionwouldnotbeabletoremaininbusiness.Oneentire

infoniialiuiiandeiilerlaiiiinenLindustrywouldcollapse.

11、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A、Wearinguniformshasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.

Wearinguniformsshouldbepromotedstrongly.

C、Wearinguniformswilldestroyeconomy.

D^Wearinguniformshasmanynegativeeffects.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨题。文章第一段就表明了短文大意。通读全文可以发现全篇说的

都是穿制服的缺点。故选项D正确。

12>Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonwearsauniform,hewilllosehis.

A、importance

B、meaning

C、sell-value

D、pride

标准答案：C

知识点解析:细节题。短文第一段最后指出Theindividualinauniformlosesallself-

worth.即穿制服就会丧失所有的自我价值。故选项C正确。

13、Intheauthor,sopinion,whichisthemostimportantthing?

A、Society.

BNIndividuality.

C、One'simage.

D、Dignity.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。作者在短文第二段第二句指出Whatcouldbemoreimportant

thantheindividualhimself?疑问句表达最高级，即人的自我个性individuality最重

要。故选B。

14>Theunderlinedword"incentive"inparagraph2inprobablymeans.

A^efforts

B、motivation

C、skills

D、attempts

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词汇题。联系上下文，可知其含义应指“动机”。故选项B正确。

15、Thewriter'sattitudeofthispassageisapparently

A、disapproved

B、positive

C>pessimistic

D^sarcastic

标准答案:A

知识点解析：态度题。纵观全文可看出作者一直都在批评制服。最后一段也是在列

举制服对经济造成的危害。故可知作者持反对态度，所以选项A正确。

Mosteconomistshategold.Not,youunderstand,thattheywouldturnuptheirnosesata

barortwo.ButtheyfindrhereverenceinwhichmanyholdthemetalalmostiiTational.

Modernmoneytakestheformofpaperor,moreoften,electronicdata.Toeconomists,

goldisnowjustanothercommodity.Sowhyisitspricesoaring?Overthepastweek,this

hastopped$450atroyounce,upby9%sincethebeginningoftheyearand77%since

April2001.Ah,comesthereply,goldtransactionsaredenominatedindollars,andthe

riseinthepricesimplyreflectsthedollar'sfallintermsofothercurrencies,especiallythe

euro.However,thereisnoironlink,asitwere,betweenthevalueofthedollarandthe

valueofgold.Arisingpriceofgold,likethatofanythingelse,canreflectanincreasein

demandaswellasadepreciationofitsunitofaccount.Thisiswheregoldbullscomein.

Thefallinthedollarisimportant,butmainlybecauseasastoreofvaluethedollarstinks.

Withafewlongishrallies,thegreenbackhasbeenonadownwardtrendsinceitcameoff

thegoldstandardin1971.Nowitissufferingoneofitssharperdeclines.Atthemargin,

extrademandhascomefromthosewhothinkdollars—indeedanymoneybackedby

nothingmorethanpromisestokeepinflationlow—adecidedlyriskyinvestment,mainly

becauseAmerica,withtheworld'sreservecurrency,hasbeenabletocreateandbonow

somanyofthem.Theleastpainfulwayofrepayingthosedollarsistomakethemworth

less.Thestrikingexceptiontothisextrademandcomesfromcentralbanks,whichwould

liketosellsomeofthegoldtheyalreadyhave.LastmenththeBankofFrancesaidit

wouldsell500tonnesincomingyears.Butbigsalesbycentralbankscancausetheprice

toplunge-aswhentheBankofEnglandsold395tonnesbetween1999and2002.The

resultwasanagreementbetweencentralbankstoco-ordinateandlimitfuturesales.Ifthe

priceofgoldmarcheshigher,thisagreementwillpresumablyberippedup,althougha

dollarcrisismightmakecentralbanksthinktwiceaboutswitchingintopapermoney.

Willtheoverhangofcentral-bankgolddragthepricedownagain?Notnecessarily.As

JamesGrantpointsout,inrecentyearsthehugeglutofgovernmentdebthasnotstopped

asharpriseinitsprice.

16、Ineconomists'eyes,goldissomething.

A、theylookdownupon

thatcanbeexchangedinthemarket

C、worthpeople'sreverence

D、thatshouldbereplacedbyotherformsofmoney

标准答案，R

知识点解析：推断题。短文第一段最后指出Toeconomisls,goldisnowjust

anothercommodity.即对经济学家来说，黄金只是另一种商品。故答案为B。

17、Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthereasonsfortherisingofgoldpriceis.

