2026年中考英语专题复习讲义-名词性从句

中考英语专题复习讲义——名词性从句一、名词性从句基本概念

●核心定义：在句中起名词作用的从句，包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

●连接词分类：陈述句：that（无实义）一般疑问句：whether/if（是否）特殊疑问句：what/when/where等（保留原意）

●语序原则：从句永远用陈述语序。

●速记口诀：名从四类功能同，连接三系语序通二、主语从句连接词选择

●典型例题：______hepassedtheexamsurprisedusall.

A.WhatB.ThatC.IfD.When

答案：B（陈述事实用that）______willwinisstillunknown.

A.WhoB.WhomC.WhatD.That

答案：A（疑问代词作主语）

●举一反三：______sheleftearlyisamystery.(Why)______themeetingstartsmatterslittle.(When)______hesaidconfusedeveryone.(What)三、宾语从句时态呼应

●规则要点：主句过去时，从句需用对应过去时态。例外：客观真理/科学事实保持一般现在时。

●典型例题：Hebelievedthathe______thetask.

A.finishesB.finishedC.willfinishD.hasfinished

答案：B（主句believed为过去时）Welearnedthatwater______at100°C.

A.boilsB.boiledC.willboilD.isboiling

答案：A（客观真理）

●举一反三：Shethoughtshe______thekey.(hadlost)Theyknewtheearth______aroundthesun.(revolves)Hepromisedhe______mesoon.(wouldcall)四、whether与if的区别

●使用场景：介词后只用whether与ornot连用只用whether主语从句首句只用whether

●典型例题：Iwonder______weshouldgo.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.what

答案：A（可与ornot连用）______heagreesdoesn’tmatter.

A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What

答案：B（主语从句句首）

●举一反三：Itdependson______itrains.(whether)Askher______sheneedshelp.(if)______toacceptisyourchoice.(Whether)五、that省略规则

●可省略场景：宾语从句中作动词宾语宾语从句中作形容词宾语

●不可省略场景：主语从句表语从句同位语从句

●典型例题：Ithink______youareright.

A./B.thatC.whetherD.if

答案：A（动词宾语可省）Thefact______hesucceededinspiredus.

A./B.thatC.whatD.which

答案：B（同位语从句不可省）

●举一反三：Shesaid______shewouldcome.(/)Theidea______wecooperateisgood.(that)It’sclear______helied.(that)六、表语从句位置

●固定结构：系动词（be/seem等）+连接词+从句

●特殊注意：because不可引导表语从句

●典型例题：Thequestionis______wecanfinish.

A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.because

答案：C（系动词后接whether）Hissuggestionwas______weholdameeting.

A.becauseB.whatC.thatD.if

答案：C（建议内容用that）

●举一反三：Thetroubleis______welacktime.(that)Mydoubtis______itistrue.(whether)Thereasonis______heoverslept.(that)七、what的特殊用法

●功能特点：保留疑问含义（什么）表示“所…的事物”（=thethingwhich）

●典型例题：______heneedsismorepractice.

A.ThatB.IfC.WhatD.Whether

答案：C（=thethingwhich）Doyouknow______happenedyesterday?

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

答案：B（疑问含义）

●举一反三：______yousaidshockedme.(What)Iremember______shewore.(what)______impresseduswashiscourage.(What)八、同位语从句定位

●识别标志：紧跟抽象名词（fact/idea/news等）用that说明名词具体内容（不可用which）

●典型例题：Thenews______hewonspreadquickly.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.if

答案：B（news后同位语）Weheardthestory______hesavedachild.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.if

答案：B（story后同位语）

●举一反三：Theevidence______hewasinnocent.(that)Herbelief______hardworkpaysoff.(that)Themessage______themeetingwascanceled.(that)九、疑问词+ever引导名从

●功能转变：whoever=anyonewhowhatever=anythingthat

●典型例题：______comesfirstwillgetaprize.

A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.What

答案：B（=anyonewho）Youcantake______youwant.

