大学英语四级模拟试卷548

大学英语四级模拟试卷548

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicMy

HopeforWhatChinaWillbelikein2050.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowing

theoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:MyHopeforWhatChinaWillbelikein20501.对

中国2050年时总的看法;2.2050年的变化体现在哪些方面;3.这些变化带来的社会

价值。

标准答案：MyHopeforWhatChinaWillbelikein2050IoftenwonderwhatChina

willbelikein2050.Amongtheotherthings,whatismoresignificantformeliesinthe

following.Whatwcneedisnotabsolutelyhighproductivityandadvancedtechnology,

ratherareasonableGDPandmoreequalpercapita（每人）income.Insteadofprivatecars,

whynottodevelopamorewiseandefficientpublictransportationandcommunication

system?50yearslater,thereshouldbenomoreilliterateandoverhalfofthepopulation

shouldbeabletoreceivehighereducationwiththeotherhalfhighschoolgraduates.In

timemajoritywillbeabletorealizethebenefitoftherelationbetweenthesizeof

populationandsocialwell-being.Intime,husbandandwifewillbeableandeagerto

sharehouseworkandchildcareduties.Ithinkwhatissaidabovewillbemorevaluable

andworthwhileforustofightfor.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。）

Itwasamomentmostbusinessexecutiveswouldpausetosavor:latelastyear,Genran

sportinggoodspioneerAdidaslearnedthatafteryearsofdecliningmarketshare,the

companyhadsprintedpastU.S.ReebokInternationallotakesecondplacebehindNike

intheraceforworldwidesales.ButRobertLouis-Dreyfus,therumpledFrenchmanwho

nowrunsAdidas,didn'tevenstopforoneofhistrademarkHavanacigarsincelebration,

worriedthatthecompanywouldgrowcomplacent.Instead,heandagroupoffriends

boughtFrenchsoccerclubOlympiquedeMarseille"Nowthat'ssomethingIhave

dreamedaboutsinceIwasakid,'Louis-Dreyfussayswithanadolescentgrin.Asports

addictwhoclaimshehasn'tmissedattendingasoccerWorldCupfinalsincethe1970sor

theOlympicGamessince1968,the50-year-oldLouis-Dreyfusnowiseminentlywell

placedtoliveoutmanyofhisboyhoodfantasies.NotonlyhasheturnedAdidasintoa

globalcompanywithmarketcapitalizationof$4billion（heownsstockworth$250

million）,buthealsohasendorsementcontractswithahostofsportsheroesfromtennis

greatSteffiGraftotrack'sDonovanBailey,andconsidersitpartofthejobtowatchhis

starathletesperformonthefield,"Thereareveryfewchancesinlifetohavesuchfun/'

