广东省广州市天河区2024届高三下学期三模英语试题（解析版）

第第页广东省广州市天河区2024届高三下学期三模英语试题一、第一部分阅读，第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）（共两节，满分50分）阅读理解Whenitcomestocruise(游轮)travelling,thereistrulysomethingforeveryone.Seewhichonesoundsrightforyou.WonderoftheSeasCruiseline:RoyalCaribbeanLength:1,188feetWidth:215feetGuestcapacity:7,084Atruewonder,thecurrentbiggestshipintheworlddelightsguestseveryweekwithafeastofactivities,shows,mealsandmemories.RoyalCaribbean'sWonderoftheSeashas16guestdecks,2,204crewmembersand20diningdestinations—nineofwhicharefreeofcharge.Itfeaturesadryslidethattwistsdown10decks,surfingsimulatorsandaniceskatingrink.TheWorldEuropaCruiseline:MSCLength:1,093feetWidth:154feetGuestcapacity:6,762TheWorldEuropa,whichtooktotheseaforthefirsttimein2022,featuressomeofthebestroomsonacruiseship,thankstomostcabinswithabalcony.Peoplelookingforsomethingalittlelessdramaticwillenjoysixpools,fiveminicinemasandthreefeaturedlibrariesatsea.You'llnevergohungryonthisship,givenits10restaurants.includingfourmaindiningroomsandthreebuffets.ArviaCruiseline:P&OCrusesLength:1.130feetWidth:138feetGuestcapacity:6.685WhetheryouwantthesunshineoftheCaribbeanortheculturefoundinandaroundMediterraneanports.ArviaisP&O'slargestcruiseshipwith1,800crewmembers,athree-screencinemacomplex,awiderangeofstateroomsandfourpools,includingonewithaswim-upbar,providingfoodandbeverage.Whetheryou'resingleorhavechildren,seriousrestandrelaxationaredefinitelyontheagenda.SymphonyoftheSeasCruiseline:RoyalCaribbeanLength:1.188feetWidth:216feetGuestcapacity:6.680Imagineyou'reenjoyinganall-inclusiveexperienceonabigcruiseship.SymphonyoftheSeasoffersmanyspectacularactivities,includingBroadway-styletheatershows,surfingsimulatorsandthe10-storydryslide.There'salsodeliciousfoodallovertheship.Guestsrarelyfeelovercrowdedbecausesevendistinctareascarveuptheshipintouniquespacestoplay,eat,wander,sleepandenjoyliveentertainment.1．Whichprobablyprovidesthebestshiprooms?A．WonderoftheSeas. B．TheWorldEuropa.C．Arvia. D．SymphonyoftheSeas.2．Whichshipisthebestforatravellerenjoyingpersonalspace?A．WonderoftheSeas. B．TheWorldEuropa.C．Arvia. D．SymphonyoftheSeas.3．Whatdothefourshipshaveincommon?A．Theyprovidefreefoodservice.B．Theyhavemanypools.C．Theyprovidevariousactivities.D．Theyfollowthesameroute.【答案】1．B2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个游轮的情况。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。1．细节理解题。根据TheWorldEuropa部分中"TheWorldEuropa,whichtooktotheseaforthefirsttimein2022,featuressomeofthebestroomsonacruiseship,thankstomostcabinswithabalcony.(世界欧罗巴号于2022年首次出海，由于大多数船舱都带阳台，它的客房是游轮上最好的)"可知，世界欧罗巴号的房间最好。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Guestsrarelyfeelovercrowdedbecausesevendistinctareascarveuptheshipintouniquespacestoplay,eat,wander,sleepandenjoyliveentertainment.(游客很少感到拥挤，因为七个不同的区域将船上分割成独特的空间，可以玩耍、吃饭、漫步、睡觉和享受现场娱乐)"可知，SymphonyoftheSeas最适合享受私人空间。故选D。3．细节理解题。根据第一部分"Itfeaturesadryslidethattwistsdown10decks,surfingsimulatorsandaniceskatingrink.