2025-2026学年湖北省鄂东南联考高一上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省鄂东南联考2025-2026学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAfterCenturiesofDecline,HopeontheIslandsHumanexploitation(过度利用)oftheGalapagosgianttortoiseledtoasharpdecreaseinallspecies,threeofwhichbecameextinct.Decadesofconservationefforts,suchascaptivebreeding(人工饲养)andcontrolofinvasiveanimals(入侵动物),changedthepopulationfall-off.1.Howmanytortoisespeciesbecameextinctduetohumanexploitation?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.2.Whatdoestheleft-handgraphmainlyshow?A.ThediversetypesofGalapagosgianttortoises.B.ThediscoverytimeoftheGalapagosarchipelago.C.ThedecliningnumberofGalapagosgianttortoises.D.TheconservationeffortsforGalapagosgianttortoises.3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheconservationefforts?A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Unclear. D.Positive.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人类过度利用导致加拉帕戈斯巨龟数量锐减，但经过数十年的保护努力，情况有所改善。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Humanexploitation(过度利用)oftheGalapagosgianttortoiseledtoasharpdecreaseinallspecies,threeofwhichbecameextinct.(人类对加拉帕戈斯巨龟的过度利用导致所有物种数量急剧减少，其中三个物种已经灭绝)”可知，由于人类的过度利用，有三种巨龟物种灭绝。故选C。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据左侧图表内容，其展示了从1535年到1950年加拉帕戈斯巨龟数量从约30万只大幅下降的过程，包括“Whaling(捕鲸)”时期、“Colonization(殖民)”时期的数量减少情况。因此，左侧图表主要显示加拉帕戈斯巨龟数量的下降情况。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Decadesofconservationefforts,suchascaptivebreeding(人工饲养)andcontrolofinvasiveanimals(入侵动物),changedthepopulationfall-off.(数十年的保护努力，如人工饲养和控制入侵动物，改变了种群数量的下降趋势)”可知，作者认为保护努力取得了成效，对保护努力持积极态度。故选D。BMyfirstdayasateacher,IwastoldIhada“sweetgroupofkids”bytheirfourthgradeteachers,andaftermakingitthroughthatfirstday,Ifoundthistobetrue.Iquicklygrewtoloveeachchildinmyclassroom.Butinthefollowingdays,Ifoundithardtocompetewiththeendlessstreamoffast-pacedtechnologythatfilledtheirlives.Itwasastruggletokeepthestudents’attention.Astheyearprogressed,itcametimetoteachtheAmericanRevolutionandIwonderedhowIwouldconnectsomethingthathappenedover200yearsearliertothestudents’lives.AnotherteachersuggestedItrystagingarevolutionofmyown,andsooneMondaymorning,thestudentsarrivedtofindmeinanelegantpurpledresswithlongwhitegloves.IexplainedtothestudentsthatforafewweeksIwouldbe“queen”oftheclassroom,andtheywouldbemy“colonists(殖民者).”Ipassedoutfivepenniestoallthestudentseachdayandtoldthemaslongastheykepttheirpenniesuntiltheendofclass,theywouldberewarded.Astheunitprogressed,Ibegantaxing(收税)apennytogototherestroomorsharpenapencilatothertimesthanthegiventimes.Thetaxreduceddistractions(分心)becausestudentsdidn’twanttogiveuptheirdailyrewardforafewminutesofplaytimeintherestroom.Then,mysystemtookasharpturn.Attimes,Iwouldstepasidefrommyqueenacttogivethe“colonists”advice.