hesays.Withsalesinthefirstthreequartersof1996at$2.5billion,upablistering

30.7%over1995,it'shardtorecallthedismalshapeAdidaswasinwhenLouis-Dreyfus

tookoveraschairmaninApril1993.Foundedin1920byAdiDassler,theinventorofthe

firstshoesdesignedespeciallyforsports,thecompanyenjoyedanearmonopolyin

athleticshoesuntilanupstartcalledNikeappearedinthe1970sandrodetherunningfad

toriches.Bytheearly1990sAdidashadcomeunderthecontrolofFrenchbusinessman

BernardTapie,whowaslaterjailedforbribingthreeFrenchsoccerplayers.AIthough

thecompanytriedtospruceupitsstaidimagewithateamofAmericandesigners,Adidas

lostmorethan$100millionin1992,promptingtheFrenchbanksthathadacquired

controlofthecompanyfromTapictobeginadesperatesearchforanewowner.Louis-

Dreyfus,scionofaprominentFrenchtradingdynastywithanM.B.A.fromHarvard,

earnedareputationasadoctortosickcompaniesafterturningaroundLondon-based

marketresearchfirmIMS-afeatthatbroughthimmorethan$10millionwhenthe

companywaseventuallysold.HelaterservedaschairmanofSaatchi~Saatchi,thenthe

world'slargestadagency,whichcalledhiminwhenrapidgrowthsentprofitsintoa

tailspin.WithnoothercompanyorentrepreneurwillingtogambleonAdidas,Louis-

Dreyfusgotanincrediblebargainfromthebanks.,heandagroupoffriendsfromhis

daysatIMScontributedjust$10,000eachincashandsignedupfor$100millionin

loansfor15%ofthecompany,withanoptiontobuytheremainderatafixedprice18

monthslater.Thepoker-lovingLouis-Dreyfusknewhehadbeendealtawinninghand.