(它有一个干燥的滑梯，可以沿着10层甲板蜿蜒而下，还有冲浪模拟器和溜冰场)"；第二部分"Peoplelookingforsomethingalittlelessdramaticwillenjoysixpools,fiveminicinemasandthreefeaturedlibrariesatsea.(想找点不那么引人注目的东西的人可以在海上享受六个游泳池，五个迷你电影院和三个特色图书馆)"；第三部分"ArviaisP&O'slargestcruiseshipwith1,800crewmembers,athree-screencinemacomplex,awiderangeofstateroomsandfourpools,includingonewithaswim-upbar,providingfoodandbeverage.(Arvia是P&O最大的游轮，拥有1800名船员，一个三屏幕的电影院，各种各样的客舱和四个游泳池，其中一个带游泳酒吧，提供食品和饮料)"以及最后一部分"(海洋交响曲号提供了许多壮观的活动，包括百老汇风格的戏剧表演、冲浪模拟器和10层的干滑梯)"可知，这四艘船的共同点是都有很多游泳池。故选B。阅读理解BrianPetersonhadjustmovedtoSantaAna,California.Outsidehisapartment,ahomelessmanwasoftenyellingonthestreetcorner,sometimeskeepinghimawakeatnight.Peterson,28,wouldpasstheguyonhiswaytohisjobasacardesigner,buttheyneverspoke.Whatcouldtheypossiblyhaveincommon?Oneday,Petersonwasrelaxingathome,readingthebookLoveDoes,whenhisquietwasdisturbedbythehomelessman.Inspiredbythebook'ssympatheticmessage,Petersonmadeanunexpecteddecision:togooutsideandintroducehimself.Petersonlearnedthattheman'snamewasMattFaris.He'dmovedtoSouthernCaliforniafromKentuckytopursueacareerinmusic,butfellonhardtimesandendeduplivingonthestreetformorethanadecade.EventhoughPeterson,agraduateoftheClevelandInstituteofArt,hadn'tpickedupapaintbrushinabouteightyears,hefoundhimselfaskingifhecouldpaintFaris'portrait.Farissaidyes."Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn'tshavedinprobablyayear,hadovergrownfinger-nailsandprobablyhadn'thadashowerinclosetoayear.Buthisstory,thelifeinsideofhim,inspiredme."Petersonrecalledlater.Peterson'sconnectionwithFarisledtoFacesofSantaAna:anonprofitorganizationthatbefriendsandpaintsportraitsofunhousedcommunitymembers.Usingablack-and-whitephototakenwithhisphone,Petersonselectscolorsbasedonthesubject'spersonalityandlifestory,creatingpowerfulportraits.Petersonsellsthe30-by-40-inchcanvas—signedbybothsubjectandartist—forafewthousanddollars.Farisusedtheportraitfundstorecordanalbum,fulfillinghismusicaldreams.Petersonhasdiscoveredthatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwiseoverlooked."Peopleoftentellme,‘Iwastheonethatwouldcrossthestreet.ButIseehomelesspeopledifferentlynow.'"Petersonsays.4．WhydidPetersonspeaktoFaris?A．Faris'yellingdisturbedhissleep.B．Hedecidedtomakeanewfriend.C．Thequietwhilereadingwasbroken.D．Hefeltadrivetopracticekindness.5．WhatinspiredPetersontopaintFaris'portrait?A．Faris'lifestory. B．Faris'beautifulface.C．Desireforartpractice. D．Sympathyforthehomeless.6．Whatdothebuyersthinkofthecanvas?A．Theyrevealthelifeofpoorpeople.B．Theybeardelicatesignaturesfromartists.C．Theyshowvividportraitswithrichcolors.D．Theybuildbondbetweenpeopleseeminglydifferent.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePeterson?A．Braveandkind. B．Talkativeandconsiderate.C．Talentedandambitious. D．Perceptiveandsympathetic.【答案】4．D5．A6．