2026年研究生英语水平测试阅读理解与词汇运用题集

2026年研究生英语水平测试阅读理解与词汇运用题集第一部分：阅读理解（共5题，每题2分，总分10分）题型说明：根据文章内容，选择最符合题意的选项。Passage1(2分/题×5题)主题：数字经济下的城市治理创新背景：随着人工智能、大数据等技术的快速发展，全球各大城市积极探索数字化治理模式，以提升公共服务效率和市民生活品质。然而，数据隐私、技术鸿沟等问题也亟待解决。Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?A.Tocriticizethenegativeimpactsofdigitalgovernance.B.Tohighlightthepotentialoftechnologyinurbanmanagement.C.Toargueforacompleterejectionofdigitaltoolsincities.D.Toproposeaone-size-fits-allsolutionforurbandevelopment.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatchallengedoesdigitalgovernanceface?A.Lackofgovernmentfunding.B.Insufficienttechnologicalinfrastructure.C.Privacyconcernsanddigitaldivide.D.Resistancefromlocalresidents.3.Theword"ambitious"(Paragraph2)isclosestinmeaningto:A.CautiousB.CarefulC.AmbitiousD.Deliberate4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Digitalgovernancecanreducebureaucraticinefficiency.B.AI-poweredsystemsimproveemergencyresponsetimes.C.Allcitiesshouldadoptthesamedigitalstrategies.D.Datasecurityremainsasignificantconcern.5.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthefutureofurbangovernance?A.Itwillbecomeentirelyautomated.B.Itwillrequireabalancebetweentechnologyandhumanjudgment.C.Itwillfocusonlyoneconomicgrowth.D.Itwillignoresocialequityissues.第二部分：词汇运用（共10题，每题1分，总分10分）题型说明：选择最适合填入空格的单词。Passage2(1分/题×10题)主题：可持续发展与绿色经济转型Theglobaleconomyisfacinganunprecedentedshifttowardsustainability.Companiesthatfailtoembraceeco-friendlypracticesrisklosingcompetitiveadvantage.Governmentsareimplementingstricterregulationstocurbcarbonemissions,forcingindustriestorevamptheirproductionmethods.Whilesomearguethiswillstifleinnovation,othersbelieveitwillpavethewayforacleanerfuture.Questions:1.shiftA.transitionB.declineC.stagnationD.collapse2.embraceA.rejectB.adoptC.opposeD.ignore3.advantageA.disadvantageB.benefitC.costD.loss4.implementingA.delayingB.enforcingC.neglectingD.postponing5.curbA.increaseB.reduceC.expandD.maintain6.revampA.preserveB.modernizeC.abandonD.simplify7.stifleA.encourageB.promoteC.suppressD.support8.pavethewayA.blockthepathB.cleartheobstaclesC.createopportunitiesD.hinderprogress9.unprecedentedA.commonB.rareC.expectedD.predictable10.competitiveA.cooperativeB.unfairC.innovativeD.rival第三部分：阅读理解（共5题，每题2分，总分10分）题型说明：根据文章内容，选择最符合题意的选项。Passage3(2分/题×5题)主题：乡村振兴与农业现代化China’sruralareashaveseensignificantchangesinrecentyears.Thegovernmenthaslaunchedprogramstoboostagriculturalproductivitythroughtechnology.Solar-poweredirrigationsystemsandprecisionfarminghavetransformedtraditionalfarmingpractices.However,challengessuchasagingpopulationsandbraindrainremain.Expertssuggestthatcombiningtraditionalknowledgewithmoderntechniquescouldrevitalizeruraleconomies.Questions:1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.ThedeclineofruralpopulationsinChina.B.Thegovernment’seffortstomodernizeagriculture.C.Thenegativeeffectsoftechnologyonfarming.D.Theneedforrural-urbanmigration.2.Theword"transformed"(Paragraph2)isclosestinmeaningto:A.ImprovedB.DestroyedC.ModernizedD.Neglected3."Launched"inthefirstsentenceisclosestto:A.IgnoredB.ImplementedC.AbandonedD.Delayed4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajorchallengeinruralareas?A.Highgovernmentsubsidies.B.Agingpopulationsandtalentshortage.C.Abundantfarmland.D.Overuseofchemicalfertilizers.5.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestforthefutureofruraldevelopment?A.Relyingsolelyonmoderntechnology.B.Preservingtraditionalfarmingmethods.C.Integratingtraditionalwisdomwithinnovation.D.Increasingrural-urbanpopulationflow.第四部分：词汇运用（共10题，每题1分，总分10分）题型说明：选择最适合填入空格的单词。Passage4(1分/题×10题)主题：文化遗产保护与旅游业的平衡Culturalheritagesitesarevitaltoanation’sidentity.However,uncontrolledtourismcandamagethesetreasures.Strikingabalancebetweenpreservationandeconomicbenefitsiscrucial.Someregionshaveintroducedvisitorlimits,whileothersrelyonreinforcinghistoricalstructures.Despitetheseefforts,manysitesstillfaceinsurmountablechallenges.Questions:1.vitalA.unnecessaryB.irrelevantC.essentialD.optional2.damageA.preserveB.enhanceC.degradeD.restore3.crucialA.unimportantB.optionalC.essentialD.avoidable4.introducedA.removedB.implementedC.ignoredD.rejected5.reinforcingA.weakeningB.strengtheningC.dismantlingD.neglecting6.insurmountableA.smallB.manageableC.overwhelmingD.trivial7.identityA.economyB.cultureC.conflictD.diversity8.benefitsA.costsB.profitsC.lossesD.damages9.regionsA.citiesB.countriesC.areasD.nations10.uncontrolledA.regulatedB.plannedC.spontaneousD.managed答案与解析阅读理解答案与解析Passage11.B-Thepassagediscusseshowtechnologyimprovesurbanmanagement,makingBthecorrectanswer.2.C-Privacyconcernsandthedigitaldividearementionedaschallenges.3.C-"Ambitious"meanshavinghighgoals;thecontextsupportsthismeaning.4.C-Thepassagedoesnotsuggestallcitiesshouldusethesamestrategies.5.B-Theauthorimpliesabalancedapproachisneeded.Passage31.B-Thepassagefocusesongovernmenteffortstomodernizeagriculture.2.C-"Transformed"meansmodernizedorchangedsignificantly.3.B-"Launched"meansimplementedorstarted.4.B-Agingpopulationsandtalentshortagearekeychallenges.5.C-Theauthorsuggestscombiningtraditionwithinnovation.词汇运用答案与解析Passage21.A(transition)-"Shift"meansachangeortransition.2.B(adopt)-"Embrace"meanstoadoptorsupport.3.B(benefit)-"Advantage"meansabenefit.4.B(enforcing)-"Implementing"meansenforcingorputtingintoeffect.5.B(reduce)-"Curb"meanstoreduceorcontrol.6.B(modernize)-"Revamp"meanstomodernizeorimprove.7.C(suppress)-"Stifle"meanstosuppressorhinder.8.C(createopportunities)-"Pavetheway"meanstocreateopportunities.9.B(rare)-"Unprecedented"meansrareorunique.10.D(riv