2025年高考英语陷阱题总结归纳定语从句附详解

2025年高考英语陷阱题总结归纳定语从句附详解第一章命题人最爱挖的“关系词”坑1.1先行词被插入语劈成两半原题：Theprofessor,togetherwithhisassistants,_______areconductingtheexperiment,haspublishedanewpaper.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom考场快照：80%的同学看见“professor”singular，毫不犹豫选A.who，忽略主谓一致真正的主语是“assistants”。拆解：togetherwith结构只作插入语，谓语动词单复数看真正的主语“assistants”，故定语从句缺主语且指人复数，应选A.who。陷阱复盘：命题人把“togetherwith+n.”插在先行词与从句之间，制造“单数”幻觉；若把插入语整体括起来，句子骨架瞬间清晰：Theprofessor(togetherwithhisassistants)whoareconducting…1.2先行词被“介词+关系代词”提前，却偷偷换成“关系副词”原题：Thisisthefactory_______myfatherworkedtenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.A&C考场快照：“inwhich”与“where”同表地点，答案竟给D。不少省份阅卷细则是“单选最佳”，D被扣0分。拆解：work为不及物动词，需加介词in才能接地点，故inwhich=where，二者均正确；但若题目要求“最佳一项”，应优先选where，因更简洁。命题人利用“都对”制造纠结，考生若没背熟“介词+which=关系副词”的等价表，就掉坑。第二章“非限定”与“限定”一字之差，分数天壤之别2.1逗号后突然放“that”原题：Hefailedtheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.it考场快照：看到“exam”立刻联想“that”指代整句，但逗号后绝不允许that引导非限定从句。拆解：非限定从句指代整句只能用which，故选B。命题人把“that”放在逗号后，视觉冲击力极强，考生一恍惚就勾A。2.2“介词+that”幽灵再现原题：Thenews,_______hehadbeenadmittedtoPKU,spreadquickly.A.thatB.whichC./D.A&C拆解：“hehadbeenadmittedtoPKU”是完整句子，不缺成分，前面又出现逗号，只能选that作同位语从句，which无法引导同位语。但很多同学把逗号当“非限定”信号，直接排除that，误选B。陷阱复盘：逗号后接that只有一条活路——同位语从句；若从句缺成分，才是非限定定语从句，才能用which。一字之差，考点切换。第三章“whose”的三种隐形身份3.1whose+名词=the+n.+ofwhich原题：Thehouse_______roofwasdamagedhasbeenrepaired.A.whoseB.ofwhichtheC.theroofofwhichD.allabove拆解：whoseroof=theroofofwhich=ofwhichtheroof，三种表达都对，但单选最佳选whose，最简洁。命题人把“allabove”放D，诱惑考生“贪全”，结果该省细则规定“单选唯一”，D0分。3.2whose先行词是“整体句子”原题：Theteamwonthechampionship,_______reputationwasthenestablished.A.whoseB.whichC.itsD.withwhose拆解：reputation与team所属关系明确，需用whose；但句子已出现逗号，非限定，its无法引导从句，withwhose语义重复。选A。第四章“状语”伪装成“定语”——关系副词四连坑4.1时间状语坑：themoment当先行词原题：I’llneverforgetthemoment_______Ifirstsawtheaurora.A.thatB.whenC./D.allabove拆解：themoment本身为时间先行词，后接从句可填that/when/省略，三种都对。但命题人把D设为“allabove”，考生若所在考区“单选唯一”，则只能选最简洁的“/”，否则0分。4.2原因状语坑：thereasonthat≠thereasonwhy原题：Thereason_______hewaslatewas_______hisalarmdidn’twork.A.that;thatB.why;thatC.that;becauseD.why;because拆解：第一空：reason后接定语从句，缺状语，why/that/省略均可；第二空：表语从句，that引导陈述事实，because引导原因，但前面已有reason，再用because重复，故排除C、D。A、B第一空都对，第二空that优于because，最佳选B。4.3方式状语坑：theway后接inwhich/that/省略原题：Idon’tliketheway_______hespeakstohisstaff.A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.allabove拆解：way后接定语从句，缺方式状语，可填that/inwhich/省略，但which不可单独使用，故D“allabove”不成立，只能选B、C，单选最佳选that，最简洁。