D7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布莱恩·彼得森在认识流浪汉马特·法里斯后，他突发奇想成立了一个非营利组织，专注于与社区中无家可归的成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像，通过售卖肖像所得的钱帮助他们重新站起来的故事。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。4．细节理解题。根据第二段的"Oneday,Petersonwasrelaxingathome,readingthebookLoveDoes,whenhisquietwasdisturbedbythehomelessman.Inspiredbythebook'ssympatheticmessage,Petersonmadeanunexpecteddecision:togooutsideandintroducehimself.(一天，彼得森正在家里放松，读着《爱的力量》这本书，这时他的安静被一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中充满同情的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个意想不到的决定：到外面做自我介绍。)"可知，受到书中的启发，一种行善的冲动让Peterson去与Faris交谈。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据第三段"Petersonlearnedthattheman'snamewasMattFaris.He'dmovedtoSouthernCaliforniafromKentuckytopursueacareerinmusic,butfellonhardtimesandendeduplivingonthestreetformorethanadecade.EventhoughPeterson,agraduateoftheClevelandInstituteofArt,hadn'tpickedupapaintbrushinabouteightyears,hefoundhimselfaskingifhecouldpaintFaris'portrait.Farissaidyes."Isawbeautyonthefaceofamanwhohadn'tshavedinprobablyayear,hadovergrownfinger-nailsandprobablyhadn'thadashowerinclosetoayear.Buthisstory,thelifeinsideofhim,inspiredme."Petersonrecalledlater.(彼得森得知这个人的名字叫马特·法里斯。为了追求音乐事业，他从肯塔基州搬到了南加州，但却陷入了困境，最终在街头流浪了十多年。尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院(ClevelandInstituteofArt)的彼得森已经有八年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出法里斯的肖像。法瑞斯答应了。"我在一个大概一年没刮胡子、指甲长得太长、可能将近一年没洗澡的男人脸上看到了美。但他的故事，他内心的生活，激励了我。"彼得森后来回忆道。)"可知，彼得森主动提出为法里斯画肖像的原因是他被法里斯的故事所感动。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Petersonhasdiscoveredthatthebuyerstendtoconnecttothestoryofthepersoninthepainting,findingsimilaritiesandoftenfriendshipwithsomeonetheymighthaveotherwiseoverlooked."Peopleoftentellme,‘Iwastheonethatwouldcrossthestreet.ButIseehomelesspeopledifferentlynow.'"Petersonsays.(彼得森发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能忽视的人建立友谊。"人们经常告诉我，‘我是那个会过马路的人。但我现在对无家可归者的看法不同了。'"彼得森说。)"可知，买家认为这些画在看似不同的人之间建立联系。故选D。7．推理判断题。根据第四段"Peterson'sconnectionwithFarisledtoFacesofSantaAna:anonprofitorganizationthatbefriendsandpaintsportraitsofunhousedcommunitymembers.Usingablack-and-whitephototakenwithhisphone,Petersonselectscolorsbasedonthesubject'spersonalityandlifestory,creatingpowerfulportraits.（彼得森与法瑞斯的联系促成了圣安娜之脸的成立:这是一个非营利组织，帮助无家可归的社区成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像。彼得森使用手机拍摄的黑白照片，根据拍摄对象的个性和生活故事选择颜色，创造出强大的肖像。）和第五段"Petersonsellsthe30-by-40-inchcanvas—signedbybothsubjectandartist—forafewthousanddollars.Farisusedtheportraitfundstorecordanalbum,fulfillinghismusicaldreams.(彼得森以几千美元的价格出售这幅30×40英寸的油画，油画上有主题和艺术家的签名。法里斯用肖像基金录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。)"可知，彼得森建立非盈利组织帮助无家可归的人，为他们画栩栩如生的肖像，卖画所得的钱帮助他们建立新生活，可推断出他是一个敏锐且有同情心的人。故选D。