“Thinkaboutwhattheearlycolonistsdidtosolvetheirproblemswiththetaxes.Whatcanyoudothatmightconvincethequeentostoptaxingyou?”Theunittooktwistsandturns(一波三折)thatweren’tinmylessonplans,butIletthelessonsunfoldwithoutconcernovereverythingturningoutaspecificway.Forthefirsttimethatyear,Isawstudentspawingthroughtheirtextbooks.Onestudentevensaid,“Thisiscool.Wearelearningandhavingfunatthesametime.”Throughthatunit,Irealizedthatifthestudentscouldseehowtheirinputinfluencedtheclass,theywouldbeengaged.4.Whatdidtheteacherfinddifficultatthebeginningofteaching?A.Lovingeachchildintheclassroom.B.Competingwithotherteachersinteachingskills.C.Connectinghistoricaleventstostudents’lives.D.Keepingthestudents’attentionawayfromtechnology.5.Whydidtheteacherdressupasa“queen”inclass?A.Toshowherelegancetothestudents.B.Tomakestudentsunderstandthehistorybetter.C.Togetstudentstopayattentiontoherclothes.D.TocelebratetheAmericanRevolution.6.Whatdidtheteacherdotoreducedistractionsduringthe“revolution”teaching?A.Shetaxedstudentsforungiventimes.B.Sheaskedstudentstostudytextbooksquietly.C.Sheallowedstudentstogototherestroomfreely.D.Shegavestudentsextrapenniesasrewards.7.Whatdidtheteacherlearnfromthisteachingexperience?A.Historylessonsshouldbetaughtinafunway.B.Studentsshouldbegivenmorefreedominclass.C.Studentsshouldbeinvolvedtoattracttheirattention.D.Teachersshouldusemoremultimediainteaching.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述新教师起初难让学生脱离科技、集中注意力，教美国独立战争时模拟“女王与殖民者”场景，让学生参与其中，成功激发学习兴趣并获得教学感悟。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butinthefollowingdays,Ifoundithardtocompetewiththeendlessstreamoffast-pacedtechnologythatfilledtheirlives.Itwasastruggletokeepthestudents’attention.(但在接下来的日子里，我发现很难与充斥着他们生活的快节奏科技相抗衡。让学生集中注意力是一件很困难的事。)”可知，老师一开始遇到的困难是让学生的注意力从科技上移开。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Astheyearprogressed,itcametimetoteachtheAmericanRevolutionandIwonderedhowIwouldconnectsomethingthathappenedover200yearsearliertothestudents’lives.AnotherteachersuggestedItrystagingarevolutionofmyown,andsooneMondaymorning,thestudentsarrivedtofindmeinanelegantpurpledresswithlongwhitegloves.(随着这一年时间的推进，教授美国独立战争的课程提上了日程。我不禁思索，该如何将这桩发生在两百多年前的历史事件与学生们的生活联系起来。另一位老师建议我不妨亲自“策划一场革命”，于是在一个周一的早晨，学生们到校时，发现我身着一袭雅致的紫色长裙，搭配着白色长手套。)”可知，老师装扮成“女王”是为了通过模拟历史场景，让学生更好地理解美国独立战争的历史。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Astheunitprogressed,Ibegantaxingapennytogototherestroomorsharpenapencilatothertimesthanthegiventimes.Thetaxreduceddistractionsbecausestudentsdidn’twanttogiveuptheirdailyrewardforafewminutesofplaytimeintherestroom.(随着课程的推进，我开始对在非规定时间去洗手间或削铅笔收一便士的税。这种税收减少了分心，因为学生们不想为了在洗手间玩几分钟而放弃每天的奖励。)”可知，老师通过对非规定时间的行为征税来减少学生分心。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Throughthatunit,Irealizedthatifthestudentscouldseehowtheirinputinfluencedtheclass,theywouldbeengaged.(通过这个单元，我意识到如果学生们能看到他们的参与如何影响课堂，他们就会投入其中。)”可知，老师从这次教学经历中学到，让学生参与进来才能吸引他们的注意力。故选C项。CWhenyou’retiredout,theideaofpushingyourselftoworkoutcanfeelimpossible.Butacasualwalkorstretchingexercisemightnotseemoutofreach.Anewfitnesstrendhasrenamedthesesuperlow-intensity(强度)formsofmovementas“zonezero”exercise.Asthenamesuggests,zonezerotrainingismeanttobesoeasythatitfeelsalmosteffortless,anditgenerallyreferstoanyactivityinwhichyourheartratestaysbelowhalfofitsmaximumcapacity.