FollowingtheleadsetbyNikeinthe1970s,hemovedproductiontolow-wagefactories

inChina,IndonesiaandThailandandsoldAdidas'Europeanfactoriesforatokenone

Deutschemarkapiece.HehiredPeterMoore,aformerproductdesigneratNike,as

creativedirector,andsetupstudiosinGermanyfortheEuropeanmarketandinPortland,

Oregon,fortheU.S.Hethenriskedeverythingbydoublinghisadvertisingbudget."Wc

wentfromamanufacturingcompanytoamarketingcompany,"saysLouis-Dreyfus."It

didn'ttakeagenius-youjusthadtolookatwhatNikeandReebokweredoing.Itwas

easierforsomeonecomingfromtheoutside,withnobaggage,todoit,thanfor

somebodyfrominsidethecompany."Justasthetransitionwastakingplace,Adidashad

arunofgoodluck.Theficklefashiontrendsettersdecidedinearly1993thattheywanted

the"retrolook,"andthethree-stripesAdidaslogo,whichhadbeenovertakenbyNike

swoop,wassuddenlyhotagain.ModelssuchasCindyCrawfordandClaudiaSchiller

andascoreofrockidolssportedAdidasgearontelevision,infilmsandmusicvideos,

givingthecompanyafreepublicitybonanza.DemandforAdidasproductssoared."The

marketingatAdidasisvery,verygoodrightnow,"saysEugenioDiMaria,editorof

SportingGoodIntelligence,anindustrynewsletterperceivesAdidasasaveryyoung

brand.Thecompanyisparticularlystronginapparel,muchstrongerthanNikeand

Reebok.Although90%ofAdidasproductsforwearonthestreetinsteadofsportsfields,

Louis-DreyfusfeltthepreviousmanagementhadlostsightofAdidas'rootsasasporting

goodscompany.Afterall,AdiDasslerinventedthescrew-instudforthesoccershoeand

shodAmericanchampionJesseOwensinthe1936Olympics.Sohesoldofforfolded

othernon-corebrandsthatAdidashaddeveloped,includingLeCoqSportif,Arenaand

Pony.Europeisstillthecompany'slargestmarketbecauseAdidasdominatestheapparel

industryandthankstosoccer'smassivepopularitythere.Louis-Dreyfusisquicktoshare

creditfortheturnaroundwithasmallgroupoffriendswhoboughtthecompanywithhim

in1993.OneofthosefellowinvestorsisaformerIMScolleague,ChristianTourrcs,now

salesdirectoratAdidas."We'reprettycomplementarybecauseI'mabitofadreamer,so

it'sgoodtohavesomebodyknockingonyourheadtoremindyouthcrc*sabudget,nsays

Louis-Dreyfus.Commutingtothefirm'sheadquartersintheBavariantownof

HerzogenaurachfromhislakesidehouseoutsideZurich,Louis-Dreyfusalsotransfomied

AdidasfromastodgyGermancompanyintoabusinesswithaglobaloutlook.Appalled

onhisfirstdayatworkthatthechiefexecutivehadtosignasalesman'stravelvoucher

for$300,heslashedthecompany'sbureaucracy,adoptedAmericanaccountingrules

andbroughtininternationalmanagementtalent.Thecompany'schieffinancialofficeris

AustralianandtheinternationalmarketingmanagerisaSwede.Englishistheofficial

languageoftheheadofficeandnoGermansremainonthemanagingboardofthe

company,nowwhittleddowntojusthimselfandafewtrustedaides."Itwasclearwe

neededdecentralizationandfinancialcontrols,"recallsLouis-Dreyfus."WithGerman

accountingrules,IneverknewifIwasmakingmoneyorlosing.*'Inanotherbreakwith

thetraditionalGermanworkplace,Louis-Dreyfusmadecorporatelifealmostgratingly

informal:employeesostentatiouslycalledhim"Rowbear'*ashestridesdownthe

corridors,andbankersarestillamazedwhencounterpartsfromAdidasshowupfor

negotiationswearingsweatshirtsandsneakers."Hegivesyoualotoffreedom,says

MichaelMichalsky,a29-year-oldGermanwhoheadsthecompany'sappareldesign

team."Hehasneverinterferedwithadecisionandnevercomplained.He'sincredibly

easytoworkfor."Afterreducinglossesin1993,Adidasturnedaprofitin1994andhas

continuedtosurge:netincomeforthefirstthreequartersin1996wasarecord$214

million,up29%fromthepreviousyear.Louis-Dreyfusandhisfriendsmadevast

personalfortuneswhenthecompanywentpublicin1995.Theoriginalinvestorsstillown

26%ofthestock,whichsoldfor$46asharewhentradinghasdoubledto$90.The

challengeforLouis-Dreyfusistokeepsalesgrowinginanotoriouslytrend-driven

business.IncontrasttotheboomatAdidas,forexample,Reebokreporteda3%linein

salesinthethirdquarter.LastfallAdidasrolledoutanewlineofshoescalled"FeetYou

Wear"whicharesupposedtofitmorecomfortablythanconventionalsneakersby

matchingthenaturalcontourofthefoot.Thefirst500,000soldout.Adidasisanofficial

sponsoroftheWorldCup,tobeheldnextJuneinFrance,whichthecompanyhopesto

turntoamarketingbonanzathatwillbuildonthestrengthofsoccerworldwide.But

ReebokalsohasintroducedanewlinecalledDMXSeries2000andcompetitionis

expectedtobetoughcomespring.

2、Niketakesthefirstplaceintheraceforworldwidesportinggoodsales.

A、Y

B、N

C>NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章的首句提到“...thecompanyhadsprintedpastU.S,Reebok

InternationaltotakesecondplacebehindNike”，由此可知，本题答案为“Y”。

3、AdidaswasunderthecontrolofBernardTapiebefore19

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章的第三段提到，"Bytheearly1990sAdidashadcomeunderthe

controlofFrenchbusinessmanBernardTapie...,\很明显,本题答案为"N"。

4、ThepassageimpliedLouis-Dreyfushaddonealotofadvertising.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析:文章第五段中间提到''Hethenriskedeverythingbydoublinghis

advertisingbudget”,由此我们可知本题的答案为"Y"。

5、Adidastakestheshareofsportsgoodsmarketin199

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文中没有涉及此内容。

6、NikeisanofficialsponsoroftheWorldCup,heldinFrancein199

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章最后一段中间提到阿辿达斯是法国世界杯的法定赞助商，而没有

提到Nike.

7^Chinese'slabour,accordingtoLouis-Dreyfus,ishalfpriceasthatinEurope.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文中没有涉及此内容。

8、ForAdidas,1994isaturningpoint.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文中倒数第二段提到“Afterreducinglossesin1993,Adidasturneda

profitin1994..-,说明1994年对阿迪达斯来说是一个转折点，所以本题答案为

9、Accordingtothepassage,MichaelMichalskyis.

标准答案：istheheadofcompany'sappareldesignteam.

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、Louis-DreyfustransformedAdidasfromastodgyGermancompanyinto.