阅读理解InSwitzerland,anambitiousproposalcouldseetheconstructionofanexpansiveundergroundnetworkthroughwhichself-drivingpods(吊舱)wouldtransportgoodsacrossthecountry.TheprojectcalledCargoSousTerrain(CST),isintendedtoreducetherelianceontrucksformovingcargo.Globaldemandforfreight(货物)transportationisgrowing,justasmuchoftheworldisseeingashortageoftruckdrivers.Meanwhile,higherfuelpriceshavemaderoadtransportationmoreexpensive,whiletransportingfreightbyroadaccountsforaround6%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.Ifbuilt,thenetworkwouldstretchroughly500kilometersfromGenevainthewestofSwitzerlandtoSt.Galleninthenortheast,andbecompletedaround2045.Thenetworkoftunnelswillbe40to80metersbelowgroundandtheautonomouspodswilldrivealongthreelanesataround30kilometersperhour.Andthecargowillbeloadedandunloadedatdesignatedhubs(枢纽)employingliftstotakegoodstoandfromthesurface.TheprojectwasapprovedbytheSwissgovernmentin2021.Althoughthere'salongwaytogobeforeconstructioncanbegin,earlierin2023CSTbeganitspreliminaryworkinthefield—exploratorydrillingalongtheHärkingen-Niederbipproute.ThebiggestchallengeforCSTwillbetheexpense.CSTestimatesthatitwillcostaround30billionSwissFrancs($34billion)fortheentirenetwork.Theprojectwillbeentirelyprivatelyfunded,withinvestorsincludingCreditSuisse,Coop,andSiemens.Althoughahugeamountoffundingstillneedstobefound,muchofthetechnologyfortheautomationandoperationofthenetworkalreadyexists.Anotherkeychallengeisworkingouthowtotransportfreightabovegroundfromthetunnelstostoresincities—withoutaddingtoroadtraffic.Despiteallthehurdles,PatrikAellig,headofcommunicationforCST,remainsoptimistic.CSTis"attheforefront"ofundergroundfreighttransport.8．WhatmainlyledtotheprojectCST?A．Expensivetruckdrivers. B．Seriousshortageoffuel.C．Environmentalconcern. D．Heavyfreighttransportation.9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A．Topresentthewaythenetworkwillwork.B．Toprovideablueprintofthenetwork.C．Toprovetheefficiencyofthenetwork.D．Toshowtheadvancementofthenetwork.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"preliminary"meaninparagraph4?A．Innovative. B．Significant. C．Preparatory. D．Constructive.11．WhatisagreatchallengeforCST?A．Absenceoffund. B．Lackoftechnology.C．Last-miledelivery. D．Transportsafety.【答案】8．D9．B10．C11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了瑞士要建设一个庞大的地下网络，在全国范围内运输货物。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。8．细节理解题。根据第二段"Theproject,calledCargoSousTerrain(CST),isintendedtoreducetherelianceontrucksformovingcargo.Globaldemandforfreight(货物)transportationisgrowing,justasmuchoftheworldisseeingashortageoftruckdrivers.Meanwhile,higherfuelpriceshavemaderoadtransportationmoreexpensive,whiletransportingfreightbyroadaccountsforaround6%ofglobalcarbondioxideemissions.(该项目被称为货运地面（CST），旨在减少对卡车运输货物的依赖。全球货运需求正在增长，就像世界上许多地方出现卡车司机短缺一样。与此同时，燃料价格上涨使得公路运输成本更高，而公路货运占全球二氧化碳排放量的6%左右)"可知，严重的货物运输压力主要导致了CST项目。故选D。9．推理判断题。根据第三段"Ifbuilt,thenetworkwouldstretchroughly500kilometersfromGenevainthewestofSwitzerlandtoSt.Galleninthenortheast,andbecompletedaround2045.Thenetworkoftunnelswillbe40to80metersbelowgroundandtheautonomouspodswilldrivealongthreelanesataround30kilometersperhour.Andthecargowillbeloadedandunloadedatdesignatedhubs(枢纽)employingliftstotakegoodstoandfromthesurface.