2026年广东茂名市高三高考一模英语试卷试题（含答案详解）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页绝密★启用前2026年茂名市高三年级第一次综合测试英语试卷试卷共8页，卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWorldwide,solarandwindpowergenerationhasoutpacedelectricitydemandthisyear,andforthefirsttimeonrecord,renewableenergiesgeneratedmorepowerthancoal,accordingtoanewanalysisbytheenergythinktankEmber.Globalsolargenerationrosesharplybyarecord31%inthefirsthalfoftheyear,whilewindgrewby7.7%.Combined,theyaddedover400terawatthours,whichwasmorethanoverallglobaldemandincreasedinthesameperiod,itfound.Thesefindingssuggestthatmovingawayfrompollutingpowersourcesisachievable,evenaselectricitydemandincreasesdramaticallyglobally.Whiletotalfossil(化石)fuelgenerationsawaslightbutsignificantdrop,analystsviewthisasa“turningpoint”whereemissions(排放)mayleveloff.AkeydriverofthisglobalshiftisChina.Inthefirstsixmonthsoftheyear,Chinaaddedmoresolarandwindcapacitythantherestoftheworldcombined.Thismassiveinvestmentledtoa2%fallinitsfossilfuelgenerationandadecreaseinemissions.Indiaalsomirroredthissuccess,withrecordsolarandwindgrowthexceedingdemand,andadropinfossilfueluse.However,notallregionsshowedthesameprogress.IntheU.S.,demandgrowthoutpacedcleanpowergeneration,andintheE.U.,slowwindandhydropower(水力发电)contributedtohighercoalandgasuse.Despitetheseregionalchallenges,theoverallglobaltrend,stronglyinfluencedbythesignificantcontributionsofcountrieslikeChina,indicatesapromisingpathtowardsacleanerenergyfuture.1．Whydidtheauthorpresentthischart?A．Topredictfutureenergycosts. B．Topromotespecificenergypolicy.C．Tocompareenergyproductioncost. D．Toillustrateshiftingenergytrends.2．WhatroledidChinaplayintheglobalshift?A．Amajorinvestoranddriver. B．Auniquesolutionprovider.C．Aslowadopterwithchallenges. D．Acautiousobserverandfollower.3．Whatistheglobaltrenddespiteregionaldifferences?A．Fossilfuelswillsoonbeabandoned.B．Globalcooperationisurgentlyneeded.C．Thefutureofcleanerenergyisencouraging.D．Thepathtorenewableenergiesremainsuncertain.BNewauthorClaireJia(CJ)exploressocialcomparison,longingandcontentmentinhernovelWanting,andbringskeenobservations,personalexperiences,andapassiontoreaderswholongformore.Thefollowingisaninterviewofthisemergingwriter.Q:Yourbookexplorestheexperienceoflongingformoreinlife.Whatlongingsinyourownlifeinspiredthisbook?CJ:IalwayshavemanydesireslikemymaincharacterYe.Shestruggleswithquestionslike‘CouldIgoforthingsthatIdon’thave,andcouldlifebebetterifIhadthem?’Wantingraisesquestionsofwhatyoureallywantratherthanwhatsocietywantsyoutowant.ThisisaquestionIexploreinmyownlifeandIwanttoseizelittlethingsassymbolsoflonging.Q:Inthebook,Yestruggleswithjealousy(嫉妒)towardLuo,herchildhoodbestfriend.Howdoesjealousyimpacttheirfriendship?Haveyoueverpersonallyovercomejealousy?CJ:Jealousyisakeythemeinthebook.LuowhogoestoCaliforniaandcomesbackislivingthedreamYealwaysthoughtshewouldhave,butwasn’tabletomakeithappenforherself.It’slikesaltinthewound.AsatelevisionwriterinL.A.,Iamsurroundedbypeoplemoresuccessful,younger,andmorebeautiful.It’sveryeasytobejealous,andwedon’tseewhatothers’livesarereallylikeuntiltheyconfidetous.Q:DoYeandLuodiscovercontentmentorgratitude(感激)inWanting?CJ:Theyarelackinggratitude!Theirjourneyinthebookistodiscoverthat.Ithinktheycanbothbethankfulfortheirlives.Butthey’venotexamineddeepwaystorebuildtheirlives.Q:WhatdoyouhopereaderstakeawayfromWanting?CJ:Ijusthopethatreadersfeelseen.TheseedwasmyinterestinBeijing,myhome.Therearen’tmanywritersorbookssetinChinawrittenbyChineseAmericanwriters.Iwantedtoshowregularpeoplethatanxietiesandfeelingsofjealousyareuniversal,despitethedifferentbackgrounds.4．