“It’sanewtermforanoldconcept,”whichisthatanyamountofphysicalactivityisgoodforyou,saidDr.Julia,asportsmedicinephysician.Manypeoplecanbenefitfromano-stressapproach,sheadded,especiallyifthey’reusedto“nopain,nogain”fitnessmessagingthatsuggeststheonlyworkoutworthdoingisonethatfeelslikework.Lessactivepeoplemaybenefitmorefromzonezero.Ifyouspendmostofyourtimesitting,evenaddingamodestamountofmovementtoyourdaycanhelptoimprovekeymeasuresofhealthlikecirculation,bloodpressureandbloodsugar,saidDr.EliFriedman,whodirectsthesportscardiology(心脏病学)program.“Thepeoplewhogofromdoingnothingtosomethinggetthemostbangforthebuck,”Dr.Friedmansaid.Overtime,headded,movinggraduallymoreandatgraduallyhigherintensitiescanimproveyourbalanceandmusclestrength.Zonezeroshouldn’treplacemoreintenseexercise.Ifyouregularlyexerciseatmiddleorhighintensities,zonezerotrainingcanbeausefulcomplementtoyourfitnessroutine-butit’snotasubstitute(替代).Butonrestdays,itcanbeaworthwhileformofactiverestorrecovery,whichcanhelprelievemusclepain.Don’tovercomplicateit.Givingtheactivitiesofeverydaylifeaseeminglyformalnamemaymotivatesomepeople-especiallythosewhohavefeltfrightenedbyorexcludedfrommoreintensefitnessspaces.Butthekeypointistoincreaseyourdailymovementinwhateverwayfeelsmanageableandsustainable.8.Whatisakeyfeatureofzonezeroexerciseaccordingtothetext?A.Itcausesslightmusclepain.B.Itrequireshighmusclestrength.C.Itreplacesmiddle-intensityexercise.D.Itkeepstheheartrateunderhalfofthehighest.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getthemostbangforthebuck”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Wastethemosttime. B.Gainthemostbenefits.C.Spendthemostmoney. D.Facethemostdifficulties.10.Whatistheauthormostlikelytodiscussnext?A.Athletes’promotionofzonezero. B.Historyoflow-intensityexercise.C.Dailyexamplesofzonezeroexercise. D.Dataofzonezerovsintenseexercise.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NoPain,NoGain:OutdatedFitnessmessaging.B.ActiveRest:TheBestWaytoRelieveMusclePain.C.ZoneZeroExercise:ASubstitutetoIntenseExercise.D.ZoneZeroExercise:AnEasy-to-doWaytoImproveHealth.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“零区运动”这一低强度健身新趋势，包括其特点、益处、适用场景及注意事项。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asthenamesuggests,zonezerotrainingismeanttobesoeasythatitfeelsalmosteffortless,anditgenerallyreferstoanyactivityinwhichyourheartratestaysbelowhalfofitsmaximumcapacity.(顾名思义，零区训练非常轻松，几乎不费力气，通常指任何心率保持在最大心率一半以下的活动。)”可知，零区运动的核心特征是心率不超过最大心率的一半。故选D项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Ifyouspendmostofyourtimesitting,evenaddingamodestamountofmovementtoyourdaycanhelptoimprovekeymeasuresofhealthlikecirculation,bloodpressureandbloodsugar(如果你大部分时间都坐着，即使每天增加少量运动，也有助于改善循环、血压和血糖等关键健康指标)”及“Overtime,headded,movinggraduallymoreandatgraduallyhigherintensitiescanimproveyourbalanceandmusclestrength.(他补充说，随着时间的推移，逐渐增加运动量和强度可以改善平衡能力和肌肉力量)”可知，从不运动到开始做零区运动的人能获得诸多健康益处，故选B项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butthekeypointistoincreaseyourdailymovementinwhateverwayfeelsmanageableandsustainable.(但关键是要以任何感觉可行且可持续的方式增加日常活动量)”可知，作者强调零区运动的核心是“日常可执行的轻微运动”，前文已介绍其定义、益处和注意事项，接下来最可能列举日常中属于零区运动的具体例子，帮助读者理解如何实践。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段引出“零区运动”这一低强度健身趋势；第二段解释其定义和核心特征；第三段说明其对缺乏运动人群的健康益处；第四段强调其不能替代高强度运动，但可作为积极休息方式；最后一段呼吁以简单可行的方式增加日常运动。全文围绕“零区运动是一种轻松易做的健康改善方式”展开，D项“零区运动：一种轻松易践行的健康改善方式”为最佳标题。故选D项。DAccordingtotheUN,some62mtonnes(百万公吨)ofe-wastewereproducedin2022.Only22%isrecycled.Mostoftherestendsupinlandfills,wherein2024recoverablerawmaterialsworth$63bn(十亿)wenttowaste.Thatfigureisexpectedtogrowtomorethan$80bnby2030.Moreover,gettingthosematerialsoutoftherubbishisalsoachallenge.Anewgenerationofrobotspoweredbyartificial-intelligence(AI)models,however,lookstobeuptothejob.JoséSaenzandhisteamattheFraunhoferInstituteforFactoryOperationandAutomationinMagdeburg,aredevelopingaroboticsystemthatcanbeusedinageneralrecyclingcentre.Thefirstthingtheteam’srobotdoesisidentifyanyproductitisoffered.AcameraphotographstheitemandcomparesthephotowithpicturesofdifferentPCs.Therobotalsoscansanylabelsandproductcodestocheckwhetherserviceinstructionsorotherdisassembly(拆卸)tipsareavailableonline.Oncetheidentificationiscomplete,theAIsystemthendetermineswhichpartsareworthremoving,eitherintheformofrawmaterialsorascompletepartstobeusedagain.Analysisdone,theAIcreatesadisassemblyordertooperatetherobot’sarms.Theseareequippedwithaselectionoftools,suchasdrills,grippersandscrewdrivers,toremoveandsortitems.Sofar,theteamhasgoteachstageinthedisassemblyprocessworkinginseparatemachines.Theyarenowlinkingthesetogetherintoasingleroboticdevice(设备)abletocompletethewholeprocess.OncetakingPCsaparthasbeenmastered,theteamwilltrainrobotstotreatotherproducts.Thelearningprocesswilltaketime.DrSaenzthinksitcouldbefiveyearsuntiltheydevelopacommercialdisassemblyrobotthatcouldusefullyworkatarecyclingcentretakingapartanythingfromPCstowhitegoodsandtelevisions.12.Whatdoestheauthortrytoshowbylistingthefiguresinparagraph1?A.Theseverityofe-waste. B.Theexpectationoftreatinge-waste.C.Thedangerofrecoveringe-waste. D.Theapplicationofe-waste.13.Whydoestherobotscanlabelsandproductcodes?A.Totakephotosoftheproduct. B.Tosortrawmaterialsandparts.C.Tofindonlinedisassemblyhelp. D.Tocreateadisassemblyorder.14.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thetoolsequippedontherobot’sarms.B.Thepurposeofdevelopingtherecyclingrobot.C.TheworkingstepsoftheAI-poweredrecyclingrobot.D.Theeffectivenessofrecyclingdifferentelectronicproducts.15.Whatistheteamdoingnowwiththedisassemblyprocess?A.Sellingcommercialdisassemblyrobots.B.Usingseparatemachinesforeachstage.C.Trainingrobotstotakeapartwhitegoods.D.Connectingstagemachinesintoonedevice.【答案】12.A13.C14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了电子垃圾的严峻现状及科研团队研发AI驱动机器人以解决电子垃圾回收难题的相关情况。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“AccordingtotheUN,some62mtonnes(百万公吨)ofe-wastewereproducedin2022.Only22%isrecycled.Mostoftherestendsupinlandfills,wherein2024recoverablerawmaterialsworth$63bn(十亿)wenttowaste.Thatfigureisexpectedtogrowtomorethan$80bnby2030.(根据联合国的数据，2022年产生了大约6200万吨电子垃圾。只有22%被回收利用。剩下的大部分最终都被填埋了，2024年，价值630亿美元的可回收原材料被浪费了。到2030年，这一数字预计将增长到800亿美元以上。)”可知，作者在第1段列出这些数字是想说明电子垃圾的严重性。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Therobotalsoscansanylabelsandproductcodestocheckwhetherserviceinstructionsorotherdisassembly(拆卸)tipsareavailableonline.