2026年研究生英语入学考试模拟题及答案精讲

2026年研究生英语入学考试模拟题及答案精讲第一部分：英语知识运用（完形填空）说明：本部分共20题，每题0.5分，共10分。Passage:Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hasreshapedindustriesanddailylifeacrosstheglobe.WhilesomearguethatAIwill1jobsandincreaseinequality,othersbelieveitwill2humanpotentialbyautomatingmundanetasks.However,theethicalimplicationsofAIremainacontentiousissue,particularlyinregionsliketheEuropeanUnion,wherestricterregulationsarebeing3.Companiesthatfailtoadapttothesechangesriskfallingbehind,ascompetitorsleverageAItooptimizesupplychainsandenhancecustomerexperiences.TheintegrationofAIintohealthcarehasbeenparticularly4,withearlytrialsshowingpromiseindiagnosticsandpersonalizedmedicine.Forinstance,researchersintheU.S.havedevelopedAIalgorithmsthatcandetectdiseaseslikecancerwithhigheraccuracythanhumanradiologists.Yet,the5ofsuchtechnologyraisesconcernsaboutdataprivacyandthepotentialdisplacementofmedicalprofessionals.Governmentsandbusinessesmuststrikeabalancebetweeninnovationandregulation.Withoutproperoversight,AIcouldexacerbateexistingsocietaldivides.Conversely,overlyrestrictivepoliciesmaystifleprogress.AsAIcontinuestoevolve,stakeholdersmustcollaboratetoensureitsbenefitsare6widely.ThisincludesinvestingineducationtoprepareworkersforthejobsofthefutureandaddressingdisparitiesinaccesstoAItools.Intherealmoftransportation,autonomousvehiclesarepoisedtorevolutionizemobility.WhiletrialsincitieslikeSingaporehavebeenlargely7,widespreadadoptionfaceshurdlessuchasinfrastructurelimitationsandpublicskepticism.Someexpertscautionthatwithoutrobustsafetystandards,thetransitioncouldleadtoaccidentsandeconomicdisruptions.Ultimately,thesuccessofAIdependsonhowsocieties8itspotential.Byfosteringacultureofresponsibleinnovation,wecanharnessAItocreateamoreefficientandequitableworld.Questions:1.A.replaceB.createC.supplementD.eliminate2.A.unleashB.limitC.suppressD.diminish3.A.imposedB.proposedC.ignoredD.eliminated4.A.controversialB.promisingC.problematicD.outdated5.A.adoptionB.developmentC.deploymentD.expansion6.A.distributedB.allocatedC.sharedD.maximized7.A.successfulB.gradualC.controversialD.premature8.A.recognizesB.ignoresC.challengesD.overlooks第二部分：阅读理解说明：本部分共4篇文章，每题2分，共20分。Passage1(5题，10分):Theriseofrenewableenergyhasbeenhailedasaturningpointinthefightagainstclimatechange.CountrieslikeDenmarkandGermanyhavemadesignificantstridesinintegratingwindandsolarpowerintotheirgrids.However,theintermittentnatureofthesesourcesposeschallengesforenergystorageanddistribution.Batterytechnologyhasadvancedrapidlyinrecentyears,withcompanieslikeTeslaand宁德时代leadingthecharge.Lithium-ionbatteries,oncethedominantsolution,arebeingsupplementedbynewertechnologiessuchassolid-stateandflowbatteries.Theseinnovationspromisehigherenergydensityandlongerlifespans,makingthemidealforlarge-scaleenergystorage.Despitetheseadvancements,thecostofbatteriesremainsabarrierforwidespreadadoptionindevelopingnations.Governmentsandinternationalorganizationsareworkingtoreduceexpensesthroughsubsidiesandresearchfunding.Forexample,theInternationalRenewableEnergyAgency(IRENA)haslaunchedinitiativestolowerbatterycostsinemergingmarkets.Anotherhurdleistherecyclingofbatteries.Theextractionoflithiumandcobalt,keycomponentsinmanybatteries,raisesenvironmentalandethicalconcerns.Effortstoestablishcirculareconomiesaregainingtraction,withcompaniesexploringclosed-looprecyclingsystems.Thefutureofrenewableenergyhingesonovercomingthesechallenges.Ifbatterytechnologycontinuestoimprovewhilecostsdecline,thetransitiontoacleanenergyfuturewillaccelerate.Questions:9.Whatisthemainchallengeofrenewableenergy?A.HighinitialinvestmentB.IntermittencyofsourcesC.LackofgovernmentsupportD.Limitedtechnologicalinnovation10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypeofbatterymentionedinthepassage?A.Lithium-ionB.Solid-stateC.Lead-acidD.Flowbattery11.Whyaredevelopingnationsslowtoadoptadvancedbatterytechnology?A.TheylacktheinfrastructureB.ThecostistoohighC.TheyprefertraditionalenergysourcesD.Theydistrustforeigntechnology12.Whatisakeyconcernregardingbatteryproduction?A.EnergyconsumptionB.ResourcedepletionC.TransportationefficiencyD.Governmentpolicies13.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofrenewableenergy?A.ItwillremainstagnantwithoutinnovationB.ItwillrelyheavilyonfossilfuelsC.ItwilladvanceifbatterychallengesareaddressedD.ItwillfacenosignificantobstaclesPassage2(5题，10分):TheCOVID-19pandemicexposedvulnerabilitiesinglobalsupplychains,promptingbusinessestoreevaluatetheirrelianceonjust-in-time(JIT)inventorysystems.Manycompanies,particularlyintheautomotiveandelectronicssectors,discoveredthatover-relianceonleanmanufacturingcouldleadtodisruptionswhendemandsurgedorwhenlockdownshaltedproduction.Inresponse,firmsareadoptinghybridmodelsthatcombineJITwithsafetystockstrategies.Forinstance,Toyota,apioneerofJIT,hasincreaseditsbufferinventoryincriticalcomponentstomitigatefuturerisks.Similarly,ApplehasexpandeditsmanufacturingfootprintbeyondChinatodiversifyitssupplybase.Thepandemicalsohighlightedtheimportanceofdigitalsupplychainmanagement.TechnologiessuchasblockchainandIoT(InternetofThings)arebeingusedtoenhancetransparencyandreal-timetracking.Thesetoolsallowcompaniestomonitorshipmentsandpredictpotentialdelays,reducingtheimpactofunforeseenevents.However,digitalizationisnotwithoutitschallenges.Smallandmedium-sizedenterprises(SMEs)oftenlacktheresourcestoimplementadvancedtechnologies.Governmentsandindustryconsortiaaresteppingintoprovidetrainingandfundingtobridgethisgap.Lookingahead,thenextgenerationofsupplychainswilllikelybemoreresilient,flexible,andsustainable.Thefocuswillshiftfromcostefficiencyalonetoholisticriskmanagement,ensuringbusinessescanwithstandfuturecrises.Questions:14.Whatwasamajorconsequenceofthepandemicforglobalsupplychains?A.IncreasedefficiencyB.ReducedcostsC.GreaterdisruptionsD.Enhancedreliability15.Whichcompanyismentionedasdiversifyingitsmanufacturinglocations?A.TeslaB.MicrosoftC.AppleD.Samsung16.Whattechnologyisbeingusedtoimprovesupplychaintransparency?A.5GnetworksB.BlockchainC.ArtificialintelligenceD.Cloudcomputing17.WhydoSMEsstrugglewithdigitalsupplychainmanagement?A.TheylackexpertiseB.TheyhaveexcessiveinventoryC.TheyprefertraditionalmethodsD.Theyhavetoomanysuppliers18.Whatwillbeakeyfocusforfuturesupplychains?A.SpeedandagilityB.CostreductionC.RiskmitigationD.TechnologicalinnovationPassage3(5题，10分):Urbanizationhastransformedcitiesintohubsofinnovationandeconomicactivity.However,rapidurbangrowthoftenleadstochallengessuchastrafficcongestion,housingshortages,andpollution.