初中英语核心词汇含音标及用法

初中英语核心词汇含音标及用法在初中阶段的英语学习中，词汇是构建语言大厦的基石。掌握核心词汇，不仅能帮助我们理解阅读材料、听懂对话，更能让我们在写作和口语表达中言之有物。这份核心词汇表，我们精选了初中阶段必须掌握的常用词，包含音标、词性、基础释义及关键用法点拨，希望能成为同学们攻克词汇难关的得力助手。请记住，词汇的学习并非一蹴而就，需要在语境中理解，在运用中巩固。一、名词(Nouns)名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。1.school/skuːl/n.学校*用法点睛：指进行教育的机构。*例：IgotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.2.student/ˈstjuːdnt/n.学生*用法点睛：指在学校学习的人。*例：Sheisagoodstudent.3.teacher/ˈtiːtʃə(r)/n.教师*用法点睛：指从事教学工作的人。*例：MyEnglishteacherisverykind.4.book/bʊk/n.书*用法点睛：指印刷的读物。*例：Ihaveanewbook.5.time/taɪm/n.时间；次数*用法点睛：表示时间时不可数；表示次数时可数。*例：Whattimeisit?(时间)Ireadthebookthreetimes.(次数)6.friend/frend/n.朋友*用法点睛：可数名词，复数为friends。*例：Heismybestfriend.7.family/ˈfæməli/n.家庭；家人*用法点睛：作为整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；强调家庭成员时，谓语动词用复数。*例：Myfamilyisbig.(家庭)MyfamilyarewatchingTV.(家人)8.home/həʊm/n.家；adv.在家*用法点睛：指一个人出生或居住的地方，带有感情色彩。gohome(adv.)，不说gotohome。*例：Iwanttogohome.9.city/ˈsɪti/n.城市*例：Shanghaiisabigcity.10.country/ˈkʌntri/n.国家；乡村*例：Chinaisagreatcountry.(国家)Helivesinthecountry.(乡村)11.food/fuːd/n.食物*用法点睛：通常为不可数名词。*例：Weneedfoodandwatertolive.12.water/ˈwɔːtə(r)/n.水；v.浇水*例：Drinkmorewater.(n.)Iwatertheflowerseveryday.(v.)13.air/eə(r)/n.空气*用法点睛：不可数名词。*例：Wecan'tlivewithoutair.14.life/laɪf/n.生活；生命(pl.lives/laɪvz/)*例：Ourlifeisgettingbetter.(生活)Catshaveninelives.(生命，复数)15.work/wɜːk/n.工作；v.工作*用法点睛：作名词“工作”时不可数；作动词时表示从事某项职业或任务。*例：Hehasalotofworktodo.(n.)Sheworksinahospital.(v.)16.study/ˈstʌdi/v.学习；研究；n.学习；书房*例：IstudyEnglisheveryday.(v.)Heisinhisstudy.(n.书房)17.problem/ˈprɒbləm/n.问题；难题*用法点睛：指需要解决的难题或麻烦。*例：Wehavetosolvethisproblem.18.question/ˈkwestʃən/n.问题；v.询问*用法点睛：指需要回答的问题。*例：MayIaskyouaquestion?(n.)Hequestionedmydecision.(v.)19.answer/ˈɑːnsə(r)/v.回答；n.答案*例：Pleaseanswermyquestion.(v.)Idon'tknowtheanswer.(n.)20.idea/aɪˈdɪə/n.主意；想法*例：That'sagoodidea!二、动词(Verbs)动词是表示动作或状态的词，是句子的核心。1.be/biː/(am,is,are,was,were,been)v.是；存在；成为*用法点睛：系动词，后接表语（名词、形容词、介词短语等）。*例：Iamastudent.(现在时)Shewashappyyesterday.(过去时)2.do/duː,də/(does,did,done)v.做；干；助动词（无实义，用于构成疑问句、否定句等）*例：Whatdoyoudo?(实义动词，做)Doyoulikeapples?(助动词)3.make/meɪk/(made,made)v.制作；使；让*用法点睛：常用结构makesb.dosth.(让某人做某事),makesth.+adj.(使某物怎么样)。*例：Mymothermakesacake.Hemademelaugh.4.have/hæv,həv/(has,had,had)v.有；吃；进行（活动）*例：Ihaveapen.Wehavelunchattwelve.Theyhaveameeting.5.take/teɪk/(took,taken)v.拿；取；带走；花费（时间）*用法点睛：常用结构Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.(做某事花费某人多长时间)。*例：Pleasetakethebooktohim.Ittakesmeanhourtodomyhomework.6.go/ɡəʊ/(went,gone)v.去；走*例：Let'sgotothepark.Hegoestoschoolbybike.8.see/siː/(saw,seen)v.看见；明白*例：Icanseeabird.Oh,Isee!(我明白了)9.look/lʊk/v.看；看起来*用法点睛：不及物动词，后接宾语需加介词at；作系动词时后接形容词。*例：Lookattheblackboard.(看)Shelookshappy.(看起来)10.watch/wɒtʃ/v.观看；注视*例：IwatchTVintheevening.Hewatchesthegame.11.listen/ˈlɪsn/v.听*用法点睛：不及物动词，后接宾语需加介词to。*例：Listentomecarefully.12.hear/hɪə(r)/v.