WhatcanweknowaboutYe,accordingtoClaireJia?A．Sheisfreefromjealousy. B．Sheislongingforfortune.C．Sheisambitiousformore. D．Sheiscontentwithherlife.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“confideto”mostprobablymean?A．Observecarefully. B．Criticizeopenly. C．Praisepublicly. D．Tellprivately.6．WhatmightbeClaireJia’sopinionaboutcontentmentinWanting?A．Itcomeseasilythroughcomparison.B．Itrequiresexplorationandappreciation.C．Itcanbefoundbyignoringthedifferences.D．Itshouldbepursuedthroughsocialsuccess.7．WhydidClaireJiawritethenovelWanting?A．Tobridgeculturalunderstanding. B．Toguidereadersonriskingtheirlives.C．Toexpresslongingsforherhometown. D．Toshowheruniqueculturalexperiences.C“Ioftenfeelinvisible,”Davidwrites.“Mycolleaguesdon’tlistentomyideas,andmyfriendstakemeforgranted.ButeverytimeIthinkaboutspeakingup,Istopmyself,afraiditwillonlyleadtoconflict.”Thisfeelingshowsastrugglesharedbymanypeople:thedesiretoberespected,combinedwithafearofupsettingothers.Attheheartofthisdilemmaliesthetruemeaningofassertiveness(自信坚定).Assertivenessistheabilitytoexpressone’sneedsandopinionsclearlywhilestillrespectingtherightsandfeelingsofothers.Yetmanypeoplemovetoofarintheoppositedirection.Insteadofstatingwhattheythink,theybecomepassive—apologizingfortheirviewsandhopingthatproblemsdisappear.Overtime,thissilencesendsadamagingmessage:theirideasdonotmatter.Amajorcauseofthispassivityistheconfusionbetweenassertivenessandaggression(攻击性).Aggressionisdrivenbycontrol.Itusesroughlanguage,rejectsmistakes,andpushespersonalgoalswithoutregardforothers’feelings.Fearingthathonestexpressionswillseemaggressive,peoplechoosesilence,oftenlosingrespectandbuildinganger.Psychologicalresearchsuggeststhatassertivenessiscloselylinkedtomentalwell-being.Opencommunicationcanreducestress,easeanxietyanddepression,andstrengthenrelationships.Forthisreason,assertivenesstraining—onceignored—hasreturnedtothefocusofpsychologistsandeducators.Suchtrainingusuallybeginsbyidentifyingunhelpfulbeliefs,suchas“IfIspeakup,Iwillruintherelationship,”or“Itissafertostayquiet.”Thesebeliefsarethenreplacedwithmorebalancedones,like“Icanexpressmyselfhonestlyandstillbeconsiderate.”Practiceplaysacentralrole.Besides,peoplemaykeepdiariestonotewhentheyavoidspeaking,practicecalmresponsesthroughrole-play,learntoadmitmistakes,askforothers’opinions,andholdtheirgroundwithoutanger.Intheend,assertivenessisneitheraboutdominatingconversationsnoraboutdisappearingfromthem.Itisaflexibleandrespectfulwayofcommunicatingthatprotectsbothself-respectandmutual(双方的)respect—anditisaskillthatanyonecandevelop.8．WhatcanbeinferredaboutDavidfromparagraph1?A．Heisunpopularamonghiscolleagues.B．Helackstheabilitytothinkcreatively.C．Heholdsbackhisviewstopreventtension.D．Hefeelsmisunderstoodbypeoplearoundhim.9．Whydosomepeoplechoosetoremainpassive?A．Toexercisecontroloverothers. B．