4.4地点状语坑：situation后接where原题：He’sgothimselfintoasituation_______hehastofacetwodeadlinesatonce.A.whereB.inwhichC.thatD.A&B拆解：situation抽象地点，where=inwhich，均正确；that缺介词，排除；若单选唯一，优先where。第五章“分裂式”定语从句——命题人把从句拦腰截断5.1主句谓语提前，从句后置原题：Anewviruswasdiscovered_______scientistsbelieve_______maycauselong-termdamagetotheliver.A.which;/B.that;whichC.which;thatD.that;/拆解：主干“Anewviruswasdiscovered”已完整，后接定语从句；从句内部“scientistsbelieve”为插入，缺主语指物，用which，believe后无需再补that，故选A。陷阱复盘：命题人把“scientistsbelieve”插在从句主语与谓语之间，考生若找不到which指代virus，就会误选B，造成“thatwhich”叠床架屋。5.2从句嵌套，双重关系词原题：Thisisthestudent_______theteachersaid_______hadcheatedintheexam.A.who;thatB.whom;/C.who;/D.whom;that拆解：teachersaid为插入，从句缺主语指人，用who，said后无需再补that，故选C。若误把said当及物动词，会再补that，导致双宾语结构崩溃。第六章“省略”与“替代”——看似简洁实则暗箭6.1介词宾语省略原题：Thesubject_______wearetalkingismissingfromthesyllabus.A./B.thatC.whichD.aboutwhich拆解：talk为不及物动词，必须加about，故缺介词宾语，只能选aboutwhich；that不可接在介词后，/更无法补介词，故D唯一正确。6.2替代词one与theone混用原题：Thedictionary_______heboughtyesterdayisnottheone_______Irecommended.A.which;thatB.that;whichC./;/D.allabove拆解：两空均缺宾语，可省略，亦可用that/which，故D“allabove”成立；但若考区“单选唯一”，则优先省略，最简洁。第七章“长难句”综合演练——四步拆句法示例原题：Theexhibition,thethemeofwhichrevolvesaroundtheconflictbetweentechnologyandprivacy,hasattractedtensofthousandsofvisitors,manyofwhomareschoolstudentswhohaveneverseenafilmcamera,whichtheyfindoddlyfascinating.任务：指出三个定语从句的关系词及先行词。四步拆句：1.找谓语：revolves,hasattracted,are,haveneverseen,find2.括插入：thethemeofwhich…privacy为非限定，先行词exhibition3.标从句：a.thethemeofwhich…→关系代词which作of宾语b.manyofwhom…→whom指代visitorsc.whohaveneverseen…→who指代studentsd.whichtheyfind…→which指代filmcamera4.核成分：每个which/whom/who在从句中成分明确，无歧义。第八章2025新趋势预测——“语境化”与“跨学科”8.1科技文本：AI伦理预测句式：ChatGPT,_______trainingdataincludebillionsoflinesofhumanconversation,raisesquestionsabouttheextent_______itsresponsescanberegardedasoriginal.第一空：whose；第二空：towhich（extent固定搭配totheextent）。8.2经济文本：数字货币预测句式：Thedigitalyuan,_______pilotversionwasreleasedinfourcities,isexpectedtoreplacecashinscenarios_______anonymityisrequired.第一空：whose；第二空：where（scenario抽象地点）。8.3生物文本：基因编辑预测句式：TheCRISPRtechnique,_______inventorswereawardedtheNobelPrizein2020,allowsscientiststoeditgenesinsituations_______traditionalmethodsfail.第一空：whose；第二空：where。第九章考场5秒急救口诀1.见逗号，先杀that——非限定不选that2.见介词，后杀that——介词+which无敌3.见reason，后杀because——reason…because重复4.见way，后杀which——way后不用单独which5.见插入，括起来——插入语括起，主谓一致现原形第十章终极易错30句（含答案与陷阱提示）1.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______passed;therest______allfailed.has;have（one为主语，who就近一致用has；therest复数用have）2.Themuseum,around_______thecity’snewsubwaylineruns,willopennextyear.which（around