(如果建成，该网络将从瑞士西部的日内瓦延伸到东北部的圣加仑，全长约500公里，并将于2045年左右完工。隧道网络将位于地下40至80米，自动驾驶舱将以每小时30公里的速度沿着三条车道行驶。货物将在指定的集散地装卸，使用升降机将货物运送到地面)"可知，作者在第3段打算提供网络的蓝图。故选B。10．词义猜测题。根据划线词上文"TheprojectwasapprovedbytheSwissgovernmentin2021.Althoughthere'salongwaytogobeforeconstructioncanbegin"可知，该项目于2021年获得瑞士政府批准，而在施工开始之前还有很长的路要走，说明2023年初进行的是准备性的工作。故划线词意思是"准备性的"。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段"ThebiggestchallengeforCSTwillbetheexpense.CSTestimatesthatitwillcostaround30billionSwissFrancs($34billion)fortheentirenetwork.Theprojectwillbeentirelyprivatelyfunded,withinvestorsincludingCreditSuisse,Coop,andSiemens.(CST面临的最大挑战将是费用。CST估计整个网络将耗资约300亿瑞士法郎(340亿美元)。该项目将完全由私人投资，投资者包括瑞士信贷、Coop和西门子。虽然还需要大量的资金，但大部分网络自动化和运营的技术已经存在)"可知，CST面临的最大挑战是缺乏资金。故选A。阅读理解Childrenwithstrongfamilyconnectionsareassociatedwithahighlikelihoodofflourishing(成功)inlife,accordingtoanewstudyledbyDr.RobertWhitakerfromColumbiaUniversity,whosurveyedover37,000childrenin26countries.Familyconnectionwasdeterminedbyameanscoreoffivecategories:care,support,safety,respectandparticipation.Foreachsubject,theparticipantsweregivenastatementandaskedtoassessnowmuchtheyagreedwithit,scoringfromzero(donotagree)tofour(stronglyagree).Forexample,tomeasurecare,theywereaskedhowmuchtheyagreedwiththestatement,"Ifeelsafeathome."Thecoreoffamilyconnectionischildrenfeelingthatthey'reacceptedandnurturedathome,whichallowsthemtolearnwhattheirstrengthsandweaknessesareinasafeenvironmentastheyarebuildingtheiridentity,Whitakersaid.Childrenwiththegreatestleveloffamilyconnectionwereover49%morelikelytoflourishcomparedwiththosewiththelowestleveloffamilyconnectionaccordingtothestudy.Thehighestscoresinbothfamilyconnectionandflourishingcamefromchildrenwholivedwithparentsorneverhadtheirfamilyworryingaboutfinances.Researchersthencontrolledthedataforfamilies'povertylevels,includingfinancialcircumstancesandfoodinsecurity,toremovetheeffecttheymayhavehadonthenumbers.Aftercontrollingforthesefactors,thestrengthoffamilyconnectionsstillimpactedhowmuchchildrenflourished.Soitisimportanttocreateaspacewherechildrenfeelseenandheard.Whiletheyaretalking,grown-upsshouldshowthattheyhaveagenuineinterestinwhattheirchildrenaresayingandtrytosuspendjudgment.Adultsdonotneedtomakegrandgesturestobondwiththeirchildren.Havingmeaningfulconversationsismoreimportantforyourconnectionthantakingthemonexpensivetrips.Silenceisalsoanotherpowerfulformofcommunication.Childrenandparentsspendingtimetogetherinsilenceorevenrunninganerrandordoingchorescancreateaconnection.12．Whatweretheparticipantsrequiredtodointheresearch?A．Addupthescoresthey'vegot.B．Assesssomestatements.CRecalltheirchildhoodlife.D.Categorizesomestatements.13．Howdoesstrongfamilyconnectionhelpchildren'slifesuccess?A．Itallowsthemtobuildtheiridentity.B．Itenablesthemtoacceptothers.C．Itprovidessafelivingconditions.D．