2026年研究生入学英语考试阅读理解题目

2026年研究生入学英语考试阅读理解题目PartA:MultipleChoice(多项选择题)共20题，每题2分，共40分Passage1Title:TheFutureofRenewableEnergyinSoutheastAsia(东南亚可再生能源的未来)TheSoutheastAsianregionispoisedtobecomeagloballeaderinrenewableenergyadoption,drivenbyrapideconomicgrowthandincreasingenvironmentalconcerns.CountrieslikeVietnam,Indonesia,andthePhilippineshavesetambitioustargetstoreducecarbonemissionsby2030.Solarandwindenergyprojectsarebooming,withinvestmentsfrombothdomesticandinternationalfirms.However,challengesremain,includinggridinfrastructurelimitationsandpolicyinconsistencies.ArecentreportbytheAsianDevelopmentBankhighlightsthatwithoutsignificantreforms,theregionmayfallshortofitsrenewableenergygoals.Governmentsarenowfocusingonimprovingenergystoragesolutionsandfosteringpublic-privatepartnershipstoacceleratethetransition.1.Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A)TheeconomicbenefitsofrenewableenergyinSoutheastAsia.B)ThechallengesfacedbySoutheastAsiancountriesinachievingrenewableenergytargets.C)TheroleofinternationalinvestmentsinSoutheastAsia’senergysector.D)Thefutureprospectsofsolarandwindenergyintheregion.(2分)2.Accordingtothepassage,whichcountryismentionedashavingambitiousrenewableenergytargets?A)SingaporeB)ThailandC)VietnamD)Malaysia(2分)3.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestasamajorobstacletoachievingrenewableenergygoalsinSoutheastAsia?A)LackofinvestmentB)InsufficientgovernmentsupportC)GridinfrastructurelimitationsD)Publicresistancetorenewableenergyprojects(2分)4.WhatistheAsianDevelopmentBank’sconcernregardingSoutheastAsia’srenewableenergyefforts?A)Theregionisspendingtoomuchonrenewableenergyprojects.B)Theregionmaynotmeetitscarbonemissionreductiontargets.C)Renewableenergyprojectsarenotgeneratingenoughrevenue.D)Theregionlacksskilledworkersforrenewableenergydevelopment.(2分)5.Whatmeasuresaregovernmentstakingtoboostrenewableenergyadoption?A)Increasingsubsidiesforfossilfuelindustries.B)Improvingenergystoragesolutionsandfosteringpartnerships.C)Encouragingrelianceontraditionalenergysources.D)Reducingforeigninvestmentsintheenergysector.(2分)Passage2Title:TheImpactofRemoteWorkonUrbanEconomiesinChina(远程工作对中国城市经济的影响)TheCOVID-19pandemicacceleratedtheadoptionofremoteworkinChina,withmajortechcompanieslikeTencentandAlibabapromotingwork-from-homepolicies.Thisshifthashadprofoundeffectsonurbaneconomies,particularlyincitieslikeShenzhen,Beijing,andShanghai.Ononehand,remoteworkhasreducedcommutingcostsforemployeesanddecreasedofficespacedemand,leadingtolowerrentpricesincommercialdistricts.Ontheotherhand,ithasnegativelyimpactedsmallbusinessesthatrelyonfoottraffic,suchascafesandretailstores.AstudybytheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesfoundthatwhileremoteworkbenefitstechworkers,itexacerbatesincomeinequalityinurbanareas.Policymakersarenowexploringwaystosupportaffectedbusinessesandencouragehybridworkmodelstobalanceeconomicgrowthandsocialstability.6.WhatistheprimarycauseofthechangesinurbaneconomiesduetoremoteworkinChina?A)Increasedgovernmentspendingoninfrastructure.B)Theshifttoremoteworkbymajortechcompanies.C)Adeclineintourismandtravel.D)Theclosureoftraditionalofficespaces.