(机器人还会扫描任何标签和产品代码，以检查在线是否有服务说明或其他拆卸提示。)”可知，机器人要扫描标签和产品代码是为了查找在线拆卸帮助。故选C。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thefirstthingtheteam’srobotdoesisidentifyanyproductitisoffered.AcameraphotographstheitemandcomparesthephotowithpicturesofdifferentPCs.Therobotalsoscansanylabelsandproductcodestocheckwhetherserviceinstructionsorotherdisassembly(拆卸)tipsareavailableonline.Oncetheidentificationiscomplete,theAIsystemthendetermineswhichpartsareworthremoving,eitherintheformofrawmaterialsorascompletepartstobeusedagain.Analysisdone,theAIcreatesadisassemblyordertooperatetherobot’sarms.Theseareequippedwithaselectionoftools,suchasdrills,grippersandscrewdrivers,toremoveandsortitems.(该团队的机器人所做的第一件事是识别呈现在其面前的任何产品。摄像头会对该物品进行拍照，并将照片与不同电脑（PC）的图片进行比对。机器人还会扫描所有标签和产品编码，以检查网上是否有维修说明或其他拆卸提示。一旦完成识别，人工智能系统便会确定哪些部件值得拆除，这些部件要么以原材料的形式，要么作为可再次使用的完整部件。分析完成后，人工智能会生成一份拆卸指令，以操控机器人的机械臂。这些机械臂配备了一系列工具，如钻头、夹爪和螺丝刀等，用于拆卸和分类物品。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是人工智能回收机器人的工作步骤。故选C。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sofar,theteamhasgoteachstageinthedisassemblyprocessworkinginseparatemachines.Theyarenowlinkingthesetogetherintoasingleroboticdevice(设备)abletocompletethewholeprocess.(该团队目前在拆卸流程方面正在将各阶段使用的机器整合成一台设备。)”可知，该团队目前在拆卸流程方面正在将各阶段使用的机器整合成一台设备。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whiletheproblemisbig,ouractionsdon’thavetobe.Youdon’tneedtobeaveterinarian(兽医)orarescuertomakeadifferencebefore,during,andafterfloods.____16____Herearefourgoodwaystohelpanimalsduringandbeforeclimateemergencies.•Conductsafe,responsiblerescue.____17____That’swhyyouranimalcompanions,whetherCats,Dogs,Rabbits,orevenchickens,mustbepartofyourdisasterplan.Disasterkit?Don’tforgetthefurryones.Prepareago-bagwithfood,medicineorcarrier,andwater.TeachyourDogtoenterabox,andmakesureyourCatiscomfortableinacarrier.Forfarmanimals,workwithcaretakerstopracticerelocationdrillsandidentifyshelters.•____18____Youdon’thavetobeinthefloodzonetohelp.Animalwelfaregroupsacrossthecountryrelyondonationsandvolunteers,especiallyduringclimatedisasters.Youcansupportorganizationsbydonatingmoney,food,orsupplies.Evenofferingsocialmediahelportransportingrescuedanimalstothevetcanmakeabigimpact.•Welcomethemintoyourhome.Gotadryspot?____19____EvenasmalldrycornerwithfoodandwatercanmeaneverythingtoahomelessCatorDog.Youcankeeprescuedanimalstemporarily(暂时地)whiletheirfamiliesrecoverorshelterslookforadopters.Startagroupchatinyourcommunitytobuildanetworkofanimaladopters.•Switchtoclimate-friendlyfood.____20____Industrialanimalagricultureisoneofthelargestcontributorstogreenhousegasemissions,deforestation,andwaterpollution,whicharefactorsthatworsenclimatechangeandleadtostronger,morefrequentfloods.Accordingtoastudy,noteatingmeatisthesinglebiggestwayyoucanreduceenvironmentalfootprint.Forone,lessmeatmeanslessdeforestationforCattleanddairy,whichcanhelplessenfloodinginsensitiveareas.A.That’salifeline!B.Changethatbyspeakingup.C.Supportbetterdisasterplanning.D.Floodwaterscanrisewithinminutes.E.Assistlocalorganizationsandshelters.F.What’sonyourplateaffectswhoendsupunderwaterG.Everyonecantakepartinmakinganimallivesmatter.