标准答案:abusinesswithaglobaloutlook.

知识点解析：暂无解析

11、TheheadofficeuseastheofficialLanguage.

标准答案：English

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Thedoctorwastoobusytoseehim.

B、Hedoesn'tneedtoseethedoctor.

CNThewomanshouldusetheointment.

D、Hisskinconditionhasgottenworse.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：“ointment”是指“药膏”。知道了这个词的意思，就不难理解M所说的

话。他说自己的皮肤病已经不是问题。因为他找到了一种很有效的药膏，可见，M

认为自己不用去看医生了。不过，即使不知道。intment的意思，只根据M的前半

句话it'snotaproblcmanymorc也可以大致猜出答案。

13、

A^Accepttheman'soffer.

Walkhome.

C、Givethemanaride.

D、Gofbrawalkwiththeman.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：M主动提出载W回家。W婉言谢绝了。理由一是她的公寓就在拐角

处，二是她需要新鲜空气。从这两个理由不难推测出W准备走路回家。

14、

A、Themanismistaken.

B、Theerrorwillbecorrected.

C、Shedidn'tknowabouttheproblem.

D、Gradesweresentlate.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这道题的关键在于掌握词组“straightenout”的意思是“改正”，之后问题

就迎刃而解了。

15、

A^ThursdaysandFridays.

TuesdaysandFridays.

C、WednesdaysandThursdays.

D、Tuesdays,Thursdays,andFridays.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W以为百货商店星期二至星期五都开到很晚，M告诉她说只有星期

四和星期五才是这样，因此正确答案是A。

16、

A、He'ssorryhegavethewomanthewrongdirections.

Hisfriendworksinthedean'soffice.

C>Hecan'tgivethewomandirections.

D、He'salsolookingfbrthedean'soffice.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这是一道关于问路的四级听力题，被问者的回答是解答问题的关键。

从M的道歉中不难判断他也不熟悉这里的路，无法给W指方向。

17、

A、Shewantstoeatchickensalad.

B、Thechickensaladisgone.

C>Shedroppedtheman'sfood.

D、She'Sbringthetunasalad.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从W的道歉中可以得知M点的是金枪鱼沙拉(tunasalad),不难推

测，W将把上错的鸡丁沙拉(chickcnsalad)换成金枪鱼沙拉，因此选D。

18、

A、Waitandseehowshefeelsin24hours.

B、Gohomeandtakehermedicine.

C、Returntothegrocerystoretopickupsomeaspirin.

D、Gotothenearbypharmacy.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：“pharmacy”是指“药店”。W问M有没有阿斯匹林，M回答说没有，

但是告诉她说，沿着这条街道下去有一家24小时营业的药店，不难看出，M的意

思是W可以去药店买到阿斯匹林，与之意思接近的只有选项Do

19、

A、Hedidn'twearawatch.

B、Hehadtroublegettingtotheplace.

C、Hedidn'twanttoleavetheplace.

D、Hehadnoideahowfaritwas.

标准答案：B

知识点解析："howharditistodosth.”意思是“做某事非常困难”，不难推断出M迟到

的原因是找到这个地方费了他很大的功夫，因此选B。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、She'sunabletoattendthestudysession.

B、Shehasseenadoctorrecently.

C、She'sconcernedaboutmedicalcare.

D、Shementionstheneedforsomemedicaltests.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A^Toimprovethestudyskillsofuniversitystudents.

B、Tosuggestchangesinthestudentgovernment.

C、Togivepeopletheopportunitytospeakwithapolitician.

D^Todiscussgraduationrequirementsforpoliticalsciencemajors.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A、Tellherwhattostudyforthehistorytest.

Writeafavorableletterofrecommendation.

C>Adviseherabouthowtorunanelectioncampaign.

D、Suggestatopicforaresearchpaper.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Tomakeanappointmenttolookatahouse.

B、Togetinformationaboutspecialhousing.