Itmakesthembetterknowthemselves.14．Howshouldparentsbondwiththeirchildren,accordingtotheauthor?A．Tolistentothemattentively.B．Tojudgethemimmediately.C．Toorganizetripsfrequently.D．Toassignhouseworkregularly.15．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Closefamilybondbringssuccessfulchildren.B．Childrenshowingcarewillflourish.C．Communicationhelpsfamilyconnection.D．Familyconnectionensureshealthychildren.【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有研究证实了家庭关系对于儿童成功的重要性，成年人可以通过倾听他们的意见以及在沉默时展现关心来加强家庭联系。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和标题选择题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。12．细节理解题。根据第二段"Foreachsubject,theparticipantsweregivenastatementandaskedtoassessnowmuchtheyagreedwithit,scoringfromzero(donotagree)tofour(stronglyagree)."（对于每个主题，参与者都会得到一个陈述，并被要求评估他们对此有多么同意，得分从零（不同意）到四（强烈同意）。）可知，参与者需要评估一些陈述。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第三段"Thecoreoffamilyconnectionischildrenfeelingthatthey'reacceptedandnurturedathome,whichallowsthemtolearnwhattheirstrengthsandweaknessesareinasafeenvironmentastheyarebuildingtheiridentity,Whitakersaid."（家庭联系的核心是孩子们在家中感到被接纳和培养，这使他们能够在建立自我身份的同时，在安全的环境中了解自己的优点和缺点，Whitaker说。）可知，强大的家庭联系可以帮助孩子更好地了解自己。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段"Soitisimportanttocreateaspacewherechildrenfeelseenandheard.Whiletheyaretalking,grown-upsshouldshowthattheyhaveagenuineinterestinwhattheirchildrenaresayingandtrytosuspendjudgment."（所以，创建一个让孩子感到被看见和听见的空间是很重要的。当他们在说话时，成年人应该表现出他们对孩子们所说的话真正感兴趣，并尽量暂停判断。）可知，父母应该专心倾听孩子。故选A。15．标题选择题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段"Childrenwithstrongfamilyconnectionsareassociatedwithahighlikelihoodofflourishing(成功)inlife"（家庭关系密切的孩子很有可能在生活中茁壮成长）可知，文章主要讲述了家庭联系的强度对孩子的成功生活的影响，以及如何与孩子建立紧密的联系。因此，A选项"紧密的家庭联系带来成功的孩子"最能概括全文主题。故选A。二、第一部分阅读，第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whileit'ssimpletonamemanyfamousmaleinventors,peoplemightbehard-pressedtonamesomefemaleinventors.16．17．Backonafreezingwinter'sdayin1902,MaryAndersonwastravelingbytramthroughNewYorkCity.Snowwasfalling,forcingthedrivertostoprepeatedlyandgetouttoclearit.Eachtimethedooropened,Marysufferedagustofwind.Shehadasuddengoodidea:whynotmakesomekindofarubberblade(刮片)thatcouldbeoperatedfrominsidethevehicle?18．What'smore,thedishwasherdatesbackevenearliertothe19thcenturyandtothedinnerpartiesheldbyaladycalledJosephineCochrane.Asafrequenthostess,shewantedamachinethatcouldwashdishesfasterthanhumans.19．Andfinally,shedevelopedwhatwastobecomethefirstcommerciallysuccessfuldishwasher.Interestingly,innovationwasinherblood:hergrandfatherhadinventedthesteamboat.Lastly,oneofthemostimportantinventionsofthe20thcenturymustsurelybethecomputerprogram.Intoday'sworldofprogramming,menvastlyoutnumberwomen.20．