A、theincreasingdemandforgold

B、thedepreciationoftheeuro

C>thelinkbetweenthedollarandgold

D、theincrementofthevalueofthedollar

标准答案：A

知识点解析:细节题。作者在短文第二段最后一句提出Arisingpriceofgold,like

thatofanylhingelse,canreflectanincreaseindemandaswellasadepreciationofits

unitofaccount.即他认为，金价上涨有两个主要原因：对黄金需亲的增加；金价用

美元表示，而美元贬值了。故答案为A。

18、Wecaninferfromthethirdparagraphthat.

thedeclineofthedollarisinevitable

B、Americabenefitsfromthedepreciationofthedollar

C、thedepreciationofthedollarisgoodnewstoothercurrencies

D、investmentinthedollaryieldsmorereturnsthanthatingold

标准答案：B、

知识点解析：细节题。短文在第三段最后指出becauseAmerica...hasbeenableto

createandborrowsomanyofthem.Theleastpainfulwayofrepayingthosedollarsisto

makethemworthless即因为美国拥有世界储备货币，而且能够制造和借来很多美

元。要偿还这些美元，最不费力的方式就是让美元贬值。由此可见，美国因为美元

贬值获得了不少好处。故选B。

19>Thephrase"rippedup"（Line1,Para.5）mostprobablymeans.

A、strengthened

B、broadened

C、renegotiated

D、tomup

标准答案：D

知识点解析：词汇题。由题干可定位至第五段第一句Ifthepneeotgoldmarches

higher,thisagreementwillpresumablyberippedup...，联系上卜文并分析语义可

知，rippedup在此处应指“撕毁协议”。故答案为D。

20Accordingtothepassage,theriseofgoldprice.

A、willnotlastlong

willattractsomecentralbankstosellgold

C、willimpelcentralbankstoswitchintopapermoney

D、willleadtoadollarcrisis

标准答案：B

知识点解析:推断题。短文第四段指出…centralbanks,whichwouldliketosell

someofthegoldtheyalreadyhave…即在许多买家大量买入黄金的同时。许多央行却

打算将他们囤积的黄金出售；第五段开头指出Ifthepriceofgoldmarcheshigher,

thisagreementwillpresumablyberippedup...即如果金价继续上涨.各国央行之间的

“限制和协调未来黄金销售”的协议将会被打破。由比可知，金价的上涨会吸引各国

央行出售黄金。故选及

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第2套

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Ifyou'refindingittoughtolandajob,tryexpandingyourjob-huntingplantoincludethe

followingstrategies:Setyourtarget.Whileyoushouldalwayskeepyouroptionsopento

compromise,youshouldalsobesuretotargetexactlywhatyouwantinajob.Aspecific

jobhuntwillbemoreefficientthanarandomone.Scheduleabundantinterviews.Use

everypossiblemethodtogetinterviews——answeringads,usingsearchfirms,contacting

companiesdirectly,surfingtheWeb,andnetworking.Evenifajobisnotperfectforyou,

everyinterviewcanmakeyoulearnfromit.Followup.Evenifsomeonedoesnothire

you,writethemathank-younotefortheinterview.Then,someweekslater,sendanother

brieflettertoexplainthatyoustillhavenotfoundtheperfectpositionandthatyouwill

beavailabletointerviewagainiftheoriginalpositionyouappliedfor—oranyother

position,forthatmatter-isopen.Dothiswitheverypositionyouinterviewfor,andyou

mayjustcatchabreak.Makeityourfull-timejob.Youcan'tfindajobbylooking

infrequently.Youhavetomaketimeforit.Ifyou'reunemployedandlooking（orajob,

devoteasmuchtimeasyouwouldtoafull-timejob.Ifyouhaveajobwhileyou're

looking,figureoutanorganizedscheduletomaximizeyoursearchingtime.Network

vertically（纵向地）.Intheresearchphaseofyourjobhunt,talktopeoplewhoareona

levelaboveyouinyourdesiredindustry.They'llhavesomeinsightsthatpeopleatyour

ownlevelwon'thave,andwillbeinagoodpositiontohireyouorrecommendyoutobe

hired.Keepyourspiritsup.Lookingforajobisoneofthetoughestthingsyouwillever

havetodo.Maintainyourconfidence,staypersistent,andthinkpositively,andeventually

youwillgetajobthatsuitsyou.