C、Toaskaboutgettingaloantobuyahouse.

D、Torenewhishousingcontract.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这是一段电话对话，一般来说，打电话的人会在一开始就阐明自己打

电话的目的。如果考生听懂了M在刚开始时所说的目的是要询问关于为研究生准

备的有资助的（subsidized）低成本住房，就不难选择出正确答案B了。选择A具有

一定的迷惑性，因为M与W确实在电话中做了预约，考生需要听懂他们预约是为

了使M获得详细的信息，而不是为了看房。

24、

A、Withhisgrandparents.

Instudenthousing.

C、Withhiswife'sparents.

D、Inhisownapartment.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这是一道细节题。在谈到申请住房者必须符合收入条件时，M提到

自己现在正与妻子的父母住在一起，因此这道题的正确答案是Co

25、

A^Hehasmorethanonechild.

B、Hiswifeisagraduatestudent.

C、Heisafull-timestudent.

D、Heworksattheuniversityhousingoffice.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：住房者需要满足的收入条件是：除非子女数目多于一个，否则夫妻双

方的收入总数必须少于1.5万美元。M的妻子仍然是研究生，自己也只是一个兼职

的助理研究员，因此他认为自己在这方面显然合格。在四个选项中，只有选项B

与上面提到的相符。

26、

A、Heearnslessthan$15,000ayear.

B、He'slookingfbrafull-timejob.

C、Hethinkshisrentistoohigh.

D、Heplanstogobacktograduateschool.

标准答案：A「「

知识点解析：这道题与上一道题可谓是一脉相承。M认为自己的经济状况符合住

房条件，他的妻子又没有工作，显然，M的年收入少于1.5万美元

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Childrenrearedunderaverageconditionspossessaverageintelligence.

B、Lackofopportunitypreventsthegrowthofintelligence.

C、AnindividuaPsintelligenceisdeterminedchieflybyhisenvironment.

D^Changesofenvironmentproducechangesinthebrainstructure.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A、85

B、100

C、40

D、125

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、Totesttheroleofenvironmentinthedevelopmentofintelligence.

B、Becausetheirparentsweretoopoortosupportthem.

C、Bemusetheirparentspassedaway.

D、Tofindouthowwelltwinsgrowinseparatehomes.

标准答案：c-

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A^Brainstructureandopportunity.

B、Birthandeducation.

C、Brainandintelligence.

D^Birthandenvironment.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A^Anautomobilecollision.

B、Anaircrash.

C^Thenoiseofacrowd.

D、Anexplosion.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、Topreventthelookers-onfromgettingnear.

B、Toprotecttheinjuredmen.

C、Toletthefireenginesandambulancespass.

D、Tocheektheleakinggaspipe.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

33、

A、In1959.

B、In1867.

C、In1896.

D、In1872.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Afoolishthing.

B、Seward'sFolly.

C、Johnson'sFolly.

D、President*sFoolishness.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

35、

A^Becauseitishardtofindnaturalresources.

B、Becauseitishopelesstofindnaturalresources.

C^Becauseitispoorinnaturalresources.

D、Becauseitisrichinnaturalresources.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

A、Tostudyitsimportanceinwar.

B、Tostudyitsvolcanoes.

C、Toenjoyitsfreezingweather.

D、Toenjoyitsbeautyofnature.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：智尢解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。）

Therewasatimewhen,ifaladygotontoa[Bl]busortrain,agentleman

wouldimmediatelystandupandofferhisseat.Nomore,though.Todayaman,will

[B2]lookoutofthewindow,orifhefeelsabit[B3],hidebehindhis

newspaper.Eitherway,thewomanwillhavetostanduntilsomeoneelsereacheshis

[B4].Youcan't[B5]blamemenforthischangeinmanners,though.