GraceHopperiscreditedwithinventingthefirstcompiler(编译程序)in1952.A.Andthat'sexactlywhatshedid.B.Thatwashowtheinventioncameintobeing.C.Asaresponse,sheconductedmanyexperiments.D.Firstly,whatledtotheinventionofthewindscreencleaner?E.Butbackinthe1940sand50s,womenledthewayinthisnewfield.F.Forexample,wherewouldwebewithoutthewindscreencleaner?G.Yetwomenarebehindsomewidelyusedtechnologiesinthemodernworld.【答案】16．G；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性发明家以及她们的发明创造。备选项的中文意思：A.而她正是这么做的。B.这就是这项发明诞生的过程。C.作为回应，她进行了许多实验。D.首先，是什么促使了挡风玻璃雨刮器的发明呢？E.但在20世纪四五十年代，女性在这个新领域引领了潮流。F.例如，如果没有挡风玻璃雨刮器，我们的生活会变成什么样呢？G.然而，现代世界中一些广泛使用的技术背后都有女性的身影。

【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1.看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2.首先快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3.精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4.看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5.解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。16．前文"Whileit'ssimpletonamemanyfamousmaleinventors,peoplemightbehard-pressedtonamesomefemaleinventors.(虽然说出许多著名的男性发明家的名字很容易，但人们可能很难说出一些女性发明家的名字。)"讲述人们很难说出一些女性发明家的名字，结合下文描述的几位伟大的女性和她们的成就可推断G项"然而，现代世界中一些广泛使用的技术背后都有女性的身影。"符合语境，承上启下。故选G。17．后文"Backonafreezingwinter'sdayin1902,MaryAndersonwastravelingbytramthroughNewYorkCity.Snowwasfalling,forcingthedrivertostoprepeatedlyandgetouttoclearit.Eachtimethedooropened,Marysufferedagustofwind.Shehadasuddengoodidea:whynotmakesomekindofarubberblade(刮片)thatcouldbeoperatedfrominsidethevehicle?(1902年一个寒冷的冬日，玛丽·安德森(MaryAnderson)正乘坐有轨电车穿越纽约市。大雪纷飞，司机不得不多次停车，下车清理积雪。每次门一开，玛丽就感到一阵风。她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)"讲述玛丽·安德森发明挡风玻璃清洁的故事，因此推断D项"首先，是什么促使了挡风玻璃雨刮器的发明呢？"符合语境，与下文的what'smore，lastly呼应。故选D。18．前文"Shehadasuddengoodidea:whynotmakesomekindofarubberblade(刮片)thatcouldbeoperatedfrominsidethevehicle?(她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)"讲述玛丽想到了发明车内清洁挡风玻璃的主意，结合常识这种东西发明出来了，因此推断A项"而她正是这么做的。"符合语境，故选A。19．前文"What'smore,thedishwasherdatesbackevenearliertothe19thcenturyandtothedinnerpartiesheldbyaladycalledJosephineCochrane.Asafrequenthostess,shewantedamachinethatcouldwashdishesfasterthanhumans.(此外，洗碗机的历史可以追溯到更早的19世纪，一位名叫约瑟芬·科克伦(JosephineCochrane)的女士举办的晚宴上。作为一个经常做女主人的人，她想要一台洗碗速度比人类快的机器。)"讲述约瑟芬·科克伦想要一台洗碗机，后文"Andfinally,shedevelopedwhatwastobecomethefirstcommerciallysuccessfuldishwasher.Interestingly,innovationwasinherblood:hergrandfatherhadinventedthesteamboat.(最后，她发明了第一个商业上成功的洗碗机。有趣的是，她的血液中流淌着创新：她的祖父发明了汽船。)"讲述她发明了洗碗机，因此推断C项"作为回应，她进行了许多实验。"符合语境，承上启下。故选C。20．前文"Lastly,oneofthemostimportantinventionsofthe20thcenturymustsurelybethecomputerprogram.Intoday'sworldofprogramming,menvastlyoutnumberwomen.(最后，20世纪最重要的发明之一肯定是计算机程序。在当今的编程世界中，男性的数量远远超过女性。)"讲述计算机编程领域男性多，下文"GraceHopperiscreditedwithinventingthefirstcompiler(编译程序)in1952.(格蕾丝·霍珀于1952年发明了第一个编译器。)"讲述格蕾丝·霍珀发明了编译器，因此推断E项"但在20世纪四五十年代，女性在这个新领域引领了潮流。"符合语境，与前文是转折关系，承接下文。故选E。三、第二部分语言运用，第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（共两节，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。What'sthepointofstudying?It'ssomethingyoumightaskyourselfifyou're21．tofinishanassignment,22．