Toaddresstheseissues,citieslikeSingaporeandCuritibahaveimplementedsmarturbanplanningstrategies.Oneinnovativeapproachisthedevelopmentofverticalfarms,whichusehydroponicsandcontrolledenvironmentstogrowfoodlocally.Thesefarmsreducethecarbonfootprintassociatedwithtraditionalagriculturebyeliminatingtheneedfortransportation.Theyalsocreatejobsandfoodsecurityindenselypopulatedareas.Forexample,AeroFarmsinNewJerseyproducesover2millionpoundsofgreensannuallyusingjust3acresofland.Anothersolutionistheintegrationofpublictransportationsystems.CitieslikeTokyoandSeoulhaveexpandedtheirsubwaynetworksandbike-sharingprogramstoreducerelianceonprivatevehicles.Theseinitiativesnotonlyeasetrafficbutalsoimproveairquality.TheEuropeanUnion’sGreenDealincludesambitioustargetsforurbanmobility,aimingtocutemissionsfromtransportby90%by2050.Despitetheseadvancements,urbanplanningfacespoliticalandfinancialhurdles.NIMBYism(NotInMyBackyard)oftenstallsprojectsthatcouldbenefitentirecommunities.Forinstance,theproposedHigh-SpeedRailintheU.S.hasfacedoppositionfromlocalresidentsconcernedaboutpropertyvaluesandenvironmentalimpact.However,asclimatechangeintensifies,citiesmustprioritizesustainabledevelopment.Thesuccessofurbanplanningwilldependonbalancingeconomicgrowthwithenvironmentalstewardship.Questions:19.Whatisaprimarybenefitofverticalfarms?A.LoweryieldsthantraditionalfarmingB.ReducedtransportationemissionsC.HigherwaterusageD.Limitedjobcreation20.WhyhastheHigh-SpeedRailprojectintheU.S.facedopposition?A.ItlacksfundingB.ItwoulddisplacecommunitiesC.ItistechnologicallyunfeasibleD.ItwouldharmlocalbusinessesPassage4(5题，10分):Theglobaltourismindustryhasbeenrecoveringfromthepandemic,butitsfutureisshapedbyevolvingconsumerpreferencesandsustainabilityconcerns.MillennialsandGenZtravelersincreasinglyprioritizeexperiencesovermaterialpossessions,favoringactivitieslikeadventuretourismandculturalimmersion.Inresponse,destinationsarediversifyingtheirofferings.CitieslikeBarcelonaandKyotohavelaunchedprogramstopromotelocaltraditions,suchascookingclassesandhistoricwalkingtours.Theseinitiativesnotonlyattracttouristsbutalsosupportsmallbusinesses.Forexample,the“SlowFood”movementinItalyhasboostedruraleconomiesbyencouragingfarm-to-tabledining.However,tourismalsohasnegativeimpacts.OvercrowdinginpopulardestinationslikeMachuPicchuandtheGreatBarrierReefhasledtoenvironmentaldegradation.Tomitigatethis,someregionshaveimplementedvisitorcapsandentryfees.TheMaldives,forinstance,hasintroducedalevyontouriststofundcoralreefconservation.Technologyisplayingaroleinsustainabletourismaswell.Virtualrealitytoursallowtravelerstoexperiencedestinationswithoutphysicallyvisitingthem,reducingcarbonemissions.Additionally,blockchain-basedplatformsarebeingusedtoensurethattourismrevenuebenefitslocalcommunitiesfairly.Theindustry’ssuccesswilldependonitsabilitytoadapttothesetrends.Byblendinginnovationwithresponsibility,tourismcanthrivewhilepreservingtheenvironmentsandculturesitaimstoshowcase.Questions:21.Whatisakeytrendinmoderntravel?A.MorebusinesstripsB.GreaterfocusonmaterialismC.EmphasisonexperiencesD.Decreasedtravelfrequency22.Whydosomedestinationslimittouristnumbers?A.ToincreaserevenueB.ToprotecttheenvironmentC.ToattractmorevisitorsD.Toimproveinfrastructure23.HowisVRtechnologychangingtourism?A.ItisreplacingtraditionaltravelB.ItreducescarbonfootprintsC.ItincreasestravelcostsD.Itisonlyusedforluxurytrips24.Whatisagoalofblockchainintourism?A.ToenhancesecurityB.TotrackluggageC.ToensurefairrevenuedistributionD.Topromoteautomation25.Whatwillbecrucialforthefutureoftourism?A.ExpandinghotelchainsB.PrioritizingsustainabilityC.IncreasingtravelrestrictionsD.Focusingonadventuretourism第三部分：翻译说明：本部分共2题，每题10分，共20分。