Toavoidbeingseenasaggressive.C．Tohidetheirlackofconfidence. D．Tochallengetheirpersonalbeliefs.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutassertivenessfromparagraph4?A．Itisanewfieldofstudy. B．Itsupportsemotionalhealth.C．Itignoresone’struefeelings. D．Itaffectshonestcommunication.11．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Thehistoryofassertivenesstraining.B．Thevalueofkeepingpersonaldiaries.C．Practicalmethodsfordevelopingassertiveness.D．Commonmistakesindoingrole-playexercises.DThedawnchorusofbirdsonghasinspiredpoetsandnatureloversforthousandsofyears,butwhybirdsstartthedayremainsalastingmystery.Toexplorethis,SatoshiKojimaandhiscolleaguesattheKoreaBrainResearchInstitutestudiedlaboratory-raisedzebrafinches(草雀)undercarefullycontrolledconditions.First,theteampushedbackthetimeatwhichthefincheswereexposedtosuddenbrightlightto3hourslaterthantheactualdawn.Thebirdswereawakebutstayedsilentintheartificialdarkness,andwhenthelightseventuallydidcomeon,thebirdssangmoreintenselythanusual.Whenthelightscameonthreehoursearlierthantruedawn,thebirdsstillbrokeintoachorus,butwithoutthesameintensityaswhentheywereforcedtowait.Inotherwords,Kojimaexplains,thelongerthebreakbetweenwakingandthestartoflight,themoreintensethedawnchorusbecomes.Next,theyusedthedrugluzindole,whichblockstheeffectsofmelatonin(褪黑素),ahormone(荷尔蒙)releasedinthenight-timetoregulatewakefulnesscyclesinmanyanimals.Birdsthatweregiventhisdrugfivehoursbeforetheusuallights-ontimewokeupmuchearlierandbegansingingsooner.“Duetotheabsenceofsingingduringthenight,thesound-producingsystemandsongstructuremayslightlybecomeworse,andthedawnchorusservestoquicklyrestoreorperfectthem,”saysKojima.Whilethisstudyonlylookedatonespecies,similardriversmayapplytootherbirdspecies,hesays.ButDiegoGilattheNationalMuseumofNaturalSciencesinMadrid,Spain,issuesawarning.Thereare“numerousdifferencesbetweenspeciesinhow,whenandwhatbirdssinginthedawnchorus”,hesays.“Thisexplainswhymanydifferentassumptionshavebeenproposedtounderstandthephenomenon.”12．HowdidSatoshiKojimaandhiscolleaguesconducttheirfirststudy?A．Byadjustingthelightcycles. B．Byinterpretingthebirds’chorus.C．Bychangingthebirds’sleepingtime. D．Bycontrollingtheeffectsofmelatonin.13．Whatcanweinferaboutthedrugluzindole?A．Itregulatesanimals’wakefulnesscycles.B．Itaffectsbirds’wake-uptimeandsinging.C．Itshortensbirds’totalsleepingtimedaily.D．Ithasthesamebiologicaleffectsasmelatonin.14．WhatisDiegoGil’sattitudetowardsthefindingsofthestudy?A．Supportive. B．Negative. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．WhyBirdsBreakIntoSongAtdawn B．HowMelatoninChangesBirds’SleepC．HowArtificialLightChangesBirds’Song D．WhyDawnChorusDiffersAmongSpecies第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doweallseecolorsinexactlythesameway?16Althoughwecannevertrulystepinsideanotherperson’smind,researchsuggeststhatsubtle(细微的)differencesincolorperceptiondoexist.17Thewordsweusecanshapehowwenoticeandremembercolors.Forexample,experimentsshowthatpeoplearefasteratdistinguishingbetweentwoshadeswhentheirlanguageprovidesdistinctnamesforthem.Thisdoesnotmeanthatspeakersofdifferentlanguagesseeadifferentreality;allhumansperceivethesamespectrum(色谱)ofvisiblelight.However,namingconventionscaninfluencehowquicklywerecognizeacolororhowaccuratelywerecallitlater.Thereisalsoacommonbeliefthatwomenarebetterthanmenatdetectingdelicatecolordifferences.Isthereanytruthtothis?Somestudiesshowthatwomenperformslightlybetterincolor-namingandmemorytests.Yet,manyresearchersarguethatthesegapsareminor.18Whataboutcolorblindness?Itisoftenmisunderstoodas“losing”colors,butitisactuallymoreaboutcolorconfusion.19Forinstance,aripestrawberrymightappeargreentosome,buttheystillexperienceaworldfullofcolor.Formost,thismixingofshadesrarelyaffectstheirdailylife.Inshort,minordifferencesincolorperceptiondoexist,acrossindividuals,acrossculturesandevenacrossgenders.20Thesevariationsarenotgreatenoughtostopusfromenjoyingthesamecolorfulworldaroundus.A．Onesignificantfactorislanguage.B．Buthumancolorvisionislargelyshared.C．Whichlanguagehasthemostwordsforcolors?D．About1in12menand1in200womenarecolorblind.E．Redandgreenarethemostcommonshadestobemixedup.F．Theyaremorelikelylinkedtocultureandlearningthantogender.G．Thisquestionhasfascinatedphilosophers,scientists,andartistsforcenturies.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。InJune,11-year-oldJoJoZagerfromMacombCountyinMichigantookonahugechallenge.Thisyoungdeterminedofthecountylaunchedanambitiousyetincrediblecounty-widefooddrive,intendingto10,000poundsoffooditems—allinjust10days.Tolearnabouthowit,JoJostartedbycontactingthefoodbank.Next,hetonearbylibrariesandarrangedtosetupdonationdrop-offboxes.Hismom,Jennifer,helpedhiminformationonsocialmediatoattractmoreattention.Afteralocalnewspaperastoryaboutthedrive,donationboxesstartedfillingupwithfoods,suchascereal(谷类食物)andcannedsoupandfish.JoJoandhismomdidpickupseveryotherday,anddonationstothefoodbank’swarehouse(仓库).IntheUnitedStates,morethan47millionpeopleexperiencedfoodin2023fordifferentreasonslikealostjob.Whentimesare,foodbankscanhelpout.JoJosayshechosetosupporttheMacombCountyfoodbank.Whenaskedwhyhe’stakingonthisfooddriveattheageof11,hiswassimpleyetpowerful:“Noonedeservestobe.”Ifpeopleneedfood,hewantstomakesuretheygetit.WhatmakesthiseffortevenmoreisthatJoJoisnotstoppingwiththisfooddrive.Itjustservesastheofalifelongcommitmenttohelpingothers,provingthatageisnotomakingarealdifference.Hisstoryremindseveryonethatempathy(同理心)andactioncanchangeacommunity.21．A．resident B．visitor C．official D．director22．A．produce B．consume C．purchase D．collect23．A．succeeded B．worked C．existed D．opened24．A．gotback B．wanderedover C．reachedout D．movedup25．A．skim B．share C．gather D．identify26．A．heard B．adapted C．ran D．believed27．A．offered B．made C．submitted D．delivered28．A．insecurity B．unawareness C．waste D．quality29．A．limited B．precious C．tough D．proper30．A．target B．response C．ambition D．determination31．A．hungry B．lonely C．cold D．anxious32．A．challenging B．confusing C．inspiring D．tiring33．A．anticipation B．beginning C．record D．memory34．A．commitment B．contribution C．excuse D．barrier35．A．slightly B．hardly C．nearly D．