2025年高考英语词汇与语法试题考试及答案

2025年高考英语词汇与语法试题考试及答案考试时长：120分钟满分：100分班级：__________姓名：__________学号：__________得分：__________一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）1.Thenewpolicyaimsto______theeconomicgrowthbyreducingtaxesandimprovingbusinessenvironment.A.boostB.declineC.stabilizeD.postpone2.Despitetheheavyrain,they______tocompletetheoutdooreventontime.A.insistedB.attemptedC.abandonedD.postponed3.Hisspeechwasso______thatitlefttheaudiencespeechless.A.boringB.inspiringC.confusingD.irrelevant4.Thecompanydecidedto______itsoperationstoamoresustainablemodel.A.transformB.ignoreC.postponeD.eliminate5.Shehasastrong______forlearningnewlanguages,whichhelpsherexcelinhercareer.A.aversionB.passionC.reluctanceD.indifference6.Thegovernmentimplementedstrictmeasuresto______thespreadofthevirus.A.accelerateB.containC.encourageD.neglect7.His______attitudetowardsworkoftenleadstomisseddeadlines.A.responsibleB.carelessC.diligentD.enthusiastic8.Thenovelwontheawardforits______depictionofhistoricalevents.A.inaccurateB.vividC.vagueD.biased9.Theteamworked______toachievetheirgoalwithinthedeadline.A.reluctantlyB.cooperativelyC.independentlyD.chaotically10.Theoldbuildingwas______tobedemolishedduetoitspoorcondition.A.scheduledB.permittedC.prohibitedD.recommended二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）11.Theexperimentyielded______results,whichsurprisedtheresearchers.12.Sheis______inherdecisiontopursueacareerinmedicine.13.Thecompany'sprofitshave______by20%overthepastyear.14.His______tofollowrulesoftencausesconflictswithhiscolleagues.15.Theteacherpraisedthestudentforhis______tosolvecomplexproblems.16.Thenewlawaimsto______therightsofworkers.17.Theathlete's______performanceimpressedtheentirestadium.18.Thebookprovidesa______accountofthehistoricalevent.19.Theteam's______effortsledtotheirvictoryinthechampionship.20.Theoldbridgewas______forrepairsduetoitsdeterioratingstructure.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，总分20分）21.Theword"ubiquitous"meanssomethingthatispresenteverywhere.(正确)22.Thephrase"loftyaspirations"referstounrealisticgoals.(错误)23.Theidiom"bitethebullet"meanstofaceadifficultsituationwithcourage.(正确)24.Theterm"myriad"referstoalargenumberofsomething.(正确)25.Theword"pivotal"meanssomethingthatisnotimportant.(错误)26.Thephrase"fallintodisrepute"meanstogainagoodreputation.(错误)27.Theidiom"hitthenailonthehead"meanstomakeamistake.(错误)28.Theterm"nascent"meanssomethingthatisfullydeveloped.(错误)29.Theword"serendipity"referstoalackofluck.(错误)30.Thephrase"aHerculeantask"meanssomethingthatisveryeasy.(错误)四、简答题（总共3题，每题4分，总分12分）31.Explainthedifferencebetween"imply"and"infer"inyourownwords.32.Describethefunctionofthegerundinthesentence:"Swimmingisherfavoritehobby."33.Whatisthepurposeofusingthepassivevoiceinacademicwriting?五、应用题（总共2题，每题9分，总分18分）34.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthecorrectarticles:"ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."Then,explainwhythearticleisnecessaryinthiscontext.35.Translatethefollowingsentenceintopassivevoice:"Thecommitteewillfinalizethereportnextweek."Then,explainwhenitisappropriatetousethepassivevoiceinthissentence.【标准答案及解析】一、单选题1.A(boost:toincrease)2.B(attempted:tried)3.B(inspiring:motivating)4.A(transform:tochange)5.B(passion:stronginterest)6.B(contain:tocontrol)7.B(careless:notattentive)8.B(vivid:clearanddetailed)9.B(cooperatively:workingtogether)10.A(scheduled:planned)解析：1."Boost"meanstoincrease,whichfitsthecontextofeconomicgrowth.2."Attempted"meanstried,whichalignswiththeideaoftryingtocompletetheevent.二、填空题11.surprising12.determined13.increased14.defiance15.persistence16.protect17.exceptional18.detailed19.collaborative20.designated解析：11."Surprising"fitsthecontextofunexpectedresults.12."Determined"meansresolute,whichmatchesherdecision.三、判断题21.正确22.错误(loftyaspirations:highgoals)23.正确24.正确25.错误(pivotal:important)26.错误(fallintodisrepute:losereputation)27.错误(hitthenailonthehead:beaccurate)28.错误(nascent:newanddeveloping)29.错误(serendipity:goodluck)30.错误(Herculeantask:verydifficult)解析：21."Ubiquitous"meanspresenteverywhere,sothestatementiscorrect.22."Loftyaspirations"meanshighgoals,notunrealistic.四、简答题31."Imply"isaverbthatmeanstosuggestsomethingindirectly,while"infer"isaverbthatmeanstounderstandsomethingfromgiveninformation.Forexample,"Theteacherimpliedthatweshouldstudymore,"but"Iinferredthatthetestwouldbedifficult."32.Thegerundinthesentence"Swimmingisherfavoritehobby"is"Swimming,"whichfunctionsasthesubjectofthesentence.33.Thepassivevoiceisusedinacademicwritingtoemphasizetheactionortheobjectratherthantheactor,tomaintainanobjectivetone,orwhentheactorisunknownorirrelevant.Forexample,"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam"focusesonth