Thedaysaregonewhenwomencouldbe[B6]toastheweakersexwithout

causing[B7].Awholegenerationofwomenhasgrownupdemandingequality

withmen;notjustequalityinjobsoreducation,butinsocial[B8].Holdadoor

openforsomewomenandyou'relikelyiogetanangrylectureontreatingwomenas

inferiors,unabletoopendoorsforthemselves.[B9];thoughonsecondthought

perhapsthat'snotsuchabadidea.[BIO].Ontheotherhand,automaticmale

politenessisperhapsslowlybeingreplacedbytrueconsiderationfortheneedsand

feelingsofwomen,[Bl1].Maybethat,sworthstandinginthebusortrainfor.

37、[Bl]

标准答案：crowded

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：probably

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：guilty

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：destination

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：entirely

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：referred

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：olfence

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：attitudes

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Takeagirloutfbramealandshe'llprobablyinsistonpayinghershareof

thebill；

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：Ifsnowonder,then,thatmenhavegivenupsomeoftheautomatic

gesturersofpolitenessandconsiderationwhichtheyusedtoshowtowardswomen.

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案:sothatmencanseewomenasequalhumanbeings,ratherthanassex­

objectsorattractiveproperties.

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读(选词填空)(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

[。分。)

Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoeveryoneona

massbasisortofindthegiftedfewandtakethemasfarastheycango,ourtaskwouldbe

fairlysimple.Thepublicschoolsystem,however,hasnosuch[SI],fbrthetwo

jobsmustbecarriedonatthesametime.Becausewcdependso[S2]upon

scienceandtechnologyforourprogress,wemustproducespecialistsinmanyfields.

Becauseweliveina[S3]nation,whosecitizensmakethepoliciesforthe

nation,largenumbersofusmustbeeducatedtounderstand,tosupport,andwhen

necessary,to[S4]theworkofexperts.The[S5]schoolmusteducate

bothproducersandusersofscientificservices.Ineducationthereshouldalsobeagood

[S6]amongthebranchesofknowledgethatcontributetoeffectivethinkingand

wisejudgment.Suchbalanceisdefeatedbytoomuch[S7]onanyonefield.

Thisquestionofbalance[S8]notonlytherelationofthenaturalsciences,the

socialsciences,andtheartsbutalsorelativeemphasesamongthenaturalsciences

themselves.[S9],wemusthaveabalancebetweenthecurrentandclassical

knowledge.Theattentionofthepubliciscontinuallydrawntonewpossibilitiesin

scientificfieldsandthediscoveryofnew[S10];theseshouldnotbeallowedto

turnourattentionawayfromthesound,establishedmaterialsthatformthebasisof

coursesforbeginners.A)similarlyI)dcmocraticB)uniqueJ)balanceC)frequcntly

K)publicD)involvesL)explainE)heavilyM)muchF)equalityN)choiceG)knowledge

O)judgeH)emphasis

48、[SI]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：名词用法辨析。根据句法分析，我们可以确定这里缺少宾语，即：名

词。从意思上来看，第一句的意思为“如果我们决定进行大众化的教育，或者对只

是具有天赋的学生进行教育，那么我们的任务就简单了”；本句接着说“可是公立学

校没有这种选择，因为这两种工作必须同时进行。”据此，我们可以确定

[M]choice（选择）符合题意。

49、[S2]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：副词用法辨析。从句法来看，特别是根据语境中的副词so,我们可

以判断这里应该是状语；从意思上来看，应该是程度状语。因此，可以确定

[M]much为该题答案。

50、[S3]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：形容词用法辨析。句法知识告诉我们，这里缺少定语，即：形容词；

从意义上分析，下文的内容whosecitizensmakethepoliciesforthenation（公民制定

国家的政策）为该形容词的意思作了诠释，即：“民主的”。故，可以确定

[IIdemocratic符合要求。

51、[S4]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：动词用法辨析。句法上来看，这里缺少谓语，即：动词；再看意思，