truly第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HotandspicyfoodfromChinahasbeenwarmingupLondonersonanotherwinterdaysinceaneventtitled“ExploringDeliciousChongqinginLondon”kickedoffonThursday,36isaimedtosharethejoyofChineseNewYearby37(introduce)genuineChinesefoodtothelocals.AspeoplecrowdedintoMr.Meng,aChongqingrestaurantincentralLondon,abigscreenshowed38livesceneofpeopleinChongqingenjoyingthesamefood,39representativesinbothplacesexplainingthespecialcuisine.Thefamous40(dish)fromthecityofChongqingareknownfortheirabilitytofightthe41(favourable)physicaleffectsofhumidity(湿度).Theyalsohaveamood-liftingeffect,sincespicyfoodisbelieved42(boost)theproductionofserotonin(血清素),thechemicalthatcreatesasenseofhappiness.“Lastweekend,localfoodiesandfoodbloggers43(invite)toexploreChongqingfoodinLondonandsharetheirexperiencesonsocialmedia,”saystheorganizer.Forfoodies,Chinesecuisineisnotjustaboutpleasureforthemouth;italso44(represent)sharingandcompanionship.Daniel,aLondonerwhohasbeenbloggingaboutfoodfor10years45hasmorethan43,000followersonsocialmedia,saysSichuanprovincewashisfavoritestopwhenhevisitedChinaafewyearsago.“IloveChineseNewYearbecauseyougettoshareabigtablewithdumplings,noodlesandmeats,”hesays.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom询问你校新设立的校园AI体育角（AI-PoweredSportsCorner）使用情况。请你给他回信介绍该体育角，内容包括：1.智能亮点；2.师生反响。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Markwasaquietboyinmyclass.Herarelyspoketoothersandseemedhardtogetalongwith.MyclassmatesandIusuallylefthimalone,partlybecauseofhisindifferent(漠不关心的)attitude.However,Ioftensawhimafterschool,aloneinanoutdoorbasketballcourt,practicingshootingtirelessly.Evenoncolddays,he’dbethere,sweatflowingdownhisface.Ilivedoppositetheschoolandcouldseehimfrommywindow,ahabitI’dpickedupafterfirstnoticinghim.Sincemydiscoveryofhisquitegoodskills,IwonderedifI,captainofmyschool’sbasketballteam,shouldaskhimtojoinus.Oneevening,Ilookedoutofthewindow,andsawMarkalreadyleavingtheschool.Notfaraheadofhim,therewasamotherandherchild.Thechildheldasmallballinhishands.Suddenly,theballrolledontothebusyroad.Focusedonhisball,thechildranafterit,unawareofacarapproachingquicklyintheweaklight.Astheskywasdarkandthechildwassosmallandindarkclothes,thedriverseemednottonoticethechild’sactions.Thechild’smothercriedoutinfright,frozeninfear.Justasatragedyseemedunavoidable,Markdashedontotheroad.Thedriver,seeingafigurecomingouttotheroad,hitthebrakes(刹车)hardimmediately,butthecarstilldraggedforward.Myheartstopped.Theworldseemedtostandstill.Peoplerushedtothescene.Thechildwascrying,butMarkwasfoundprotectinghimtightlywithhisbody.Tenminuteslater,anambulancetookMark,thechild,andhismothertothehospital.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thenextdayatschool,IsawMarkintheclassroomasusual.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Afterthatday,somethingchanged.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1．D2．A3．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍全球可再生能源发电量首超煤炭，光伏和风能增长显著，中国是核心推动力量，虽部分地区进展滞后，但全球清洁能源未来前景向好。1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Worldwide,solarandwindpowergenerationhasoutpacedelectricitydemandthisyear,andforthefirsttimeonrecord,renewableenergiesgeneratedmorepowerthancoal,accordingtoanewanalysisbytheenergythinktankEmber.(能源智库恩伯的一项新分析显示，今年全球太阳能和风力发电量增速超过电力需求，可再生能源发电量创下历史纪录首次超过煤炭。)”以及后文对各地区能源发展的分析可知，作者展示相关数据是为了阐明全球能源发展趋势的转变。故选D项。