(2分)7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapositiveeffectofremoteworkonemployees?A)HighersalariesB)ReducedcommutingcostsC)MorejobopportunitiesD)Increasedofficesocialinteractions(2分)8.WhathasbeenthemainchallengeforsmallbusinessesincitieslikeShenzhenandBeijingduetoremotework?A)RisingoperationalcostsB)DecreasedfoottrafficC)LaborshortagesD)Increasedcompetitionfromonlinebusinesses(2分)9.WhatdoestheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesstudysuggestaboutremoteworkinChina?A)Ithasboostedurbaneconomiessignificantly.B)Ithasreducedincomeinequality.C)Ithasdisproportionatelybenefitedtechworkers.D)Ithasledtowidespreadunemployment.(2分)10.Whatmeasuresarepolicymakersconsideringtoaddressthechallengesofremotework?A)Encouragingfull-timeofficework.B)Providingsubsidiesforaffectedsmallbusinesses.C)Promotingfurtherremoteworkpolicies.D)Taxingtechcompaniesforremoteworkadoption.(2分)Passage3Title:TheRoleofArtificialIntelligenceinEducationintheUK(人工智能在英国教育中的作用)TheUnitedKingdomhasbeenattheforefrontofintegratingartificialintelligence(AI)intoitseducationsystem,withinitiativesliketheAIEducationFoundationaimingtopersonalizelearningexperiences.AI-poweredplatformsarebeingusedtoadaptcurriculatoindividualstudentneeds,identifylearninggaps,andprovidereal-timefeedback.However,concernshavebeenraisedaboutdataprivacyandthepotentialreplacementofhumanteachers.AreportbytheBritishEducationalSuppliersAssociation(BESA)highlightsthatwhileAIcanenhanceefficiency,itcannotfullyreplicatetheemotionalandsocialdevelopmentfosteredintraditionalclassroomsettings.UniversitiesarenowexperimentingwithAI-driventutoringsystemstoimprovestudentengagement,buteducatorsarecallingforabalancedapproachthatcombinestechnologywithhumaninteraction.11.WhatisthemainpurposeofusingAIineducationintheUK?A)Toreplacehumanteachersentirely.B)Topersonalizelearningexperiences.C)Toincreaseeducationalcosts.D)Toreducethenumberofstudentsinclassrooms.(2分)12.Accordingtothepassage,whatadvantagedoesAIbringtoeducation?A)Itensuresuniformlearningstandards.B)Itadaptscurriculatoindividualneeds.C)Itreducestheworkloadforteachers.D)Itimprovesstudentattendance.(2分)13.WhatisamajorconcernaboutAIineducation,asmentionedinthepassage?A)Itistooexpensivetoimplement.B)Itmaycompromisedataprivacy.C)Itlackscreativeteachingmethods.D)Itisnotuser-friendlyforstudents.(2分)14.WhatdoestheBritishEducationalSuppliersAssociation(BESA)reportsuggestaboutAIineducation?A)AIismoreeffectivethanhumanteachers.B)AIshouldbeusedalongsidehumanteachers.C)AIisonlyusefulforadministrativetasks.D)AIwilleliminatetheneedforschools.(2分)15.HowareuniversitiescurrentlyusingAIineducation?A)Forgradingexamsautomatically.B)FordevelopingAI-driventutoringsystems.C)Forreplacingalltraditionalteachingmethods.D)Formanagingschoolinfrastructure.