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.A20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了在洪水前后为动物提供帮助的四种具体方法。【16题详析】空前“Youdon’tneedtobeaveterinarianorarescuertomakeadifferencebefore,during,andafterfloods.(你无需成为兽医或是救援人员，也能在洪水来临前、发生时以及过后有所作为。)”说明普通人也可以有所作为，G选项“Everyonecantakepartinmakinganimallivesmatter.(每个人都可以参与到保护动物生命的行动中来。)”说明每个人都可以参与保护动物，承接上文，符合语境，故选G。【17题详析】空后“That’swhyyouranimalcompanions,whetherCats,Dogs,Rabbits,orevenchickens,mustbepartofyourdisasterplan.(这就是为什么你的动物同伴，无论是猫、狗、兔子，甚至是鸡，都必须是你灾难计划的一部分。)”说明动物也必须是你灾难计划的一部分，空格处应该解释原因，D选项“Floodwaterscanrisewithinminutes.(洪水可以在几分钟内上涨。)”直接点明洪水的突发性，解释了为何要提前为动物制定灾难计划，形成“原因→结论”的逻辑，符合语境。故选D。【18题详析】空格处是本段的主旨句，空后“Youdon’thavetobeinthefloodzonetohelp.Animalwelfaregroupsacrossthecountryrelyondonationsandvolunteers,especiallyduringclimatedisasters.Youcansupportorganizationsbydonatingmoney,food,orsupplies.Evenofferingsocialmediahelportransportingrescuedanimalstothevetcanmakeabigimpact.(你不必身处洪灾区域才能伸出援手。全国各地的动物福利组织都依赖捐赠和志愿者，尤其是在气候灾害期间。你可以通过捐款、捐赠食物或物资来支持这些组织。哪怕只是在社交媒体上提供帮助，或者将获救的动物送往兽医那里，都能产生巨大的影响。)”说明全国的动物福利组织依赖捐赠和志愿者，可通过捐款、捐物、提供社交媒体帮助等支持这些组织，因此本段主要讲的是要协助当地的一些福利机构，E选项“Assistlocalorganizationsandshelters.(协助当地组织和避难所。)”概括了本段内容，可作为主旨句。故选E。【19题详析】空后“EvenasmalldrycornerwithfoodandwatercanmeaneverythingtoahomelessCatorDog.(即使是一个干燥的小角落，有食物和水，对无家可归的猫或狗来说也意味着一切。)”说明了干燥的小角落很重要，A选项“That’salifeline!(这是生命线！)”中的That指代前面的dryspot，说明了干燥角落的重要性，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】空后“Industrialanimalagricultureisoneofthelargestcontributorstogreenhousegasemissions,deforestation,andwaterpollution,whicharefactorsthatworsenclimatechangeandleadtostronger,morefrequentfloods.Accordingtoastudy,noteatingmeatisthesinglebiggestwayyoucanreduceenvironmentalfootprint.Forone,lessmeatmeanslessdeforestationforCattleanddairy,whichcanhelplessenfloodinginsensitiveareas.(工业化畜牧业是温室气体排放、森林砍伐和水污染的主要源头之一，而这些因素会加剧气候变化，导致洪水愈发猛烈、频发。根据一项研究，不吃肉是个人能够采取的减少环境足迹的最有效方式。一方面，少吃肉意味着因饲养牛羊等牲畜而砍伐的森林会减少，这有助于减轻敏感地区的洪水灾害。)”说明了减少吃肉可以减少洪灾，F选项“What’sonyourplateaffectswhoendsupunderwater(你盘中的食物，关乎谁最终会被水淹没。)”阐明了食物和洪水的关系，引起下文，符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Beingateacherisablessing,andanawesomeresponsibility.IoncehadastudentnamedRicky,whocamebacktovisitmetenyearsafterleavingmyclass.Hetoldmehowafewwordsofmyadvice—onesIhardly____21____—hadchangedhiswholelife.Earlyinmyteachingcareer,Rickyoften____22____outthewindowduringmyhistoryclasses.Oneday,Ileanedoverhisshoulderand____23____asked,“Whatareyoulookingat?”Youstareoutsideeveryclass.Hereplied,“I’mwatchingthebandpractice.”Ithoughtforamoment,thensaid,“Ifyoulikethebandthatmuch,gotoMr.OverbyandtellhimIsentyou.Tellhimyouwantto_____24_____theband.”Thenextday,RickyvisitedMr.Overby.Headmittedhedidn’tknowhowtoplayany____25____,butMr.Overbystilllethimjoin.Tenyearslater,Rickytoldmethatjoiningthebandmadehimfallinlovewithmusic.Hediscoveredahiddenmusicaltalentheneverknewhehad—onethathadn’tbeen____26____before.Thistalentevenearnedhimacollegescholarship.