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AkeydriverofthisglobalshiftisChina.Inthefirstsixmonthsoftheyear,Chinaaddedmoresolarandwindcapacitythantherestoftheworldcombined.Thismassiveinvestmentledtoa2%fallinitsfossilfuelgenerationandadecreaseinemissions.(这场全球能源转型的核心推动力是中国。今年上半年，中国新增的光伏和风电装机容量超过了世界其他国家的总和。这项巨额投资使其化石燃料发电量下降了2%，排放量也随之减少。)”可知，中国在全球能源转型中是主要的投资者和核心推动力量。故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Despitetheseregionalchallenges,theoverallglobaltrend,stronglyinfluencedbythesignificantcontributionsofcountrieslikeChina,indicatesapromisingpathtowardsacleanerenergyfuture.(尽管存在这些地区性挑战，但在中国等国家的重大贡献的强力推动下，全球整体趋势预示着清洁能源的未来前景光明。)”可知，尽管各地区发展存在差异，但全球清洁能源的未来发展态势令人鼓舞。故选C项。4．C5．D6．B7．A【导语】本文是一篇访谈录。文章主要讲述了新锐作家Claire其小说《渴望》的创作灵感、主题及期望。4．推理判断题。C。根据第三段中“IalwayshavemanydesireslikemymaincharacterYe.Shestruggleswithquestionslike‘CouldIgoforthingsthatIdon’thave,andcouldlifebebetterifIhadthem?’(我和我的主角叶一样，总是有很多欲望。她纠结于这样的问题：‘我能追求我没有的东西吗？如果我有这些东西，生活会更好吗？’)”可知，叶渴望得到更多，很有野心。故选C。5．词句猜测题。根据第五段中“It’sveryeasytobejealous,andwedon’tseewhatothers’livesarereallylikeuntiltheyconfidetous.(我们很容易嫉妒，除非别人confideto我们，否则我们看不到他们的真实生活是什么样的。)”可知，在别人向我们倾诉之前，我们看不到他们的真实生活，由此可推测confideto意为“私下告诉，倾诉”。故选D。6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Theyarelackinggratitude!Theirjourneyinthebookistodiscoverthat.Ithinktheycanbothbethankfulfortheirlives.Butthey’venotexamineddeepwaystorebuildtheirlives.(他们缺乏感恩之心！他们在书中的旅程就是要发现这一点。我认为他们都应该感谢自己的生活。但他们还没有深入研究重建生活的方法。)”可知，ClaireJia认为满足感需要探索和欣赏才能获得。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ijusthopethatreadersfeelseen.TheseedwasmyinterestinBeijing,myhome.Therearen’tmanywritersorbookssetinChinawrittenbyChineseAmericanwriters.Iwantedtoshowregularpeoplethatanxietiesandfeelingsofjealousyareuniversal,despitethedifferentbackgrounds.(我只希望读者能产生被理解、被看见的共鸣。创作的初衷源于我对故乡北京的眷恋。美籍华裔作家以中国为背景创作的作品并不多。我想向普通读者传达：尽管文化背景不同，焦虑与嫉妒的情感却是人类共通的。)”可知，ClaireJia写《渴望》是为了弥合文化理解，让不同背景的人都能产生共鸣。故选A。8．C9．B10．B11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。以大卫的个人困境为切入点，阐释了“自信坚定(assertiveness)”的内涵、成因及其相关影响。8．推理判断题。根据第一段“ButeverytimeIthinkaboutspeakingup,Istopmyself,afraiditwillonlyleadtoconflict.(但每次我想要开口说话时，我都会阻止自己，害怕这只会导致冲突)”可知，大卫因为担心引发矛盾和紧张气氛而选择保留自己的观点。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第三段“Fearingthathonestexpressionswillseemaggressive,peoplechoosesilence,oftenlosingrespectandbuildinganger.(由于担心坦诚的表达会显得具有攻击性，人们选择了沉默，从而往往失去尊重并引发愤怒)”可知，人们保持被动是为了避免被视为具有攻击性。故选B。10．细节理解题。根据第四段“Psychologicalresearchsuggeststhatassertivenessiscloselylinkedtomentalwell-being.Opencommunicationcanreducestress,easeanxietyanddepression,andstrengthenrelationships.(心理学研究表明，坚定自信与心理健康密切相关。开放的沟通可以减轻压力，缓解焦虑和抑郁，并加强人际关系)”可知，坚定自信有助于情绪健康。故选B。11．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Suchtrainingusuallybeginsbyidentifyingunhelpfulbeliefs,suchas“IfIspeakup,Iwillruintherelationship,”or“Itissafertostayquiet.”Thesebeliefsarethenreplacedwithmorebalancedones,like“Icanexpressmyselfhonestlyandstillbeconsiderate.”Practiceplaysacentralrole.Besides,peoplemaykeepdiariestonotewhentheyavoidspeaking,practicecalmresponsesthroughrole-play,learntoadmitmistakes,askforothers’opinions,andholdtheirgroundwithoutanger.(这种训练通常始于识别那些无益的观念，比如“如果我主动表达，就会破坏这段关系”或者“保持沉默会更安全”。然后，这些观念会被替换为更平衡的观念，比如“我可以诚实地表达自己，同时还能顾及他人感受”。实践起着核心作用。