听见*例：Icanhearyou.13.say/seɪ/(said,said)v.说（内容）*例：Hesays"Hello"tome.Whatdidyousay?14.speak/spiːk/(spoke,spoken)v.说（语言）；讲话*例：ShespeaksEnglishwell.MayIspeaktoTom?15.tell/tel/(told,told)v.告诉；讲述*用法点睛：常用结构tellsb.sth.或tellsth.tosb.(告诉某人某事)。*例：Pleasetellmeastory.Hetoldthenewstoeveryone.16.talk/tɔːk/v.谈话；交谈*用法点睛：不及物动词，常与to/with(和某人谈)或about(谈论某事)连用。*例：Theyaretalkingaboutthefilm.Italkwithmyfriendeveryday.17.think/θɪŋk/(thought,thought)v.想；认为；思考*例：Whatdoyouthink?Ithinkheisright.18.know/nəʊ/(knew,known)v.知道；认识；了解*例：Iknowhisname.Doyouknowhim?19.learn/lɜːn/v.学习；学会*例：WelearnEnglishatschool.Shelearnstoswim.20.want/wɒnt/v.想要*用法点睛：后接名词或动词不定式todosth.*例：Iwantanapple.Hewantstogohome.21.like/laɪk/v.喜欢；prep.像*例：Ilikecats.(v.)Helookslikehisfather.(prep.)22.love/lʌv/v.爱；热爱*例：Ilovemyparents.Shelovesreading.23.hate/heɪt/v.讨厌；憎恨*例：Ihaterainydays.24.need/niːd/v.需要*例：Weneedmorehelp.Youneedtostudyhard.25.get/ɡet/(got,got/gotten)v.得到；变得；到达*例：Igetapresent.Theweathergetscold.Whenwillyougetthere?26.give/ɡɪv/(gave,given)v.给*用法点睛：常用结构givesb.sth.或givesth.tosb.(给某人某物)。*例：Pleasegivemethebook.Hegivesapentoher.27.find/faɪnd/(found,found)v.找到；发现*例：Ican'tfindmykey.Wefoundhiminthepark.28.help/help/v.&n.帮助*用法点睛：常用结构helpsb.(to)dosth.(帮助某人做某事)。*例：Canyouhelpme?(v.)Thankyouforyourhelp.(n.)三、形容词(Adjectives)形容词用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。1.good/ɡʊd/(better,best)adj.好的*例：Sheisagoodgirl.Thisisagoodidea.2.bad/bæd/(worse,worst)adj.坏的；不好的*例：It'sabadhabit.Theweatherisbadtoday.3.big/bɪɡ/adj.大的*例：abighouse4.small/smɔːl/adj.小的*例：asmallcat5.happy/ˈhæpi/adj.快乐的；幸福的*例：Helookshappy.6.sad/sæd/adj.悲伤的*例：Sheissadbecauseshelostherdog.7.new/njuː/adj.新的*例：anewbook8.old/əʊld/adj.旧的；老的*例：anoldmananoldcoat9.young/jʌŋ/adj.年轻的*例：ayoungteacher10.right/raɪt/adj.正确的；右边的*例：Youareright.Thebankisontheright.11.wrong/rɒŋ/adj.错误的*例：That'swrong.12.easy/ˈiːzi/adj.容易的*例：Thisquestioniseasy.13.difficult/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/adj.困难的*例：Englishisdifficultforme.14.important/ɪmˈpɔːtnt/adj.重要的*例：It'simportanttolearnEnglish.15.interesting/ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/adj.有趣的*例：aninterestingstory16.beautiful/ˈbjuːtɪfl/adj.美丽的*例：abeautifulflower17.different/ˈdɪfrənt/adj.不同的*用法点睛：常与from连用，表示“与……不同”。*例：Mybookisdifferentfromyours.18.same/seɪm/adj.相同的*用法点睛：前面通常加定冠词the。*例：Weareinthesameclass.19.many/ˈmeni/adj.许多的(修饰可数名词复数)*例：manybooksmanystudents20.much/mʌtʃ/adj.许多的(修饰不可数名词)；adv.非常*例：muchwater(adj.)Thankyouverymuch.(adv.)21.some/sʌm/adj.一些(用于肯定句或表示请求、建议的疑问句)*例：Ihavesomebooks.Wouldyoulikesometea?22.any/ˈeni/adj.一些(用于否定句或疑问句)；任何的*例：Idon'thaveanymoney.Doyouhaveanyquestions?23.no/nəʊ/adj.没有；不是*例：Thereisnowaterinthebottle.Nosmoking.24.all/ɔːl/adj.全部的；所有的*例：allthestudentsIlikeallofthem.25.few/fjuː/adj.很少的；几乎没有的(修饰可数名词复数，表否定)*例：Hehasfewfriendshere.26.littl