“Musickeptmebusyand_____27_____oftrouble,”Rickysaid.“Itgavemeachancetogotocollege,getadegree,andnowIcan_____28_____myfamily.”Mostimportantly,musicbroughthimgreatpleasureandsatisfaction.WhenRickythankedme,Itoldhimhedeservedallthecredit—hedidthehardwork:walkingdownstairstojointheband,____29____hisinstrumenteveryday,andgettinggoodgradesforthescholarship.ButRickyshookhishead.“Youcouldhaveyelledatmeforlookingoutthewindow,ormovedmeaway.Instead,yougavemea(n)______30______thatchangedeverything,”hesaid.AfterRickyleft,Ireflectedonhiswords.Theychangedmy_____31_____onteachingforever.Irealizedthatasateacher,everywordIsay,everyactionItake,andeverydecisionImake_____32_____mystudents.Thatday,IlearnedavaluablelessonfromRicky—alessonI’llnever_____33_____.Beingateachertrulyisa_____34_____,andI’mgratefulformomentsthatremindmeofthe_____35_____wehold.21.A.accepted B.remembered C.understood D.expected22.A.looked B.walked C.jumped D.ran23.A.angrily B.proudly C.quietly D.anxiously24.A.leave B.lead C.help D.join25.A.sport B.instrument C.game D.subject26.A.tapped B.shared C.mentioned D.described27.A.full B.short C.free D.afraid28.A.dependon B.carefor C.learnfrom D.playwith29.A.selling B.repairing C.practicing D.collecting30.A.chance B.excuse C.promise D.rule31.A.plan B.view C.advice D.method32.A.influences B.protects C.upsets D.confuses33.A.teach B.miss C.forget D.use34.A.challenge B.secret C.trouble D.blessing35.A.responsibility B.freedom C.knowledge D.power【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.B29.C30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者通过一句不经意的建议改变学生Ricky的人生，进而领悟教师职业的责任与意义的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，我几句几乎已经记不起来的建议，如何改变了他的一生。A.accepted接受；B.remembered记得；C.understood理解；D.expected期待。根据前文“onesIhardly”及后文作者对当时场景的回忆可知，这句建议是作者多年前随口给出的，自己几乎已经忘记了，“remembered”符合“时隔多年遗忘”的语境。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我教学生涯的早期，Ricky在上我的历史课时经常望向窗外。A.looked看；B.walked走；C.jumped跳；D.ran跑。根据后文“stareoutsideeveryclass”“Whatareyoulookingat?”可知，Ricky上课总在看窗外。故选A项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我俯在他肩膀上，轻声问道：“你在看什么？你每节课都盯着外面看。”A.angrily生气地；B.proudly骄傲地；C.quietly轻声地；D.anxiously焦虑地。根据后文作者没有责备Ricky，反而给出支持性建议可知，此处作者的语气是温和的，“quietly”符合“耐心询问”的语境。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想了一会儿，然后说：“如果你那么喜欢乐队，去找Overby先生，就说我让你去的。告诉他你想加入乐队。”A.leave离开；B.lead带领；C.help帮助；D.join加入。根据后文“Mr.Overbystilllethimjoin”可知，作者建议Ricky加入乐队，“join”为原词复现。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他承认自己不会演奏任何乐器，但Overby先生还是让他加入了。A.sport运动；B.instrument乐器；C.game游戏；D.subject科目。根据后文“jointheband”可知，加入乐队需要演奏乐器，而Ricky当时并无相关技能，“instrument”符合乐队场景的核心要素。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现了自己从未知晓的隐藏音乐天赋——一种以前从未被发掘的天赋。A.tapped发掘、开发；B.shared分享；C.mentioned提及；D.described描述。根据后文“hiddenmusicaltalent”可知，这种天赋是隐藏的，之前没有被发现和发掘，“tapped”符合“挖掘潜在能力”的语境。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“音乐让我忙碌，远离麻烦，”Ricky说。A.full满的；B.short短的；C.free自由的、远离的；D.afraid害怕的。根据前文“keptmebusy”可知，音乐占据了Ricky的时间，让他没有机会陷入麻烦，“freeoftrouble”表示“远离麻烦”，符合语境。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“它给了我上大学、获得学位的机会，现在我可以照顾我的家人了。”