(2分)Passage4Title:SustainableAgricultureinIndia:ChallengesandSolutions(印度可持续农业：挑战与解决方案)India,withitsvastpopulationandgrowingfooddemands,isfacingincreasingpressuretoadoptsustainableagriculturepractices.Traditionalfarmingmethods,heavilyreliantonchemicalfertilizersandpesticides,haveledtosoildegradationandwaterscarcity.TheIndiangovernmenthaslaunchedprogramslikethe"KisanMantri"schemetopromoteorganicfarmingandwater-efficienttechniques.However,farmersfacechallengessuchaslimitedaccesstocredit,climatechange,andoutdatedinfrastructure.AstudybytheIndianCouncilofAgriculturalResearch(ICAR)suggeststhatintegratingagroforestryandsolar-poweredirrigationcouldsignificantlyimprovesustainability.NGOsarealsoplayingarolebyprovidingtrainingandresourcestosmall-scalefarmers.Despitetheseefforts,thetransitiontosustainableagricultureremainsslow,highlightingtheneedforlong-termpolicysupport.16.WhatistheprimarychallengeinIndia’sagriculturesector?A)HighcropyieldsB)SoildegradationandwaterscarcityC)AbundantrainfallD)Overuseoforganicfertilizers(2分)17.WhatinitiativehastheIndiangovernmentlaunchedtopromotesustainablefarming?A)The"GreenRevolution"program.B)The"KisanMantri"scheme.C)The"FarmerFirst"policy.D)The"SolarFarmingInitiative."(2分)18.AccordingtotheIndianCouncilofAgriculturalResearch(ICAR),whatcouldimprovesustainabilityinagriculture?A)Increasingtheuseofchemicalfertilizers.B)Adoptingagroforestryandsolar-poweredirrigation.C)Expandingfarmlandtomeetfooddemands.D)Relianceontraditionalrain-fedfarming.(2分)19.WhatroleareNGOsplayinginsustainableagricultureinIndia?A)Encouraginglarge-scalefarming.B)Providingtrainingandresourcestofarmers.C)Advocatingforhighergovernmentsubsidies.D)Promotingtheuseofgeneticallymodifiedcrops.(2分)20.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofsustainableagricultureinIndia?A)Itwillrapidlyreplacetraditionalfarmingmethods.B)Itrequireslong-termpolicysupport.C)Itisalreadywidelyadoptedacrossthecountry.D)Itwillleadtohigherfoodprices.(2分)PartB:ReadingComprehension(段落匹配题)共5题，每题2分，共10分Passage5Therapidadvancementof5Gtechnologyhastransformedcommunicationandconnectivityworldwide.IndevelopedcountrieslikeSouthKoreaandJapan,5Gnetworkshavebeenrolledoutextensively,enablinginnovationssuchassmartcitiesandautonomousvehicles.However,inmanydevelopingnations,theadoptionof5Ghasbeenslowerduetohighinfrastructurecostsandlimitedinternetpenetration.AreportbytheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU)highlightsthatbridgingthedigitaldivideiscrucialforglobaleconomicgrowth.Governmentsandtechcompaniesarenowcollaboratingtomake5Gmoreaccessible,particularlyinruralareas.TheITUalsoemphasizestheneedforpoliciestoensurethat5Gbenefitsallsegmentsofsociety,notjusturbanpopulations.Questions:21.Whichcountryismentionedashavingwidespread5Gadoption?22.Whatisamajorchallengeto5Gimplementationindevelopingcountries?23.AccordingtotheITU,whatisessentialforglobaleconomicgrowth?24.Whatisthefocusofgovernmentsandtechcompaniesregarding5G?25.Whoisemphasizedasbenefitingfrom5GaccordingtotheITU?(每题2分，共10分)PartC:True/False/NotGiven(判断题)共10题，每题1分，共10分Passage6Climatechangeisdisproportionatelyaffectingsmallislanddevelopingstates(SIDS)inthePacificandCaribbeanregions.Risingsealevels,extremeweatherevents,andoceanacidificationposeexistentialthreatstothesenations.TheUnitedNationshasestablishedtheSmallIslandDevelopingStatesAgency(SIDS)toprovidefinancialandtechnicalsupport.However,manySIDSstruggletomeettherequirementsforinternationalclimatefundingduetolimitedresources.ArecentconferenceinBarbadoscalledforgreaterglobalaccountabilitytoaddresstheuniquevulnerabilitiesofSIDS.Whilesomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrenewableenergyadoption,thepaceofchangeisinsufficienttopreventcatastrophicdamage.Questions:26.TrueorFalse:Smallislanddevelopingstatesarenotaffectedbyclimatechange.27.WhatarethemainthreatstoSIDSduetoclimatechange?28.HastheUNprovidedfinancialsupporttoSIDS?29.DoSIDSfacedifficultiesinaccessingclimatefunding?30.WasaconferenceheldinParistodiscussSIDSissues?31.HasrenewableenergysignificantlyreducedclimaterisksforSIDS?32.AreinternationaleffortsadequatetoprotectSIDSfromclimatechange?33.IsoceanacidificationaconcernforSIDS?34.DoestheSIDSAgencyfocusonlyoneconomicissues?35.AreSIDSprimarilyconcernedaboutrisingsealevels?(每题1分，共10分)PartD:SummaryCompletion(概要填空题)共5题，每题2分，共10分Passage7Theriseofe-commercehasrevolutionizedconsumerbehaviorinLatinAmerica,withBrazilandMexicoleadingtheregioninonlinesales.AccordingtoareportbyStatista,LatinAmericane-commercegrewby30%in2023,drivenbyincreasinginternetpenetrationandmobilepayments.However,challengesremain,includinglogisticsinfrastructurelimitationsanddigitalliteracygaps.Governmentsareworkingwithtechfirmstoimprovelast-miledeliveryandexpandaccesstofinancialservices.Thereportalsohighlightsthegrowingtrendofsocialcommerce,whereinfluencerspromoteproductsthroughplatformslikeInstagramandTikTok.Whileyoungconsumersaremoreengagedwithe-commerce,olderdemographicsstillprefertraditionalshoppingmethods.Effortsarebeingmadetobridgethisgenerationaldividethrougheducationandconvenience-focusedinitiatives.Questions:Fillintheblankswithonewordfromthebox.logistics,digitalliteracy,socialcommerce,last-miledelivery,generationaldivide,mobilepayments,infrastructure,internetpenetration,financialservices,traditionalshoppingmethods,influencers,e-commerce,Brazil,Mexico,Statista,2023,30%36.In2023,LatinAmericane-commercegrewby_________.37.Whatisamajorchallengetoe-commerceintheregion?38.WhichcountriesarehighlightedasleadersinLatinAmericane-commerce?39.Howaregovernmentsaddressinglogisticsissues?40.WhattrendisgainingpopularityinLatinAmericane-commerce?(每题2分，共10分)AnswerKeyandExplanationPartA:MultipleChoice1.B2.C3.C4.B5.B6.B7.B8.B9.C10.B11.B12.B13.B14.B15.B16.B17.B18.B19.B20.BExplanation:1.ThepassageprimarilydiscussesthechallengesandopportunitiesofrenewableenergyinSoutheastAsia.2.Vietnamismentionedashavingambitioustargets.3.Gridinfrastructurelimitationsareexplicitlystatedasamajorobstacle.4.TheAsianDevelopmentBankfearstheregionmaymissitscarbontargets.5.Governmentsareimprovingenergystorageandfosteringpartnerships.6.Theshifttoremoteworkisthemaindriverofeconomicchanges.7.Remoteworkreducescommutingcostsforemployees.8.Smallbusinessesfacedecreasedfoottraffic.9.Thestudynotesthatremoteworkbenefitstechworkersdisproportionately.10.Policymakersareconsideringhybridmodelsandsupportforsmallbusinesses.11.ThegoalistopersonalizelearningthroughAI.12.AIadaptscurriculatoindividualstudentneeds.13.Dataprivacyisamajorconcern.14.BESAsuggestsAIshouldcomplement,notreplace,humanteachers.15.UniversitiesareusingAIfortutoringsystems.16.Soildegradationandwaterscarcityarekeychallenges.17.The"KisanMantri"schemepromotessustainablefarming.18.ICARsuggestsagroforestryandsolarirrigation.19.NGOsprovid