高考英语词汇专项模拟题

高考英语词汇专项模拟题一、单项选择(共15小题)1.Thegovernmenthastakenaseriesofmeasuresto_______theproblemofairpollution,andsomeprogresshasbeenmade.A.addressB.adjustC.adaptD.admit*考查点：动词词义辨析及语境应用。address在此处意为“处理，解决”。*2.Despitethe_______weatherconditions,therescueteamcontinuedtheirsearchforthemissinghikers.A.favorableB.severeC.gentleD.moderate*考查点：形容词词义辨析及语境逻辑。severe形容天气“恶劣的”。*3.Itiswidelybelievedthatagoodeducationisthekeyto_______abrightfuture.A.ensuringB.requiringC.demandingD.securing*考查点：动词词义辨析及固定搭配。secureafuture表示“确保未来”，语气比ensure更强调努力获得。*4.Thenovelhasbeen_______intoseverallanguages,makingitpopulararoundtheworld.A.transformedB.translatedC.transportedD.transferred*考查点：形似动词词义辨析。translate专指“翻译”。*5.Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthat_______decisionsoftenleadtounpleasantconsequences.A.urgentB.hastyC.instantD.prompt*考查点：形容词词义辨析及语境理解。hasty表示“仓促的，草率的”。*6.Theoldtemple,whichdatesbacktotheMingDynasty,isnowundercareful_______.A.preservationB.conservationC.reservationD.observation*考查点：名词词义辨析。preservation强调“保护，维护”（文物、建筑等）。*A.giveinB.giveupC.giveoutD.giveaway*考查点：动词短语辨析。givein意为“让步，屈服”，符合语境。*8.Thescientist’s_______findingshaveopenedupanewfieldofresearchinmedicine.A.originalB.creativeC.innovativeD.initial*考查点：形容词词义辨析。innovative强调“创新的，革新的”，尤指带来新方法或新思想。*9.Itis_______ofyoutobringanumbrellaonsuchacloudyday.A.sensitiveB.sensibleC.sentimentalD.sensational*考查点：形容词词义辨析。sensible表示“明智的，合理的”。*A.expandB.extendC.stretchD.spread*考查点：动词词义辨析。expand指“扩大（范围、规模等）”，如市场份额。*11.Aftertheaccident,thedriverwas_______fordrunkdrivingandsentencedtothreemonthsinprison.A.accusedB.chargedC.blamedD.criticized*考查点：动词词义辨析及固定搭配。bechargedwith为固定搭配，意为“被指控”。*12.Theteacher_______theimportanceofregularpracticetothestudents.A.emphasizedB.highlightedC.stressedD.underlined*考查点：动词词义辨析。这四个词都有“强调”之意，stress更侧重于“着重指出...的重要性”。*13.Weneedtofinda_______solutiontotheproblemthatsatisfieseveryoneinvolved.A.mutualC.jointD.shared*考查点：形容词词义辨析。mutual强调“相互的，彼此的”，mutualsolution可理解为“双方都接受的解决方案”。*14.Theprojecthasbeen_______duetoalackoffundingfromthegovernment.A.delayedB.canceledC.suspendedD.abandoned*考查点：动词词义辨析。suspend意为“暂停，中止”，暗示可能在未来恢复。*A.attractedB.drewC.capturedD.fetched*考查点：动词词义辨析。drawattention是常用搭配，意为“引起注意”；captureattention也有此意，且更强调“吸引并抓住”。此处四个选项在一定语境下均可，但draw和capture更为贴切。*二、完形填空(共10小题)*Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassage.*Astrongvocabularyisnotjustaboutknowingalotofwords;it’saboutusingthemeffectively.Whenyouhavearichvocabulary,youcanexpressyourideasmore__16__andprecisely.Thisisparticularlyimportantinacademicwritingandexams,whereclarityandaccuracyare__17__.Buildingvocabularyisa__18__processthatrequiresconsistenteffort.Oneeffectivemethodistoreadwidely.Asyouencounternewwordsincontext,younotonlylearntheirmeaningsbutalsohowtheyare__19__used.It’salsohelpfultokeepavocabularynotebook,jottingdownnewwordsalongwiththeir__20__andexamplesentences.Anotherstrategyistolearnwordfamiliesandroots.Understandingtheoriginofwordscanhelpyou__21__themeaningofunfamiliarterms.Forexample,knowingthat“bio-”relatestolifecanhelpyouguessthemeaningofwordslikebiographyorbiology.Finally,regularreviewis__24__.Ourmemoriesarefallible,andwithoutreinforcement,evenwell-learnedwordscanbe__25__.Setasidetimeeachweektogooveryourvocabularynotesandpracticeusingthewordsindifferentcontexts.16.A.clearlyB.bravelyC.highlyD.deeply17.A.valuedB.praisedC.rewardedD.required18.A.rapidB.gradualC.suddenD.quick19.A.properlyB.correctlyC.accuratelyD.appropriately20.A.definitionsB.descriptionsC.explanationsD.interpretations21.A.figureoutB.lookupC.seekforD.searchout22.A.applyB.employC.useD.utilize23.A.permanentB.fixedC.steadyD.firm24.A.necessaryB.essentialC.vitalD.crucial25.A.forgottenB.neglectedC.overlookedD.abandoned三、答案与解析一、单项选择1.A解析：address在此处意为“处理，解决（问题等）”，符合句意“政府已采取一系列措施解决空气污染问题”。adjust调整；adapt适应；admit承认。2.B解析：severe意为“恶劣的”，修饰weatherconditions。favorable有利的；gentle温和的；moderate适中的。3.D解析：secure有“确保，获得”之意，secureabrightfuture意为“确保一个光明的未来”。ensure也有确保之意，但secure更强调通过努力获得或保证安全。require需要；demand要求。4.B解析：translate意为“翻译”，符合句意“这部小说已被翻译成多种语言”。transform转变；transport运输；transfer转移。5.B解析：hasty意为“仓促的，草率的”，hastydecisions指“草率的决定”。urgent紧急的；instant立即的；prompt迅速的。6.A解析：preservation强调“保护，维护（文物、建筑等使其不受破坏）”。conservation侧重“（对自然资源的）保护”；reservation预订；observation观察。7.A解析：givein意为“让步，屈服”，符合句意“双方都表示愿意让步以达成妥协”。giveup放弃；giveout分发，用尽；giveaway赠送，泄露。8.C解析：innovative意为“创新的，革新的”，强调引入新方法或新概念。original原创的；creative有创造力的；initial最初的。9.B解析：sensible意为“明智的，合理的”。sensitive敏感的；sentimental多愁善感的；sensational轰动的。10.A解析：expand指“扩大（范围、规模、市场等）”。extend延伸（长度、时间等）；stretch伸展；spread传播。11.B解析：bechargedwith为固定搭配，意为“被指控犯有...罪”。accuse常用搭配为beaccusedof；blame责备；criticize批评。12.C解析：stress强调“着重指出...的重要性”。emphasize,highlight,underline均有“强调”之意，用法略有不同，但在此语境中均可，stress更为常用。14.C解析：suspend意为“暂停，中止”，常指因某种原因暂时停止，可能恢复。delay延迟；cancel取消；abandon放弃。15.B/C解析：drawattention和captureattention均为“引起注意”的常用表达。draw较为普遍，capture更强调“吸引并抓住”。attract也可，但draw/capture与attention搭配更为自然。二、完形填空16.A解析：clearly清晰地，与precisely（精确地）并列，指用丰富的词汇能更清晰精确地表达思想。17.D解析：required被要求的，必需的。在学术写作和考试中，清晰和准确是“必需的”。18.B解析：gradual逐渐的。构建词汇量是一个“渐进的”过程，需要持续努力。19.D解析：appropriately适当地。在语境中遇到生词，不仅能学习其含义，还能学习其如何被“适当地”使用。20.A解析：definitions定义。记下生词及其“定义”和例句。21.A解析：figureout弄明白，猜出