1、Accordingtotheauthor,yourjob-huntingplanhadbetterbeasaspossible.

A、random

B、clear

C、fixed

D、complex

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。第2段第3句是一个表示对比的句子，表明了找工作应

该specific,而不应该random,由此可确定B是正确选项。本题较具干扰性的是选

项C,但是specific（明确的）并不表示找工作的计划应该fixed（不能改变），而且

fixed与第2句中的compromise（折中）表达的意思矛盾，因此选项C不正确。

2、The"searchfirms"aremostprobably.

A^companiesthathavevacantpostsavailable

B、companiesthatsupplywebsite-searchservice

C、companiesthatprovidejob-huntingservice

D^companiesthatstudyjobmarketandemploymentrate

标准答案：C

知识点词析：词义推断题。本题可用排除法通过对比得出正确答案。文中第3段第

2句列举了安排面试的方法，选项A其实与该句第三个方法中的companies所指--

致；选项B与句中最后两个方法重叠了：选项D根本不能表达search的意思；所

以只有C是正确的。

3、Whenhuntingajob,you'dbettercommunicatewithpeopleonalevelaboveyou

because.

A、theywillhireyousoon

B、theywillasksomeonetohireyou

C、youwillbenefitfromtheirfame

D^youcanlearnfromthem

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查复合句的理解。从倒数第2段第3句的定语从

句可见，和高一层次的人物交谈，主要是因为他们具有你所不具备的insights,由

此可推断出和他们交谈可以向他们学习，即选项D。选项A和B中因为有hire一

词，因此看起来与原文有相似之处，但是选项A和B中的will表示的语气过于绝

对，与原文中beinagoodposition（易于）不相符。

4、Asindicatedinthepassage,inordertogetasuitablejob,youshould.

A、alwayskeepanoptimisticspirit

B、mainlyfocusonafull-timejob

C、applytoronejobatonetime

D、followotherpeople'sfbotsteps

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。选项A是对文章末段第1句和最后一句中的

confidence,persistent和positively等说法的近义替换。最具干扰性的是选项B,该

选项与文中东5段"Mak?ityourfull-limejob.”在字面上很相近，但是该句的意思

并不是建议找一份全职的工作，而是说要把求职当作一份工作那样认真对待。

5、Whafsthebesttitlefbrthispassage?

A、InterviewStrategies.

B、InterviewCeremony.

C、Job-huntingExperience.

D^Job-huntingStrategies.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨大意题。文章开头第1句即点明全文中心——想找到理想的工

作，请尝试以下的策略；接着文中每一段分别指出了一条策略，每一条都用简洁的

祈使句句式表达，使读者对文章要点一目了然。本题最具干扰性的是选项A,文章

的前半部分都是与interview有关的，但是interview的策略也只是文章的部分内

容,而不能概括全文，因此A不正确°

Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirementbecauseonceyouareinside,the

organizationalconstraints（约束）influencewageincreases.Onething,however,is

certain:yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeservearelessifyoudon'tatleast

askforit.Mentendtoaskfbrmore,andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithother

resources,notjustpayincreases.ConsiderBeth'sstory:IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhen

Ididnotaskforit.Wehadcubicle（小隔间）officesandwindowoffices.Isatinthe

cubicleswithseveralmalecolleagues.Onebyonetheyweremovedintowindowoffices,

whileIremainedinthecubicles.Severalmaleswhowerehiredaftermealsowentto

offices.Oneinparticulartoldmehewasnextinlineforanofficeandthatithadbeen

partofhisnegotiationsforthejob.Iguesstheythoughtmecontenttostayinthecubicles

sinceIdidnotvoicemyopinioneitherway.Itwouldbeniceifweallreceivedautomatic

payincreasesequaltoourmerit,but"nice"isn'taqualityattributedtomost

organizations.Ifyoufeelyoudeserveasignificantraiseinpay,you'llprobablyhaveto

askforit.Performanceisyourbestbargainingchip（筹码）whenyouareseekingaraise.