26.随着人工智能技术的快速发展，其在医疗领域的应用前景日益广阔。例如，AI辅助诊断系统可以帮助医生更准确地识别疾病，而机器人手术则能够提高手术的精确度和安全性。然而，这些技术的普及也引发了一些伦理问题，如患者隐私保护和医疗数据安全。因此，各国政府需要制定相应的法规，以确保人工智能在医疗领域的健康发展。27.全球化背景下，跨国企业面临着前所未有的机遇与挑战。一方面，它们可以通过全球供应链整合资源、降低成本；另一方面，地缘政治风险和文化差异也可能导致运营困难。为了应对这些挑战，企业需要加强风险管理能力，同时注重本地化战略，以更好地适应当地市场需求。例如，星巴克在亚洲市场的成功，很大程度上得益于其对当地文化的深入理解和灵活的运营模式。第四部分：写作说明：本部分共1题，共15分。Writeanessayof150-200wordsonthetopic:"TheRoleofArtificialIntelligenceinEducation"Considerthefollowingpointsinyouressay:-HowAIcanpersonalizelearningexperiences-ThepotentialchallengesofAIineducation-YourstanceonthefutureofAIinthefield答案及解析第一部分：英语知识运用（完形填空）1.A.replace(ThecontextdiscussesjobdisplacementduetoAI.)2.A.unleash(Meaning"torelease"potentialalignswiththeideaofAIenhancinghumanabilities.)3.A.imposed(Regulationsarebeingintroduced,so"imposed"fits.)4.B.promising(TheintegrationofAIinhealthcareisdescribedaspositive.)5.B.development(TheethicalconcernsaretiedtohowAIisdeveloped.)6.D.maximized(Thegoalistoensurewidespreadbenefits.)7.A.successful(TrialsinSingaporearementionedaspositive.)8.A.recognizes(Meaning"toacknowledge"potentialalignswiththepassage.)第二部分：阅读理解9.B.Intermittencyofsources(Thepassagehighlightsthechallengeofrenewableenergybeinginconsistent.)10.C.Lead-acid(Notmentionedinthepassage.)11.B.Thecostistoohigh(Developingnationsstrugglewithaffordability.)12.B.Resourcedepletion(Lithiumandcobaltextractionareethicalconcerns.)13.C.Itwilladvanceifbatterychallengesareaddressed(Thepassagesuggestsprogresshingesonovercomingobstacles.)14.C.Greaterdisruptions(Thepandemicexposedsupplychainweaknesses.)15.C.Apple(ThepassagementionsApplediversifyingitsmanufacturing.)16.B.Blockchain(Usedfortransparency,asstated.)17.A.Theylackexpertise(SMEsstrugglewithdigitaltoolsduetolimitedresources.)18.C.Riskmitigation(Futuresupplychainswillfocusonresilience.)19.B.Reducedtransportationemissions(Verticalfarmscutcarbonfootprint.)20.B.Itwoulddisplacecommunities(NIMBYismisthereasonforopposition.)21.C.Emphasisonexperiences(Moderntravelersprioritizeexperiences.)22.B.Toprotecttheenvironment(Overcrowdingharmsnaturalsites.)23.B.Itreducescarbonfootprints(VRtraveliseco-friendly.)24.C.Toensurefairrevenuedistribution(Blockchainpromotestransparencyinprofits.)25.B.Prioritizingsustainability(Thefuturerequiresbalancinggrowthwitheco-friendliness.)第三部分：翻译26.Withtherapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnology,itsapplicationprospectsinthemedicalfieldarebecomingincreasinglybroad.Forexample,AI-assisteddiagnosticsystemscanhelpdoctorsidentifydiseasesmoreaccurately,whileroboticsurgerycanimprovetheprecisionandsafetyofoperations.However,thepopularizationofthesetechnologiesalsoraisessomeethicalissues,suchaspatientprivacyprotectionandmedicaldatasecurity.Therefore,governmentsaroundtheworldneedtoformulatecorrespondingregulationstoensurethehealthydevelopmentofartificialintelligencein