A.thatB.whateverC.whichD.whichever

答案：B（=anythingthat）

●举一反三：______winswillberecorded.(Whoever)Sheeats______shelikes.(whatever)______hesaidwasignored.(Whatever)十、从句中的虚拟语气

●适用场景：建议/要求类动词后（suggest/insist等）

●结构：(should)+动词原形

●典型例题：HeinsistedthatI______present.

A.amB.wasC.beD.wouldbe

答案：C（should省略）Wesuggestthatthemeeting______postponed.

A.isB.wasC.beD.willbe

答案：C（虚拟语气）

●举一反三：Thedoctorrecommendedthathe______rest.(shouldtake)Theydemandedthatthework______finished.(be)It’snecessarythateveryone______ontime.(be)十一、主从句时态协调

●复合时态规则：主句现在时→从句根据需要时态主句过去时→从句用对应过去时

●典型例题：Hesaysthathe______theanswer.

A.knowsB.knewC.willknowD.hadknown

答案：A（主句现在时）Sherealizedthatshe______amistake.

A.makesB.madeC.hadmadeD.hasmade

答案：C（过去完成时表更早发生）

●举一反三：Ithoughtyou______home.(were)Theyseethatit______difficult.(is)Headmittedhe______thewindow.(hadbroken)十二、宾语从句位置

●灵活位置：动词后：Iknowthat...形容词后：I’msurethat...介词后（限whether）：Itdependsonwhether...

●典型例题：Weareconfident______wewillsucceed.

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.how

答案：A（形容词后接that）Payattentionto______theteachersays.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how

答案：B（介词后接疑问词）

●举一反三：Sheisaware______it’srisky.(that)Itledto______happenednext.(what)Hecaresabout______youthink.(what)十三、名词性从句简化

●转化技巧：主语从句→不定式/动名词宾语从句→疑问词+不定式

●典型例题：______togoisstilldebated.

A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.What

答案：B（whethertogo=whetherweshouldgo）Idon’tknow______tochoose.

A.whatB.thatC.ifD.whether

答案：A（whattochoose=whatIshouldchoose）

●举一反三：______isimportant.(Whattodo)Hetaughtme______theproblem.(howtosolve)______surprisedus.(Hiswinning)十四、双重疑问句

●结构特征：特殊疑问词+doyouthink+陈述语序

●语序重点：doyouthink后接正常陈述句

●典型例题：______doyouthinkwillwin?

A.WhoB.WhomC.WhatD.That

答案：A（who作主语）______didhesaywasthecause?

A.WhoB.WhatC.ThatD.If

答案：B（what作主语）

●举一反三：______shouldwebelieve?(Who)______didtheyfindatthescene?(What)______doyousuggestweinvite?(Who)十五、名从与定从区别

●核心差异：名从：补充名词内容（无先行词）定从：修饰名词（含先行词）

●典型例题：______hesaidwasimportant.

A.WhatB.ThatC.ThethingD.Which

答案：A（what引导主语从句）Thebook______yourecommendedisgreat.

A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.how

答案：B（that引导定语从句修饰book）

●举一反三：______happenedshockedus.(What)Thenews______youheardistrue.(that)______shewantsisunknown.(What)名词性从句闯关训练从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。1.______hedidn’tattendsurprisedus.

A.WhatB.ThatC.IfD.Why2.Wediscussed______weshouldinvest.

A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if3.Theteacherexplained______themoonmoves.

A.whatB.thatC.howD.if4.Myopinionis______weneedchange.

A.becauseB.whatC.thatD.which5.Theybelieved______theprojectwasfeasible.

A.thatB.ifC.whatD.how6.______shewillagreeremainsunclear.

A.IfB.ThatC.WhetherD.What7.Idoubt______hetoldthetruth.

A.thatB.ifC.whatD.how8.Therumor______heresignedspreadfast.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.if9.______winswillgetthetrophy.

A.WhoB.WhoeverC.AnyoneD.What10.HeinsistedthatI______responsible.

A.amB.wasC.beD.wouldbe11.Sherealized______shehadforg