此外，人们可以写日记来记录自己何时避免表达，通过角色扮演来练习冷静的回应，学会承认错误，征求他人的意见，并在不愤怒的情况下坚守自己的立场)”可知，第五段主要介绍了培养坚定自信的具体实用方法。故选C。12．A13．B14．D15．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科研人员以草雀为研究对象探索鸟类晨鸣的原因，得出相关实验结论，也有学者指出该结论未必适用于所有鸟类物种。12．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“First,theteampushedbackthetimeatwhichthefincheswereexposedtosuddenbrightlightto3hourslaterthantheactualdawn.(首先，研究小组将草雀接触突然强光的时间推迟到比实际黎明晚3个小时。)”和“Whenthelightscameonthreehoursearlierthantruedawn,thebirdsstillbrokeintoachorus,butwithoutthesameintensityaswhentheywereforcedtowait.(当灯光比实际黎明早3个小时亮起时，这些鸟仍然会齐声鸣叫，但强度不如被迫等待时的强度。)”可知，SatoshiKojima和同事是通过调整光照周期开展第一项研究的。故选A项。13．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Birdsthatweregiventhisdrugfivehoursbeforetheusuallights-ontimewokeupmuchearlierandbegansingingsooner.(在常规开灯时间前五小时被喂下这种药物的鸟类醒得更早，开始鸣叫的时间也更早。)”可知，褪黑素阻断剂卢辛哚会影响鸟类的醒来时间和鸣叫时间。故选B项。14．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“ButDiegoGilattheNationalMuseumofNaturalSciencesinMadrid,Spain,issuesawarning.Thereare“numerousdifferencesbetweenspeciesinhow,whenandwhatbirdssinginthedawnchorus”,hesays.(但西班牙马德里国家自然科学博物馆的迭戈·希尔发出了警告。他说，不同物种的鸟类在晨鸣的方式、时间和鸣唱内容上存在“诸多差异”。)”可知，迭戈·希尔认为不同鸟类晨鸣存在诸多差异，对该研究发现持怀疑态度。故选D项。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Thedawnchorusofbirdsonghasinspiredpoetsandnatureloversforthousandsofyears,butwhybirdsstartthedayremainsalastingmystery.(数千年来，鸟类的晨鸣启发了诗人和自然爱好者，但鸟类为何以鸣唱开启一天仍是一个未解之谜。)”以及全文围绕科研人员研究鸟类晨鸣原因展开的内容可知，本文核心是探究鸟类为何会在黎明时鸣唱，所以“为何鸟类会在黎明引吭高歌”适合作为本文标题。故选A项。16．G17．A18．F19．E20．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨人类对颜色的感知是否存在差异，从语言、性别、色盲等方面分析感知的细微不同，指出人类的色彩视觉整体上是共通的。16．根据前文“Doweallseecolorsinexactlythesameway?(我们所有人看颜色的方式都完全一样吗？)”以及后文“Althoughwecannevertrulystepinsideanotherperson’smind,researchsuggeststhatsubtle(细微的)differencesincolorperceptiondoexist.(尽管我们永远无法真正窥探他人的内心，但研究表明，人们对颜色的感知确实存在细微的差异。)”可知，前文提出了关于人类色彩感知的问题，后文对此问题展开研究分析，此空应承接这个问题，说明其引发的关注，G选项“Thisquestionhasfascinatedphilosophers,scientists,andartistsforcenturies.(这个问题几个世纪以来一直吸引着哲学家、科学家和艺术家的关注。)”中的Thisquestion指代前文提出的看颜色方式是否相同的问题，承接前文且引出后文的研究结论，符合语境。故选G项。17．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，概括本段核心内容，根据后文“Thewordsweusecanshapehowwenoticeandremembercolors.Forexample,experimentsshowthatpeoplearefasteratdistinguishingbetweentwoshadeswhentheirlanguageprovidesdistinctnamesforthem.(我们使用的词汇会影响我们对颜色的注意和记忆方式。例如，实验表明，当一种语言为两种色调提供不同的名称时，人们能更快地区分它们。)”可知，本段核心是语言对人类色彩感知的影响，A选项“Onesignificantfactorislanguage.(其中一个重要的因素是语言。)”能精准概括本段主题，引出后文的具体阐释和举例，符合语境。故选A项。18．根据前文“Thereisalsoacommonbeliefthatwomenarebetterthanmenatdetectingdelicatecolordifferences.Isthereanytruthtothis?Somestudiesshowthatwomenperformslightlybetterincolor-namingandmemorytests.Yet,manyresearchersarguethatthesegapsareminor.(还有一种普遍的观点认为，女性比男性更擅长辨别细微的颜色差异。这有道理吗？一些研究表明，女性在颜色命名和记忆测试中表现略好。然而，许多研究人员认为这些差距很小。)”可知，前文探讨了男女在色彩感知上的细微差距，且指出差距并不大，此空应承接该内容，说明这种差距的成因并非性别，而是其他因素，F选项“Theyaremorelikelylinkedtocultureandlearningthantogender.(这些差距更可能与文化和学习有关，而非性别。)”中的They指代前文的thesegaps，承接前文且解释了差距的真正成因，符合语境。故选F项。19．根据前文“Whataboutcolorblindness?Itisoftenmisunderstoodas“losing”colors,butitisactuallymoreaboutcolorconfusion.(那色盲呢？人们常常误以为色盲是“失去”了对颜色的感知，但实际上它更多的是对颜色的混淆。)”以及后文“Forinstance,aripestrawberrymightappeargreentosome,buttheystillexperienc