该语境的意思为“largenumbersofusmustbeeducatedtounderstand,tosupport,and

whennecessary,to50theworkofexperts.”（我们中间大批的人必须接受教育，以

便理解、支持或者必要时“评价，判断''专家的意见]。据此，我们可以看出[Oljudge

符合语境的意思。

52、[S5]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：形容词用法辨析。从句法来看，该空内容应该是定语，即：形容词；

语境意思是：“什么样的”学校必须兼顾教育科学的生产者和科学的运用者。上文已

经告诉我们，句中所说的学校应该是“公立”学校。故，[K]public为该题答案。

53、[S6]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：名词用法辨析。句法知识告诉我们，这是一个therebe句型，句中缺

少主语，即：名词。再从意思上来分析，该句话意思为“各个学科知识之间也要有

兼顾和平衡此外，句中的逻辑词also,以及下一句开头的suchbalance（这种平

衡），均提示我们该词的意思为“平衡、兼顾据此，我们可以确定[J]balance为该

题答案。

54、[S7]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：名词用法辨析。句中缺少介词宾语，应该为名词。该语境的意思为

“这种平衡（指学科之间的平衡）被过分重视某一个领域而打破了。根据上述分析，

emphasis符合语境要求。故，[H]为该题答案。

55、[S8]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：动词用法辨析。该句缺少谓语动词，由于句子主语是单数，所以该谓

语动词应该是的形式。此外，语境的大概意思为“这种学科的平衡不仅涉及到

各种学科之间的平衡，而且还涉及到某一个学科本身内部的平衡”。据此，可以确

定该动词为involves。故，[DJ为该题答案。

56、[S9]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：副词的使用辨析。根据句法分析，这里应该是一个副词。副词出现在

句自大多为插入语。所谓插入语，无非表示说话人的态度，或者表示上下文的逻辑

关系。再从语篇来看，下面即将介绍的是另一种平衡，即：经典知识和最新知识的

平衡。为此，我们可以确定该插入语表示上下文的并列关系。据此，我们可以看出

[A]similarly符合要求。

57、[S10]

标准答案：G

知识点解析：名词用法辨析。这里缺少介词宾语，即：名词。从语境意思上来看，

discoveryof与knowledge构成一个有意义的表达方式。故，[G]符合题意。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Largeanimalsthatliveinthedeserthaveevolvedanumberofadaptationsforreducing

theeffectsofextremeheat.Oneadaptationistobelightincolor,andtoreflectrather

thanabsorbthesun'srays.Desertmammals（哺孚L动物）alsodepartfromthenormal

mammalianpracticeofmaintainingaconstantbodytemperature.Insteadoftryingto

keepdownthebodytemperaturedeepinsidethebody,whichwouldinvolvethe

expenditureofwaterandenergy,desertmammalsallowiheirtemperaturestorisetowhat

wouldnormallybefeverheight,andtemperaturesashighas46degreesCelsiushave

beenmeasuredinGrant'sgazelles（一种小羚羊）.Theoverheatedbodythencoolsdown

duringthecolddesertnightandindeedthetemperaturemayfallunusuallylowbydawn,

aslowas34degreesinthecamel.Thisisanadvantagesincetheheatofthefirstfew

hoursofdaylightisabsorbedinwarmingupthebodyandexcessivebuildupofheat

does.notbeginuntilwellintotheday.Anotherstrategyoflargedeserlanimalsisto

toleratethelossofbodywatertoapointthatwouldbefatalfornon-adaptedanimals.The

camelcanloseupto30percentofitsbodyweightaswaterwithnoharmtoitself,

whereashumanbeingsdieafterlosingonly12to13percentoftheirbodyweight.An

equallyimportantadaptationistheabilitytosupplythiswaterlossatonedrink.Desert

animalscandrinkgreatvolumesinashorttime,andcamelshavebeenknowntotakein

over100litersinafewminutes.Averydehydrated（脱水）person,ontheotherhand,can

notdrinkenoughwatertosupplywateratonesession,becausethehumanstomachisnot

sufficientbigandbecauseatoorapiddilution（稀释）ofthebodyfluidcausesdeathfrom

waterintoxication.Thetoleranceofwaterlossisofobviousadvantageinthedesert,as

animalsdon'thavetoremainnearawaterholebutcanobtainfoodfromgrazingsparse

andfar-flungnatures.Desert-adaptedmammalshavethefurtherabilitytofeednormally

whenextremelydehydrated:itisacommonexperienceinpeoplethatappetiteislosteven

underconditionsofmoderatethirst.