Youmustbeabletodemonstratethatyoudeservearaise.Timingisalsoagood

bargainingchip.Ifyoucangiveyourbosssomethingheorsheneeds(anewclientora

sizablecontract,forexample)justbeforemeritpaydecisionsarebeingmade,youare

morelikelytogettheraiseyouwantUseinformationasabargainingchiptoo.Findout

whatyouareworthontheopenmarket.Whatwillsomeoneelsepayforyourservices?

Gointothenegotiationspreparedtoplaceyourchipsonthetableattheappropriatetime

andpreparedtousecommunicationstyletoguidethedirectionoftheinteraction.

6、Accordingtothepassage,beforetakingajob,apersonshould.

A、demonstratehiscapability

B、givehisbossagoodimpression

C、askfbrasmuchmoneyashecan

D、askforthesalaryhehopestoget

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据文章第1句。开头立论：“Itiseasiertonegotiate

initialsalaryrequirement在进入公司以前就谈妥你的最初工资要求要更容易些”。因

此，在接受一份工作前应该先提出期望薪金要求，即D。注意C中asmuch...ashe

can意思太绝对，不妥。

7、WhatcanbeinferredfromBeth'sstory?

A、Prejudiceagainstwomenstillexistsinsomeorganizations.

B、Ifpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskforit.

C、Peopleshouldnotbecontentwithwhattheyhavegot

D、Peopleshouldbecarefulwhennegotiatingforajob.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。Beth的故事是为了证明第1段提出的观点，主要依据

第2段第1句，第3段最后一句再次印证。核心词为askfor。

8、Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A、unfairnessexistsinsalaryincreases

B、mostpeoplearcoverworkedandunderpaid

C、oneshouldavoidoverstatingone'sperfbnnance

D、mostorganizationsgivetheirstaffautomaticpayraises

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。从Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求加薪或提

升，你可能就会得到满足；你如果不要求，老板就可能不予考虑。因此在salary

increase中含有很大的主观因素，故而unfair。直接依据为第3段第I句。

9、Togetapayraise,apersonshould.

A、advertisehimselfonthejobmarket

B、persuadehisbosstosignalong-termcontract

C、trytogetinsideinformationabouttheorganization

D、dosomethingtoimpresshisbossjustbeforemeritpaydecisions

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据倒数第3段，performance”工作表现"，timing“抓住

时机''和information“利用信息”是加薪的三大筹码。D与其中对timing的阐述一

致。

10、Tobesuccessfulinnegotiations,onemust.

A、meethisbossattheappropriatetime

B、arriveatthenegotiationtablepunctually

C、begoodatinlluencingtheoutcomeoftheinteraction

D、befamiliarwithwhatthebosslikesanddislikes

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。最后一段指出，带着准备好的筹码去跟老板商谈加薪，

并在合适的时候拿出来，而且要运用一定的交际手段引导谈判的发展方向，即C。

注意其中placeyourchipsonthetabicattheappropriatetime”在适当的时候拿出筹码”

不等于A中的meethisbossattheappropriatetime0

PresidentCoolidge'sstatement,"ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,"stillpointstoan

importanttruthtoday-thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestige（威望）inAmerican

societythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusiness

institutionspossessthisgreatprestige?OnereasonisthatAmericansviewbusinessas

beingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsinsociety.

Sincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymost

Americans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespectedCompetitionisnotonlygood

initself,itisthemeansbywhichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuchasindividual

freedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.Competitionprotectsthe

freedomoftheindividualbyensuringthatthereisnomonopoly（垄断）ofpower.In

contrasttoone,all-powerfulgovernment,manybusinessescompeteagainsteachother

forprofits.Theoretically,ifonebusinesstriestotakeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,it

willlosetocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremany

businessescompeteforthecustomers'dollar,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlike

inferiorsorslaves.Acontrastisoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,and

government,whichisamonopoly.Becausebusinessiscompetitive,manyAmericans

believethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernment

leadersarcelectedbythepeopleandbusinessleadersarcnot.ManyAmericansbelieve,

then,thatcompetitionisasimportant,orevenmoreimportant,thandemocracyin

preservingfreedom.Competitioninbusinessisalsobeievedtostrengthentheidealof

equalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoes

totheswiftestpersonregardlessofhisorhersocialclassbackground.Competitive

successiscommonlyseenastheAmericanalternativetosocialrankbasedonfamily

background.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityof

opponuniiyratherthanthearistocratic（贵族的）ideaofinheritedprivilege.

11Thestate