ifyourfriendsseemtobeouthavingfun,orare23．andearninglotsofmoney.Manyofuschoosetogotouniversityasafirststeptowardsagood24．,butsometimesgraduatesareeducatedbeyondwhatisnecessaryforajob.Evenso,accordingtoaresearchconductedbyanorganization,a25．will,inthelongrun,earnyoumore.What'smore,thereare26．inyourearningpotential.Aresearchersaysthatgraduatesofthe24RussellGroupuniversitiesearnabout40%morethanthosewhostudiedatotheruniversitiesafterfiveyears.27．,itfoundit'snotjustthelocationbutotherfactorsthatcan28．whatyoucanearn.Forexample,graduatesinsubjectssuchaslawandmedicine29．todowell.Andastheyprogress,thepaygapbetweenthesecareersandothers,suchasthecreativearts,30．.Also,astudent's31．backgroundcanhaveaneffect,withthosefromhouseholdshighlyvaluingeducationmuchmorelikelytogotouniversity,andmostlylikelya32．one.Butifyoustilldon'tfeeluniversitydeliversthebestworkopportunities,thereare33．wordsfromAlistairJarvis,headofUniversitiesUK,whosaysthatgraduatesarehalfaslikelytobe34．asnon-graduates.Somaybeallthatstudyingis35．—afterall"nopains,nogains"!21．A．planning B．struggling C．trying D．hoping22．A．actually B．usually C．especially D．generally23．A．working B．studying C．wandering D．living24．A．education B．life C．marriage D．career25．A．degree B．major C．skill D．patent26．A．changes B．difficulties C．improvements D．differences27．A．Then B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Instead28．A．involvein B．contributetoC．consistof D．resultfrom29．A．happen B．tend C．long D．manage30．A．exists B．disappears C．widens D．varies31．A．religious B．historical C．educational D．social32．A．big B．good C．popular D．public33．A．encouraging B．amazing C．sincere D．scientific34．A．disrespected B．distrusted C．unemployed D．unpaid35．A．reliable B．favorable C．interesting D．rewarding【答案】21．B；22．C；23．A；24．D；25．A；26．D；27．D；28．B；29．B；30．C；31．D；32．B；33．A；34．C；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。上大学获取一个学位可不是件容易的事。大多数人相信，获得大学文凭对一名毕业生的未来职业发展必有帮助。但这一纸文凭究竟有那么管用吗？学生所学习的专业会影响其未来的就业和收入吗？短文讨论在英国，学历和收入之间的关系。

【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。21．句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A.planning计划；B.struggling奋斗；C.trying尝试；D.hoping希望。根据上文"What'sthepointofstudying?"以及下文"___2___ifyourfriendsseemtobeouthavingfun,orare___3___andearninglotsofmoney."可知，下文说的场景与学习形成了反差，所以是努力的完成学习上的任务。故选B。22．句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A.actually事实上；B.usually通常；C.especially尤其地；D.generally大概。根据下文"ifyourfriendsseemtobeouthavingfun,orare___3___andearninglotsofmoney."可知，本句在强调。故选C。23．句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A.working工作；B.studying学习；C.wandering想知道；D.living生活。根据下文"earninglotsofmoney"工作才能赚钱。故选A。24．句意：我们中的许多人选择上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步，但有时毕业生所受的教育超出了工作所需的范围。A.education教育；B.life生活；C.marriage婚姻；D.career职业。根据常识可知，上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步。故选D。25．句意：即便如此，根据一家机构进行的一项研究，从长远来看，学位会给你带来更多的收入。A.degree学位；B.major专业；C.skill技能；D.pate