A.dependon依赖；B.carefor照顾；C.learnfrom向……学习；D.playwith和……玩。根据前文““Itgavemeachancetogotocollege,getadegree”可知，Ricky获得学位后有了能力，能够承担起照顾家人的责任。故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Ricky向我道谢时，我告诉他功劳都在他自己——他付出了努力：下楼加入乐队，每天练习乐器，为了奖学金取得好成绩。A.selling卖；B.repairing修理；C.practicing练习；D.collecting收集。根据后文“hisinstrumenteveryday”可知，要在乐队中发挥天赋并获得奖学金，需要每天练习乐器，“practicinghisinstrument”符合“提升技能”的语境。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，你给了我一个改变一切的机会。A.chance机会；B.excuse借口；C.promise承诺；D.rule规则。作者没有责备Ricky上课走神，而是建议他加入乐队，这为他提供了改变人生的机会，“chance”与前文“gavemeachancetogotocollege”相呼应。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话永远改变了我对教学的看法。A.plan计划；B.view看法、观点；C.advice建议；D.method方法。根据后文“Irealizedthatasateacher,everywordIsay,everyactionItake,andeverydecisionImakemystudents.”可知，作者对教师职业的认知发生了改变，“viewonteaching”表示“对教学的看法”。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，作为一名教师，我说的每一句话、做的每一个动作、做的每一个决定都会影响我的学生。A.influences影响；B.protects保护；C.upsets使不安；D.confuses使困惑。根据前文“changedeverything”可知，作者一句不经意的建议改变了他的人生，说明教师的言行会对学生产生深远影响，“influences”符合核心主旨。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我从Ricky身上学到了宝贵的一课——一堂我永远不会忘记的课。A.teach教；B.miss错过；C.forget忘记；D.use使用。这堂课让作者领悟到教师职业的责任与意义，非常珍贵，因此不会忘记，“forget”与前文作者忘记对Ricky的建议形成对比。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师真的是一种福气，我很感激那些提醒我我们所肩负的责任的时刻。A.challenge挑战；B.secret秘密；C.trouble麻烦；D.blessing福气。文章开头就提到“Beingateacherisablessing”，此处呼应开头，再次强调教师职业是一种福气，“blessing”为原词复现。故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当老师真的是一种福气，我很感激那些提醒我我们所肩负的责任的时刻。A.responsibility责任；B.freedom自由；C.knowledge知识；D.power力量。文章开头同时提到“anawesomeresponsibility”，结合作者领悟到教师言行对学生的影响可知，此处强调教师肩负的责任，“responsibility”为原词复现。故选A项。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BetweenSeptember17and23,Ihadtheopportunitytojoinaprogram____36____(name)Jiangsudu(Jiangsuspeed)andvisitNanjing,WuxiandYanchengcitiesinJiangsuProvince,eastChina.Duringthistrip,manycompanies,institutions,culturalshowsandnaturalplacessparkedmy____37____(curious).Together,theyshowedthespiritofChina’songoingtransformations,particularlythestrengtheningofadevelopmentpathwhich____38____(combine)sustainability,innovationandculture.Let’sstartwithNanjing’sVazymeBiotech,acompanythathasquicklybecome____39____leadingforceinlifesciences.Advancesinbiomedicalmaterialsandpreventivehealth____40____(solution)arenotjustscientificachievements—theyareessentialpartsofabroadervision,onethatdrivespublichealthimprovementswhile____41____(benefit)bothsocietiesandtheireconomies.Meanwhile,theDafengPortZero-CarbonIndustrialParkinYanchengshows____42____ofthemanystepstowardthecountry’sambitiouscarbonneutrality(碳中和)goals.Moreover,itshowshowlarge-scaleindustrialprojectscanliveuptothecorefoundationsofsustainabledevelopment,____43____restonthreeaspects—society,economyandenvironment.Ratherthantreatingeconomicgrowth,socialbenefitsandenvironmentalprotectionasconflictinggoals,Chinahasbeenabletocombinetheminawaythat____44____(effective)matcheswithitsecologicalcivilizationstrategy.ThisisfurtherreinforcedbyJiangsu’sculturalandnaturalheritage.TheTiaoziniwetlands,