58、Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

A、Theevolutionofdesertanimals.

B、Theadvantagesofdesertanimals.

C、Adaptationsofdcsertanimals.

D、Temperatureandwaterindesertanimals.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题测试文章的中心思想。文章首句为主题句，下文举例说明，如

"Oneadaptationis...Anoiherstrategy［A］太宽，［B］和［D］局限于文中细节，只有

［C］符合题意。

59、Whyislightcoloringanadvantagetolargedesertanimals?

A、Ithelpsprotectthemfromotherdangerousanimals.

Itkeepsthemcoolduringtheday.

C、Itkeepsthemwarmbyreflectinglight.

D、Ithelpsthemmaintainaconstantbodytemperature.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题测试文章细节。见本文第一段第二句，“lightcolor”反射而不是吸

收阳光，它有助于沙漠动物白天降低体温。因此［B］是正确答案。

60>Theinternaltemperatureofalargedesertmammalislowest.

A、justbeforesunrise

B、justaftersunset

C、justafterdrinking

D、inthemiddleoftheday

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题测试文章细节。见第一段中间"thetemperaturemayfallunusually

lowbydawn,"意为”黎明时体温最低"，与［A］项选择（jusibeforesunrise）同义。

61、Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutdesert-adaptedmammals?

A、Theydon'tneedtocatmuchfood.

B、Theyneverlosetheirappetite.

C^Theycantravellongdistanceslookingforfood.

D^Theycancatlargequantitiesquickly.

标准答案：c

知识点露析：本题测试艰据上下文综合分析文章的隐含意思。从第二段，尤其是

“asanimalsdon'thaveto...butcanobtainfoodfrom...”一句推断其隐含意思为［C］。

|A］不符题意，过于绝对，|D］与文中提到的沙漠动物能很快补充大量水的含义

并不相同。

62、Whichofthefollowingisnottrueoflargedesertanimals?

A、Eatingwhiledehydrated.

B、Drinkingwaterquickly.

C、Beingactiveeveniftired.

D、Variationsinbodytemperatures.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题要求辨认文章的重要细节。本文谈到沙漠动物的［A］、［B］、|D］

三种优势，但并没有涉及［C）项内容。故，［C］符合题意。

Amanwhoknowsabitaboutcarpentry（木工术）willmakehistablemorequicklythan

themanwhodoesnot.Iftheinstructionsarenotveryclear,ortheshapeofapieceis

puzzlinghisexperiencehelpshimtoconcludethatitmustfitthere,orthatitsfunction

mustbethat.Inthesameway,thereader'ssenseandexperiencehelpshimtopredict

whatthewriterislikelyto,saynext;thathemustbegoingtosaythisratherthanthat.A

readerwhocanthinkalongwiththewriterinthiswaywillfindthetext.Thisskillisso

usefulthatyoumaywishtomakeyourstudentsawareofitsothattheycanuseitto

tackledifficulttexts.Itdoesseemtobethecasethataswereadwemakehypotheses（假

设）aboutwhatthewriterintendstosay;thesearcimmediatelymodifiedbywhathe

actuallydocssay,andarcreplacedbynewhypothesesaboutwhatwillfollow.Wchave

allhadtheexperienceofbelievingwewereunderstandingatextuntilsuddenlybrought

toahaltbysomewordorphrasethatwouldnotfitintothepatternandforce